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THE SCOTS PEERAGE
Edinburgh : Printed by T. and A. Co«itablb
FOR
DAVID DOUGLAS
LOVDOir . . . BIXPEIK, BfABBHALL, BAMILTOX, XBMT AMD CO., LIMITSD
CAMBKIOOB . . MACMILLAif AMD BOWB
0LA900W . . JAMRS MAOLXHOSB AMD 80K8
CONTENTS
AND LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
PAOB
FROMTI8PIBCB, The Roycd Arms of Scotland.
THE KINGS OP SCOTLAND, 1
ABERGORN, HAMILTON, EARL OF, ^
WUhfuU-page lUustration.
ABERCROMBIE, SANDILANDS, LORD, . . . . 76
With full-page lUnstration,
ABERDEEN, GORDON, EARL OF, 82
With fumpage lUnstraiion.
ABOYNE, GORDON, VISCOUNT MELGUM AND LORD, . 100
ABOTNE, GORDON, VISCOUNT OF, 101
ABOYNE, GORDON, EARL OF 102
WithfuU^page lUwtration.
AIRLIE, OGILVY, EARL OF, 106
WUh full-page lUustration.
AIRTH, GRAHAM, EARL OF, 188
With full-page lUustration,
ALBANY, STEWART, DUKE OF, 146
ALTRIE, KEITH, LORD, 156
ANGUS, CELTIC EARLS OF, 160
ANGUS. UMFRAVILLE, EARL OF, 167
ANGUS, STEWART, EARL OF, 169
ANGUS, DOUGLAS, EARL OF, 172
WithfuHpage lUuatration,
ANNANDALB, BfURRAY, EARL OF, 214
WithfuU-page lUustratum.
vlii OONTBNTB
PAOB
ANNANDALB, JOHNSTONE, MARQUESS OF, .... 280 Wiih/uU-page lUustrtUian.
ARBUTHNOTT, ARBUTHNOTT, VISCOUNT OP, . . .278 WithfuU-page lUutiroHon.
ARGYLL, CAMPBELL, DUKE OP, 818
WithfuU'page lUuatrcUian.
ARRAN, STEWART, EARL OP, 801
ASTON OP PORPAR. ASTON, LORD 800
WUhfuU-page lUutiraUan.
ATHOLL, ANCIENT EARLS OF, 415
ATHOLL, CAMPBELL, EARL OP, 481
ATHOLL, STEWART, EARL OF i86
ATHOLL, STEWART, EARL OP, i40
ATHOLL, STEWART, EARL OP, .447
ATHOLL, BfURRAT, DUEJS OF 440
Wiih full-page lUustraiion.
BADENOCH, COMYN, LORD OP, 608
BALCARRES, UNDSAT, EARL OP, 511
WUh/uU-poife lUuatraHan.
BALFOUR OP BURLEIGH, BALFOUR, LORD, ... 580 WUh/ull-page lUustrtUian.
BALBfERINO, ELPHINSTONE, LORD, 566
WUhfuU^ctge lUuttraHan.
PREFACE
\Mt>Mf.Xi'<
HE ^ Peerage of Scotland^ brought out in one volume folio by Sir Robert Douglas of Glertbervie, Baronet, in 1764| waa a work which at once took its place as a high authority on the sub- ject with which it dealt. Half a century later a new and re- vised edition was com- pleted by Mr. John Philip Wood, in two volumes folio. The works both of Douglas and Wood were for their time admirable examples of ability and research. The former author, himself a member of an ancient Scottish house, was in a position which made it easy for him to collect information from the mem- bers of the Scottish nobility, and many of their charter-chests were opened to him. But he and his editor^ Wood, laborious and painstaking though they were, lived at a period when the historical records of the country were very much less acces- sible than they now are. With the exception
^ Thfi shield in the initio b^ars the official coat of Lyon King of Arma,
PRBFAOB
of the Acts of Parliament in an abridged and mutilated forin, absolutely nothing in the way of records had in DougW days been printed, and referenceB and authorities had to be patiently sought with much expenditure of time and trouble in the badly arranged j insufficiently houaed, and wholly unindexed public documents. The natural consequence was that while their information, so far aa it dealt with their own times or the generation immediately preceding, was on the whole commendably accurate, the particulars regarding the earlier centuries were scanty and too frequently untrustworthy. Bat though every student of family history has to acknowledge a deep debt of gratitude to their labours^ after a time a general desire arose that a more accurate and detailed account of the Scottish Peerage should be pre- pared. Especially of late years, owing to the official publication of several important series of records, such as the Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland^ the Exchequer Rolls^ the Register of the Great Seal, the Register of the Privy Council, and the Lord Treasurer's Accounts^ it was evident that these in themselves afibrded a deep mine from which information might be drawn. Again, many private collections have within the last century seen light. The publications of the Bannatyne, Maitland^ and Spalding Clubs have revealed what a rich store of ancient documents remained in Scotland, and the Historical MSs. Commissioners have made accessible many most valuable collections, which had lain more or less neglected in the charter-rooms of many a noble house.
PREFAOB
xi
A new edition of the Peerage of Scotland has been ^for a long time the ardent aspiration of the present Editor, A good many years ago a meeting of persons interested was called by him, and the subject was carefully considered. But the diflScultiea in the way were apparently unsurmountable. The expense of such an undertaking was considerable, and the class of readers to whom it would appeal was necessarily a limited one : the project therefore was at the time abandoned. Since then, however, the munificence of Sir WiUiam Fraser, K.C.B., himself a well-known writer on genealogical subjects, and whose series of family histories are monuments of patient research, rendered possible a way out of the difficulty. Six William left a certain sum of money to his Trustees with directions that it should be spent in printing works which would tend to elucidate the history and antiquities of Scotland- In carrying out his intention the Trustees resolved to devote part of this sum to making possible a new edition of Douglass Peerage^ though it would far from cover the whole outlay entailed in such an undertaking.
Modem methods demand a much more thorough treatment of genealogical questions than was desired or even possible a century ago. The day of the one- man dictionary or cyclopsedia is over, and it would take the devotion of a lifetime for any individual to write the history of the Scots Peerage as it ought to be written. It was determined therefore that the work should be undertaken by a staff of writers under the supervision of an editor, and in many
aU
PREFACE
cases this has resulted in a title being treated by an author who had made the history of the family his special study, and had access to sources of information which could not have been readily got by any other. There are, no doubt, certain draw- backs to this method : a writer is apt to extend the particulars of a family in which he takes a special interest to a degree far beyond the limits of a work such as this. The editor's duty is to combat against this tendency, but occasionally circumstances are too much for him, and he is unwilling to reject information which is really valuable and interesting even though it may seem unduly to increase the length of the article- In commencing the preparations for this edition instructions were given to contributors that, while free latitude in this respect was given them, they might, if they pleased, use the actual words of Douglas or Wood when no correction was necessary as to the facts. While to a certain extent this has been done» it has been found better in many cases to re-write the articles entirely without reference to what the previous editors had done. So many errors had to be corrected, so many facts re -stated in the light of modern research, and so many abbreviations made, that it was found to be the only satisfactory mode of treat- ment. It has also, it is hoped, conduced to greater clearness in diction, as the somewhat verbose com- ments of Douglas and Wood, though quite in the style of their own day, hardly commend themselves to the more practical requirements of our times. The work,
PREFAOB
xiH
however, has been arranged very much oo the lioeB on which Wood left it, save that instead of having to hunt for the Royal UiLeage through the article Albany a succinct account of the Kings and Queens of Scot- land^ with their issue, has been included at the beginning of the first volume.
As a general rule cadets of families have not bean brought down further than the second generation from the parent stem. But there are cases where this has been departed from, such as when the descendants of a younger son ultimately succeeded to the title, or where it is necessary to show the ex- tinction of some cadent branch.
Not the least important feature of this work is the fact that wherever possible, references have been given to the various authorities for the statements made* This is especially the case as regards the older dates. Douglas and Wood are fairly accurate as to their own times, and they must have got in- formation from contemporaries who had personal knowledge of the facts they communicated. As regards more recent dates it has been thought un- necessary in many instances to give authorities for them, as they are contained in the ordinary books of reference. Burke^ D^jvett, and Lodge are Peerages to which the Editor lies under the greatest obligation for the many more modern dates which have been taken from them.
In compiling the accounts of the different families more importance has been given to the genealogical than to the historicai side of their career. And it
xly
PREFACE
has been absolutely necessary^ out of consideration for spa^e, to omit much of the historical matter which appeared iu the former editions, more especially with regard to the notices of the younger sons* But in the case of the holders of titles themselves it has been found impossible to omit certain details in connection with the history of the country with which they were so intimately associated. Indeed, not to have done 80 would have been to deprive the work of much of its value*
In conclusion, the Editor has to thank his con- tributors for the loyal and hearty support which they have given him. He has often had to regret having had to omit, from unavoidable reasons, much informa- tion, the collection of which must have entailed a large expenditure of time and labour. There are two persons to whom he owes a deep debt of gratitude i — Dr. Mai t land Thomson, the Curator of the Historical Department in H,M, Register House, placed the resources of his exceptionally wide knowledge of Scottish families freely at his disposah There is hardly an article which does not owe something to his powers of research and willingness to communi* cate the result. His colleague the Rev. John Ander- son, assistant Curator of the same Department has acted as assistant editor, and it is not too much to say that without his invaluable help the Editor would have found his task — not an easy one in any case — immeasurably more difficult. Whatever success the w^ork may have owes much to Mr. Anderson's learning and constant care.
PBEFAOB XV
The illustrations, with the full-page achievements and the initial letters, are the work of Mr. Graham Johnston, Heraldic Artist to the Lyon Office, whose advance to the front rank in his profession the Editor has for some years watched with interest and pleasure.
JAMES BALFOUR PAUL
Edzhbuboh, Apra 1904.
LIST OF CONTRIBUTOKS TO VOL. L
J* A.,
G. D. B., .
D. C. V. C,
J. C,
W. B. C,
F. J. G., .
H. W. F. H.,
W. A. L., J, R. N. M«, K. W. ML, W» SdL, V* B* F», • A* F. S*, •
. Rev. John Andxbson.
. g. d. bubtchaxll.
. Donald C. V. Campbell.
. Rev. jAiiBS Campbell, D.D.
. W. B. Cook.
. Fbancis J. Gbant, Rothesay HercM,
. H. W. Fobsyth Habwood, Editor of Th€ OenealogUt.
. William A. Lindsay, K.C., Windsor HtraUU
. J. R. N. Maophail.
. EIbith W. Mubbay.
. William Mubbay.
. Sib James Baltottb Paul, Lyon King-of^Arma.
. A. Fbancis Steuabt.
. James K. Stewabt.
F
^
THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
HE development of the modern Kingdom of Scot- land from a disorganised state in wliicli, after the days of the Roman occu- pation, diflerent races warred for supremacy, be- longs to general history, and need not be treated of in the pages of a Peer- age. But it is necessary for a complete under- standing of the pedigrees of tlie Scottish nobility to notice briefly the in- dividual sovereigns wliu ruled over the kingdom after its component elements were united Into one people, who occupied, if not the whole, at least the greater part of the country now called Scotland, Tliese rulers will be con- sidered not so much in relation to their public acts, which again belong to the province of the historian, as to their alliances, offspring, and relationships, which permeate the whole genealogical history of the Peerage*
The most convenient starting-point for such a purpose Is the reign of
Malcolm iij, *Ceannmor,* Le. Great head or Chief, He was tJie eldest son of Duncan r. by his wife, a cousin of Siward, Earl of Korthumberland : Duncan being the son of Orinan the Thane by his wife Bethoc, eldest daughter and heir of Malcolm n, ICing of Scots.' He was born about 1031. Between 1061 and 1093 he led Ave raids into Eng- land, devastating the nortiiern counties and bringing about
* Chran. PietM and Scats, 153 i Fordun, book \v. W, 40* 44-. Scottish Einga^ by Sir Archibald HamUtoia Danbar, Bart>, which boolc is the basiti of tills article, and where full references are giiren to the authorities for the statenienta made.
VOL, 1, A
1
2 THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
a great invasion of his own country by William the Conqueror in 1072, and by his son Robert in 1080. In his last English raid Malcolm was defeated and slain at Alnwick, 13 November 1093.* He married, first, about 1059, Ingibjorg, daughter of Earl Finn Arnason, and widow of Thorfinn Sigurdson, Earl of Orkney.' He had by her :—
1. Duncan, afterwards king.
2. Donald, died 1085.'
A son Malcolm has been assigned to him, but there seems to be no positive proof of this.
Malcolm Ceannmor married, secondly, at Dunfermline 1068-9, Margaret (St. Margaret of Scotland), daughter of Edward iEtheling.* By her, who died 16 November 1093, at Edinburgh Castle, and was buried at Dunfermline, he had : —
1. Edward, wounded with his father at Alnwick, and died
near Jedburgh 16 November 1093.^
2. Edmund, Prince of Cumbria and afterwards a monk ;
he died at Montague in Somersetshire.
3. Ethelred, Earl of Fife, and Abbot of Dunkeld buried
at Kilrimont.'
4. Edgar, afterwards king.
5. Alexander, afterwards king, as Alexander i.
6. David, afterwards king.
7. Matilda — the good Queen Maud — was married to
Henry i. of England, 11 November 1100, and died 1 May 1118 leaving a daughter Matilda, who was married, first, to the Emperor Henry v., and second, to Geoffrey Plantagenet, by whom she had a son, Henry ii. of England.
8. Mary, was married in 1102 to Eustace, Count of
Boulogne, and died 31 May 1116, leaving a daughter, Matilda, who was married to Stephen, King of England.
Donald * Bane ' succeeded his brother Malcolm, but after six months wad deposed by his nephew Duncan, the eldest son of Malcolm iii., in May 1094.
Duncan ii. born circa 1060; he also reigned only six
' Chron. MailroSj GO. * Orknej^nga Saga, 14, 23 ; Saga of Magnus the Good, 37, 46. ^ Annals of Ulster, 370. * Vita S. Marg. (Surtees Society). 23a ^ Chron, MaUros, 90. « Reg. Prior. St. And., 115.
THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND 8
iDonths, being kilted 12 November 10d4» He married Ethelreda of Biinbar, aod liad a son t— 1* William ' FU^ Duncan^' who married Allce^ dauglxter of Robert de Rumel>% and had issueJ
Donald * Bake * after tlie death of Jiis nephew DuneaQt aecended the throne for the second time, but after the expiry of three 3"ear8 was deposed by his nephew Edgar, who imprlBoned him and deprived him of liis eyesight. He died at Hescobie, though in what year is not known, leaving an only child : —
Bethoc^ who was married to Huctred of Tynedale, by whom she liad a daughter,
HesisiUd^ married to Richard Comyn ; their great-gFieat-grand' son John Comyn was » Competitor for the Scottish crown iu 124>L She married ^ ijecondJy, Malcolm, second Earl of AthoU. (Ses thai Hilt.)
Edgae, fourth son of Malcolm Ceaimmor, by his second wife, succeeded Donald Bane in October 1097, and died un- married in Edinburgh Castle 8 January 1106-7^ aged about thirty-three. Buried at Dunfermline.
Alexander i. * the Fierce,* also son of Malcolm Oeann- mor, succeeded his brother ; married Sybilla, illegitimate daughter of Heary i, of England by Sybilla Corbet, She died at Loch Tay 12 July 1122. He died without legitimate Issue 23 April 1124 at Stirling, and w^as buried at Dunferm- line- He had an illegitimate son, Malcolm, who attempted to gain the crown,
David i. *the Saint,' youngest aon of Malcolm Oeann- mor; born about 1080; married about 1113-14 Matilda, daughter and heir of Waltheof, Earl of Huntingdon, grand- daughter of Siward, Earl of Northumberland ^ and widow of Simon de 8t» lAz. He died at Carlisle 24 May 1153, aged about seven ty-tliree, and was buried at Dunfermline* His wife Matilda, according toPordun,* died 1130-31, and wh!4 buried at Seone ; but she appears In a charter e. 1147.' By her he bad
L Mulcolm^ said to have been strangled wlien a child by Donald Bane.
* Col. Doc. Sc<it. a. 16, 17, Ko, 64. ' Fordim k Good&ll, bk, v. e. 33. ^ AHa BarL Scot, L 350-60.
4 THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
2. Clarieia^ died unmarried.
3. Hodiema^ died unmarried.
4. Henry^ Barl of Northumberland and Huntingdon,
married in 1130 Ada, daughter of William, Earl of Warenne, second Barl of Surrey. He predeceased his father David 1. 12 June 1152, and was buried at Kelso. His wife died 1178. By her he had : —
(1^ Malcolm, afterwards Malcolm tv. * the Maiden.*
!2) William, afterwards WUliam * the Lion.* 3) Davidf Earl of Huntingdon, bom about 1144 ; married 28 August 1190 Maud, daughter of Hugh, Earl of Chester. He died at Jerdelay 17 June 1219, leaving issue :—
i. Robert^ died an infant, and was buried at Lindores. ii. Henry, died an infant, also buried there, ill. John le Scot, Earl of Chester and Earl of Huntingdon ;
d, 8, p, June 5, 1237. iv. Margaret, was married to Alan, Lord of Galloway, in
1209. Her third daughter, DevorgiUa, was married to
John Baliol of Barnard Castle, and had with other
issue:—
(i) John Baliol, who was a Competitor in 1291, and afterwards King of Scotland.
(ii) Alianora, was married to John Comyn of Bade- noch and Tynedale. {See title Badenoch.)
V. Isabella was married to Bobert de Brus, Lord of Annan- dale. (See title Annandale.) It was through her that King Robert Bruce had a claim to the crown, vi. Ada was married to Henry de Hastynges ; her grandson John was a Competitor in 1291.
Earl David had also three illegitimate children :— (!) Henry of Stirling.^
(11) Henry of Brechin.^ These appear frequently in charters of the period as sons of Earl David. Henry of Stirling died apparently unmarried or a. p. Henry of Brechin held the lordship of that name, and by a wife named Julian, had issue, (iil) Ada, was married to Malise* son of Earl Ferteth and brother of Earl Gilbert of Stratheam.'
(4) Ada was married in 1161 to Florent m.. Count of Holland ;
her great grandson Florence v.. Count of Holland, was a Competitor in 1291.
(5) Margaret, was married first, in 1160, to Conan iv., Duke of
Brittany, Earl of Richmond, and by him had issue; second, to Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford.
(6) Matilda, died young 1162.
* Begistrum de Aberbrothec, i. 57. ^ Ibid, s Chartulary of Lindores, Introd. xxvi. et seq. A son David is also mentioned Ubid. xxvii. 3, 8]. It Is difficult to say whether he was legitimate or not. He is not mentioned by Fordun*
THE KINGS OF 800TLAND 5
(7) Marjory, i)068ibly a daughter, as Robert de Pinkeny, one of the Competitors, claimed to be her gpreat-grandson In 12B1, but her position Is uncertain.
Malcolm iv. * the Maiden,' born 20 March 1141-2, suc- ceeded his grandfather 1153 : died unmarried, at the age of twenty-three, at Jedburgh 9 December 1165. He had a natural son, name unknown, in whose memory he granted the right of sanctuary to the church of Innerleithen,*
William *the Lion* succeeded his brother: married 5 September 1186 at Woodstock, Ermengarde, daughter of Richard, Vicecomes de Bellomonte: died at Stirling 4 December 1214, and was buried at Arbroath. By his wife, who died 11 February 1233-4 and was buried at Balmerino, he had :—
1. Alexander, afterwards king.
2. Margaret^ was married, at York in 1221, to Hubert de
Burgh, Justiciar of England and Ireland.
3. Isabella^ was married to Roger Bigod, Earl of Norfolk,
and died s. p.
4. Marjory^ was married, at Berwick 1 August 1235, to
Gilbert, Earl of Pembroke. She died s. p. 17 Novem- ber 1244, and was buried in London. King William had several illegitimate children : —
1. Robert de London.
2. Henry Galightly^ whose son Patrick Galightly was a
Ctompetitor in 1291.
3. Isabella^ whose mother was a daughter of Robert
Avenel ; married, first, in 1183, to Robert de Brus, and second, in 1191 to Robert de Ros. Her great-grand- son William de Ros was a Ctompetitor in 1291.
4. Ada^ was married in 1184 to Patrick de Dunbar, fifth
Earl of Dunbar ; slie died in 1200. Her great-grand- son Patrick de Dunbar was a (Competitor in 1291.
5. Margaret^ whose mother was a daughter of Adam de
Hythus, was married to Eustace de Vesci. Her grandson William de Vesci was a Competitor in 1291.
6. Aufrica^ was married to William de Say. Her great-
grandson Roger de Mandeville was a Ctompetitor in 1291.
1 RegUtrum de Kelso, 1. 23.
THE KINGS OF SOOTLAKD
AXKXANDER 11. was bom at Haddington 24 August 1198; knighted by King Jabn of England 4 March 1211-12. He n tarried, first, 19 June 1221, Joan^ daughter of Jo tin, and sister of Henry iii,. Kings of England ; she died at York, 4 March 1237-8, and was buried at Tarrant Keynstan, Dorsetshire,* He married, secondly, 15 May 1239 Maria, second daughter ol Enguerand in,, Baron de CSoncy. The King died at Kerrera 8 July 1249, and was buried at Melrose- Hls widow was buried at Newbottle, having married as her fiecood husband Jean de Brienne *dit d'Acre,' son of John, King of Jerusalem*
By his second wife he had : —
Alexai*der, afterwards king.
He had also an illegitimate daughter : —
Marjory^ married to Alan Durward ; her grandson Nicholas de Soulis was a Competitor in 129L
Alexaitder III., lx>ru at Roxburgh 4 September 1241, knighted by Henry III. of England 25 December 1251. Married at York W December 1251, when little more than ten years old, Margaret, eldest daughter of Henry in. who was a year older. She died in February 1274-5, and was buried at Dunfermline, He married, secondly, at Jedburgh 14 October 1285, Yolande, Com t esse de Mont fort, daughter of Robert i\%, Oomte de Dreux- He was killed by a fall from his horse at Kinghorn 19 March 1285-6, and was buried at Dunfermline. His widow married, secondly, May 1294, Arthur ii,, Duke of Brittany* He had by his fli^et wife : —
1, Alexander^ Prince ol Bcotland* born 21 January 1263-4 j
died vita patris s. p. 17 January 1283-4 at Lindores* He married at Roxburgh, 15 November 1282, Mar- guerite, daughter of Guy, Count of Flanders: who married, secondly, Renaud i. Count of Gueldres*
2. David, born 20 March 1272-3, d, s, p, June 1281.
3- Margaret^ born at Windsor 28 February 1260-1; married, August 1281, to Eric Magnusson, King of Norway, who married, secondly, in 1293, Isabel Bruce, sister of King Robert i. Margaret, died at Tons- berg, 9 April 1283, and was buried at Christ Kirk, Bergen, Norway, leaving an only cliild : —
Margaret^ * the Maid of Norway^* of whom hereafter.
^ Scottish Antiquary t Ix* 47.
THE3 KINGS OF SCOTLAND 7
Maegabet ' the Maid of Norway,' born witliin a year previous to 9 April 1283: ack now lodged heir to tlie Scottish throne by the magnates of Scotland iu Parliament at SeoDe^ 5 February 1283-4, succeeded her grandfather Alexander in. j was betrothed to Edward, Prince of England, C November 1280; left Norway for Scotland in the autumn of 1290, and died at Orkney about 20 September 1290, A * False Margaret ' who claimed to be the princess was burned at Nordoese, Bergen^ in 1301,
After au interregnum from 26 September 1290 the Crown of Scotland was awarded by Edward i, of England^ who had been called in to adjudicate, to —
JOGCK Bauol, eldest son of Jolm de Baliol, of Barnard Oastle by his wife Bevorgtlia, third daughter of Alan, Lord of Galloway, and Margaret, daughter of David, Karl of Hunt- ingdon {see ante p. 4). Born about 1250, ho married before February 1280-1 Isabella, daughter of John de Warenne^ Earl of Surrey, He was aw^arded the Crown of Scotland 17 November 1292, and after a short reign abdicated 10 July 1296, After being a prisoner in Euglaud for three years he retired to France^ where he died in April 1313, He left two sons :—
1, Edward, afterwards declared King of Scotland by the English in September 1332, but fled from the kingdom after a reign of eleven weeks. He is said to have died g. Pi 1363, but a letter by King Edward in., of date 20 May 1370, seems to imply that he was then alive/
2. Henry ^ slain at Annan 16 December 1332 s. p.
Aft^ a turbulent interregnum of upwards of nine years the Crown was seized by
Robert i., de Brus, or ' The Bruce,' Earl of Carrick and Lord of Annandale (see these titles) ; born at Writtle, near Chelmsford, 11 July 1274 : chosen one of the guardians of the kingdom 19 August 1299 : assumed the sovereignty and was crowned at Scone 27 March 1306, He finally achieved the independence of Scotland, and after an eventful reign of
> Col, of Dim., Iv, No, 160,
r"T
8 THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
twenty-three years died at Oardross 7 June 1329, and was buried at Dunfermline. He married, first, about 1295, Isahella^^ daughter of Donald, tenth Earl of Mar, by whom he had an only child.
1. Marjorie^ who was married to Walter, High Steward
of Scotland. She died 2 March 1215-16, leaving one
son, who eventually became king as Robert ii.
King Robert married, secondly, in 1302, Elizabeth,
daughter of Richard de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, who died at
OuUen 26 October 1327, and was buried at Dunfermline, by
whom he had : —
2. Matilda^ married to * a certain squire * Thomas Isaac.
She died 20 July 1353, and was buried in Dunfermline, leaving two daughters : —
(1^ Joanna^ married to John, Lord of Lorn. (2) CcUfierinef d. 8, p,
3. Margaret^ who was married in 1343 to William, Earl of
Sutherland (see that title)^ and died some time before November 1547.*
4. David, afterwards king.
5. Johfiy died in childhood.
King Robert had several illegitimate children : —
1. Sir Robert, killed at Dupplin 12 August 1332.'
2. Nigel of Oarrick, killed at the battle of Durham 17
October 1346.
3. Margaret, who was married to Robert Glen, and was
alive 29 February 1363-4.
4. Elizabeth, who was married, before 1365, to Sir Walter
Oliphant of Aberdalgie.
5. Christian of Oarrick.
David n. Born at Dunfermline 5 March 1323-4 ; crowned 24 November 1331 ; went to France in 1334 wh«re he and his queen remained for seven years, returning in 1341. Taken captive by the English at the battle of Durham 17 October 1346, he was a prisoner in England for eleven years, regaining his liberty in 1357. He died after a reign
1 She is also called Matilda in a warrant by Edward 1. 13 October 1206, CcU. of Docs,, li. 850. « Reg. FapcU Letters, m. 68, 264. « In Scottish Kings a Walter of Odistoun is erroneously inserted after Bobert owing to a mistake in the preface to the Exchequer RoUs, vol. i., cxxiz., note 8. He was not a son of King Robert. Ct Scottish Antiquary^ xiv. 147.
THE JONGS OF SOOTLAKB
9
LOf upwards of H years on 22fiil February 1370-1, and was
^turied at Holy rood. It may be noted that the charters grauted by him after 6 June 1352 are dated one regaal year ehort of their true date. He married, first, when in his
'fifth year, on 17 July 1328, Joanua, daughter of Edward IK of England; she died 14 August 1862«
He married, secondly, about 20 February 1303-4, Margaret, diaiughter of 8ir Malcolm Drummond, and widow of Sir John Ix)gie of that Ilk. The king divorced her about 20 March 1369-70, but she obtained a reversal of this decision from the Pope at Avignon. She died after January 1374-5. David 11. left no issue by either wife, and was succeeded
*by his nephew Robert, High Steward of Scotland, and son of his haU-sister Marjory Bruce.
THE STEWART KINGS
The traditional account of the descent of the family of Stewart from Banquo, Thane of Lochaber, and through him from the ancient kings of Scotland, is now generally dis- credited. The research of recent years makes it more certain that the Stewarts or Stuarts are of Breton origin, descended from a family whiGh hehl the office of Senescal or
' Steward of Dol, under the Counts of Dol and Dinan, in Brittany (to whom it is supposed they were related) in the eleventh century/
In the Chartulary of the Abbey of St. Florent we find in 1080 and agaio in 1086 ^Alanus Senescallus" or * Alan us
Dapifer Bolensis,' witnessing grants of land to the Abbey, of which he was himself a benefactor, as is proved by a deed (ante 1080), to which liis brother Fledaldus consents, gran ting to the Abbey a site for a church. From another
I deed it appears he had a third brother Rivallon, who entered into religion as a monk at Meznoit. Alan the Senescal
1 engaged in the crusade of 1097, and died apparently with- out issue. The lands and office of Senescal of Dol reverted to Fledaldus or Flaald, who had a son :— Alun^ who appears to have accompanied Henry i. to Hagland. Alan Fit^-Flaald apx>ears in the English records
* See BouiuVs Origin o/iftc Stewarta ; DQmmda^ TeimnU of Glaueester- ^Mhirtt etc.
10
THE KINGS OF SOOTLAND
as Sheriff of Shropshire and otherwise from 1101 onwards* He founded Spoiie Priory in Norfolk as a cell of 8t. Sautnur in Brittaoy before 1122, and further proof of his Brittany connection is afforded by the lives of his descendants.
He married Aveiina de Heading, by wliom he left tliree sons: — 1< Jordan^ who inherited the family states and office of Senescal of Dol in Brittany and the lands of Burtorit Tux ford, Warsop, etc*, in England.*
He appears in the English Pipe Rolls as a landowner in Lincolnshire 112^30, and in 1130 in an agree- ment with the Abbot of Marmontier in Brittany. He is there styled ' a valiant and illustriouH man,* and his wife is named Mary, He left two sons:—
(1) Jordan^ * the son of Jordan the son of Alan,* who restOTtsd lo the church of Sele (a c^\l of St* Flore nt de SauiDiir), the mtn at Burton which the monks had eiyoyed in the time of * Alftnj fllJi FIftaldl ' and of ' Jordan I patris meL* He appears to have died «« p^
(a) Alan^ who succeeded his brother Jordan, and who with hU wife Joan confirmed to the Priory of Marmontier a grant by his grandfather Alan FitE-Flaald of the title of the lands of Burton* He alao figures in the Brittany records a^ * AhiBum niium quondam Jordan i* Dolen^em Senescanum/ and In a BtUl of Pope AieJtander- tii» he figures as Alan ^ a noble maUf Senescal of Dol* son of Jordan deceased,' grant- ing to the Abbey of Tlron aJl his rights In the Church of Tronchet, etc,, and the Churchea of Sharrington^ Tuxford, and Warsop In England,^
By his wife Joan he left a son and two daughters :— I. Jordan, who died a. p* iL Olitfe^ who appears as owner of Sharrlngton In
England in 1227. iti« AlicieLt who was married to William Spina, aon of Hamo, and appears In the Brittany records a3 in possession of the lands and office at BoL'
2, William Fitz-Alan^ Lord of Oswestrie in Shropsliire.
He was ancestor of the English bouse of Fitz-Alan* His grandson John Fitz-Alan married Isabel, second daughter of William, third Earl of Arundel,* by which marriage the honours of Arundel came to bis descendants.
3, Walter^ * the son of Alan,* appears in the English
* Liber Niger Scaccarii,' about 1154, as vassal of
^ Round's SiudieB in Peerage and Family History, ^ Ibid*, W» ' Ibid., 130 n. * Tiemey'a History of AruTideL
THE KINGS OF SOOTLANB
* William the son ol Alan of Salopscire,* for lands of tJi« value of two knights' fees. In a charter of 1185 William the eon of Alan and Walter the bod of Alan appear a.8 benefactors of the order of Kaights Templai's, WiUiam Fitz-Alan supported David i. of Scotland in asserting the rights of the Empress ftfattida to the English throne, and his brother Walter Fitz-Aiau seema to have accompanied David into Scotland, and to have been identical with the
* Walter the son of Alan ' who appears as Higli Stewart of Scotland in the reign of David i. and Malcolm iv. This 18 rendered more sure bj the fact that in 1335 that office was claimed bj Richard Fitz-Alan » Earl of Arundel (descended of William Fitz-Alan above mentioned), as his by hereditary right, ^ the real holder, Robert Stewart, the representative of Walter Fitz-Alan the original grantee, having been tem- porarily dispossessed by the English.
On his creation as High Stewart of Scotland he also received great estates in the lowlands of Scot- land from King David U In 1157 King Malcolm iv, ratified the giants of the office of Stewart of Scotland to his family, and added greatly to his possessions to support the dignity while travelling in the service of the Grown. In 1164 he repelled an invasion of Renfrewshire. He founded Paisley Abbey — the foundation charter of which further proves his connection with Shropshire by showing that the monks to carry on the work were brought from thence, and tlmt it was dedicated /titer alios to St. Milburga of Wenloc in Shropshire. He died in 1177,' leaving by his wife Eschyna de Molle, widow of Robert de Oroc* and daughter apparently of the Thomas de Londoniis, whose son Malcolm was the first Door- ward of Scotland, Alan^ who carried on the family and its honours. ' Si7non^ brother of Walter the son of Alan,' appears as a witness in the foundation charter of Paisley Abbey* To him the Boyds, who bear the same arms as the Stewarts^ trace their
» CaL of Boca, relating to Scotland, ill. 237, No* 1300, " Chronica de Maiiraa, S8. ' Lives of ths LiTvisaj/s^ L 34 ?i.
12 THE KINGS OF BOOTLAND
descent, but there seems to be no proof of this, and no other notice of Simon is known.
Alan, son of Walter, and second High Stewart of Scotland, is supposed to have accompanied Richard Ooeur de Lion to the Crusades. He is said to have married Eva, daughter of Swan, son of Thor, Lord of Tippermuir and Tranent, but this seems to be founded on a mistaken read- ing by Duncan Stewart of a charter in the Register of Scone.* He died in 1204, leaving at least two sons : —
1. David^ who appears as a guarantor of King Alexander's
engagement to marry the Princess of England ; and
2. Waltbr, who succeeded his father as High Stewart.
Walter, third High Stewart, was the first to adopt the name of his office as a surname. He was appointed Justiciar of Scotland by Alexander u. in 1230, and negotiated that king's second marriage. He is said by Duncan Stewart to have married Beatrix, daughter of Gilchrist, Earl of Angus, but no proof has been found of this, and he died in 1241,' leaving issue :—
1. Alsxandbr, his successor.
2. John, killed at Damietta 1249.
3. Walter, married Mary, younger daughter of Maurice,
Earl of Menteith, and became Earl of Menteith {see that title). He appears to have died soon after 13 June 1292, leaving two sons : —
(1) Alexander, his successor in the earldom, whose representation
ultimately merged in the Ducal House of Albany by the marriage of his great-granddaughter to Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany.
(2) Sir John, who was ancestor of the Menteiths of Busky and
Kerse.
4. Euphemia, married Patrick, sixth Earl of Dunbar.
5. Margaret, who is said to have been married to Nigel
or Neil of Galloway, Earl of Oarrick.
6. Elizabeth, or according to others, Beatrix, stated to
have been married to Maldouen, Earl of Lennox.
7. Sir Robert Stewart of Tarbolton and Oruxton is said
to have been a son of this Stewart. So also is William de Ruthven, ancestor of the
^ Liber de Scon, No. 125. The person referred to being Alan, son of Walter Buthven. Cf. the charter cited, and the Chartulary ofLindorea, Scot Hist Soc Ed. 30, 2i4. * CAnm. de Mailroa, 151.
THE KINGS OF SCOTLANB
t8
ButIiT6Q6, but this 19 fouDded oq a mJBtaketi read- ing of the Scone charter referred to above.
Alsxander, fourth High Stewart, designated of Dun- "donald, was born in 1214, and in early life joined the Orusaders. In 1255 be appears as one of the Regenta of Scotland during the minority of Alexander in. In 1263 he commanded the right wing of the Scota army at Largs, when the Xoraeraen under Haco were completely routed. He played a prominent part in other matters during the reign of Alexander ni., and died in 1283, leaving two sons and a daughter. His wife is said to have been Jean, daughter of Jaines» Lord of Bute. 1. James, bis successor,
2* Sir Joliti, who married Margaret, daughter and heiress of Sir Alexander de Bonkyl in Berwickshire; fell at the battle of Falkirk* leaving a numerous family of sons and one daughter : — tl) Sir Ahj^and^r, ancestor of the StewartSt Eart« of Angus* (2) Sir Alan^ anciistor of Uie Stewarts of Damlejr, Earls of
I^ennox. (S) Sir WaiUr^ ancestor of the Stewarta of GarUes, Earls of GaUowaji and the Lords Blantjre.
(4) SirJaTneB, ancestor of the Stewarts Lords of Lom^ the Earls of Atholl, Buchan^ and Traqtiair, and the Stewarts of Appin and Grand tuUy.
(5) Sir John of Daldar, died tf. pA
(6) Sir HugK and f7) ^V Robert are also said to ha-ve been sons, bnt of their
desceadanta nothing is certainly knOTm* (8) TsoM, married to Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray. ^
I Elizabeth^ married to Sir William Douglas of that Ilk,
called 'Le Hardi/ and was the mother of the *Good
Sir James ' Douglas.^
Jambs, fifth High Stewart, was born about 1243. He was one of the six guardians appointed in 1286 on the death of Alexander ni„ aud in 1292 was one of the auditors appointed bjr Bruce to represent him in his claim for the drown of Scotland, He was in 12&2 one of the leading men who opposed the attempts of Edward i, to destroy the inde- pendence of Scotland, and was present with Wallace at the
' BaU^*s AnnaU, 11* 30, ' CL Andrew Stuart's History and charter tn D&ugla9 Book, ill 14. * Barbour's Brus (Spalding ClubX 261 ; Andrew Stuart's Hiatonf, L4,
1
14 THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
battle of Stirling in 1297. He died in 1309, a few years after the younger Robert Bruce had definitely asserted his claim and had been crowned lOng of Scotland. He married Egidia, sister of Richard de Burgh, Earl of Ulster,' and had issue four sons and one daughter : —
1. Andrew^ a hostage for, but who predeceased his
father.
2. Waltbb, his successor.
3. Sir John, killed at the battle of Dundalk with Edward
Bruce in 1318.
4. Sir James of Durisdeer, died s. p.
5. Egidia or Oiles, married to Alexander de Meyners or
Menzies, ancestor of the family of Menzies.
Waltbb, sixth High Stewart of Scotland, was born in 1292. In conjunction with Sir James Douglas he com- manded one of the divisions of the Scottish army at Ban- nockburn in 1314, and in the following year received from King Robert i. the hand of his daughter the Lady Marjorie, in marriage. He took part in all the principal episodes in the War of Independence against Edward n., notably in the defence of Berwick against a great English army, and acted as Regent of Scotland during lOng Robert's absence in Ireland. He died on 9 April 1326 at the early age of thirty-three. According to Douglas he married, as his first wife, Alice, daughter of Sir John Erskine, by whom he had a daughter Jetm, married to Hugh, Earl of Ross, but there is no proof of this, and Hugh, Earl of Ross, married a sister of King Robert Bruce.
The Stewart's first wife, so far as recorded, was the Lady Marjorie Bruce, by whom he had an only child —
1. Robert, afterwards King Robert ii.
He married, secondly, Isabel, sister of Sir John Graham of Abercorn, by whom he had two sons and a daughter : —
2. Sir John of Railston or Cunningham, who died at a
great age, leaving : — (1) Sir WcUter, who succeeded him.
^2^ Sir John. Both sons seem to have died without issue. (3) Marjory, married, first, to Sir Alexander Lindsay of Glenesk;
and second, to Sir William Douglas of Lugton, by whom
she had at least one son.
» Cf. Cal. Doc. Scot., ii. No. 847.
THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
15
(4) Egrdia^ mairled to Sir Fn trick Graham of Kincardine &h<l
Dixndair, and became ancestress of the Graham^^ Earle of Stratheam*
(5) Margaret^ m&rried to Sir John Hay of Boyne and Enzte,
Touch, and TuUibody. Her daughter Egldla waa married before H26 to Alexander Seton^ afterwards Earl of Huntlj,' and became tiie ancesirese of the Setoiig of Touch*
Z. Sir Andrew^ of whose descendaotSf If any, there 19 do record.
4. Egidia^ who was thrice married ; first, to Sir James Lindsay of Crawford; second, after October 1357, to Sir Hugh of EglJDton ; and third (contract October 1378), to Sir James Douglas of Dalkeith,
ROBKRT n. first king of the House of Stewart, was born 2 March 1315-16, and w^as declared heir-presumptive to the throne on 3 December 1318.
He fought at Halidon Hill in 1333 at the age of seven- teen, and was the first to raise tlie standard of freedom after that disastrous battle. Encouraged by hia example other leaders joined him in his efforts to expel the English, and in 1338 he was choaen Ouardlan of Scotland during the absence of King David ii, in France, He was present in the ill-advised raid into England, which resulted in the battle of Durham, 17 October 1346, where the king was taken prisoner. The High Stewart commanded one of the divisions of the Scots army, and after routing the force opposed to him was overwhelmed by numbers and com- ]ieUed to withdraw- He succeeded in saving the wreck of the army, with which, as Guardian for a second time, he continued to maintain and assert his country's inde- pendence* On the death of bis uncle David lu he suc- ceeded to the throne as Robert ii,, 22 February 1370-1, In this reign the succession to the crown of Scotland was deflnitely settled by Parliament,* King Robert died at Dundonald^ 19 April 13M, and was buried at Scone, He married, first, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Adam Mure of Rowallan (dispensation by Pope Clement vi., 22 November 1347), and had by her : —
L JoHK, who succeeded him on the throne as RoBEBTin.
2, Walter^ married Isabella, Oountess of Fife^ and died about 1362*
< Maoch, BoUSr iv,« preface clxx:sTf it-cscflL * Aetu Part. Seat., i, 548.
1«
THE KINGS OF SOOTLANB
3. Robert^ DuXe of Albany, {See that title,)
4. Alexander^ Eai'l of Buchan, {See that title,)
5< Margaret, married (dispensation by Pope dement vi, dated at Avignon 18 KaL July 1350, as they were related in tbe thu'd and fourth degrees of aMnity) John, Lord of the IslesJ
0, Marjorie^ married (diBpensation by Pope Urban v,, 11 July 1371) to John* brother of George of Dunbar, Earl of March. They were created Earl and Countess of Moray, March 1371 -2, {See that title.)
7. Elizabeth^ married to Thomas Hay^ Constable of
Scotland.
8. Isabella^ was married first (by dispensation 24 September
1371), to James, Earl of Douglas; second, between 1388 and 1390, to Sir John Edmonstone, ancestor of the family of Duntreath/
9* Jean^ was manned first, to Sir John Keith, eldest son of the Marischal ; second, to Sir John Lyon, by whom she became ancestress of the Earls of Strathmore ; ^ and third, to Sir James Sandilands of Calder, and became ancestress of the Lords Torphichen. {See these titles.)
King Robert ii, married secondly, Euphemia^ daughter of Hugh, Earl of Ross, and widow of John Randolph, third Earl of Moray (dispensation by Pope Innocent vi., 2 May 1355)* By her he had : —
10* Davki^ Earl of Strathearn. {See that title.)
IL Walter^ Lord of Brecliin and Earl of AthoU. (See that title,)
12, Egidla^ *a werey beautifull lady,'* who in 1387 was married to Sir William Douglas of Nithsdale with issue.* {See titles Douglas and Orkney,)
13* Jean (Katherine* or Elizabeth), married about 1380 to Sir David Lindsay of Glenesk, flrst Earl of Crawford,
* CalCTuiar of Papal Megivters, Letters, liL 381. * Douglas Book-t L 273, » The Red Book of Menteith, SI ; I^^t. Com. Report, ilv., Ap. lii. p, 180, * Balfour's Mss. * The DoMglas Book^ L 355, ** Dr, Burnett menfcians In his Preface to the E^scheqmr Molls^ iv. p. clxv!, a Lady Catherine Logant wife of Sir Robert Logan of Restalrig, wham he presumes to have be«n a daughter of Robert ir., on the authority of a charter quoted by Dunean Stewart^ granted by Robert nr„ * dike to fratri oao Roberto Logatid, mOitl/ 5 Noir. 1394. {Beg. Mag. Sig., 19 Jan. U78-9>
THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
17
Robert n. had also a aumber or illegitimate sons, eigbl of whom are named in the records of the time.
1. Sir Jokn Stewart^ created Heritable Sherifl of Bute,
aDcestor of the Marquess of Bute, the Earl of Wharo- clif! and their cadets.
2. Thontas Stewart^ Archdeacon of St. Andrews, Dean
of Dunkeld.'
Z, Alexander Stewart^ Canon of Glasgow.
4- Sir John Steii^art of Dundonald, Lord of Burley, He WES Olerk of the Audit and Captain of Dumbarton Castle, where he was killed in the attack on the tow n in 1425 by his grandnephew James, son of Murdac^ Duke of Albany.
5. Alexander Stewart of Inverlunan.
6* James Stewart of Kinfauns.
7. Sir John Stewart of Cardney.
8. Walter Stewart.
Robert hi. wbm the title taken by Robert ll.'s eldest jmn John, in deference to popular feeling. He was born ibcmt 1337. The Elarldom of Carrick was conferred on him ^'I>avid II. in Parliatoent at Scone on 22 June 1368, and on 27 March 1371 he w^as declared in Parliament to be heir to the OrGwUp He succeeded his father 10 April, and was crow^ned at Scone 14 August 1390, His eldest son was ap- pointed King^s Lieutenant 27 January 1398-9, as the king Fwaa * unable to govern.' King Robert married, about the year 1367, Annabella, daughter of Sir John Brummond of Stobhall, who was crow^ned at Scone 15 August 1390, and died there in the autumn of 1401, He died at Dundonald .on 4 April 1406, about the time when his eldest surviv- Hng son James was captured by the English, and was buried in the Abbey church of Paisley, having had issue : —
1. Damd, born 24 October 1378, created Duke of Rothesay 28 April 1398, and appointed Lieutenant or Governor for his father by a General Council at Pertli on 27 June 1398-9, He was affianced fh^st to Euphemia Lindsay, sister of David, first Earl of Oi'awford, and then to Elizabeth of Dunbar, tlaugliter of George, Earl of March,' but in February 1390-1400 he married
1 CaU of Papal BegisttTB^ FHition^^ I, 551, t ICO. VOL. 1-
t Live-a of the Lind^ay^f
18 THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
Marjory, daughter of Archibald, third Earl of Douglas. He died without issue on 26 March 14Q2 at Falkland, and was buried at Lindores. He was popularly believed to have been starved to death by his uncle, Robert, Duke of Albany. His widow married about 1403 Sir Walter Ebtliburton younger of Dirleton, afterwards Treasurer of Scotland, and died about 1420.» "2. Robert^ who died in infancy.^
3. Jambs, afterwards James i.. King of Scots.
4. Margaret^ who was married to Archibald, fourth Earl
of Douglas and Duke of Touraine in France, She died before September 1456, and was buried in the church of Lincluden.'
5. Mary^ who was married, first, in 13&7, to George
Douglas, Earl of Angus ; second, in 1409, to Sir James Kennedy;* third, to William, Lord of Graham; and fourth, in 1425, to Sir William Edmonston of Oulloden/ She was dead in 1458, and was buried in the parish church of Strathblane/
'6. Elizabeth^ who was married to Sir James Douglas of Dalkeith.
7. Egidia.
King Robert iii. had also two illegitimate sons : —
1. James Stewart of Kilbride.'
2. Sir John Stewart of Auchingowan and Ardgowan,
ancestor of the Shaw Stewarts of Ardgowan and Blackball.
Jambs i., third but only surviving son of Robert in., was born at Dunfermline in December 1394. He was captured at sea by the English on 4 April 1406 on his way to France, and was retained a prisoner till 28 March 1424. Shortly before his release he married Joan, daughter of John Beaufort, first Earl of Somerset. He was crowned at Scone 21 May 1424, and reigned till 21 February 1436-7, when he was assassinated at Perth tlirough the agency of his uncle Walter Stewart, Earl of AthoU.
By his wife he had :—
1 Ikniglas Book, I. 354. « See Excfiequer Rolls, iv. 171. ' IMd., vi, 196. * Douglas Book, II. 22. « Ibid., 23. « Ibid. ^ Exch. Rolls, Iv. 175.
THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
19
1, Aie^tander^ born 10 October 1430, ciiecl in infancy.
2, James, a twin with Alexander, afterwarJs king.
3, Margaret^ born 1424, married 24 Jnne 1430 to LoniB, Dauphin of France, afterwards Louie xi. She died without Lssne 16 August 1444.
4, tsabeJlUy married, as his second w^ife, to Francis i-, Duke of Brittany, 30 October 1442.
5, Joaft, *the dumb lady' (contracted 18 October 144fl with a tocher of 3000 marks to James, third Earl of Angus, who died before September 1146) ; she was married 1458-9 to James Douglas of Dalkeith, Jlrst Earl of Morton, (Sec tlutt title.)
6* Eleanor^ born 26 October 1427, married to Sigisinund Von Tirol, Duke of Austria, brother of the Emperor Maximilian i, on 12-24 February 1449 ; died s, p* s* 4 March 1496.^
7, Mavy^ married in 1444, to Wolf art Van Borselen, Count of Grand Pre and Lord of Oampvere in 5!ealand, He died in 1487, having married secondly, 17 June 1468, Charlotte de Bourbon-Montpensier.
8. Annahellu^ married fh^st, 14 December 1447, at Stirling, to Louis, Count of Geneva, son of Louis, Duke of Savoy. From hiiti she was divorced owing to the Intrigues of the King of France, and sent home with E mlatium of 25,000 crowns in 1458-^ Before 10 ^larch 1459 she was married, secondly, to George Gordon, second Earl of Huntly, from whom she was divorced 24 July 1471,^ No reference to any issue 18 made in the divorce. Her later history is very obscure*
Queen Joan after her husband's death married Sir James Stewart, * the Black Knight of Lorn,' She died at Dunbar 15 July 1445,* and was buried in the Charterhouse of Perth,
James il, known as 'James of the Fiery Face,' from a red birth-mark on his cheek, was born 16 October 1430 ;
* GeneatoQie der in, Buropa Regicrtnder Ffirsienhails^t, K. vtm Bthr. * Dr. Btimett in the Preface to Exth, RolUr r. 6:2, treats this tis a be- trothal only ; but see Biddeirs Ei$t* Tract s, fi^ The Records of AiM}yne, 307t iOi^ and authorities there quoted. ^ Regards of Ahoy nf^ 380 ; Ltrint/
20 THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
crowned at Holyrood 25 March 1437, married 3 July 1449,* Marie, only daughter of Arnold Duke of Oueldres. King James n. was killed at the siege of Roxburgh Castle on 3 August 1460, by the accidental bursting of a cannon, leaving by his queen, who died in Edinburgh 1 December 1463, and was buried there in the Church of the Holy Trinity, four sons and two daughters: —
1. James hi. his successor.
2. Alexander^ created Earl of March in 1455, and Duke
of Albany in 1458. (See that title.)
3. Davids Earl of Moray, died when about three years of
age.
4. Johfiy Earl of Mar, who died unmarried in April 1479.
He had been warded by his brother James iii. on a charge of treason, and died in prison.
5. Mary^ married first, to Thomas, Lord Boyd, and second,
(Papal dispensation 25 April 1474) to James, Lord Hamilton, by whom she had : —
^1) James, second Lord Hamilton (see title Arran), and (2) Elizabeth, married to Matthew Stewart, second Earl of Lennox.
6. Margaret^ who was proposed as bride for the Duke of
Clarence and for Anthony, Earl Rivers. She is stated to have been married to William, third Lord Orichton, and by him had a daughter Margaret, Lady Rothes (see that title)^ but whether in wedlock is uncertain. King James ii. had also an illegitimate son : — John Stewart of Sticks and Ballechin, ancestor of the Stewarts of Ballechin, in Perthshire.
James hi. was born at Stirling on 10 July 1451. Suc- ceeded his father, James ii., 3 August, and was crowned at Kelso on 10 August 1460. On 13 July 1469 he married at Holyrood, Margaret, daughter of Christian i., King of Den- mark, the Orkney and Shetland Islands being pledged to Scotland in payment of her dowry. King James's reign was disturbed by rebellions on the part of his brothers and his nobility, in the course of which he was taken prisoner in 1482, and at last was murdered after the battle of Sauchie-
» Exch. Rolls, V. 127.
THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
21
Imm In Stirlingsliire on 11 June 1488, and was Ijuiied in tlie Abbey of Cambiiskeaneth, By Ins wife, who died 14 July 14S0, and was buried in tlia same Abbey, he liad tluree tRiiis; —
1. James, who succeeded him*
2. James^ bora March 1475-6, was created Marquess of Ormoiid soon after birtli, raised to the dignity of Duke of Koss in 1488. {Hee title Ross.)
3. Jo/ni, born api>arently Beceraber 1479, received Im UQCle'3 Eaiidom of Mar in I486, and died in Marcli 1502-a,
jAUtLBS IV, 'of the Iron Beit' was born on March 17, 1472-3. He had taken part in the war of tJie rebel lords against his father King James iii,, and after the uiurdor of the latter w^as crowned at Scone in June 1488* In his reign the See of Glasgow was made an Archbiglioiiric, and the University of Aberdeen founded. He was killed at the Battle of Flodden, 0 He|jtember 1513. He inarrieil (dispensa- tion by Pope Alexander vi., Rome, 28 July laOO) Mar- garet Tudor, eldest daughter of Henry viu, King of Eng- land and sister of Henry viu., at the Abbey Church of Holyrood, 8 August 1503, and by her had issue: —
1, Jnmes^ born at Holy rood House 21 February 1506-7,
died 27 February 1507-8.
2, A daughter, born 15 July 1508, died youug-
3, -4rt?rtir^ born at Holy rood House 20 October 1509, died 14 July 1510,
Jamks, afterwards James v. A daughter born 1512-13, died young, Alexander^ Buke of Ross, born in Btirling Castle after his father's death, died aged two years, and was buried at Cambuskennetli. Queen Margaret Tudor was marrietl secondly, at the Chapel of KinnouU in August 1514, to Aruhibahl Douglas, Earl of Angus, by whom she had a daugliter. She obtained a divorce from him in March 1526, on the ground of an alleged pre-contract, and in that year was married thirdly to Henry Stewart, created Lord Methven 17 July 1528, a younger son of Andrew, second Lord A v and ale. She died at Methven 18 October 1541, and was buried in the Oar-
4fi^/
22 THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
tbusian Monastery of Perth. By her second husband she
had a daughter.
1. Margaret Douglas^ born at Harbottle in October 1515, married 6 July 1544 to Matthew Stuart, fourth Earl of Lennox. (See that title.) She died at Hackney, 9 March 1577-8, having had two sons who survived infancy : —
(1) Henry^ Lord Damley, the second husband of his cousin
Mary, Queen of Scots.
(2) Charles, Earl of Lennox, father by his wife Elizabeth,
daughter of Sir William Cavendish, of the unfortunate Lady Arabella Stuart, who married Sir WUliam Seymour, after- wards Marquis of Hertford, and died 8, p, a prisoner in the Tower, 27 September 1616.
King James iv. had several illegitimate children.
1. Alexander Stewart (son of Margaret Boyd, a daughter
of Boyd of Bonshaw). He was born about 1493 ; was created Archbishop of St. Andrews between July and September 1504-5. In 1507 he went abroad and studied under Erasmus. Returning in 1510, he was appointed Chancellor of Scotland in June 1510,* and fell by his father's side at Flodden in 1513.
2. Catherine Stewart^ a daughter of Margaret Boyd, was
married to James Douglas, third Earl of Morton.
3. James Stewart (son of Janet Kennedy, daughter of
John, second Lord Kennedy). Bom about 1499, he was created Earl of Moray in 1501, and in 1535 became Lieutenant-General of the kingdom. He married Lady Elizabeth Campbell, only daughter of Colin, third Earl of Argyle, and died 12 June 1544, leaving a daughter (see title Buchan).
4. Margaret Stewart (daughter of Margaret Drummond,
daughter of John, first Lord Drummond, whom, it was feared, the king would marry, and who, it was alleged, died of poison.) She was born 1497, and was married, first, to John, Lord Gordon, and secondly, to Sir John Drummond of Innerpeflray.
5. Janet Stewart (daughter of Isabella Stewart, daughter
of James, Earl of Buchan). She was married to Malcolm, third Lord Fleming. She was in 1551
* Treasurers* Accounts, lii. Iv, per index ; Acta Dominorum ConcUii, xxi. ft 178-192.
THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND XI
mistress of Henry u.. King of France, by whom she had a son Henry, *ie Batard d'An^ouleme, abbe, poete et capitaioe, un des meurtriers de Saint Bartb^lemy/^
, popularly known as *the poor man's King/ tt Jjiolithgow, 10 April 1512, He sncceeded his father, and was crowned at Stirling in September 1513, He w*as in tutelage of liis stepfather, tlie Earl of AngiiB, and of his mother, Ms nearest agnate John, Duke of Albany, being * Governor of Scotland' until 1524. The King waa declared to liave * Authority Royal ' 14 June 1526, and twa years afterwards he threw off the yoke of the Douglases.
The Session, or College of Justice, was instituted at Edinburgh, 27 May 1532, ratified by a Bull of Pope Paul in, (Rome, 31 March 1535), and approved by the King and the tliree Estates, 14 March 1540-4L Several persons were burned for heresy in this reign. A war with England ending in the rout of the Scots at Solway Moor on 24 November 1542, the King died of grief at Falkland, 14 December 1512, and was buried at Holyrood House, Ha was made Knight of the Garter by his uncle, Henry vni, of England ; of the Golden Fleece, by the Emperor Cfharles v, ; and of the Order of S. Michael by King Francis i. of France,
King James v* married, first, 1 January 1536-37, at Notre- Dame in Paris, Madeleine de Valois, eldest daughter of Francis i„ King of France, She, who w^as born August 1520,* died of consumption at Holyrood, 7 July 1537* He married secondly (by proxy in Paris 1538), at St, Andrews in June 1538, Marie de Lorraine, daughter of Claude, Due de Guise,^ and widow of Louis d'Orleans, Duo de Longueville, She was crowned Queen in the Abbey Kirk of Holyrood House, 22 February 1539-40, and was Queen Regent during her daughter's early years. She died at Edinburgh Oastle, 10 June 1560. By her he had issue : —
1. James^ born at St. Andrews, 22 May 1540, died in infancy at Stirling, and was buried at Holyrood in 1541.
> Be Hoble's Prem4h^e Jmtnesae de MarU Shw-rt^ 85-7, LmtEfle de Savoys.
' Journal of
24 THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
2. Arthur^ born at Falkland, April 1541, died in infancy,
and was buried at Holyrood.
3. Mart, Queen of Scots, who succeeded her father. Several illegitimate children of King James v. figure in
the records of the time. By Elizabeth Shaw, daughter of Shaw of Sauchie, he had a son : —
1. James Stewart ^ * Senior,** whom he appointed to the
office of Oommendator of the Abbeys of Melrose and Kelso. He died without issue 25 Sept. 1557.' By Margaret Erskine, daughter of John, fourth Lord Brskine, he had : —
2. James Stewart^ * secutulua,' born in 1531.' He had a
charter of the lands of Tantallon and others, 31 August 1536.^ He was appointed Prior of St. Andrews in 1538, and from his half-sister, Queen Mary, the Prior received the Earldom of Moray on 30 January 1561-62, and the Earldom of Mar on 7 February same year. On 22 August 1567 he became Regent of Scotland, and was assassinated at Linlithgow by Hamilton of Bothwellhaugh on 23 January 1569-70. {See title Moray.) By Christina Barclay James had a son : —
3. James Stewart^ * tertius^^ who apparently died 8. p. By Euphemia Elphinstone,' daughter of Alexander, first
Lord Elphinstone, James had : —
4. Robert Stewart^ Oommendator of Holyrood, married
Jane Kennedy, daughter of Gilbert, Earl of Oassillis, in 1561, and was created Earl of Orkney, 28 October 1581. (See that title.) By Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Oarmichael, he had: —
5. John Stewart^ Prior of Ctoldingham. He married, 28
December 1561, Jean, daughter of Patrick Hepburn, third Earl of Bothwell. He is styled on 22 June 1563 Lord Darnley.'^ (Sec that title^ and also Stuart, Earl of Bothwell.)
1 Reg, Mag. Sig., 31 August 1536. « Acts and Decreets, xix. f. 238. 3 The papal bull appointing him to the Priory of St Andrews in 1638 speaks of him as in his seventh year. Orig. in Qen. Reg. Ho., No. 61. * Beg. Mag, Sig., 31 August 1536. ^ Ibid, at date.
THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND 25
By Elixabetli Stewart, daughter of JoIib, tliird Earl of JXennox, he had : —
6, Adam Stetoart^ Frior of the Cliarter House at Perth^ married Janets one of the four daughters of William Ruthven of Banendean, Blie died 1006 J
There was another son also caUed
7* Rohert Stewart^ * secundus^* Prior of Whithorn. He is nientloaed as the brother of Eobert^ Earl of Orkney, uncle of James vi., in a charter of 16 January 1581 » granting the Priory to Patrick Stewart, son of that EarL'
James v. had at least two illegitimate daughters : —
8. Jean, Her mother wan Elizabeth Bethnne, one of the Creich family^ according to some autlioritiee the daughter of David Bethune, the Treasurer ,^ but according to othersi the daughter of his son John,* Jean was married to Archibald, fifth Earl of Argyll, in 1554, but was divorced from him in 1573, As proxy for Queen Elizabeth she stood gotlmolher to James vi, at his christening in 1566, and was sentenced by the General Assembly to make a public repentance for this in the Chapel Hoyal of Stirling. She got letters of legitimation under the Great Seai as 'Oomitissa de Argyll,' 18 October 1580.^ (See title Argyll),
9. Margaret J another daughter, is mentioned in a con- tract in the charter-chest of the Earl of Home, wherein the Master of Home is proposed as her husband.*
Mary, Queen of Scots, only surviving child of King lames v* by his wife Marie de Lorraine, was born at fLinlithgow 7 or 8 December 1542, and became Queen when only seven days old. Attempts \vere made by the English King, Henry viii,, to secure the young Queen *s hand for his son (afterwards Edward xi,)^ and in pursuance of this policy his lieutenants invaded and ravaged Scotland, The last battle fought between Scots and English took
< Edin^ Ttst». * Etg. Mag, Sig. * Wood^f^ East Nmk, 2nd ed., 123. * Nisbet*fli7*mi^r|^, ed. 1816, vol, U* App, 183 ; Macfarlane, Gen, CoL, Scot, iHlsL Soc,. i, 31. * Eeg, Mag. Big. ^ HUt MSS. Cojnm. Report, xiU. ' App. 7UL SO and U.
26 THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
place at Pinkie, near Edinburgh, 10 September 1547, and on 7 August 1548 Queen Mary was sent for safety to France. On 24 April 1558 she was married to the Dauphin Francis, son of Henry n. of France and Catherine de Medicis. On 10 July 1559 she became Queen of France by the accession of her husband as Francis ii., but her reign lasted little more than a year — King Francis dying 5 December 1560. The widowed Queen Mary returned to Scotland on 19 August 1561, and on 29 July 1565 was married to her cousin, Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley, eldest son of Matthew Stewart, Earl of Lennox, and Lady Margaret Douglas, daughter of Queen Margaret Tudor. {See James iv.) Henry, Lord Darnley, King of Scots, was, after an unhappy married life, murdered at Edinburgh on 10 February ^1566-67, leaving an only child, afterwards Jambs vi.
Queen Mary fell under the power of James Hepburn, fourth Earl of Bothwell, to whom she was married at Holy- rood, 15 May 1567, and created Duke of Orkney. Dissension with the nobility ensued, and the Queen was made prisoner and detained in the island castle of Lochleven, where she remained until 2 May 1568, when she effected her escape.
During her captivity she abdicated 24 July 1567 in favour of her infant son, her half-brother, James Stewart, Earl of Moray, being appointed Regent. Her adherents met the Regent's troops in battle at Langside on 13 May 1568, but suffered a decisive defeat, following upon which the Queen fled into England. There, on various pretexts, she was detained prisoner by her cousin and rival. Queen Elizabeth, till 1586, when she was tried, condemned, and beheaded at Fotheringay Castle, in Northamptonshire, on 8 February 1586-87. Her remains, after being buried in Peterborough Cathedral, were afterwards removed to King Henry vn.'s chapel, Westminster Abbey.
Jambs vi. was born in the Castle of Edinburgh on 19 June 1566, and became King of Scots on his mother's abdication on 24 July 1567. Three of the four Regents who held the reins of government during the King's minority met violent deaths; James, Earl of Moray (the King's uncle), being assassinated at Linlithgow on 23 January
THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
27
1569-70; Matthew Stuart, Earl of Lennox (tlie King's gramifatlier)^ being shot near Stirling on 4 September 1571 ; wLiile James Douglas, fourth Earl of Morton, was beheailed oa 2 Juue 15S1.
Kiog James assume^l the Royal power on 15 July 1578, but waa captured anU detained in Ruthven, near Perth, by tite Earl of Gowrie, the Earl of Mar, and the Master of t«lamis, from 22 August 1582 to 27 June 1583, For hia HJiare in this and a later treason the Earl of Gowrie was beheaded in the following year.
On 22 October 1589 King James set sail for Benmark, and at Upslo on 24 November 1589, married Anna, second daughter of Frederick n<, King of Denmark and Norway,
On the death of Queen Elizabeth on 24 l^larch 1002-3 James succeeded to the throne of England in virtue of his descent from Henry ni. of England, through his great- grandmother, Margaret Tudor, that King*3 daughter. He wa« proclaimed at the Cross of London on 24 March 1602-3, as ^ James i-. King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland/ and similarly at the Cross of Edinburgh on 31 March 1603, and under the same style he was formally anointed and crowned in Westminster Abbey on 28 July 1603,
Queen Auna died on 2 March 1618-19, and the King him- self on 27 March 1025, leaving issue: —
1. Henry Frederick^ Duke of Rothesay and Prmce of
Wales, born in Stirling Castle on 19 February 1503-4, who died unmarried on 0 November 1612,
2, EUsdbeth^ born 19 August 1596, was married at
Whitehall 14 February 1612-13, to Frederick w, Count Palatine of the Rhine {Zu Simmern), King of Bohemia, who died 9/19 November 1632, She died in London, 13 February 1661-2, having had issue who survived early youtli : —
(1) ChmHes XouCf, Elector Pdlnilnei from wboae daughter EUxa^ l^eth Charlotte, Duebeas of Orleans, the House of Bourixjn- Orleans descends,
(i) Muperti the cavaUer * Prince Rupert/ who took service under hU uncle. King Charlee U He died 1BS2, without imxie*
(3) Mauricf, also a cav&Uer leader, lost at sea In the West Indies 1654.
(4) Md^aard^ became a CathaUci and married Anne de Goneaga of Biantua, by whom he had three daughters.
I 3
28 THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
(5) Philipf died unmarried, killed in the Fronde wars at the
battle of Bethel in 1650.
(6) Elizabeth^ Abbess of Hervorden, died unmarried, 8 February
1680.
Cn Charlotte,
(8; Louise HoUandinef entered into religion, and became Abbess of Maubisson in France, died 11 February 1709.
(0) Henriette, died s, p. 18 September 1651, married, three months previously, to Sigismund Racoczy, Prince of Transylvania (Siebenburgen), who died 11 February 1652. (10) Sophia^ the youngest child, bom 13 October 1630. As nearest Protestant relative she was, on 22 March 1701, declared heiress to the Crown of Great Britain. She was married, 30 September 1658, to Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick- Luneburg and Elector of Hanover, who died 13/23 January 1608. The Electress died 8 June 1714, and was succeeded in her rights by her son.
George i., who became King of Great Britain in 1714 according to the Parliamentary Settlement, and from whom the present Royal Family are descended.
3. Margaret Stewart^ born in the Castle of Dalkeith 24
December 1598, and died in infancy.
4. Oharles, who succeeded his father as King Charles i.
5. Robert^ born at Dunfermline 18 January 1602; died
there 27 May same year.
6. Mary^ born at Greenwich 8 April 1605; died 16
December 1607.
7. Sophia^ born at Greenwich 22 June, died 23 June
1606 ; buried in Westminster Abbey.
Charles i., born at Dunfermline 19 November 1600, suc- ceeded his father on 27 March 1625, and soon after his accession, espoused by proxy at Paris 11 May, and personally 22 June 1625, Princess Henrietta Maria de Bourbon, daughter of Henry iv.. King of Prance. Civil discord broke out in Scotland in 1637, and gradually taking the form of open war, spread into the neighbour- ing kingdom, continued for a period of ten years, and culminated in the deposition of the king and his execution at Whitehall on 30 January 1648-9.
By his Queen, Henrietta Maria, who was born 25 November 1609, and died at St. Colombe 10 September 1669, King Cliarles had four sons and four daughters, viz. : —
1. Charles^ Duke of Cornwall, born 13, buried 14 May 1629.
THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
2. Oharlss, afterwards King Charles ii,
3. JjJCBS, Duke of York and Albany, afterwards King
James vii.
4i Henry, Duke of Gloucester, born 8 July IMO, ami died unmarried 13 September 1660,
5. Mary^ Ijoni 4 Noveml>er 1631* Slie was married 2/12 May 1641, to William of Nassau^ Prince of Orange (who died 6 November 1650), by whom she had one 800, William^ afterwards King William iii. She died in London on 24 December 1660»-
6i Elizabeth, born 28 December 1635, and died of grief at Qirisbrook Ca.stle on 8 September 1650.
7. Afiiwj, born 17 May 1637^ and died In infancy*
8- Katharine^ born and died 20 January 1638-9.
9, Renrietki Anna Maria^hovn 16 June 1644, was married 31 March 1661 at the Queen of Engiand*s chapel in Paris, to PblUp, Duke of Orleans, brother of Louis xiv,. King of France, by whom, at her death, June 30^ 1670, she left two daughters : —
(1) Mary Louisa^ bom 1 611:2, married to Charles tL, Kln^ of Spain, and d. b. p. IfiBU.
(^ Anne Mary, bom 1600, a nd died 172S^ havljig been married to Victor Amadeus n,, Duke of Savo)% afterwards Ring of Sardhiia Their desceDdants include most of the Catholic reign L&K houi$es of Europe to-day, and since the cleAth of Henry, Cardinal of York, represent the direct line of the Eoyal Hotise of Stewart.
Charles n. was born 29 May 1630, succeeded his father on 30 January 1648-49, but the kingdom being then in the handB of the *RepublicanB' under Oliver Cromwell^ who governed with the title of Protector, hia early years were spent in exile- The Scottish Presbyterians distrusting Oraniwell and the English Independents, had invited Charles to assume the Crown of Scotland, and though tbeir army was defeated by Cromwell at Dunbar, 3 Sept- ember 1656, he was duly erowned King of Scots at Scone on 1 January 1650-51, Invading England, however, his army was dcfeatal by Cromwell at AVoreester on 3 September 1651, and the young king had to seek safety abroad. Soon after tlie death of Cromwellj Charles was restored to Im kijigdoni , and entered London on his thirtieth bii^thday,
' Set Behr'a GeneaioQie.
^
■^-" -
{
3
30 THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
29 May 1660. He married, 31 May 1662, Donna Catherina, Infanta of Portugal, born 25 November 1638, daughter of John IV., King of Portugal, sister of Alphonso vi. and Pedro II., successively kings of Portugal. King Charles u. died 6 Februai*y 1685 leaving no issue by his queen, who retired to Lisbon, where she died 31 December 1705. He had, however, many illegitimate children, viz. : — 1.^ James^ Duke of Monmouth and Buccleuch, bom 9 April 1649, son of Lucy Walters, known as * Mrs. Barlow,' who accompanied the King into exile, and for a time was reputed to be married to him. She died in Paris 1658, when her aunt Anne, wife of John Busfield, was administratrix as next of kin {vide title Buccleuch).*
2. Mary Walters, a daughter of Lucy Walters. It is
doubtful if she was fully acknowledged as the king's child, though she received a pension. She died in 1693, having been married first, to William Sarsfleld of Lncan, Ireland, and secondly, to William Fanshaw, Master of Requests, and had issue. She was reputed to have the power of * touching for the king's evil.'
3. Charlotta Jemima Henrietta Boyle, alias Fitz Roy,
a daughter of Elizabeth Killegrew, Viscountess Shannon, born about 1650. She was married first, to James Howard, grandson of Theophilus, Karl of Suffolk, and second, to William Paston, afterwards Barl of Yarmouth, and died 28 July 1684, having had issue by each.
4. Charles Fitz Charles (by Katherine Peg, daughter of
Thomas Peg of Yeldersley), born in 1657, during his father's exile, and created Earl of Plymouth 1675. He married Bridget, daughter of Sir Thomas Osborn, Duke of Leeds, and died at Tangier s. p. 1680.
> The Duke of Monmonth is generally believed to have been the eldest natural son of King Charles ii. There was, however, a certain Don Jacobo Enrico de Bove Stuardo, who at Naples in 1609 claimed to be the king's son, bom in Jersey in 1646, his mother being * Donna Maria Stuardo deUa famlglia deUe Baroni di S. Marzo.* He left by his wife Donna Theresa Corona a son. Prince Don Giacomo Stuardo, whose * rights * were recognised at Naples in 1715. and who was living there in poverty in 1747. (Brit. Mus. Addit. Mss. 20,646. Duflftis Hardy's Venetian MSS. Reports.) * A. Fea*s King Monmouthy 22,
THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
31
5- Cat ft eW we Fitter Charles (also by Katherine Peg) died un married,^ apparently the same as the Katherioe or Oiarlotte Fitz Oharles who (as Dame Cecilia) becanie a Benedictine nun at Dunkirk, and died 'very aged* in 1759,^
6. Charles Fttz Roy sod of Barbara Tilliei's^ daughter
aiid heiress of William Vi Hie rs. Viscount Grandison in Ireland. She was createtl Baroness Nonsuch, Countess of Southampton, and Duchess of Cleveland in 1670, with remainder to her sons Oharles and George Fitz Roy. Charles was born 1662, created K.G. 1673, DuJke of Southampton 1675, and succeeded his mother as Duke of Cleveland 1709, He died 1731, having married, first, Mary, daughter of Sir Henry Wood, w^ho died s. jj. in 1680 j secondly, Anne, daughter of Sir William Poultney of Misterton, by whom he liEid issue.
7. Henry Fitz Roy (also by Barbara Villiers) born 1663,
created Baron Sudbury, Viscount Ipswich, Earl of Boston, and Duke of Grafton, 1675, K-T- 1689, Vice-Admiral of England 1(J82< He died from a wound received at the siege of Cork in 1600. He married Isabel, daughter and heiress of Heury Bennet^ Earl of Arlington, by his wile Isabella of Nassau, and was ancestor of the Duke of Grafton-
8. George Fitz Roy (also by Barbara Villiers) born 1665,
created Baron Pontefract and Earl of Northumber- land 1674, Duke of Northumberland 1682, and K,T. 1683, He died s. p. 1716.
9. ilnfte Palmer or Fitz Roy (eldest child of Barbara
Villiers), born 2 February 1661 ; acknowledged by the king with her sisters by warrant 28 February 1672-3. Married 16 May 1674 to Thomas Lennard, Earl of Susses, and died 16 May 1722, leaving issue,
10. Charlota Fitz Roy (by Barbara Villiers), born 1661, was married in 1676 to Sir Edward Henry Lee, Earl of Lichfield, and died 17 February 1717-18, leaving issue.
IL Barbara Fitz Roy by Barbara Villiers, born 1672, She engaged in an intrigue with James, fourth Duke
» ffer. and Gm. lllAli-W. ^ G, E, a Complete Peerttge, vi. 3eL
82 THE KINGS OF SCX)TLAND
of Hamilton (then Barl of Arran) and was mother of Oharles Hamilton ^ Oomte de Arran/ bom at Oleve- land House 30 March 1691. She retired to France and entered into religion in 1691. She became Prioress of St. Nicholas Priory at Pontoise in 1721, and died there 6 May 1737.*
12. Charles Beauclere (by Eleanor or Nell Gwynne, an actress), bom in 1670, created Barl of Burford 1676, and Duke of St. Albans in 1684, Oaptain of the Band of Gentlemen Pensioners, 1693, K.G. 1711, and died 1726. He married Lady Diana Vere, daughter and sole heiress of Aubrey de Vere, twentieth and last Earl of Oxford, from whom descends the family of the Dukes of St. Albans.
13. James Beauclere (also by Nell Gwynn), born 1672, and died in France 1680.
14. Charles Lennox^ son of Louise de Kerouaille, a French lady in waiting to the Duchess of Orleans, created Duchess of Portsmouth, who was created by King Louis xiv. Duchesse d*Aubigny in France with special remainder to her son. Born 1672, created Baron Settrington, Earl of March, and Duke of Richmond 1675, and Baron Methven, Earl of Darnley, and Duke of Lennox. He succeeded his half-brother the Duke of Monmouth as Master of the Horse, and died 1723. He married 1692-3 Anne Brudenell, daughter of Francis, Lord Brudenell, son of Robert, Earl of Cardigan, by whom he had issue, and was ancestor of the Duke of Richmond and Gordon.
15. Mary Tudor (by Mary Davis, actress), born 1673. She was married, first, to Francis Ratclifl, Earl of Derwentwater, with issue ; secondly, in 1705, to Henry Graham of Levens, M.P. ; thirdly, in 1707, to James Rooke, and died 5 November 1726.
James, third son of Charles i., succeeded his brother as James vii. and ii. He was born 14 October 1633, and created Duke of York 27 January 1643-4, Earl of Ulster 10 May 1659,
^ Herald and Genealogist, iii. 415.
THE KINGS OF SOOTLANT)
3a
[ «Dd Duke of Albany 31 December 1660. He married, flrst, [Anne Hyde^ eldest daughter of Edward, Earl o( Olareodou^ [Lord High Chancellor of England, who died 31 March 1671, I and by whom he had : —
1* Charles^ born 1660^ created Duke of C^iti bridge, and
died in infancy. 2< Mary il, born 30 April 1662, was married 4/14 Nov- ember 1677 to William, Prince of Orange. Tiiey were declared by Parliament 13 February 1688-9 King and Queeo of England ^ France, and Ireland, crowned 11 April 1689f and declared King and Queen of Scotland the same day. The queen died 28 December 1694, and William in. reigned as king until his deaths 8 March 1701-2. 3- Jame»^ born 11 July 1663» created Duka of Oarahridge 23 August 1664, died at Richmond 20 June 1669.
4, Anne, horn 6 February 1664-5, was married 28 July 1683 to Prince George of Denmark, son of King Frederick iii,, who died without surviving Issue 28 Kovember 1708, She was declared heir to the throne 13 February 1688-9, succeeded in 1702, being crowned queen on the 23 April. She died 11 August 1714, Her only child who survived infancy was : —
(1) WUliam, bom 21 July 1680^ styled Duke of Gloucesterp died
m July 1700.
5. Charles^ Duke of Kendal, born July 1666, and died a child.
6, Edgar^ Duke of Cambridge, born September 1667, and
died aged four.
7. Henrietta^ born January 1668-9, and died young-
8. Katharine t born February 1670-1, and died young.
He married, secondly! Mary Beatrice Eleanor D'Este, daughter of Alphonso, Duke of Modena, by Laura Martinozzi^ niece of Cardinal Mazarin. She was l^orn 5 October 1658, and was married to Duke of York by proxy at Modena and afterwards on 21 November 1673. She died at St, Germains 7 May 1718, leaving issue ; —
9, Katharine Laura^ born 10 January 1674*5, and died an
infant* 10. JmbelUi^ born 24 August 1676, and died 2 March 1680-1. VOL, I. 0
iiiiriiita
34 THE KINGS OP SCOTLAND
11. Charles, Duke of Oambridge, born 7 November 1677, died in infancy on the 12 December.
12. Elizabeth, born 1678, died young.
13. Charlotta Maria, born 15 August 1682, died in infancy.
14. James Francis Edward, Prince of Wales, born 10 June 1688. See below.
15. Louisa Maria Teresa, ' la Oonsolatrice,' born at St. Germain-en-Laye 18/28 June 1692, died 18 April 1712.
King James vii. had also several natural children.
1. James Fitz James (by Arabella Churchill, sister to John,
Duke of Marlborough). He distinguished himself at the siege of Buda in 1686, and his father created him Baron of Bosworth, £larl of Tinmouth, and Duke of Berwick in March 1686, and K.G. September 1688. On his father jgoing into exile in 1688, he accompanied him abroad, and entered the service of France, for which he was outlawed in 1695. He rose to the rank of Marshal of France, Grandee of Spain, and Knight of the Golden Fleece. He was killed in the wars between the Emperor and France in 1734. He married, first, Honora Bourke, daughter of William, Earl of Clanricarde, who died in 1698. He had, with other issue, a son, ancestor of the present Dukes of Berwick and Alba in Spain. He married, secondly, Anne Bulkeley, daughter of Henry Bulkeley, and his wife Sophia Stuart, granddaughter of Lord Blantyre, and sister of Frances Stuart, Duchess of Lennox, by whom he had issue two sons, one of whom was ancestor of the Due de Fitz-James in France.*
2. Henry Fitz James (also by Arabella Churchill), born
1673. He entered his father's navy, but following him abroad, was outlawed in 1695. He thereafter became Admiral of the French galleys, and died in France 1702, having married Marie Gabrielle d'Audi- bert, Oomtesse de Lussan (who, in 1707, married John Due de Melfort), by whom he had a daughter who died young.
3. Henrietta (also by Arabella Churchill), bom 1670,
married to Sir Henry Waldegrave of Chewton, created
* See Tableaxix G^nSalogiques et Hisioriqices de V Empire Brita/n nique. F. Baron de Beder, Hanover, 1890.
THB KINGS OF SCOTLAKD
35
In 1686 Lord Waldegrave, and died in 1730 leaving issue. 4p Ignatia Fttz James (also by Arabella OhurcluU), became a nua at Pontoiiie in 1690^ and died there 7 November 1704, aged thirty/ 5» Kdthnrhie Dnrnley^ by Katherine Sedley, daughter of Sir Oharles 8ecUey, BaroDet, id 1686 created Baroness of Darlington and Countess of Dorchester, born 1682. Her father conferred on her the rank of a duke's daughter, and she was married to Jamee, Earl of Anglesey in 1609, but was separated from him (hy whom she had had a daughter) on account of his cruelty. She was married, secondly, in 1705, to John Sheffield, Duke of Buckingham and Normanby. Sbe died 14 March 1743. Owing to civil ami religious discords, King James vii, abandoned his tlirooe, which was then offered to his son-in- law, William, Prince of Orange, in 1688, King James re* tired to France, and died at Paris 16 September 1701,
James Francis Edward^ his only surviving son, was by
t!ie orders of Louis xrv, of France proclaimed King of Great
Britain at Paris, and is generally known as the * Olievalier
de St. George.' He made an attempt to recover his throne
in 1715, but wnn unsuccessful, and resided afterwards at
Itome. He married at Monteliascone, September 1719,
Clementina Sobieska, daughter of Prince James SobieskI, son
uf John, King of Poland. She was born 6 July 1702, and died
W December 1735. Tiie Chevalier himself died at Rome
I January 1766, having had issue two sons ; —
It Charles Edward Limls Castmir^ born at Rome 31
December 1720. In 1745 he, as his fatlier*s Hegent,
made a spirited but unsuccessful attempt to regain bis
herjtageof Scotland and England,beinglinally defeated
at the battle of Culloden in 1746. His wanderings in
Scotland were followed by the sad life of an exile
abroad. He died at Rome, styled Oharles iii. by
the Jacobites, but unrecognised by the Pope, 31
January 1788- He married at Macerata, 17 A[iril 1772,
Louise Maxim iliane-Emanuella, eldest daugliter of
Prince Gustavus Adolphns of Stolberg Guedero, and
^ Herald and Gtnealogwt, in(f , si^p.
36 THE KINGS OF SCOTLAND
great-granddaughter of Thomas (Bruce), Earl of Ailes- bury, but by her had no issue. She was separated from him, is known as ^ ia mia Donna ^ of Alfleri the poet, and died as Oountess of Albany in Florence, 29 January 1824.
Clementine - Marie - Sophie - Walkinshaw, styled * Comtesse d'Albestroff,' daughter of John Walkinshaw of Barro^'field, joined the Prince during his wandering life and was Houjours traite et regard^ dans le public comme son Spouse, portant le mgme nom que le Prince et faisante les honneurs de sa maison,' until she retired to a convent, dying at Freibourg, November 1802. By her he had a daughter
Lad^CharMte Stuart^ baptised at Li^ 29 October 1758, whom he adopted, legitimated, and created Dachess of Albany. She died unmarried at Bologna, in NoTember 1780.
2. JBTenry Benedict^ styled Duke of York, bom 6 March
1724-5, he entered into Holy Orders, and was made
a Cardinal. He assumed the title of Henry ix. on
his brother's death, and struck medals bearing the
legend ^ Gratia Dei sed non voluntate hominum.' He
had a pension of £4000 from King Greorge in., and died,
the last male of his line, at Frascati, 13 July 1807.^
Ar^is. — Or, a lion rampant gules, armed and langued
azure, within a double tressure flory counterflory of the
second : round the shield the collar of the Order of the
Thistle.
Crbst. — A lion sejant full-faced gules crowned or, hold- ing in his dexter paw a naked sword proper, and in the sinister a sceptre both erected paleways.
Supporters. — ^Two unicorns argent crowned with imperial and gorged with open crowns, to the last chains affixed passing betwixt their fore legs and reflexed over their backs or, he on the dexter embracing and bracing up a banner charged with the Royal Arms of Scotland, and he on the sinister another banner azure charged with a saltire arg^it. MoTTORS^ — In defens. 'Semo me impmne lacesait.
[a. f. s.]
[j. K. S.] [j. B. P.] • Lord Brare's mss*. /f >?. Jf^^ Com. Report.
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABEBCORN
m\
OR the origin aod antiquity of the illustrious house of Hamilton reference is made to tlie article Duke of HamHtou. The Earls of Abercorn, the repre- Rentativee of the house in the male line, belong to a family who are not the least distinguished of the name. Their imme- diate predecessor was a man eminent in his day, of whom we now treat.
Lord Claud Hamilton y fourth and youngest sou of James, Becond Earl Oliatelherault ^ was born dated 5 December 1553
of Arran, and first Duke of about 1543. By a papal bull he was appointed Oommendator of the Abbey of Paisley by Pope Julius in. on the resignation of his uncle John Hamilton, a natural son of the first Earl of Arran. The biilP calls him fourteen years of age, but as he is found granting a charter on 6 August 1564' with consent of his father as tutor, it is clear he must have been under age at that time, so that he cannot have been born earlier than 15^* He also enjoyed the offices of Dean of Dunbar,* Canon of Glasgow and Prebendary of Oambuslang.^ As was to be expected from his family cotmections he became a strong adherent of Queen Mary, and on Iier escape from the castle of Lochleven 2 May 1568 he met her with fifty men and conveyed her first to Nlddrie and then to Hamilton/ and at
' Meff, Mag, Big.* 30 January 1553-4* ^ Quoted at length in I/ees' Hist of ihs Abbey o/Paial^t App, N. clxxxliL * Eeff* Mag^ Sig,^ 24 March 1S74-5. « Ibid., 24 January 1565-6. ^ Ibid,, 10 March 1573-5. « IHumal of Oceurrenfs, 139.
38
HAMILTON, EAEL OF ABEROORN
tlie battle of Langsitle on 13 May following commanded tlie vanguard of her army. He was in consequence declared a traitor and sentence of forfellnre pronounced against him in Parliament fl August 1508/ The abbey fell into the |M>?i9essiou of Lord Sempill, and the former commendator was cast upon his own resources. His uncle the Archbishop of St. Andrews was hanged at Stirling in 1571, and on 4 September that town was surprised bj Lord Oaud and four hundred companions shouting: -Hamilton, God and the queen^ think on the Bishop of St. Andi'ews,' After a temporary success they were repulsed, not, however, before the Regent Lennox was shot through the back by a Captain Oalder, who afterwards alleged that the deed was done at the instigation of Olaud Hamilton and Huntly.^ Hamilton after this5 led an active and troubled life for some time vainly endeav oaring to get his Paisley possessions imder his hands again: at last, in February 1572-3 he was admitted to the benefits of the Pacillcation of Perth :^ a pardon was issued to those who had been concerned in the death of tlie Regent Lennox, and Hamilton was restored to his posses- sions, though not till force had been used to compel Lord SemplU to give them up.* As the Regent Morton gi-ew in power he did not forget his enmity against the Hamiltous, and succeeded in getting an Act of Council passed on 30 April 1579,^ ordering tlie immediate execution of the old acts against Lord Olaud and his brother John, the seizure of their estates, the apprehension of their persons, and what- ever armed action might be necessary for these purposes. These two were really the heads of the great Hamilton party, as ttieir elder brother the Earl of Arran was hope- lessly insane/ Although they garrisoned their castles of Hamilton and Draff en, they did not dare to remain and resist the overwhelming forces sent against them« Lord Olaud after some time fled to the north of England,' and threw himself on the protection of Elizabeth, who Inter- ested lierself so far in the matter as to send an envoy to Scotlaud to plead for him, but without success.* In October 1570 an act of forfeiture was passed on him in
< Acta pari Sct>L, UL M. > Six JAmea MelTUle's Memoirs, 242, » P, a Ii^,t IL 103. * Ibid., 2AU * Ibid., Iv. prtf, xlx. lid « IMd., 151, leg n. 7 Spotawood, 30t. » P, C. Eeg,t Iv. 180 n.
HAMILTON. EARL OF ABEROORN
3d
rll&ment/ He joined the party of tlie ^ Banished Lords *
in tbelr futile attempt to upset the supremacy of ArraD, and
[his heavy bonds of caution were forfeited/ In October 1584*
[fiamiltoii succeeded in returning to Scotland by a private
Irrangement with the king, but he was of too much im-
srtance in the eyes ot Arran to be permitted to remain,
Imnd though he was virtually in the custody of the Earl of
IHuntly during his residence in Scotland^ he was, on 6 April
1 1585, ordered to take his departure to France. The fall
of Arran. however, soon after tiiis date rendered his stay
abroad but short, and on 10 December there was a general
»act for the restitution of the Banislied Lords and their ftdhereots/ He was at the same time admitted as a member of the Privy CoxmoiV He returned to Scotland In January 1585-6,* and took his seat ^iiid oaths. He con- tinned to take an active part in the politics of the time. iThe Abbey of Paisley was erected into a temporal barony, l&nd he was made a peer of Parliament under the title of IIjORD PAISLEY 24 July 1587/ As he grew older he re- [tired from public Life, obtaining in 1598 a commission for Itus eldest son to act for him,^ In 1597 he was visited at PaMey by the Queen, and on 24 July 1617 by James vi* iself. It is said that at one time he wa^ not unsuspected luf witclicraft/ He died in 1621, having married, 1 August 11574 (contract dated 15 and 16 June 1574),'** Margaret^ daughter of GeorgCt fifth Lord Seton,'' by Isabel, daughter of Sir William Hamilton of Sanquhar, High Treasurer of Scotland, and by her, who died in March 1616, bad issue three children who died in iofaucy : — . i, Margaret t died 23 December 1577, aged three months
^B and twenty-two days.
^K 2, Henry ^ died 15 March 1585, aged three months and ^B two days.
3, Alex€mder, died 21 November 1587, aged eight months and tliree days< All buried in St, Mirren*s Ohapel,
I
* Aiita Pari Scoi., Ul. 125, » P. C\ Etg,, i(L 650, 058, 665, ^ tIiIh date giv^n \nEtg. Sec. Si(/., LC*, f. 30 b,» though Cald<*rvvoodaay8 4 Norember* Aeia ParL Scot., Hi. 383, and a special act of indemnity to Lord Claad. J^id, 308, * IHd., 378. " Calderwood, tv. 491, ' Eeij, Mag. Big., ^ Mnrcb 1501^2, ^ L«e s Mist of PaUley Abbtu, 234. ^ Tytlcr'a HUL, y\\, I'' J^. of D^ds, xiti. t lU. *i Maltland s HUL of the Htmae of OIK 4a
40
HAI^ULTON, EARL OF ABBROORN
Paisley Abbey;* and tlie foUowing who attamed maturity t —
1. James, created Earl of Abercorn.
2, Sir John Eamilton, married Johanna, daughter of
Levjmue Everard, Councillor of State to the King of 8pain» in the Province of Mechlin, (who was married secondly, as his second wife, to Robert, fourth Lord Sempill, who died in 1611 ; thirdly, to Captain Patrick Cra^urd of Tredonell, co- Donegal ; and fourthly, ta Sir George Marbury, and dying 14 Jime 1638 at Letterkenny, was buried there in Conwall Church),* and by her had an only daughter : —
(1) Margaret, married in 1662, aa his second wife, to Sir Arthi- bald Acheson of Clonekeamey or Glencairnej*t CO* Artnagb, Secretai-y of State for Scotland, created a baronet of Nova Scotia, 1 Jatiuat^ 162S, aneefitOF of the Earl of Goafoid.
3< Sir Claud Hamiltan of Shawfleld, co. Linlithgow, a Gentleman of the King^s Privy Chamber, appointed 11 February 1613 a member of the Privy Council in Ireland,* was granted as an undertaker the small proportions of Killeny and Teadane or Eden, con- taining together 2000 acres in the barony of Btrabane and county of Tyrone to hold lor ever as of the Castle of Dublin in common soccage/ A warrant was issued, for a new grant 16 August 1614, but he died in
1 I,ee*a ffist, 213, - Funeral entry, UUtei-'s Office, > Calm^
dar of State Papers (Irel&nd), He is confounded by Lodge with Sir Claud Hamilton of Castle Toome, in the county of Antrim, eldest son and heir of Sir Claud Hamiltou of Cocknogh, and brother of Archi- l>ald Hamilton, Archbishop of Cashel 1510 to 1650* It was this Sir Claud who, by privy seal| dated at Westminster 6 October 1618, was made Constabte of the C^astle or Fort of Toome on the surrender of Sir Thomas Phillips. By hl& first wife he had no issue* He manied, secondly, Anne, daughter of Sir Henry C^illey of Castle Carber^'t ^ the county of Klldare, and had a son Robert^ who died an infant, and three daughters. He died^ 5 June 1640^ at Roscrea in the county of Tlpperary, and was buried in the monastery there, (Funeral entry, Ulster*© Office,) He is not to be confused with Sir Claud Hamilton, second son of Sir Alexander Hamilton of Innerwick, who was granted the lands of Olonyn, otherwise Taghleagh^ in the county of Cavan, by patent dated 23 Jiind 1610, and died i4ta jyatris lief ore February I^IB. He married Jane, daughter of Robert Lauder of the Baas^ and left, with other issuer Sir Francis Hamilton of Killsgh, otherwise Castle Hamilton, co, Cavan, who was created a Baronet of Nova Scotia 2JJ September 1628* * laqutsition at StrabanCi 5 Oct. 5 Can t> This grant is not enroUed.
HAl^ULTON, EARL OF ABEROORK
41
Dublin 19 October 1614,^ admin isiratioii of his estate^
wherein he is described as of Baldony in the county of
Tyrone, being granted to his son William 28 November
1629/ He married Janet, daugliter and lieir of Sir
Robert Hamilton of Leckprevick and Easter Green-
lees/ and by her (who died in September 1613) had
gi3C sons and three daughters : —
(l)Sir Williain of ManorEHestoD^ co. Tjrone, was bom about 130i,
being about fourteen yeara old when the Kiog» on SO October
1018,* direct-ed the Judges to admit him to suffer a common
recovery against htm and his heirs^ being informed tbat it
was the intention of Sir Claud to confer his landa on bia
second »oa, Alexander, but the King by bis letter^ dated at
WeatmlnsteT^ 20 May 1625, directed him to be restoired to
the two pFoporttona of KiLlenyand Teadan notwithatandiaig
the fine and recoverj' sutfered against him and Mb betrs by
hia uncle, Sir George Hamilton, Kiiight» to the use of hia
brother Alexander and Sir George Hamilton, inasmuch aa
the privy seal, dated 2B October 1618, was obtained from
want of due Information and upon false and scandalons
ffii^OStlonSt he being only a minor fourteen years of
age.^ These lands were by patent, dated 20 November 1020,
granted to Sir William, being at the same time erected into
the Manor of * Elie^towne,'^ so named from the lands of that
name, co. Linlithgow, which belonged to Sir Williani.^ He
died 10 May 1001^ He had a charter on W June 1611 of the
landa of Schcillig and others, co. Lanark.^ By his will,
dated 1 May 1662, and proved 12 February 1664/^ he ordered
Ma body to be buried in the Church of Baldony or Gorttntas
he should afterwards appoint He married flrst, Elisabeth,
daughter of Sir James Johnston of Johnston by Sarah
Maxwell, eldest daughter of William, sixth Lord Herries
(«etf that title and Annandale), and by her had two sons and
two daughters i^^ —
1. Sir James of Manor Elieston, who is styled lieutenant of a company of foot in the castle of Stirling on 4 Sep- tember 1686, when he received a grant from King Jamea vii« of a yearly pension of £100. He married
* Valenda>r of State Papers (Ireland)* * Prerogative Court, Ireland. ' Mtg. Mag, Sig.r 28 June 1011 ; Laing Charters, No. 150^7, etc. ; Edlnr* TeolAineaitat 17 December 1613* * Patent Boll (Ireland), 17 Jac, i. p, 1 d. xcv. 19. « IMd, (Ireland), 22 Jac. L p. 1 d. Ixxxvi, 1ft « Ibid, (Ireland), 5 C*r. I. p. 3, f, 40. 7 Cf. Eeg. Mag. Sig. 21 February 1654. ^ chancery Bin (Ireland), Hamilton i*. Hamflton, 16 August 1664. ^ Beg. Mag, Sig, ^ Prerogative Court, Ireland* ** *Sir William Ham 0 ton, a good scholar, waa a Papist, and perveri:ed his wife, a daughter of Lord Ards, who had been ft F^teatant* Information of the Bishop of Derry 1630 (Calendar of Meeie Papers^ Evidently a mistake for the daughter of Lady Ards; her mother having married for her third husband Hugh, drst Viscount Montgomery of the Ards, According to Pedigrees in Ulster's Office
his flrst wife was daughter of O'DonelJ, but there seema to be no
evidence for this.
42 HAMILTON, BARL OF ABBBOOKN
first, Mary, daughter and heir of Sir Robert Jacob, Solicitor-General for Ireland 1606 to 1611, and had a son :
(i) WiUioAn of Manor Elieston, who married Deborah, daughter of • • • and died without issue, his will, dated 6 June 1700, being proved 14 July 1705.*
(ii) John of Castle Damph, county Tyrone, died without issue.
Sir James of Manor Elieston married secondly, Eleanor, daughter of Sir James Innes of Thurston,' and is said to have had issue.
ii. William of Leat, in the co. Tyrone, who is said to have married Mary, daughter of . . • Walkingshaw,* and had issue.
iii. Sarah, married to John Hamilton of Dulata, co. Tyrone, ancestor of John Stewart Hamilton, created a Baronet of Ireland 2 December 1780.
iv. Margaret, married (contract dated 1 November 1661) to Walter Innes of Ortoun.*
Sir William married secondly, Beatrix, daughter of . . . Campbell, and by her, whose will, dated 11 June 1667, was proved 6 July following,^ had two sons and a daughter :—
V. Claud of Montalony, High Sheriff of the county Tyrone 1671 and 1683, whose will, dated 1 October 1608, was proved 31 August 1605," married Isabella, daughter of . . . and had issue, with five daughters, two sons :—
(i) WiUiam of Beltrlm, county Tyrone, whose will, dated 2 May 1730, was proved 2 April 1747,^ ancestor of the family of Cole-Hamilton of Beltrim.
(ii) CRaud of Strabane, High Sheriff of the county Tyrone 1714, whose will, dated 11 June 1736, was proved 15 June 1737,^ grandfather of Sir John Hamilton of Woodbrook, county Tyrone, created a Baronet of the United Kingdom 27 December 1814.
vi. Archibald. vii. Elizabeth, baptized 20 July 1650.<>
(2) Alexander, died young. In his mother's testament he is
named next after William. So also in a bond by Sir George Hamilton, his uncle and tutor, of date 0 March 1615, which gives the sons in the order as named. ^^
(3) Robert, died before 1657, leaving two sons, living in 1663 : "—
(1) Claud. (ii) Alexander,
* Prerogative Court, Ireland. « Pedigree, Ulster's Office. ^ Ibid. * Gen. Reg. of Sasinea (3 Series), ii. 175. ^ Prerogative Court, Ireland. « Ibid. ^ Ibid. 8 Ibid. » Edinburgh Reg. of Baptisms. " Reg. of Deeds, 234, 11 March 1615. ^^ Chancery Bill (Ireland), Hamilton v. Hamilton, 16 Aug. 1664.
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABBROORN
43
tA James, died uti married.
(6) Gtorgt^ died unmarried.
(7) Marrfartt raArried, first, to Sir John Stewart of Methven, ni^taral &Oii of LudoviCi second Duke of Lounox ; and secondly, to Sir John Seton of Gargunnock.*
^ Qrisel, m&rrled to Sir Wiillam Baillle of LamlngtonJ (9) JaneL immed In ln*r mother's teatAment with her alBtera Margtvret and GrizeU
Sir George Emnilton of Greeuiaw, in the county of Tyrone, and of Roscrea, in tlie county of Tippemry, was granted tlie middle proportioQ of Largie aUuB Cloghogenall and the small proportion of Derne- woone, but this grant was never enrolled. In 1611 he was resident at Derriewoone with his wife and family, and had built a good house of timber, sixty-two feet long by thirty feet wide>^ Being a recusant papist, the king directed the Lord Deputy of Ireland to call him before Iiim, and in the event of his not conforming, to remove him out of the kingdomp* He was iu 1627 appointed a commissioner for assedsiug the sum of £1000 English on the county of Donegal. He died before 1657. His wife, on 24 February 1609, was Isobel Leslie, who is named as his wife at that date in an edict of eiecutry to her sister Agnes Leslie, both being daughters of James Leslie, Master of Rothes-* He married also, probably as his second wife. Lady Mary Butler, sixth daughter of Walter, eleventh Earl of Ormonde, and had an only surviving child,
(Q Jam^t who died unmarried, hli wUl betng proved 2 February 1658-6, and execution granted to Geoi:ge, Lord Strabaue, the sole executor.'^
5, Sir Frederick Hamilton^ a gentleman of the Ktng*8 Privy Chamber, was iu early life iu the service of Gustavus Adolphus, Kiug of Sweden- He was, on the S December 1621,^ nominated by King James i. to have
» Ada Pari, Scot, vL part I, ISO; see Neg. FM.^ L« 2 ser., for her iU^
tratttisent by her Ar^t husband* ' Lives of t/ie BaiiiieSi 40, ^ Fyunar'ii Svtrc^K. * Calendar of St aie Papers (IrelBiiid), ^ Commiasariot of Edin. Decreets* at date ; cf, Eeff. Mag. 5i> , 13 May 1610, ^ Prerogative Court, Ireland. ^ Patent RoU (Ireland), 19 Jac. Up, 2d. liv. 29.
44 HAMILTON, BARL OF ABEBOORN
the command of the first company of Horse or Foot which fell vacant in Ireland ; this direction was re- newed 10 September 1623 ^ and 29 January 1627, after which date his name appears on the Irish Bstablish- ment as a captain of fifty Foot. He obtained a com- mission, dated at Greenwich 30 June 1631, authorising him to enlist 1200 men for the service of the King of Sweden, but the death of that monarch at the battle of Lutzen, 16 November 1632, terminated Sir Frederick's service with him. By patent, 18 March 1620, he had a grant of the quarter of land called Oarrowrosse, in the barony of Dromahere and county of Leitrim, and other lands in the same county, amounting in all to 6549 acres, to hold in capite by knight's service, the whole being created the Manor of Hamilton.* In 1627 he was one of the commissioners for assessing the sum of £400 English on the county of Leitrim.' The king by his letter, dated at South- wick 18 August 1628,* granted him, on his petition, the right to nominate two baronets of Ireland, and by his letter, dated at Westminster 12 January 1630,^ directed the Lords Justices of Ireland to accept a surrender of all his lands in the county of Leitrim, as well those formerly granted as those he had purchased, and to regrant the same. He accord- ingly surrendered on 17 May 1630,^ and had them regranted the next day, with letters of denization, the whole being erected into the manor of Manor Hamilton, with the usual privileges, to hold to him, his heirs, and assigns for ever. Under the commission of remedy for defective titles he had new confirmation of his estate, 19 December 1636. He died 31 March 1646,' or end of May 1647,® when administration of his estate and that of his son James was granted, 5 June 1658, to a creditor.' He married, first, Sidney, daughter and heir of Sir John Vaughan, a Privy Councillor of Ireland, and Governor of the city and
1 Patent RoU (Ireland), 21 Jac. i. p. I d. Ixxxv. 31. 2 nna. 19 Jac. I. p, 4 d, xxvi. 38. » Calendar of State Papers (Ireland). * Ihid. * Ihid, ^ Patent Roll (Ireland^, 5 Car. i. p. 1 d. 2. ^ Inquisition p.m. at James- town, 18 June 1661. * Chancery BlU (Ireland), Hume r. Maxwell, 31 Oct. 1666. » Prerogative Court, Ireland.
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABERCORN
45
Uy of LondondeiTy, and had tJiree sons and one !«litlghter:—
(l> Prmi§riekt died urituairied l)efor© his father, being killed In the wara in Ireland.^ He was allotted JB^SST, iJa. Id, lor bis aerrtcen,
(£) Jnifies of Manor Ham U ton, died 27 December la'Sa,- married in 1647 or 1648^ his cousin Catherine, daughter of Claud, Lord Strabnne, and by her {married secondly! befortj 29 March i@«JU to Owen Wynne of Lurganboy, in the county of Leitritn, who died in 1070 ; and thirdly, to John Binghamof Castlebar, In the county of Hajo), had two daughtera and eo-belrs : —
L Sidnei/t born In 1643, died at Dublin 20 January ieS&-6, and was buried 24 January in the chancel of St. Michael's Church, matried before October 1668 to Sir John Hume of Castle Uume, in the county of Fer- managh, Baronet, and left issue.
u. Ha7inah, bom in 1051, died at Dublin 16 May 1733^ and was buried in St, Mary's Church, married to Sir William Gore of Manor Gore, co, Donegal, Baronet, and left issue.
(3) Gustmme, bom in 16*2. Entered THnity College, Dublin, B& a Fellow Commoner, 17 April 1661,^ aged nineteen » was a captain in the army in the reign of Charlea ii. had the degree of Doctor of Laws conferred upon him by the UniFerslty of Oxfonl 6 August 1077j was sworn a Frivy Ckinneillor in Ireland In 16B5, became brigadier-general 30 May 16t^ and major-general 1 November 17U3. He was created, 20 October 1715, Baron Hamilton of StackaHan, in the county of Meath, and Viscount Boyne 20 August 1717, both in the peerage of Ireland, and died 16 September 1722)* He married Ell«abeth, daughter of Sir Henry Brooke of Brookeborough, county Fermanagh, by whom he was ancestor of the present Viscount Boyne.
(i) Chri^ietnat married atColerainein IMO.os hia second wife, Sir George Monroe of Kewmore, and had issue two sons and and eight daughters. She died afl;er 1700, and was buried within the New more chapel in the chnrchyard of the parish of Hoskeen,^
Sir Frederick married, secondly, Agnea — who married secondly, before 29 March 1661, John Maxwell** Margaret i who was married (contract 11 July 1601), as his first wife, wlien he was only twelve years old, to William^ first Marquess of Douglas,^ and died 11 Beptember 1623, aged 38*
A Mho^ Account of the Familj/ of Haniilto-n. * Inquisition p,m* at ywn, 1$ June Iftil* ' Matriculation Book. * Mackenzie's Hist, of ih€ Mttnroi^t 1115. * Chancery Bill (Ireland)^ Hume f* Maxwell, 31 Oct. laoo* ^ Fr&sera Ikmglas Booh ti- ^I^
48 HAMILTON, EARL OP ABEROOBN
James, eldest son of Olaud, Lord Paisley, commonly designated Master of Paisley. Was highly esteemed by King James vi., who made him, 14 December 1598, one of the Lords of his Privy Council ^ (though he did not take his seat at the board till 10 February 1601) and gentleman of his bedchamber; and gave him by a charter, dated 26 November 1600, the office of Sheriff of the county of Lin- lithgow,' with all the fees, etc., thereto belonging, to him and his heirs-male whatever ; and by another charter, 11 July 1601, the lands of Abercorn, Braidmeadow,' etc. He was created a Peer, by the title of LORD OP ABEB- OORN, 5 April 1603,* when the lands of Abercorn were erected into a free barony to him and his heirs-male and assigns whatever. The next year, 1604, he was one of the Commissioners, on the part of Scotland, to treat of a union with England, which did not take effect; and, on the 10 of July 1606, he was advanced to the dignity of EARL OF ABEROORN, BARON OF PAISLEY, HAMILTON, MOUNTOASTELL, AND KILPATRIOK, by patent, to him and his heirs-male whatever.^
King James, purposing to hold a Parliament in Ireland, made choice of some eminent persons, capable of that honour and trust, for the nobility of their birth, and their estates and possessions in that kingdom, to assist the upper house, and to have place and voice as peers of that realm ; and therefore, by letter, from Westminster, 31 March 1613, authorised the Lord Deputy to call the Earl to the next Parliament, by Writ of Summons.' On 20 May 1615 he was appointed of the council of the province of Munster ; and had a grant of .the small proportion of 1000 acres called Strabane, and the large proportion of 2000 acres known as Dunnalonge. At Strabane he built a very strong and fair castle, a schoolhouse and church round which the town was built.^ He subsequently acquired 1500 acres, called Shean, from his brother-in-law Sir Thomas Boyd. He apparently doubled his holding in Ireland ere long, and proved himself a very energetic colonist, as on 24 August 1614 an Act of Council was passed acknowledging that he
1 p. C. Reg., V. 409. « Beg. Mag. Sig. ' Ibid. * Ibid. * He was one of the * undertakers* for the Plantation of Ulster in 1611 ; P. C. Reg., Ix. 80. 8 Patent RoU (Ireland), 5-11 Jac. i. Ixv. 36. ^ Pynnar's Survey.
HAMILTON, EARL OP ABERCORN
47
had fulfilled all his engagements for his share of 6000 acres
in the Irish PlaotatioQ and exonerating him therefrom.*
He reeeived King James in 'his great halls' at Paisley on
24 July 1017,* His last appearance at a meeting of the
Privy Oonncil wag on 24 February 1618 ; lie died in the
imriih of Monkton, a month after, in the lifetime of his
father, 23 March 1618, aged forty-three, and was buried 20
April following in the abbey church of Paisley, His will
made 7 June 1616 was proved In Ireland 26 June 1624.' He
oiarried Marion, eldest daughter of Thomas, fifth Lord
Boyd^ by Margaret, daughter of Sir Matthew Campbell of
Loudon, and by her, who died in the Oanongate, Edinburgh,
26 August 1632, and was buried, 13 September, with her
husband, had issue :—
1. James, second Earl of Abercorn.
2* Claub, Lord Strabane^ of whom afterwards,
3* Sir WUUnm Hamilton^ created a Baronet of Nova
Scotia in 1627, was long Resident in Rome on behalf
of Henrietta Maria, Queen Dowager of England, He
married before 1 April 1656, Jean, eldest daughter
of Alexander Colquhoun of hum by Helen, daughter
of 8!r George Buchanan of that Ilk, and widow, first
of Alan, fifth Lord Cat heart {who died 18 August
1628), and secondly, of Sir Duncan Oampbell, second
Baronet of Auchinbreck (who died in 1645), but left
no issue/ Sir William died at South Shields, 25 June
168L*
4- Sir George Hamilton^ of whom afterwards,
5. Sir Alexander Hamilton^ of Holborn, London, married
Elizabeth, daughter of , , , Bedingfleld, and died
before 4 May 1669, wlien administration of his estate
was gi'anted to a creditor,* leaving, with three
daughters, one son :—
(1) Ak^ieander, settled at the Court of PhUip WjlUam, Elector Pkdatine, who Bent him &s envoy e^trtiordiiiary to King J&me« VII. He accompanied the Elector's daaghler, EleanoJix Magdalena, to Vienna, on her marriage with the Bmperor Leopold^ which took place 14 December 1670, and waa created a Count of the Km pi re with a grant of the
» F. C Btg,, I, 2ea. * Ibid,, atl. 201. * Prerogative Court, Ireland, * The Chis/s of Colquhoun, L 237, ^ Stodart Ms., Lyon Office. * Pre- rog&tire Court, Ireland.
48 HAMIUrON, EARL OP ABBRCXJRN
Ck>unt7 of Neuborg, near Passau, and other estates in
Moravia and Hungary. He left Lssue :— i. Julius, Ck)ant of the Empire, one of the Chamberiaina to the Emperor, who married Coontess Maria Emestina of Staremberg, and had issue by her, who died in ITMf three sons and several daughters.
6. Anne J married in 1611 ^ to Hugh, fifth Lord Sempill,
and had one daughter.
7. Margaret^ married 1628' to Sir William Ounningham
of Oaprington, in the County of Ayr, Knight, and died without issue.
8. Isohel named with her brothers and her sisters Margaret
and Lucrece as parties to an action in the Court of Session on 4 November 1620.'
9. Lucy or Lucrecey contracted by her father, when very
young, to Randal, Lord Dunluce, afterwards Marquess of Antrim, but he not abiding by the contract, she never married; and by letters from Whitehall, 28 October 1627, the Earl of Antrim was ordered to pay £3000 to James, Earl of Abercorn, tor his son's failure to implement the contract.*
James, second Earl of Abercorn, born about 1603, suc- ceeded his father 1618, and his grandfather, as Baron of Paisley, 1621. In regard of his father's services, of his noble blood and lineage, being descended of one of the most ancient houses in the realm of Scotland, and because his Majesty was desirous to encourage him and his posterity to make their residence in the IQngdom of Ireland, for the good of his service there, not doubting but that he would tread in the footsteps of his ancestors, he was, in his father's lifetime, when about thirteen years of age, created a peer of Ireland, by the title of LORD HAMILTON, BARON OP STRABANE in the County of Tyrone, with limitation of the honours to the heirs-male of the body of his father, by patent under the Privy Seal, dated at Westminster 18 October 1616, and by patent at Dublin, 8 May 1617.* As the Irish estates were provided to his
^ Charter in implement of marriage-contract, 18 Nov. 1611, confirmed 18 June 1612, Reg. Mag. Sig. * Charter In implement of marriage-con- tract, 5 Jan. 1628, confirmed 1 AprU 1629, Reg. Mag. Sig. ^ Acts and Decreets, 343 f. 130 b. « Patent RoU (Ireland^ 3 Car. i. p. 3 d. 52. & Ibid., 15 Jac. I. p. 1 d. 8, and 15 Jac. i. p. If. 15.
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABEEOORN
49
i younger brothers by the will of their father, he resigned Ithe Irish title id favour of his brother, Claud, 11 November »16B3, He was excommunicated by the commi^f^ion of the [Geoerai Assembly of the Church of Scotland 1649, being Roman Catholic, and ordered to remove out of the fkingdom. On the death of William, second Duke of i Hamilton, of his wounds at the battle of Worcester, U I September 1631, his LordBhip became male representative \*ot the family of Hamilton, but the estates and titles of that house devolved on Anne» Duchess of Hamilton. He married about 1632, Catherine, daughter and heir Gervase^ Lord Clifton of Leigh ton Bromeswold, by lerine, daughter and heir of Sir Henry Darcy of ^Leighton, relict of Esme, Duke of Lennox and Richmond (who died 30 July 1624), The Earl died about 1670, having had by his wife (who, by royal licence 28 November 1032, was authorised, notwithstanding her marriage^ to retain her title, rank, and precedency as Ducheas of Lennox, and who I died in Scotland, and was buried 17 September 1637)^ three Bons;^ L JameB, Lord Paisley^ who died before his father. He married 28 April 1653, at the Church of St. Bar- tholomew the Less, liondon, Catherine, daughter of William Lenthall of Burford, in the county of Oxford, Speaker of the House of Commons in the Long Parliament, and by her had only £i daughter,
Colherine^ married first to her cousin, W[ntiim Lenthall, Esq. (who died at Barford, 6 September llMf, leaving two aonsir John ftnd Jamea) ; secondly, to Chfirles, fifth Earl of Aber- corn.
2. William Hamilton^ colonel in the army, died before his father, being killed in the wars in Germany, without issue,
3. George, third Earl of Abercorn.
Georor, third Earl of Abercorn, succeeded his father, but died unmarried at Padua^ on his journey to Rome, whereby the male line failed in the eldest branch, so that we return to
OLAtro, Lord Btrahaue, second son of James, first Earl of VOL. I. D
60
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABEttOORN
Abercorn, who, on bis brother's resigDation, had the title of Lord Hamilton, Baron of Btrabano, in Ireland, conferred on hiru by Privy Seal at Westminster, 7 May 1633, and patent bearing date at Dublin the 14 Angust 1634,* with the precedency of the former patent and with remainder to the heirs-male of the body of his father, in failure of his male issue. Dying 14 June 1038, he was buried in the church of Lecicpatrick, Id the County of Tyrone.' He married, 28 November 1032, Lady Jean Gordon, fourth daughter of George, first Marquess of Huntly, by Lady Henrietta Stuart, daughter of Esme, first Duke of Lennox ; ^ and by her, who was taken prisoner by Sir Phelim 0*Neile, in the rebellion of 1641, when he burnt and destroyed the caette of StrabanCf but whom she afterwards married,* had four children :--
1. James, third Lord Strabane.
2. George, fourth Lord Btrabane.
3. Catherme^ married, flrst, in 1647, to her cousin James
Hamilton, of Manor-Hamilton, eldest brother of Gustavus, Viscount Boyne, ah-eady mentioned; secondly, to Owen Wynne, of Lurganboy, in the County of Leitrim; thirdly, to John Bingham of Oastlebar, in the County of Mayo, ^
4. Ceellta, married to Richard Perkins^ of Lifford, in the
County of Donegal,
Jambs, third Lord Strabane, born 1633, succeeded his father 1638, being then five years old ; joined Sir Plielim 0*Neile against the parliamentary forces in July 1650, and died, without issue, a Roman Catholic recusant at Bally- fat ten, near Strabane, 16 June 1655,* being drowned bathing in the river Mourne, and was succeeded by his brother-
Geo RGB, fourth Lord Strabane, who, dying 14 April 1668 at his house at Kenure in the County of Dublin, was buried in St. Mechlin's Ctiurch, near Rush, in that county, under a large tomb, with this inscription : ' Hereunder lieth the
' Patent Roll, Ireland, 0 Car. i- p,l d B and 10, Car 1. p. t /. 30. 31, * Funeral Entry* Ulster's Office, ' Spaldlag'ft Memorials, 28-30. * By him, who was executed for High Treason in Dublin In 1652^ she waa mother of Gordan O'N&ll, who went to Fmnce with James viu and became a general In the French servicet ^ Inquisition taken at Strabaxifi, 9 August 1658.
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABERX)ORN
m
affabell, obli^ nge, exemplar, wise^ humble^ noble, pious, devot, TDOdt charitable, most virtiioys, and religious^ the Btght Honourable George, Lord Hamiltoo, Baron of Stra- bane, who died tbe 14 of April, Anno Domini, 1668, This monument was erected by Elizabeth Strabane, aliaa Fagaiii relict of the said Lord Strabane.' Hib nuncupative will, made 9 April 1668, was proved by his widow 22 May 1668J [fie married Elizabeth, daughter^ and ultimately sole heiress, |l>f Christopher Fagan of Feltrim in the county of Dublin, t>y Anne, daughter of Sir Nicholas Wliite of Leixlip, in the [;eouaty of Klldare, and had issue by her : —
1, CiAUD, fifth Lord Strabane and fourth Earl of Aber- corn.
2, Oharl^, fifth Earl of Abercorn.
3. Anne^ married (articles dated 27 and 28 May) 1680, to John, eldest son of George Browne, of the Neale, in the county of Mayo, died 14^ and was buried 19 August 1680, and had issue/
4. Mary, born after her father's death, married to Gerald Dillon, Recorder of Dublin, Prime Serjeant of Ireland, and Member of Parliament for Mulllngar in 1689, and had issue.
Olauo, fifth Lord Strabane, baptized at St. Audoen's^
Dublin, IS September 1659, succeeded his father in 1668,
, and succeeding also to the title of Abercorn, was the fourth
earL At the Revolution he went over to France to King
James n,, with whom he went to Ireland, and was sworn
I of his Privy Council there : was one of the lords of his
'bedchamber, and had the command of a regiment of horse.
After the defeat of the Boyne he embarked for Prance, but
was killed on the voyage in 1690. After his death he was
outlawed^ and his estate and title of Strabane forfeited,^
but the earldom of Abercorn devolved on Ids brother,
Charles, fifth Earl of Abercorn, who, obtainiog a reversal of his brother's attainder, succeeded also to the title of Strabane and the family estate, to both which he was r«d by their Majesties^ letters, dated at Whitehall
' Prerogative Coxirt, Ireland, ^ Funeral Entry, Ulat^r'a Office, ^ In- qulfiiUoo t^en at Strabane, 3 August I66:i
^"■^'■■"^
52 HAMILTON, BARL OF ABBBOOBN
24 May 1692, and by patent at Dublin, 1 July 1693.' He took his seat in the House of Peers in Ireland 31 August 1695;' and 2 December 1697 signed the declaration and association in defence of the person and government of King William, and tbe succession to the crown, according to Act of Parliament. He died at Strabane in June 1701. ms will, dated 7 August 1697, was proved 16 May 1704.* He married his cousin Catherine, only child of James, Lord Paisley, relict of William Lenthall of Burford, and by her, who died 24 May 1723,^ and was buried in the Duke of Richmond's vault in Henry the Seventh's Chapel in West- minster Abbey, he had an only daughter : — Elizabeth^ who died young, and was buried in the cliancel of St. Michan's Church, Dublin, 22 Feb- ruary 1699 ; the male line of this branch faUed, and the titles devolved on James Hamilton, descended from
Sir Georgb Hamilton, fourth son of James, first Earl of Abercorn, who was seated at Donalong, in the county of Tyrone, and at Nenagh in Tipperary; had a company in the army 16 October 1627.* On 7 February 1631 he had a licence to hold a weekly market and a yearly fair at Clogher, and a fair at Ballymagary, both in the county of Tyrone/ He was created a Baronet, though for this title no patent is on record, and whether of England, Ireland or Nova Scotia is unknown, before 5 June 1634, at which date he is so designated in a Eling's Letter ordering a regrant of his estate,^ and in all subsequent patents. On 23 May 1639 • the manor of Strabane and the rest of the Abercorn estate was granted to Sir George Hamilton of Donalong, knight and baronet. Sir Greorge Hamilton of Greenlaw, knight, Sir William Stewart of New Stuarton, knight, and Sir William Semple of Letterkenny, knight, to hold to the uses, trusts and interests, expressed, limited and appointed in an order of composition made by the Commissioners for Remedy of defective Titles. On 25 June 1639* he was
1 Patent Roll, Ireland, 5 GuL in. p. 2 d. 24. < Lord: 8 JoumalSt Ireland. • Prerogative Court, Ireland. * Polit, State, xxv. 570. * Patent RoU, Ireland, 3 Car. i. p. 8 d. 24. • Ibid., 7 Car. i. p. 4 /. 5. ^ Calendar of State Papers (Ireland), 1683-47, 53. ^ Patent RoU, Ireland, 15 Car. i. p. 5/. 86. •76td., 16Car. I.P.7/.84.
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABERCORN S3
regranted the great pFoportian of Donalong ; was in Scot- land with Olmrles i, 1641 ; performed good service in Ireland for that nionareh dnriog the rebellion, as he also did in 1649 for Charles ii*, being then captam of horse, colonel of foot, and governor of the castle of Nenagh; but, in 1651, he retired with his family to France* and there continued till the restoration of the KingJ In recompence of his many services performed to the King whilst in foreign conntries, his Majesty, 20 December 1662, granted to him, for life, all the penalties and forfeitures which might accrue to the Grown by reason of ploughing, drawing, harrowing, and working with horses by the tail, contrary to Acts of Parlia- ment,^ The King in 1671 appointed him joint patentee with James Roche, Esq,,* for granting licences to pedhuB, He had in 1668 a grant of lands in Co, Cork, which he soon after sold, and in 1670 he had a grant of lands in no fewer than eight counties in Ireland/ He died in 1679.
He married {contract dated 2 June 162d), Mary, third daughter of Thomas, Viscount Thurles, eldest son of Walter, eleventh Earl of Ormond, and sister of James, first Duke of Ortnondt and by her (who was granted the precedence of an Earrs daughter by royal warrant, dated at Whitehall 29 May 1669,* and who died in August 1680) > had six eons and three daughters : —
1. James, of whom hereafter.
2. Sir Georne Hamilton^ who was page to King C?harles n,
during his exile^ and after the Restoration was an officer of the Horse Guards till 1G67, when the King, according to his proiiiise to parliament, thought fit to have them dismissed. Sir George Hamilton carried the soldiers of that regiment with him into France, and was made a captain-lieutenant In the French service. Lord Arlington wrote to Sir William Godolphin, 7 September 1671 : *The Conde do Molina complains oT certain levies Sir George Hamilton hath made in Ireland. I have told the Conde he must not find it strange that a gentleman, who had been the king's page abroad, and losing his
' Mfmaires of tM Count de Gramont^ ed, 1889, xtv.-x^ll, * Patent RoU» IreUzid. * Ibid, * Ibid., 20 Car. ii. p. 2 d. S ; 22 CaJ* ii. p. 1/ 12. 5 Ulatcr's Office,
•J
54 HAMILTON, BARL OP ABBROORN
employment at home for being a Roman Catholic, should have some more than ordinary connivance towards the making his fortune abroad, by the countenance of his friends and relations in Ireland,* and having to recruit his regiment of foot in the service of the French King, his Majesty sent his directions to the Lord-Lieutenant, 12 January 1673, to give licence to him and his officers to raise 600 foot soldiers by beat of drum. This regiment, called from him the Regiment d*Hamilton, did active duty under Turenne on the Rhine in that year and the year following. He distinguished himself at the battle of Turkenheim 5 January 1675, and was made a brigadier of infantry by brevet of 12 March. He had the rank of Count, and was made Mar^chal de Camp, or Major- General, 25 February 1676, but was killed soon after during the retreat of the French on Saverne.^ Administration was granted to his widow 23 July 1703.' He and his elder brother James make a conspicuous figure in the Memoirea de Qramont. He married in 1665, Frances (frequently noticed in the same memoirs), elder daughter and co-heir of Richard Jennings of Sandridge, in Hertfordshire, sister of Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, by whom he had tliree daughters : —
(1) Elizabeth, married, in December 1685 (as his third wife),
to Richard, first Viscount Rosse, and died at St. Omers in June 1724.
(2) Frances, married, 1687, to Henry, eighth Viscount DiUon, who
died 13 January 1713/4 ; and secondly, to Patrick BeUew, eldest son of Sir John Bellew of Barmeath, ca Louth, Baronet, who died vita pairia, 12 June 1720.
(3) Mary, married, 15 May 1688, to Nicholas, third Viscount
Klngsland, and died 15 February 1735.
Their mother was married, secondly, in 1679, to Richard Talbot, created Duke of Tyrconnell by James vii., who died 5 August 1691 ; and, dying at Paris, 17 March 1731, was buried in the Scots College there.'
* O'Callaghan's Irish Brigades in the Service of France, 34 n. 2 Prerogative Court of Ireland. ^ Francisque Michel's Lea Jicoesaia en France, ii. 408.
HAMILTON, EABL OF ABERCX>RN
55
l» Count Anthony Hamilton^ born about 1646, waa a lieuleDaot-colonel in Sir Thomas Newcamen's regi- ment, 1686 ; was made a privy councillor of Ireland, and cominanded a regiment of dragoons at the battle of Kewton Butler, where he was badly wounded. He also held the post of governor of Limerick. At the Revolution he followed Jaines n. into France; became a lieutenant-general in the French service, and died at St. Clermaios, 20 April 1720,' aged seventy-four years, deservedly regretted by all wlio knew him. He was author of the MSmoires de Orainont^ in which, with an easy and exquisite pencil, he has painted the chief characters of the court of Charles ii*, as they were, with great truth and spirit, described to him by his brother-in-law the Count de Gramonti He was the author of the well- known Titles^ and is said to have translated Pope*s Art of Criticism into French.
L THonms Hamilton^ bred to the sea service, was captain of a ship of w ar, and died in New England-
K Richard Hamilton^ made colonel of a regiment of horse in King James's army, 15 February 1686, and brigadier-generaL He retired with the King into France upon King William's victories, became a lieutenant-general in the French service, and died very poor with his niece the Abbess of Poussey, in 1717J
L John Hamilton^ a colonel in King James's service, lost his life at the battle of Aughrim, 1691.
L Elizabeth^ whose personal graces and mental accom- plisbments are the theme of unbounded panegyric in the Memoires de Gramonti where she is styled tlie chief ornament of the court, worthy of the most ardent and sincere affection; nobody could boast a nobler birth, nothing could be more charming than her person. After refusing the Duke of Richmond, Jermyn, nephew of the Earl of 8t. Albans, and Henry Howard, afterwards Duke of Norfolk, she married in 1664 tiie dissipated Phi liber t, Oount de
H«gisi«r of St, Germains cited In Lea itcos^ais en France, IL WO. * Dfttigeau's Journal^ xvii, 2ia
m HAMILTON, EARL OF ABBIICX)RN
Gramont, the hero of the Memaires dc Gramorit, They left England in October 16G9 (letter of Charles Up to his sister, the DuchesB of Orleans, recom in cod- ing them I 24 October 1669 ')* She was appointed Dame du Palais to Maria Theresa of Austria, Queen of Louis XIV, He husband died at Paris, 30 January 1707, aged eighty -six ; she died» 3 June 1708/ aged sixty -seven* Tliey had two daughters, Claud Char- lotte de Gramont, married 6 April 1694 to Henry Howard, Earl of Bta^ord ; and Marie Elizabeth de Gramont, born 27 December 1G67, abbesse de St, Marine de Poussey, in Lorraine*^
8. Lucm^ married (by contract dated 24 July) 1074, to Donogh O'Brien of Lemineagh, co. Clare, who was created a Baronet of Ireland, 9 November 1680, and had issue, and died in 1676,
9* Margaret^ married, in January 1688, to Matthew Ford of Coolgreeny, co, Wexford, and had issue,
James Hamilton, eldest son of Sir George Hamilton, is thue characterised in the Memoires de Gramont : * The eldest of the Ham i I tons was the man who, of all the Court, dressed best ; he was well made in his person, and possessed those happy talents which lead to fortune and procure success iti love; he was a most assiduous courtier, had the most lively wit, the nioBt polished manners, and the most punctual attention to his duty imaginable. Ko person danced better, nor was any one a more general lover; a merit of some account in a court entirely devoted to love and gallantry. It m not surprising that, with these qualities he succeeded the Earl of Falmouth ' (killed in the sea-fight io Southwold Bay 2 June 1665), *in the king's favour; but it is very extraordinary that he should have ex(?enenced the same destiny, as if this war had been <ieclared against merit only, and as if this sort of combat was fatal to none but such as liad certain hopes of a splendid fortune** He was one of the grooms of the bedchamber to Charles ii*, who made him colonel of a regiment of foot. In 1666 he was elected member of Parliament for the burougii of
' Dalrymple*B Memoirs, IL 2)6* ^ ie# M(ft^§ai4 tn France, U. 407» ^ Dangeau'a J&umali v^ 140^
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABEROOilN
5?
SlmbaDe, and took hia seat on 3 July in that year, Parlia* Bient beiog dissolved the 7 August folio wing J He was appomted Hanger of Hyde Park 29 November 167L His regiment being embarked on hoard the navy, in one of the eipeditions of the Duke of York against the Dutch, Colonel HamiltoQ had one of his legs taken off by a cannon-ball, of which wound he died 6 June 1673, and w^as buried 7 June in Westminster Abbey, under a monument erected to his memory by his uncle, James, Duke of Ormond. Admfnis- Lration of his estate was granted to his widow 5 January J 680. In 1661, King Oliarles concluded a marriage betwixt him and Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Jolin, Lord Cole- peper, of Thoresway, Chancellor of the Exchequer and Iklaster of the RoUs^ who died in July 1G60, by his wife Judith, daughter of Sir Thomas Colepeper, of HoUingbourne, in Kent, Knight, and by her (who was maid of lionour to Mary, Princess of Orange, mother of King William iil, and died IB 1700, aged seventy-two, and was buried at Holling- bourne ') he had six sons, of whom three only survived their infancy : — L James, sixth Earl of Abercorn.
2, George Hamilton^ a colonel in the Foot Guards, who
fell at the battle of Bteinkirk in 1692, commanding a r<"giment of foot*
3, William Hamilton^ of Ohilston Park, in Kent (an
estate which his mother purchased and settled on his family) uf which county lie was deputy lieutenant, justice of peace, and colonel of the regiment of militia for the Lath of Scray (a division of Kent) and was alw^ays very strenuous for the Protestant sue- cession* He died in 1737, and was buried at Len- hara* He married Margaret, second daughter of Sir Thomas Colepeper, of HoUngbourne, in Kent, siftter of Prances, wife of John the last Lord Cole- peper, and by her (who was buried with her husband, 22 October 1736) had four sons and one daughter :—
(I) Jahn^ High Sheriff of the county of Kent in 1710. who much improved hfi seat of Chilatotif marrlod, in 1715^ Mary, daughter of John W rights M.D,* and had Bev«ml chtldren, of whom the eldeat bod, WiUiiim^ was page of honour to
^ Camfnons* JoumalJtt Irelaudt ^ Hasted's Kentj vol. it 4115.
58
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABEROORN
Frederick, Prince of Wales, iind John, Captain in tlio Royal Nayy, was created a BaFonet of Great Britaixi, SH August ITTd tot bis seryicea at the sleg^ of Quebec, He nmiried, S October 17d3, Cassandra Agne^, daughter of Edmund Gbamberlajne of Mauger^lmtj In Gloacjestershire, and died SI January 1784, leaving two sous, of whom the second, Edward Joseph, was created a Baronet of the United Kingdom, 26 January 1819. Both these titles are now held by Sir Edward Archibald Hamilton, fourth Baronet of Greol Britain and second of the United Kingdom,
(2) George married to the daughter of Monsieur Vaa«erot, mer-
chant in Amsterdam (who got vast riehes in the Ml^si&aiippt and South Sea schemes, after which he retired to Switzer- land, his native countJ*y, where he purchased a great estate)^ By her he had sereral children, who, with their mother, re4!iided for some years at Geneva.
(3) Th&mas, who had a command in the armj« and died in Ire^
land, (4^ B^ti/iam, who died young* (5) Elizabeth, married Edwin Stede of Stedehlll In Kent.
James Hamilton of Bonaloug, in tlie county of Tyrone, eldef^t son of Oolonel James Hamilton, succeeded liis fatlier in the post of groom of the bedchamber to Charles ii- at the early age of seventeen years, and was ot the Privy Council to hie brother and successor James ii.» in whose army he commanded a regiment of horse ; but no sooner did he perceive his Majesty's intentions to introduce popery than he quitted his service, became an officer under King William at the Revolution, and carried arms and ammunl* tiou to the relief of Londonderry, when besieged by King Jameses army« By means of this supply the city was enabled to hold out till Major-General Kirke sent in further relief from England, which occasioned the siege to be raised- After his grandfather's death, he declined to assume the title of Baronet. He was elected member of Parliament for the county of Tyrone in 1692 and 1695/ and In June 1701 succeeded to the earldom of Abercorn, also to the barony of Strabaiie, in terms of the second patent of that title. He was created BARON OF MOUNTOASTLE and VISCOUNT OF STRABANE in the County of Tyrone by privy seal at Hampton Court 9 November 1701, and patent at Dublin 2 December following,* took his seat as such in the Parliament of Ireland 21 September 1703,* the
1 Commons* Journals, Ireland. ^ Patent BolL Lreland, 13 GuL itt* 1 d* ]« p. ^* ^ LonU" JoarnalSj Ireland.
HAMILTON, EAKL OF ABERCJORK
59
first summoned to meet by Queen Anne* of whose Privy Oouneil he waa a member, aa he wa« also to their Majesties Oearge i- and ii. H8 was member of several committees of the Houae of Lords of Irelaml, in the reign of Queen Anne ; took his seat in the Parliament of Scotland 3 October 1706,' Bteadily eupported the Union, voting in favour of that treaty on every division of the House*
By the twenty-second article of the Treaty of Utrecht, Louis XIV. having engaged that he would forthwith^ after the peace was made, cause justice to be done to the family of Hamilton concerning the dukedom of Ohateiherault, the Karl of Abercorn preferred his claim as heir-male of the first Duke of Chatelherault. Swift wrote, 24 September 1712: ^I have been mediating betwixt the Hamilton family and Lord Abercorn, to make them compound with him, and I believe they will do it* Lord Selkirk is to be here in order to go to France to make the demands ; and the ministry are of opinion they w^ill get some satisfaction, and they empowered me to advise the Hamilton side to agree with Abercorn, who asks a fourth part, and wUl go to France and spoil all if they don't yield it,' *
The Earl died 28 November 1734,* aged seventy-four, and was buried, 3 December, in the Duke of Orraond'n vault in Henry the Seventh's Chapel in Westminster Abbey, His will, dated 5 May 1731, was proved 25 April 1735/
He married (by licence, Faculty Office, 24 January) 1683/4 Elizabeth, only daughter and heiress of Sir Robert Reading of Dublin, Baronet, so created 27 August 1675, by Jane, widow of Oliarles, ftrst Earl of Mountrath, and daughter of Sir Robert Hannay of Mochrum, Baronet, by Jane Stewart his wife* and by her (who died in Sack vi lie Street, London, 16 March 1754, aged eighty -six ; * and was buried 22 March, with her husband in Westminster Abbey) had nine sons and Ave daughters : —
L Robert^ baptized 12 July 1687, died soon afterwards,
2, jAMESt seventh Earl of Abercorn,
3, Robert^ died very young.
4, John, died unmarried 1714, aged 20. .
^ Mlntiten ot tlie Parliament of Seotland* ' SwUt*s Lftier§. * Lords' Batrieo, Ulst4!r's OfDce; OtnttemarCs Jfoir., 703, * Prerogative Court, Inluid, ^ Scot. May., 517.
00
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABEROORN
5. George^ died in infancy.
6, George Hamilton^ was* a cornet of horse ; appointed in
October 1742, depntj cofferer to the Prince of Wales's household ; waa member of Parliament for SL Johns- town in the county of Donegal, from 1727 to 1760; chosen in 1734, member for Wells in England, but de- clared not dalj elected ; chosen for the same place in 1747, and sat tiU April 1754. He died a May 1775/ He married in October 1710 Bridget, daughter of Colonel William Ooward of Wells, some time a Virginia merchant, with whom he got a large fortune, and by her {who died at Bath 24 August 1775),' had four song and seven daughters : —
(U Qeorgt^ bom 1721, bred to the sea service, died unmarried*
(2) Jahn^ born 1736^ miitriciilated at Utiireralty College^ Ox-
fofd, 17 March 1743/4, B.A. 1747, M.A. 1751, coUated to the Archdeaconrj of Raphoe 1754,^ died unmarri^ in Merdoa Square, DubUn, 12 Augtist 1750, burled at St. Aniie^B Churcb« Administration granted to bis fathfsr 13 October 1764*
(3) WUitatn^ colonel in the army, died unmarried June 1799^
(4) Jafoea^ equerry to Frederick, Prince of Wales, m&rried
twice, died without lisue 1779*
(5) EHzmheth^ mftrrted, first, contnvct 30 July 1754, to John
Cameron, of Glenkindy, a colonel in the French service, nephew of I^chiel ; secondly, to the Comte de Fay>
(fl) Bridget^ married to the Rev, Thomas Finney, and died hi J widow at Alston, near Knights bridge, 3 April 1789,
(7) Maria^ born 7 January 1723, married, first, to FrancU Marsh, by whom she had a daughter Elizabeth, married to Colonel Thomas Heryey ; secondly, 8 June 1756, to WiUiam Beckford of B'onthin, GIffbrd, in Wiltshire, Lord Mayor of London 1703 and 1769, and M,P, for that city 1754t 1761, and 1708* by whom she bad one son, William, the author of VfUiuk^ She died at Westend, Uampstead, ^ July 1798, aged seventy* four, and was buried at FonthilL
i8) Harriot, married to the Rev, William Peter^ and died 1787. 0) Frances^ married to William Tooker, of Chilcompton in Somersetshire, and died 175Z-
(10) Charlotte, died nti married.
(11) Rachel, married to the Rev. Neville Walter, grandson of
George, eleventh Lord Abergavenny.
7, Francis Hamilton, born in Dublin, In 1700:* entered Trinity OoUege, Dublin, 5 February 1714/5;' B.A. 1717/8; M.A. 1721; presented, 30 January 1737, to
» Qm%t Mag. > Ibid. ^ Cotton*a Fasti Eceiegia Ilibemieft, Ml 35. * Prerogative Court, Ireland* * Lcm ^ks&BmxxA tf^ France, IL 410. * Matriculation Book, Trim Ccitl, Dublin. ^ Ibid,
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABEROORN
61
the rectories and vicarages of Dunleer, O^pocke, Disert, Moylarc^ Monasterboys, and Drumcarre^ in tbe diocese of Armagli t ^ and died 20 May 1746. His will, dated 23 October 1741, was proved 18 July 1746,* He married, 20 October 1733, Dorothy, second daughter and co-heir of James Forth of Redwood, in the King's County, Secretary to the Oommigsioners of his Majesty's Revenue, and had issue by her (whose will, dated 3 May 1777, was proved 13 October 1780) * a son and a daughter :—
(1) JamtA^ died joting.
(2) BVanctw, died unmarried ; her willp dated ]6 Jntj 18Q8, being
proved 7 D«cetta>er 1819,*
Wtlllmn Hamilton^ baptiSEcd at St. Peter's, Dublin, 20 October 1703; lost off the Lizard Point, 10 November 1721, in the Eoyal Anne galley, going out with Lord Belhaven to his governnient of Barbadoes, as a volunteer in the sea service*
Charles Hamilton^ bapti^sed at St. Peter *e, Dublin, 13 Koveraber 1704; matriculated at Olirist Ohurch, Ox- ford, 4 November 1720; appointed, 22 April 1738, comp- troller of the board of green cloth to Frederick, Prince of Wales ; was member of Parliament for Strabane, in Ireland, from 1727 to 1760, and from 1741 to 1747 member for Truro, in Cornwall- He was chosen first of the seven commissioners for examining and stating the public accounts, 26 May 1742; and appointed re- ceiver-general of the King's revenues in the island of Minorca ; on which occasion a new writ was ordered for Truro, 22 December 1743, and he was re-elected. He had the estates of Oobham and Painshill, in Surrey, which he sold before his death, at his house on Lsnsdown Hill, near Bath, 11 September 1786, aged eighty -two.* He married and left issue :—
(1) Jane, married, 17 May 1750, to Edward Moor^, author of FahU^
for iite Fair Sex^ who died 28 February 1757» and she was appointed n pessary woman to the Queen's priv*ate apart- ments,
(2) , married, 25 June 1750, to Kenton Cowse, of tli« Board
of Works»
1 Pat. Roll. Ireland, 11 Geo, u» p, 1 /. 3@, * Prerogative Conrt, Ireland. 1 Ibid. * Ibid. * Gent. Mag,
62 HAMILTON, EARL OF ABEEOORN
10, Elizabeth^ married, first, at St. Peter's, Dublin, 2 January 1711, to William Brownlow, of Lurgan, member of Parliament for the county of Armagh,, and by him, who died 27 August 1739, had issue. She! was married, secondly, in France, In 1741, to Martia,] Comte de Kearnie.
11, Jane^ died in infancy.
12, Mary^ married, January 1719, to Henry Oolley, of Castle Oarbery, in the county of KJldare, member of Parliament for Strabane.
13, Philippa^ married, first, to Benjamin Pratt, D*D.,j Provost of Trinity College, Dublin, 1710^ Dean of] Down, 1717, who died 6 December 1721, withouti issne; secondly, to Michael O'Connell, of London,* issue, one son. She died at Paris 27 January 1767,
14, Jane^ flmt lady of the bedchamber, mistress of the robes, and privy purse to Augusta, Princess of Wales, married (by licence. Faculty Office, 26 Sep- tember 1719), as his third wife, to Lord Archibald Hamilton, youngest son of William and Anne, Dukd^ and Duchess of Hamilton, and had issue/ She died In Paris 6 December 1753, and was buried at Montmartre*
James, seventh Elarl of Abercorn, was born 22 Marelij 1685/0 ; elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, London, 1715 j succeeded his father 1734 ; was a lord of the bedchamber, and was sworn one of the Privy Council of England^ 20 July. 1738, and of Ireland, 26 September 1739; and dying in^ Oavendisli Square, London, 11 January 1744, aged fifty- eight,^ was buried, 16 January, In the Duke of Ormond's vault in Westminster Abbey, He died intestate, administra^ tion being granted to his son and successor 13 March 1744,* He wrote Calculations and Tables relaUng to the Attrae^ five Poicer of Loadstones^ 1729. He married (by licence. Faculty Office, 26 March), 1711, Anne, daughter of Colonel j John Plumer of Blackesware, in Hertfordshire, by Mary, eldest daughter of William Hale, of King's Walden, in the same county, and by her (who was baptized at Ware 3 July
* His pedigree regiBlered in Ul8t€x*s Office. * Set iitk HAmUton. ' ScQt^ Mag. * Prerogative Court, Ireland.
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABEROORN
6a
1690, died at London 10 August 1776» a^ed eighty-six,' and was buried 13 August, with her husbaiad) had six sons and two daughters :— U James, eighth Earl of Abercoro.
2. John BamUton^ entered the Navy t was lieutenant of the Louisa; wrecked in a storm, in December 1736^ attending George i, from Hanover to England. He was the last man who quitted the ship, and on going ashore he was presented to and graciously receiveti by the King, and Queen Caroline complimented liis father on Iiis gallant behaviour. He was promoted to the rank of captain of the Royal Navy 13 February 1741 ; successively commanded the Klngsale^ the Augusta^ the Vanguard^ and the Lancaster ; and was drowned, 18 December 1755^ by the upsetting of his boat, going from his ship to Portsmouth,' He married, in November 1740, Harriet, natural daughter of the Right Hon* James Craggs, Secretary of State ; she was first married, 4 March 1726, to Richard Eliot, of Port Eliott in Cornwall, and by him, who died 1748, had Edward Craggs- Eliot, created Lord Eliot 1784, and other children ; she died 1 February 1769, having had by her second husband : —
(1) John James^ ninth E&rl and dr«t Morqaeaa Df Abercom
(poflthnmon^).
(2) Anm, died, mi married, at Highgate, 4 November 1761,»
3. William Hamilton^ died youngJ
4- George Hamilton^ born 11 August 1718 ; matriculated at Exeter College, Oxford, 19 March 1735/6; presented by his brother, in September 1753, to the rectories of Taughboyne, in the diocese of Raphoe^ and Donagh- eady, in the diocese of Derry, in Ireland ; was after- wards a prebendary of Salisbury ; and, 30 August 1783, appointed a canon of Windsor, He died at Taplow^ 26 November 1787, aged eighty,^ He married Elizabeth, daughter of Lieu ten ant-General Richard
^ Scots Mag, Her wiU, dated 24 June 1771^ was proved in London IQ Aug, 1776, and in I?ublin 6 Sept, following (Prerogative Court, If^Latid). ^ GcfU, Mag, * Ibid, * Lords* Entries, Ulster's Office, * G^nt. MiMg.
64 HA^ULTON, EARL OF ABERCX>RK
Onslow^ and by ber^ who died in 1800, he had three sons and nine daughters ;—
(1) Gmrfft, died tintDArriedt 11 October ITBt, In tbe West Indies^
2tid And 3rd sons dted infants.
(4)^^nr»boru 6 Octol>er 1755: married to the Hev. F. H. W> OomewaU, Dean of Cimt^^rbury (afterwards BiNhop of Wor- cester)» and died suddenly at Delbury, In Shropaltire, 18 December 1705, aged forty -one*
(5) Mary, born t^fl NoTeraber 175fl,
(e) Harriott, bom 11 January 1700; died IB Mairh 178a"
i7) Caiherinc, born 7 June 1763. S)EliMab€th, bom ^ June 1765; married in 1703 to Glynn Wynn ;
and died In IB13, (9) Bitchel, born 17 October 1760.
(10) Jarw* born 26 February 1708; married, first, July ITWU t4>
WilUAm Plumer, of Gilstou Park, In Hertfordahire, member of Parliament for that county ; aecondlyt in 1825, Richard John Lewin, RN. ; and, thirdly, 16 July 1838, Robert Plumer-VVard, of GUston Park aforesaid ; and died in 1S31.
(11) Cecil, born IS March 1770 ; had the precedency of an ejirFs
daughter granted to her by royal patent 27 October 1789 ; miarried, Bnit, 4 MAn^ 1792, to John James^ Marquess of Abercorn, from whom she was separated IT&S % divorced by Act of Parliament, April ITfifl, for adultery with Colonel* afterwardt Sir Joseph, Copley, Baronet, bo whom, she was married on 23 May 1790, and she died lU June 16 la
(12) iBtibeUa, bom 28 September 1773 ; married at the Priory,
St-anmore, 20 July 1795, to Lord Oeorge Seymour, Commia^ sloner of Excise, youngest son of Francis, first Marquess of Hartford.
5. Plumcr Hamiltou^ died joung/
6. William Bamilton^ horn 18 February 1721 ; a lieutenant
in the Royal Navy ; lost in the Victor}^ man-of-war off Alderney, 1744. Administration granted to bis brother, the Earl of Abercorn, 15 December 1744.'
7. Anne^ born 12 June 1715; married, 16 August 1746,* to
Sir Henry Maclcworth» Baronet; and died at Ixpndon 14 December 1702,* aged seventy-eight, leaving her fortune to Thomas Huddleston, Esq., wlio had married her only daughter, Elizabeth, 18 April 1708,
8. A daughter, born 27 February 1736 j died an Infant.
James, eighth Earl of Abercorn, born 22 October 1712 ; was sununoned by writ to the House of Peers in Ireland in
* Gf^. Mag. ' tiords* Entries, Dlster^s Office, ' Prerogative Court, Ireland* * Lords* Entries, Ulster*a Office. * Satis Mag,
HAMILTON, EARL OP ABEROOHN
65
tlie lifetime of Im father as Barott Mouiitca^tle, 23 March 1736j ajid took bis seat thy same day.' He BUcceeJed his father in 1744 as Earl of Abercorn auU Viscount of Strabane ; was sworn of tiie Privy Council iQ Ireland, 20 April 1756 ; elected a representative peer of Scotland 1701 ; rc-choBcu 1768, 1774, 1780, and 1784; was one of the peers who, 11 March 1766, voted against the Act to repeal the American Btamp Act, and joined in the protests agaiost the second and third reading of that bill ; he also voted for rejecting Foj's India Bill, 17 December 1783. He was created a peer of Great Britain 24 August 1786, hj the title of VISCOUNT ttAMILTON, of Hamilton, in tJie county of Leicester, with remaimler to his nephew John James Ha milt ou. No new elec- tion was, however, ordered for representatives of the Scots peerage in room of himself and the Duke of Queensberry, who was in the same position, till it was determined, in a committee for privileges, 13 February 1787, * that the creation of his English Peerage prevented him sitting in the House of Lords as a representative peer of Scotland.* The Earl had no property in Scotland, till he purcliased, from Archibald, Duke of Argyll, in 1715, the barony of Duddingston, in tlie county of Edinburgh, which had for- merly been in possession of the family, where he built a mansion-house, and made it his favourite residence. In 1764 he acquired the paternal inheritance of his ancestors, the lordship of Paisley, in the county of Renfrew, from Thomas, eighth Earl df Dundonald, whose progenitor, William, Earl of Dundonald, had bought it in 1653 for £160,000 Scots from Archibald, Earl of Angus, who had acquired it from the Abercorn familyp He possessed a great estate in Ireland^ where he built a magnificent house at Baron's Court, in tlie barony of Strabane. He had also a seat at Witham, in BeaexT where he entertained Queen Charlotte, 7 September 1761, on her journey from Harwich to London* He died at Boroughbridge, wldle travelling from Duddingston to London 9 October 1789, in the seventy-seventh year of his age,' unmarried, and was buried in the Abbey of Paisley. His will, dated 24 May 1785,* with three codicils at subsequent
* LoTtfji' Journals, Ireland, * EobertBon's Froettdmgs relating to the Ptrrape of Scotland, 430, > Scot* Mag.,M7. * Copy in Frerogotire Court, IrelaEd.
VOL. L E
66 HAMILTON, BARL OF ABBROORN
dates, was proved in London 14 Oct. 1789. He was suc- ceeded by his nephew, John James.
John James, ninth Earl of Abercorn, only son of the Hon. John Hamilton, was born after his f ather*s death, July 1756. He was educated at Pembroke OoUege, Cambridge, where he graduated M. A. in 1776,* and was elected member of Parliament for Bast Looe, in Cornwall, on a vacancy in November 1783, and chosen for St. Germans at the general election 1784. He succeeded his uncle in 1789, as Earl of Abercorn in Scotland, Viscount of Strabane in L'e- land, and Viscount Hamilton in Great Britain. On 19 July 1790 he took the oaths and his seat in the House of Lords in Ireland.* At the general election of the sixteen repre- sentatives of the Scots Peerage, 11 July 1790, the clerks refused to receive his signed list, as he had been created a peer of Great Britain since the Union. The question was carried to the House of Lords, where, 13 May 1793, in a committee for privileges, the point was decided in his favour. Meanwhile the Earl was created on 15 October 1790, MARQUESS OP ABERCORN; and was sworn of the Privy Council in Ireland 7 February 1794. He was nominated a Knight of the Garter 17 January 1805, and installed at Windsor on St. George's Day, 23 April follow- ing. A curious account of the almost royal progress of the Marquess and his family through Scotland on their way to Baron's Court in August 1813 is given by Sir Walter Scott.*
He married first, 20 June 1779, Catherine, daughter of Sir Joseph Copley, of Sprotborough, co. York, Baronet, by Mary, daughter of John Buller of Morval, Cornwall, and by her (who died at Stanmore Priory, Middlesex, 13 Sep- tember 1791,* and was buried, 19 September, at Stanmore) had six children.
1. Jambs, Viscount Hamilton, born at Petersham Lodge, 7 October 1786 ; matriculated at Christ Church, Ox- ford, 24 October 1805 ; elected member of Parliament
* OviMduati Cantabrigienaes, * Lords* Journals, ' L\fe of Scott, Iv. 36. Sir Walter was a frequent visitor to Stanmore Priory, and while there in April 1807 was correcting a proof of the Introdactlon to Mannion, Canto I., which contains the complimentary lines on Pitt and Fox. Lord Abercorn suggested that the tribute to Fox should be heightened, and it is said he himself penned several lines of eulogy. Familiar Letters^ i. 82L The Ladf/ of the Lake was dedicated to the Marquess. * Scots Mag,^ 468.
HAAHLTON, EAKL OF ABEHCORN
67
far Dungannon, 31 January 1807, and, Parlismeai heiog dissolved on 29 April loUowing, elected for Lmkeard^ 8 May 1807^ and sat for that l>orongh until 20 September 1812. He moved the acklrens of thanks for the King's speech in the House of Commons, 20 January 1808, He died in the lifetime of his father, 27 May 1814, having married, 25 November 180ft, Haniet, daughter (by Lady Frances Lascellc*?, eldest f laughter of Edward, flret Earl of Harew ood) of tlie Honourable John Bouglas, son of James^ fourteenth Earl of Morton, and by her (who was married, secondly, 8 July 1815, to tieorge, fourth Earl of Aberdeerit and died 26 August 1833) had issue :—
(1) Jabies, Becond M&F(|uess and fbrst Duke of AljetrotiK
(2) Lord Claud IlamUiont bom 27 July lfil3i wag educated ftt Harrow^ aad TriTiUy College^ Cimihridgc ; and was member of ParIJftmi*nt for eounty Tyrone from 20 Jnniiftrj' 1835 to 17 July 1837, and from (t May 1S*9 to 20 Jaiiuan^ 1874 f Trca4?urer of the Household, 27 Februarj- 1H52 to Deceml»er 1852, and again from 36 February 1858 to June 1850 ; Vice Cham lierlaln to the Household* 10 July 1866 to 11 December 1868: Privj- CouDcUlor, 27 February 1852 ; LieaLColoool Donegal Mititia, 10 July 1H67; married 7 August llAU, Lady Elizabeth Emma Proby* second daughter of Granville Levcson> third Earl of Car3*sfort, and dted '.i June lftH4. She died 24 June 1900, leaving Isaue :—
L Douglas JatneSt bom 23 September 1856 ; inat^culated &t Christ Church, Oxford, 15 January 1075; major» Irish Gnards, 8 October 1900; married, B July 1882, T^dy Margaret France?* Uely-Hutehlnfion, daughter of Richard John, fourth Earl of Dououghmore, and ha£ : —
(i) GmnviHe, horn la September 1883.
(ii) ClftHd Nf chard, born 30 Atvril 18S-t; cadet R,N. ;
died 18 Fehniarj" i«Jl, (Ui) Michftrd Qeorm, born 21 July 18W1. (iv) Joc^lun Vamphell Patriek, bom 3 iVIarch 1000.
(vj liriti/ Alice Adeline, Iwrn 17 May 18^0.
!i* Louisa Chnrl^ittj married, 20 February I87fi, to John Tyudall, LL.D., D.C.L., P.R.S*, who died 4 December 1803,
iii. Minima IVatices.
Iv, Mary ShiaH, married, 2 October 1878, to Wtlbraham Frederiek, wecond I^rd Tollemaehe*
(a) Ladsf ffarriti, bom 21 March 1812. married, 1-1 May iS^fl, to Admiral William Alexander Baillte Hamilton, H.N.^ who died 1 Oetpber ISt^l. She died 19 Mareh 1884, leaving isaue.
2p Ckitid HmniltotK horn 1 November 1787, Rt Petm*sliaTii, Surrey; inati'lciilatcd at Olunst Cluirch, OxfonI, 24
68 HAMILTON, EARL OF ABEROORN
October 1805 ; elected member of Parliament for the borough of Dungannon at the general election 1807 ; admitted a nobleman of St. John's College, Cambridge, in October same year ; sailed in the Eclipse brig for the Brazils in January 1808, on account of his health, but died at Madeira in June following.
3. Harriot Margaret^ whose articles of marriage with
the Marquess of Waterford were drawn up, when she died of an inflammation of her throat at the Priory, Stanmore, 30 April 1803, in the twenty-second year of her age, and was buried at Stanmore.
4. Katherine Constantia^ born 7 October 1782, died 23
May 1783.
5. Katherine Elizabeth^ born 10 January 1784, married at
the Priory, Stanmore, 28 July 1805, to George, fourth Earl of Aberdeen, and died 29 February 1812, leaving issue.
6. Afar/a, born 28 February 1785, died, unmarried, 21
January 1814. The Marquess married, secondly, 4 March 1792, his cousin, Lady Cecil Hamilton, daughter of his uncle George already mentioned, and by her had a daughter.
7. Cecil Frances, born 19 July 1795, married 15 February
1816, to William, fourth Earl of Wicklow, and died 7
July 1860, leaving issue. The Marquess married, thirdly, at her brother Viscount Sudley's house in Dover Street, Piccadilly, 3 April 1800, Lad} Anne Jane, relict of Henry Hatton of Great Clonard, in the county of Wexford, member of Parliament for the borough of Donegal, to whom she was married October 1783. She was born April 1763, eldest daughter of Arthur Saunders, second Earl of Arran, in Ireland, by his first wife, the Hon. Catherine Annesley, only daughter of William, Viscount Glerawley. She died, without issue, at Naples 3 May 1827. The Marquess died 27 January 1818 ; his will, dated 18 March 1809, with four subsequent codicils, was proved in London 9 May 1818,^ and was succeeded by his grandson.
James, tenth Earl and second Marquess of Abercorn, born 21 January 1811, in Seymour Place, Middlesex, was educated
^ Prerogative Court, Ireland (copy lodged\
HA&ULTON, KAKli OF ABKROORN
I
at Hsrmw, and rnatrleulatoiJ at Ohr i«t OhurcJi, OxforU, 2 Jtilj,^ 1829* He proved hin rigiit lu vote for Ui preaeiitativi? Peers for Ireland 27 March 1833, aatl was appuiated Lieu- tenant ami Custom Hutuloruin of tixe L*ounty Donegal, 184i i Koight of the Garter, 12 December 1814; Privy C'oiuicillor, 25 February 1840; and wan Groom of the Stole to the Prince Ckmsort from 1846 to 1859. He wan made Honorary LL,D, of Oambriiige^ 5 July 1847; D,C\L, of Oxford, 4 June 1856; and UL*D* of Dublin, 21 April 1868, He was also ;i governor of Harrow School ; sometime colonel of the Donegal Militia^ and usajor-general of the Royal Archers^ the Queen^s Bodyguanl for Scotland. He was served heir- male of the hody of the hr*^t Duke of Chatelheraidt by tlie Sheriff of Chancery in Bc^otlaodt 13 January 1862, and, as heir-male of the flr^t Duke, asserteil his hereditary right to the original title of Duke of Chatelheranlt of 1519* By the edict of Louis xiv,, May 1711, the descent of French dukedoms was declared to he to heirs * descendus de males en males,' Being appointed Lord Lieu tenant-General and General-Governor of Ireland in 1866, on the 20 July he took the oath of Chief Governor, ami tlie oatha of Abjuration and Supremacy in the Council Obamber in Dublin Oastle, whereupon the Lords Justices ifellvere^l to him the Sword of State, and investerl him with the Collar of Grand Master of the Order of St. Patrick. He made his public entry into Dublin in state on the 23 Augut^t foUowiDg. On the 18 April 1868 he luej^ided as Grand Master at the instalJation of His present Alajesty^ then Prince of Wales, as a Knight of St* Patrick ^ which wan performed w^ith great pomp in St. Patrick*!^ Cathedral, Dublin, In oonne- fjtienceof the resignation of the Conservative administration he left Dublin, 14 December 1868. By privy j^eal, dated nt St. James's 1 August, and patent at Dublin 10 August 1868, he was created MARQUESS OF HAMILTON of Straban* , in the county of Tyrone, and DUKE OF ABKRCORN in thi; Peerage of Ireland, He wrh for the second time sworn Lord -Lieu ten ant of Ireland on 3 March 1871, and made his public entry into Dnblin on 18 April, ami liedd this offic*^ till 6 December 187G- On 0 January 1875 lie was installed Graml Master of the Fi'eemasous of Ireland, He was Envoy Extraordinary to Italy for the Investiture, at Rome, 2 March 1878, of King Humbert, with the order of the Garter,
70 HAMILTON, BARL OF ABEBOOBN
In 1881 he was appointed Chancellor of the Royal University of Ireland. He died at Barons Oourt 31 October 1885.
He married, 25 October 1832, from Gk>rdon Castle, at Fochabers Episcopal Church, Elgin, Lady Louisa Jane Russell, second daughter of John, sixth Duke of Bedford, by his second wife. Lady Oeorgina Gordon, fifth daughter of Alexander, fourth Duke of Gordon. She, who was bom 8 July 1812, is a Lady (third class) of the Order of Victoria and Albert. They had issue, seven sons and seven daughters : —
1. James, second Duke.
2. Lord Claud John Hamilton^ born 20 February 1843, was
member of Parliament for Londonderry city 1865 to 18e8, for King's Lynn, 1869 to 1880, for Liverpool, 1880 to 1885, and for West Derby division of Liverpool, 1885 to 1888 ; a Junior Lord of the Treasury, 1868 ; sometime lieutenant and captain in the Grenadier Guards, and hon. colonel 5th Battalion Royal Inuis- killing Fusiliers since 17 January 1891; Aide-de- Camp to Queen Victoria, 1887 ; married, 20 July 1878, Carolina, daughter of Edward Sacheverell Chandos Pole, of Radborne Hall, in the county of Derby, and has issue : —
(1) Gilbert Claud, bom 21 AprU 1870; Ueutenant, Grenadier
Guards, 28 October 1899.
(2) Ida, bom 27 July 1883.
3. Lord George Francis Hamiltony born 17 December
1845 ; member of Parliament for the county of Middle- sex f i-om 1868 to 1885, and for the Baling division since that year ; Under Secretary of State for India, 1874 to 1878 ; Vice-President of the Committee of Council on Education, 1878 to 1880 ; Privy Councillor, 4 April 1878 ; First Lord of the Admiralty from June 1885 to January 1886, and from 1886 to 1892 ; an Elder Brother of the Trinity House, 1887 ; Chairman of London School Board, 1894 to 1895 ; Secretary of State for India from 1895 to 17 September 1903 ; Captain of Deal Castle, 1899; was formerly lieutenant in the Coldstream Guards, and captain, Tyrone Militia; married, 28 November 1871, Lady Maud Caroline Lascelles, Lady of the Imperial Order of the Crown of India, daughter of Henry, third Earl of Harewood, and has : —
HAMILTON, EARL OF ABEliCORN
71
(1) Ronald Jamts, born 26 September 1S72.
f2) A7Uh<}^n^ Gem^ge^ bom 17 Decetiiher I'tHL
(3) Boiffri Ce^t, boro 3t Jaouftry 1^2 ; midshipman R,N*
4^ Lord Ronald Douglas Hamiltotu born 17 Marcli 1849, died 0 November 1867.
5* Lord Vo»mo Hamilton^ boru ami died 16 Api*jl 1853,
6* Lord Frederick Spencer Hamilton^ boru 13 October 1856 ; Second Secretary in tlie Diplomatic Service* 1883 to 1884; was MA\ for HouthAVeBt Division of Manchester, 1885 to 1880, ami for Korth Tyrone, 1892 to 1895.
7* Lord Ernest WiUmm HamlltQn^ born 5 September 1858; captain (retired) 11th HusaarB; M.P. for North Tyrone, 1883 to 1892 ; married, 2 June 1801, Pamela Louisa AyguBta Ambrose, daugiiter of Captain Frederic Augnstus Campbell, and has issue : —
(1) Ouif Ernest FniteHc, bom 11 November ISQL
(2) John George Feter^ bom 15 Octo*>er 1900. m Mart/ Bri^ndu, liom 28 March 1897,
(i) Jean Bar barm Bertha EtUaheth^ bom 0 September ISBS.
8, Igidif Ritrrict Georgiana Louisa^ born 6 July 18S4^ married, 16 April 1855, to Thomas George, Becond Earl of Lichfield* who died 7 January 1892, leavlug issue. n. Ltidy Beatrix Fnincts^ born 21 July 1835, married, 23^ May 1854, to George Fretierick D*Arcy, second Earl of Durham, and died 21 January 1871, leaving issue.. He died 27 Novemlier 1879,
10. Liid^ Louisa Jane^ born 16 April 1836, Lady of the Ortler of Victoria and Albert (third class). Mistress of the:^ Hobes to the Queen, and formerly to Queen Victoria^ married, 22 November 1859, to William Henry Walter, sixth Duke of Buccleuch, K.O,, K/r,, and has issue,
JL Lnd|/ Katherine Elizabeth^ born 9 January 1840, married, 26 October 1858, to William Henry, fourth Earl of Mount Edgcnmbe, and died 3 September 1874, leaving issue*
12. Lady Georgmnn Susan, born 7 July 1841, married, 10 March 1882, to Edward, fifth Earl of Winterton, and has issue.
13* Lady Albertha Frances Atirie, born 29 July 1847, mar- ried, 8 November 1869, to George Charles, MarqueS!*^ of Blandford (afterwards eighth Duke of Marlborough,.
72 HAMILTON, EARL OP ABBROOKN
who died 9 November 1892), and has issae. Her marriage was, on her own petition, dissolved in 1883. 14. Lady Maud Evelyn, born 17 December 1850, Lady of the Order of Victoria and Albert (third class) and of the Crown of India, married, 8 November 1869, to Henry Charles Keith, fifth Marquess of Lansdowne, K.G., and has issue.
James, eleventh Earl, third Marquess and second Duke of Abercorn, born 24 August 1838, at Brighton, was educated at Harrow, and matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford, 28 May 1857, became B.A. 1860, and M.A. 1865. He was appointed Hon. Colonel Donegal Militia in 1860, was member of Parliament for the county of Donegal, 1860 to 1880, High Sheriff of the county Tyrone, 1863, Lord of the Bed- chamber to the Prince of Wales, 1866 to 1885, and Qroom of the Stole, 1885 to 1901. He was made a Companion of the Bath (Civil Division), 15 June 1885. In the same year he was appointed Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the county of Donegal, and in 1886 was installed Grand Master of the Freemasons of Ireland, in succession to his father. He proved his right to vote at the election of Representative Peers for Ireland, 13 April 1886, and was sworn of the Privy Council in Ireland, 21 October 1887. He is a Knight of the Dannebrog Order of Denmark, St. Anne of Russia, the Iron Crown, and order of Leopold of Austria, and was created Knight of the Garter by dispensation 10 August 1892. He is a Brigadier of the Royal Company of Archers. In 1901 he was appointed Special Envoy to the Courts of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, Ruasia, Germany, and Saxony, to announce the accession of His Majesty E[ing Edward vii., and at his Coronation, August 1902, was Lord High Constable of Ireland.
He married, 7 January 1869, at Saint George's, Hanover Square, Lady Mary Anna Curzon-Howe, youngest daughter of Richard William Penn, first Earl Howe, by his second wife Anne, second daughter of Admiral Sir John Gore, K.C.B., and by her, who was born 23 July 1848, has had issue : —
1. James Albert Edward, Marquess of Hamilton (for whom His Majesty King Edward vii. was sponsor),
HAMILTON, KARL OF ABEliCORK
73
born at Hamilton Place^ Piccadilly, 30 November 1869, educated at Eton, member of Parliament for Londonderry City since 1900, Captain 1st Life GuardR^ 7 October 1896, Major^ Nortli of Ireland Imperial Yeomanry, 26 Angust 1903, He ac com pan led his father the Duke of Abercorn on his special mission to announce the accession of King Edward vii., 1901. He married, 1 Kovember 1894» Lady Rosaline Cecilia Caroline Bingham, only clang liter of George, fourth Earl of Lucau, K-P., by Lady Cecilia Catherine Gordon-Lennox, daughter of Oliarlen, Duke of Rich- mond, Lennox and Gordon, K,G., and has
(1) Lady Maty Cecilia Hhodesia, born 'H January 1806*
(2) La^]/ Cj^nihia Elinor Bmtrix^ born 10 August 1897.
(3) Ladi/ Kath^riri^, barn 25 Febraary 1900.
2, Lord Claud Pemi Alexander Hamilton^ born and died
18 October 187L
3, Lord Charles Hamilton, born and died 10 April 1874,
4, Lord Claud Francis Hamilton^ born 25 October 1878,
died 25 December following, Tj, Lord Arthur John Hamilton^ born 20 August 1883,
2ijd Lieutenant Irish Guards, 4 December 190L e, A son born and died 31 October 18S6* 7, Lard Claud Nigel BaniiUon^ born 10 November 1880< S. La*l{i Alexamlra Fhyllis (for whom Her Majesty Queen
Alexandra was sponsor), born 23 January 1876, ^, Lad II Glad If s Mary^ burn 10 December 1880, married,
14 January 1902, to Ralph Francis, seventh Earl of
Wicklow, and has issue.
' ma
TiTLES.'^Sir James Hamilton, Duke, Marquess and Earl nf Abercorn, Marquess of Hamilton of Strabaue, Viscount Hamilton and Strabane, Baron of Paisley, Abercorn, HamiUoD, Mountcafitle, Kilpatrick, and Strabane, and a
ronet,
Crkations,— Baron of Paisley, 29 July 1587, with re- mainder to heirs-male whomsoever and assigns; Baron of Abercorn, to heirs-male and assigns whomsoever, 5 April 1603 ; Earl of Abercorn, Baron of Paisley, Hamilton, Mount- castle, and Kilpa trick, 10 July 1606, to heirs-male whomso- ever, all in the Peerage of Scotland : Lord Hamilton, Baron
74 HAMILTON, BARL OF ABBBOOBK
of Strabane, in the county of Tyrone, 18 October 1616, and again 14 August 1634 with the former precedency, with limitation to the heirs-male of the body of James, first Earl of Abercorn; Viscount of Strabane and Baron of Mountcastle, in the county of Tyrone, 2 December 1701, to the heirs-male of the body of the first Viscount ; Marquess of Hamilton of Strabane and Duke of Abercorn, 10 August 1868, to the heirs-male of the body of the first Duke, in the Peerage of Ireland. Viscount Hamilton of Ebkmilton, in the county of Leicester, 24 August 1786, to the first Viscount, with remainder to John James, afterwards ninth Barl, and the heirs-male of his body; Marquess of Abercorn, 15 October 1790, to the heirs-male of the body, in the Peerage of Great Britain.
Arms. — ^No arms were ever officially recorded for the Earls of Abercorn in the Lyon Office, but the following were recorded in Ulster's Office, Ireland, in the * Register of Knights,' 20 July 1866, on the occasion of the late Duke, then Marquess, of Abercorn being sworn Lord-Lieutenant. In Lord8^ Entries^ vol. i., the same Arms are recorded, but without Ohatelherault, in 1767. Quarterly, 1st and 4th, Gules, three cinquefoils pierced ermine, for Hamilton. 3nd and 3rd, Argent, a ship with sails furled and oars sable, tor Arran, over all an escutcheon azure, charged with three fleurs de lis or, surmounted by a French ducal coronet, tor Ohatelherault.*
Obbst. — Out of a ducal coronet an oak fructed and penetrated transversely through the main stem by a frame saw proper, the blade inscribed with the word * Through,' the frame or.
SuppoRTBBS. — ^Two antelopes argent gorged with ducal coronets with chains affixed thereto, passing between their forelegs and reflezed over tlieir backs, unguled and horned or.
Mottoes _/Tfc*'o<*flf^-
MOiTOBS. 1^^ Nohilitat Virtus.
1 For an account of the chtims to the Duchy of Ohatelherault see Herald and Genealogi&t, iv. 97-107, and v. 02 ; also The Complete Peerage,
i.5(o),407.
[a. D. :b.]
^j\i,rJ*,r^iir'Msir^^^^^
^htwcowbit
SANDILANDS, LORD ABERCROMBIE
S cadets of the house of TorphicheD the early his- tory of the family of Sandilands will be treated under the article on the former title : it Is suf* ficient here to say that^ — James Sandu^kos or Oruvik wai* tUe aecond son of Sir Jamc'B SaudUandH of Calder by hi« second wife* Margaret, daughter of Andrew Ker of Aid* touubarii, and who after- wards uiarried Winium, third Earl of ErroL' Hin father apparently had ^tiled the paternal estates on Mm, a** on 17 May 1509 we fiod lilm getting a charter from his nephew, the boo of hm elder brother, couveying to him the Kialocli estates, con- niMtim^ of Oruvie and otliers, in exchauf^e for those of Oaldcr*' He married Catherine Scot/ daughter of Sir William Bcot of Balwery, who afterwards married William WcKwl of Bonyntonii/ JameB Sandilaudi^ died before Whit- aandaj 1534/ leaving Imue :— 1, James.
2* Mr. John^ jmr^ouof Hawick. He married Janet Cmig,
daughter of Robert Craig, burgeua of Kdiuburgh, and
ideter of tlie celebmted jurist* Sir Thomas Craig.' He
died 21 May 1563/ leaving an only daughter* Margaret/
3, Elizabeth^ married David Forrester ol Garden.*
* Acta D&m, ei Cone., L 15, ' Con firmed 7 July 1609, Beg. Mag, Sig. • iWit * ibid., V9 Mari^lt 15»i 7, 9 June 1540. * Exx^h. HolU, x\i, MT. ^ Test, of Roiiert Ctnig. Kdln, Testa, : Etg. of Deeds, kvI 268. ^ Edln, Teste. " Xbid, ^ Htg. Mag. Sig,, 1 February l&il 2.
76 SANDILANDS, LORD ABBRCROMBIB
4. Hcletiy married to George Towers of Inverleith, and
had a charter from him before marriage of Dairy, in the county of Bdinburgh, in liferent.*
5. Barbara^ married January 1556-7 (contract 19 December
1556) to John Forbes of Rires, and had by him two daughters.* She was divorced 15 January 1564-5 for adultery with Patrick Hunter of Balcarres, by whom she had a son in May 1563.^
Jambs Sandilands op Oruvy, the eldest son, had a precept from Chancery in November 1534 : * had a charter on 9 June 1540 of half the lands of Brokland, county Perth, and Cruvy, county Fife, and others which were in- corporated into the barony of Petlair.* He is styled of St. Monans in Fife in the charter to his sister Helen above mentioned. He had a charter on 16 August 1549 of the lands of OoUessie and others on his resignation to himself and his wife Blizabeth Meldrum/ and one of Cruvy in exchange for Brokland, 22 May 1557.' On 21 January 1583-4 he excambed half the lands of Cruvy for half of Weddersbie and others with David Carnegie of CoUuthie/ to whom on the 28th of the same month he sold hall his lands of Newton of Oollessie. He died 2 November 1585.* He married three times — First, Blizabeth Meldrum;*" secondly, Janet, daughter of Andrew, Lord Gray, relict of William Ogilvy of Inchmartin ; " thirdly, Elizabeth, daughter of William Ramsay of Brakmonth, relict of Robert Watson, con- tract 19 October 1582." He had issue —
1. James.
2. Mr. Thomas, tutor of St. Monans in 1587.*^
3. Petevy of North Pittedie.'*
1 Reg. Mag, Sig,, 25 April 1646. * Acta and Decreets^ xx. 285 ; Macfarlane Gen, Coll,, li. 220 ; Lumsden's Family of ForbeSy 33. ' Edin, Commia- sariot Decreets, i. 304. * Exch, Rolls, xvi. 587. ^ Reg, Mag, Sig, • /Wrf, 7 Confirmed 13 June 15^, Ibid, « Confirmed 23 Jan., Ibid. 9 Edinburgh Tests. ^^ Reg, Mag, Sig., 16 August 1549. " Ibid., 29 November 1670. »« Rtg. of Deeds, xx. pt. 2, fol. 290; Ibid., xxlli. 364. >3 Fife Inhibitions, 12 January 1587-a >* Reg. of Deeds, xxxiii. 2 Feb. 1602.
SANDILANDS, LORD ABEROROMBIB 77
4. Mr. Andrew,^ acted as tutor to his kinsman Lord
Torphichen during his minority ; * married Euphemia Kinninmond, widow of Alexander Abercrombie of that ilk.'
5. John^ who married Elizabeth, ^daughter of Patrick
Ogilvy of Inchmartin/
6. Davids
7. Janetj married (contract 11 December 1560) to James
Learmonth of Dairsie.*
8. Grisel, married (contract 25 August 1565) to John
Strang of Balcaskie/
James Sandilands* the eldest son, died v. p. 29 March 1580/
He married, first, Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Betoun of Oreich (contract 21 May 1561) ; * secondly, Isabel, daughter of John Strang of Balcaskie (contract 9 September 1569)." The marriage took place, or was appointed to take place, 25 December 1569." She survived him and married, secondly, Ninian Bonar of Keltic."
By his first wife he had
1. Elizabeth^ described in 1590 as the only surviving
child of the marriage."
There may have been another daughter, Marjory^ who died 19 May 1588, described as Lady St. Monans, wife of John Ramsay of Brackmonth.^^
By his second wife he had
2. William^ who succeeded his grandfather.
3. Christian.
4. Margaret.^^
These are all mentioned in his will.
William Sandilands was served heir to his grandfather James in the barony of Petlair and other lands in Fife,
^ Reg, of Detda, xxxiii., 2 Feb. 1602 ; Reg, Mag. Sig,, 21 January 15834. ' M'CaU*8 Midcalder, 76 ; Reg. Mag. Sig., 15 February 1600. » Fife Inhibitions, 16 June 1600. * Reg. of Deeds, xii. 303. * Fife Inhibs., 10 February 1501-2. • Reg. of Deeds, iv. 9. ^ Ibid., vii. 222. » Edin- burgh Tests. • Reg. of Deeds, iv. 450. w Ads and Decreets, xlv. 117. " Ibid. " Reg. of Deeds, xxiv. 172. » IHd., xxxvii. 198^ " Edinburgh Tests. ** Reg. of Deeds, Ixi., Z^ June 1508.
78 SANDILANDB, LORD ABEROROMfilE
16 March 1602, and in the ecclesiastical lands and the vicarage of Baster Kinghorn, 14 September 1619.^ On 31 July 1596 he had a charter from the king of the lands of St. Monans, the town of wliich was erected into a burgh of barony with a free port : he had also the right of collecting harbour dues in consideration of the expenses he had been at in the construction of the haven,' and on 6 April 1609 he liad a charter to the same effect from the Bishop of St. Andrews on the restoration of episcopacy. On 1 August 1601 he had a grant in feu-farm of the lands of Houston, county Haddington,^ and on 29 May 1601 he had a charter from David Oarnegy of Kinnaird to himself and his wife Jean Bothwell of half the lands of Scheillis, county Fife.* He died in October 1644, aged 72. He married before June 1593 Jean Bothwell, daughter of Adam, Bishop of Orkney.' She died 10 February 1625.* By her he had
1. James.
2. William.
3. Mr. Andrew.
4. John.
5. Margaretj married Sir James Learmonth of Balcomle,
a Lord of Session, 1627-57.'
6. Mary^ called second daughter.'
7. Christian^ married Adam Bothwell of Pitcaly.
8. Catherine.
9. Elizabeth. 10. Jean.^
Sir James Sandilands, the eldest son, mairied in August 1620 Agnes Oarnegie," second daughter of Sir David Oarnegie of Kinnah-d, first Earl of Southesk. She died July 1637." Sir James was knighted 1630, and predeceased his father, dying in 1644 or 1645."
By liis wife he had tliree sons and three daughters.
1. James.
2. David.
3. Oeorge.
1 Betoors, Fife, 205. * Reg. Mag. Sig. ' Ibid. * Confirmed 24th August 1610, Ibid. « Reg. of Deeds, xllv. 205. « St Andrews Tests. • Laing Charters, 183a » Fife Saslnes, v. i:i6. « Ibid,, ii. 345. lo Contract 5 and 8 August " St Andrews To^^ts. " Cf. Reg. Mag. Sig., 23 July 1G49.
SANBILAl^DS, LORD AEBEOROMBIE
79
4. Margaret,
5. Catherine, 0* Marjory,
All jneiitioQed in their father's will,
1. SlE Jam Eg Bajidilands, son of the preceding, was knighted before 1643, and was served heir to tiia grand > father 5 July 1G45.^ He had a charter to liimself and his wife of the barony of Ferniflat, couoty Kin- cardiDe^ 16 December 1643,' and one of the barony of Abercromble, In the county of Fife, on the resignation of ^Jame@ Orjchton, 10 July 1646, but did not hold it loug^ remgning it on 18 June 1640." He was by patent dated al Carisbrook, 12 December 1647, created LORD ABER- CROMBIE, with remainder to the heirs-male of his body/ Being a riotous youth he wasted his whole estate in five years after his succession, ami in 1649 disjjosed of the lands of St* Monans to Sir Jameij Arnot of Fernie for 57,000 merks/ the barony of Abercrombie, including the lands above-nientioued, being acquired on 10 January 1650 by General David Leslie, who took his title of Lord Hewark from the castle on them/ In Marcli 1650 he embarked at Kirkcaldy for the Continent, wiiere he rc- maiiied till 1658. On Zl December 1666 he executed a disposition of his estates in favour of his creditors, on which he obtained a decreet, 27 February 1667,' and in a charter of the estates of Largie and Fernyflat, in Kincardineshire, granted to Robert, Earl of Southesk, 5 August 1673* he is not styled 'quondam,' but as this was a charter proceed- . Ing on a recognition on account of alienation of the greater part of tlie estate without the licence of the king. It cannot be relied on to prove that he was alive at the date mentioned.
Lord Abercrombie married, first, Jean Orichton (contract 4 August 1643), daughter of Patrick Lichtoun of Dunninald/ Having aecosed bis wife of iocontinency, he assaulted an elder and the kirk beadle of the parish of Abercrombie, who were sent to summon the lady to appear before the session.
* BelotLTB, Fife. fl&2. = Confirmed 1 March 1644 1 Reg. Mag. Sig, « /W^ * /Mrf. * lUd., 2& May, confirmed U June IWO. "^ Ihid, T DecrseU, Durie, * Meff. Mag. Sig. ■* Ibid., 1 March nM4.
80 SANDILANDS, LORD ABBBOBOMBIB
At a meeting of the Presbytery of St. Andrews held on 1 August 1649, it was resolved to summon Lord Abercrombie to their next meeting to answer for the assault and for his scandalous intemperance and other miscarriages. On 12 September he appeared before them, confessed his faults and promised amendment, and also that his wife should go to the session of Falkland and clear herself of the scandal alleged against her. He subsequently acknowledged, in a letter to the Synod of Fife, that this scandal was quite groundless, and had been invented by himself. The matter was referred to the Presbytery of Oupar, which body, at a meeting held on 17 January 1650, appointed him to appear in the church of Falkland on a Sunday forenoon after sermon and declare his guilt before the congregation. He was ultimately publicly censured by the Church. Mean- while the baptism of his child had been delayed till the scandal had been cleared, and it did not take place till 30 April 1650, the child being presented, in the absence of Lord Abercrombie, who had by that time left the country, by the laird of Edlbracmonth, who bound himself to satisfy for anything that might thereafter be objected against Lady Abercrombie anent the scandal at Falkland.* When Jean, Lady Abercrombie, died, is not known.
Lord Abercrombie married, secondly, Christian Fletcher, widow of James Gi-ainger, minister of Kinneff, previous te 5 January 1664, when he grants her a liferent charter of the lands of Largie, under the designation of Dame Christian Fletcher, Lady Abercrombie.^ This was the lady who had carried away the crown of Scotland in her lap when Dunnottar Castle was about to be surrendered to the Buglish, and who, along with her husband, was so instru* mental in securing the subsequent safety of the Scottish regalia. In 1661 she got a grant from the Estates of lOOO merks as a testimony of their sense of the services she had rendered.^ There must have been some diflSculty about the payment of this, as on 21 August 1686 James vii. granted warrant to pay to * Lady Abercromby ' the sum of £90 sterling, the balance due of £100 sterling granted her by
* See the whole story told at length in the History of the CamegieSy, Earls ofSoutheskj by Lord Southesk, i. 123-6. * Aberdeen Sasines, ii. 636. ' Acta Pari. Scot., vil. 11.
SANBILANDS, LORD ABEROROMBIE
81
rles II. ^ 10 consideration of her preserving the honours of the kingdom the time of the late usurpation/* This proves that OJiristian Fletclier, Lady Abercrombie of 16ti4t was the Christian Fletcher, the wife of the niinieter of Kinneff above mentioned^ It is also curious as showing that Lord Abercrombie, scapegrace though he was, must have had certain pereoual attractions, aa he married liis second wife certainly within a year, and perhaps less, of her ftret husband's death, Mr, Grainger having died between 14tli January and 20th May 1663.' By Jean Lichtoun he had : — 1* JameB^
2* Anna, who appears as a creditor of her father in the deed of 3l8t December 1666 above mentioned, for the sum of f 2000 due her by Lord Abercrombic's marriage contract with Dame Jean Lichtoun,
\^I. Jambs, second Lord Abercrombie, was the last
ler of the title, dying unmarried, in obscurity and
Bfty, at Kinnefl in 1681, when the peerage becanie
sitinct. The Lords of Session in their return to the
louse of Lords in 1740 observe that St does not appear
bat either the patentee or any successor of his in that
right ever sat or voted in Parliament, nor had any one
lever offered to vote in right of that peerage at any
lelectlon of peers since the Union,
Arms*— Ko authority for his arms has been found, except painting in a volume of Peers' Arms in the Lyon Office, (of date circa 1720. They are there given as follows :—
Quarterly : 1st and 4th argent, a bend azure, for Sandi- landB; 2nd and 3rd argent, a man^s heart enslgned with an imperial crown proper, for Douglae,
Oebst* — A talbot's head couped argent, collared a^ure.
Sotpobters.— Two talbots argent, collared azure.
< Trmmry BtQ., iii. 133. « Scotrs Fa^i EceL Scot, fli. 875.
[j. B. P.]
VOL. L
dik
EARLS OF ABERDEEN
N account of the origin of the House of Gordon is more properly given in the article on the Earl- dom and Marqtiessate of Huntly, for the Earls of Huntly were undoubtedly accepted as chiefs by all the Gordons in Scotland, notwithstandiDg that their ancestor was a So ton, who married the heiress of Gordon. There are several families whose ancestry can be traced to a period anterior to the Seton marriage^ but their precise athUation to the parent stem cannot yet be proved, Crawford in his Lives of the Officers of State states a pedigree of the Gordons of Methlic, now Earls of Aberdeen, which has apparently no other authority than genealogical charts in his posseSBion. It is, however^ certain that Elizabeth, heiress of Gordon, wlio married Alexander Seton, had two uncles, Jolio and Thomas, whose legitimacy has always been in dispute, and from one or other of them most of the North Country Gordons have usually claimed descent.
In a MS« volume of some collections of the antiquary George Chalmers, in the possession of the writer, the precise origin of the Gordons of Methlic is stated to be as follows :—
JoiTN, second son of John de Gordon, Lord of Strath* bogie, was designed of Essie, and married Margaret, sister of Sir Richard Maitland of Gight, and had three sons. (1) JoJin, ancestor of Pitlurg; (2) William, ancestor of
labcrbcm
r
EARLS OF ABERDEEN M
Lesmoir; and! (3) James of Methllc. This account does not refer to any authority » and is probably a copy of some pedigree found by dialmers among Pitlurg deeds,^ It is, however, chronologically possible, and would satis- factorOy aceouat for the fact that the early Gordons of Mettiljc were always stjied kinsmen by the Earls of Huntly. e first Gordon of Methlie who appears in liistory is
Patrick, who was killed at Brechin on Ascension Day 1452, Ughting in the King's army under the Earl of Himtly agaiast the Earl of Orawford in rebellion, and the Haddo House charters indicate that the lands had previously belonged in superior! t^v to the families of de FuUertoun, de Gbmera or Chalmers, Barclay of Menteith, and Meldrum. From these the father of Patrick Gordon^ who may well ve been the James of the Pitlurg pedigree, doubtless quired some interest, afterwards paramount, while the nds of Kellie were held by Gordon of Methlie of the Earls I Orawford until the sixteenth century. The succesBor of Patrick was
Jambs Gordon, of Methlie and Kelly, who acquired Haddo md half Methlie from William Foularton, 22 June !409/ said to have had five sons and two daughters. 1. Patrice^ his heir.
Robert of Fetterletter. 3p Alesander^ Rector of Fetteresso, Precentor of Moray, Bishop of Aberdeen, 1514-18/ He died 29 June 1518. George of Auchterhouse.
Jatnes^ Rector of Lomnay, witnesses a charter of James Gordon of Methlie^ 25 May 1540, confirmed 5 June 1540/ Isabel^ wife of Alexander Allardice of that Ilk, Margaret^ wife of Alexander Fraser of Durris/ He died 1475.
Patrick Gordon of Methlie, had aasine of Metlillc as son |nd heir, 19 April 1475/ and acquired all the Park of Kellie,,
See similar pedigree from Cratg Charter- chest, printed in Thr. GordoiiM ' Z$wm4Hr^ hj CapL D. Wlmberley^ ISOa, 86; cf. 4, 03. * Haddo Houae barters. ^ Keith's Scottish BiAfiops^ 110* * RcQ' Mag, Sig, ^ Mac far- ae'a Gtn. Col., ii, 3s^ ^ Haddo Charters.
Mll^^
81 BABLS OF ABBkDBBN
with the teinds, from David and Henry Annand ; he also acquired the de Camera or Ohahners interests in Methlic. He appears as Patrick Gordon of Methlik in an instrument of 22 May 1488,* and also as witness to a precept by Oeorge, Earl of Huntly, to John Grant of Freuchie, on 14 June 1491.' Patrick Gordon had a royal charter of various lands in the regality of Garioch, 30 August 1505/ some of which he had acquired from the Leslies in 1480, all by this charter incor- porated into the barony of Knockinblewis. He also had a royal confirmation of a charter of Archadlie from William de St. Olair, Baron of Newburgh, 20 July 1487/ He is probably identical with Patrick Gordon of Audach, witness to a charter of John Qhene of Straloch, 4 June 1499/ and with Patrick Gordon of Haudauch, who appears in an assize of service of William Forbes of Tolquhan, 1 February 1504-5.* In 1531 he resigned the two Methlics in the King*8 hands in favour of his grandson, and died before 2 March 1534, when his son Alexander refers to a recent Obligation by him.^ He is said to have married Marion Ogilvie of the house of Findlater, and had issue : —
1. Georoe, eldest son, living 5 March 1524/ who died
vitd patris. He is said to have married a daughter of Hay of Dalgety, and left issue : —
(1) James, who succeeded his grandfather.
(2) Elizabeth, married to Thomas Chene of Essilmoni.* James
Gordon of Haddo is called * moder brother ' of Patriok Chene of EssUmont in 1573. *o
2. Alexander of Braco, in whose favour his father
resigned the barony of Knockinblewis 26 July 1529." He had a royal charter thereon, 1 August same year." On 7 August 1529 he gave up all his right to the Park of Kellie, Overhill, and other lands in the barony of Auchterellon, to his father in exchange for Auchinblewis, and received sasine of that barony^on same day." By Elizabeth Annand, his wife, he had a son and heir, Patrickj who had a new infeftment
1 Orig. in Gen. Reg. House, No. 539 B. « The Chiefs of Grant, iii. 39. 3 Reg, Mag, Sig. * Ibid., confd. 4 Oct. » IHd. • Antiq. of Aberdeen, iii. 551. 7 Sir John Cristison, Protoool Book, Gen. Reg, House, f. 43, a, b, « Haddo Charters. ® Beg, Mag, Sig,, 2 January 1539-40. *o j^cts and Decreets, li. 123. »» Haddo Charters. »• Beg. Mag. Sig. " Protocol Book, Sir John Cristison, ut cit, f. 286.
EAUIS op ABERDEEN
85
to him and Janet Setoti, hjs spouse, 19 October 1556,^ There Is a further progress of writs at Haddo House to 1678i the successors being always styled of Braco, Janet married, as his second wife, Alexander Forbes of Oroddie and Towie-*
jAMne Gordon of MethUc and Haddo succeeded his grand- father, and had a royal charter of the two Methlics, in free barony, U September 1531, in his grandfather's life- time, and again to himself on 31 May 1539/ He api>ear3 as Jamea Gordon of * Haddaucbi ^ on 12 April 1535^ when he received sasine of the lands of Duchre, and also on 15 November same year^ when he was one of the arbiters in a dispute about marches between his brother Alexander and Janies Forbes of Auchintoul/ On 11 February 1560* as James Gk»rdon of Haddo, he granted a ciiarter to Clirlstlan Fraser (daughter of Andrew Fraser of Stoneywood)^ but in the confi^rmatioD by Queen Mary IB July 1564/ he is called *of Methlik/ He bad witnessed a charter of George LesUet younger of Aikinway, by that designation^ 15 July 1557.* On 28 May 1559 he had a charter as ^ consanguiueus ' from Oeorge, Lord Gordon, of lands in Tarves and many others, with destination to his sonSp^ He was a faithful adherent of Queen Mary, and died before 23 May 1582,' when his grandson had a gift of nonentries as his heir. His wife, Marjory Menzies^ is mentioned in a charter of the New College of Aberdeen^ 16 March 1543, and in a charter of Newpark of Kellie by the Earl of Crawford, 17 July 1575, He had issue : —
1. Patrick, died v.p,
% Robert of Saphak, married Hlizabeth Auchinlack, and had issue.
3* Davidy supposeii ancestor of the Gordons of Ne therm uir.
4< John of Til If eh lit, had charter thereof from his father, 8 July 1575.*
5. Jameg.
d^ Alexander .
* Btg^ Mag, Sig, ^ Records of Aboynt^ 72; Macfurlmie'e Gfn. n>/., ft. 240, * B^g. Mag* Sig, at date^. * Cristlt^on^a Pi'otctcol Book, ut s^iiprut m Ma^ 866. * Reg. Sec. Sig., xxxil 117* ^ lUg. Mag. Stg., 12 Dec. imi, ^ Haddo Charters, cgnllrmed 17 February 1501-5 ; Reg^ Mag, Slg, » lUg. Sec. Sig,. xlvHL 137. » Haddo CharlerE.
88
EARLS OF ABERDEEN
Patrick, the eldest sod, died vita patrls^ From the charter of February 1560 referred to he seems to have married Ohristiaa Fraser, above designed, by whom he had
Jamm of HaddOi eldest son of Patrick, who succeeded his grandfather id 1582, and had charter of novodamus to himself and his eldest son of Haddo and the two Methlicst 10 December 1600/ He died November 1623.' He married, first (contract, 25 July 1582)» Jean, daughter of William, Lord Keith, and sister of George, fifth Earl Marischal/ bj whom he had issue ; —
1, Geoege.
2, Willium^ portioner of ArchadUe, resigned 1631*
He marriedj secondly, Agnes Gordon, said to have been the daughter of John Gordon of Tilly hilt, and therefore her husband's first cousin,* by whom he had
3, Janet, married to Thomas Davidson, Oommissary Cflerk
of Aberdeen,* She was served heir to her father in certain lands, 11 February 1625/ He had also a daughter, Mary^ mentioned a.d. 1599,^ *
George, his eldest son, had a confirmation on 23 Novem- ber 1608,^ of a charter by him in fuliliinent of marriage contract, dated 24 January 1006, with Margaret, daughter of George Baunerman of Wattertoun, He died vita patriB, and his widow married, secondly. Sir William Keith of Ludquharo/ George Gordon had issue by his wife :—
John, who was re toured heir-general to liis grandfather, 11 May 1630, and had cliarter of novodamus of the lands and barony of Haddo, 4 July 1636 J° He was appointed next in command to the Marquees of Huntly over the forces raised to oppose the Covenanters, and was present at the action at Turreff, 1639* He joined the Koyal Standard at Newark in 1642, and, after being engaged in several operations, was sent to Scotland as Lieutenant under George, Marquess of Huntly-
1 Heg. Ma{t. Stflf. * Aberdeen Rebours, 186, 217. * Eeg, Stc. Sig,, L 81.
* Thanage of Fermairtj-ne, 7* ^ Aberdeen HorBingBi, 19 July ItilMlk
* AlHird©en Retoura, 1S6. ^ Aberdeen Hortiings* ix* 200. * Beg, Mug, iSig. ^ Acts and D€tT€€t&^ cccxliv. 2?«i; Aberdisvu Hoinings, 23 Auguat 1023. *« lUg. Mug, Sig,
EARLS OF ABERDEEN
87
He was created by King Cha^les^ bj letters patent dated at Yorkt iS August 1642, a Knight Baronet of Scotland, with retnainder to the heirs-male o( his body. The Marquess of Hutitly and Sir John Gordon were excommunicated by the General Assembly, 14 April 1644. Sir John was besieged In his house of Kellie in May following, aod the garrisoD failing liim, had to surrender to Argyll and a large force. The fine ^ Place of Kellie/ a sumptuously furoished house was com- pletely destroyed^ and the surroundiog country devastated-' He was taken prisoner to Edinburgh and was indicted for high treason. He produced the King's Commission and pleaded the Act of Paciflcatiou, but without avail. The Estates of Parliament passed an Act, 29 June 1644, having retrospective effect, and Sir John was arraigned, found guilty, and forfeited. He was thereupon executed, com- mending his soul to God, and his six eliildren to his Majesty's care, confessing Jiis sins^ but denying that he had transgressed the laws of his country. In the subse- quent patent of the Earldom of Aberdeen his services and death are narrated at length *so that it may be very justly said that he died a Martyr for us and our Grown.' '
Bir John married Janet, daughter of William Forbes of Tolquhoun, and had issue : —
1. JOHK, second Baronet,
2. Patrick, died s.p.ni.
3. Gkoege, third Baronet and Earl of Aberdeen*
4. Charles.
5. James^ of Saphak, which lands he had from his eldest
brother, and resigned to the Earl, 20 March 1683.
6. Jean^ married (contract dated , • . 1655),- John Forbes
of Waterton,
7. Jonet^ contracted 8 November 1650 to George Morrison
of Barraki
Sm JOHH Gordon of Haddo succeeded his father as second Baronet,* and was retoured heir to his father in KirktoQ of Tarves and other lands on 14 May 1647.* An Act of Parliament restoring the bairns of the laird of
' Spalding'^ ffUt, \L 222*224. * Bond of Provision, Haddo Chartera. > Aberdeen Saaines« ^viiL 274i * Haddo Charters, ^ Aberdeen Hetoius, No. 286.
88 EARLS OF ABERDEEN
Haddo was passed 3 March 1647, but Sir John does not appear to have acquired full possession of his estates before the Restoration, when liis forfeiture was rescinded in 1661.' He died in March 1667, as recited in his testament-dative,' which was confirmed