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YALE STUDIES IN ENGLISH ALBERT S. COOK, EDITOR
LXIII
THE OLD ENGLISH PHYS1OLOGUS
TEXT AND PROSE TRANSLATION BY
ALBERT STANBURROUGH COOK
Professor of the English Language and Literature in Yale University
VERSE TRANSLATION BY
JAMES HALL PITMAN
Fellow in English of Yale University
NEW HAVEN : YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS
LONDON: HUMPHREY MILFORD
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
MDCCCXXI
PR rib A
WEIMAR: PRINTED BY R. WAGNER SOHN.
PREFACE
The Old English Physiologus, or Bestiary, is a series of three brief poems, dealing with the mythical traits of a land-animal, a sea-beast, and a bird respectively, and deducing from them certain moral or religious lessons. These three creatures are selected from a much larger numbeY treated in a work of the same name which was compiled at Alexandria before 140 B. C., originally in Greek, and afterwards translated into a variety of lan guages — into Latin before 431. The standard form of the Physiologus has 49 chapters, each dealing with a separate animal (sometimes imaginary) or other natural object, beginning with the lion, and ending with the ostrich; examples of these are the pelican, the eagle, the phoenix, the ant (cf. Prov. 6.6), the fox, the unicorn, and the salamander. In this standard text, the Old English poems are represented by chapters 16, 17, and 18, deal ing in succession with the panther, a mythical sea- monster called the asp-turtle (usually denominated the whale), and the partridge. Of these three poems, the third is so fragmentary that little is left except eight lines of religious application, and four of exhortation by the poet, so that the outline of the poem, and especi ally the part descriptive of the partridge, must be con- jecturally restored by reference to the treatment in the fuller versions, which are based upon Jer. 17. n (the texts drawn upon for the application in lines 5—11 are 2 Cor. 6. 17, 18; Isa. 55.7; Heb: 2. 10, n).
iv Preface
It has been said: 'With the exception of the Bible, there is perhaps no other book in all literature that has been more widely current in every cultivated tongue and among every class of people.' Such currency might be illustrated from many English authors. Two passages from Elizabethan literature may serve as specimens — the one from Spenser, the other from Shakespeare. The former is from the Faerie Queene (i. 11.34) :
At last she saw, where he upstarted brave
Out of the well, wherein he drenched lay;
As Eagle fresh out of the Ocean wave,
Where he hath left his plumes all hoary gray.
And deckt him&elfe with feathers youthly gay,
Like Eyas hauke up mounts unto the skies,
His newly budded pineons to assay,
And marveiles at himselfe, still as he flies:
So new this new-borne knight to battell new did rise.
The other is from Hamlet (Laertes to the King) :
To his good friends thus wide I'll ope my arms; And like the kind life-rendering pelican, Repast them with my blood.1
However widely diffused, the symbolism exemplified by the Physiologus is peculiarly at home in the East. Thus Egypt symbolized the sun, with his death at night passing into a rebirth, by the phoenix, which, by a natural extension, came to signify the resurrection. And the Bible not only sends the sluggard to the ant, and bids men consider the lilies of the field, but with a large sweep commands (Job 12.7, 8) : 'Ask now the beasts, and they shall teach thee ; and the fowls of the air, and they shall tell thee ; or speak to the earth, and it shall teach thee ; and the fishes of the sea shall declare unto thee.'
1 Alfred de Musset, in La Nttit de Mai, develops the image of the pelican through nearly thirty lines.
Preface v
The text as here printed is extracted from my edition, The Old English Elene, Phoenix, and Physiologus (Yale University Press, 1919), where a critical apparatus may be found ; here it may be sufficient to say that Italic letters in square brackets denote my emendations, and Roman letters those of previous editors. The trans lations have not hitherto been published, and no com plete ones are extant in any language, save those con tained in Thorpe's edition of the Codex Exoniensis, which appeared in 1842. The long conjectural passage in the Partridge is due wholly to Mr. Pitman.
A. S. C.
March 27, 1921.
y
PHYSIOLOGUS
PHYSIOLOGUS
I THE PANTHER
Monge sindon geond middangeard unrlmu cynn, [fidra] f>e we 3eJ>elu ne magon ryhte areccan ne rim witan ; J)8BS wide sind geond wor[w]l[d] innan 5 fugla and deora foldhrerendra
wornas widsceope, swa wseter bibuged {)isne beorhtan bosm, brim grymetende, sealtyj>a geswing.
We bi sumum hyrdon wraetlic[Mw] gecynd[0] wildra secgan, 10 firum freamaerne, feorlondum on, eard weardian, edles neotan, aefter dunscrafum. Is jDaet deor Pandher bi noman haten, J)SBS J)e nipj)a bear[n],
Many, yea numberless, are the tribes throughout the world whose natures we can not rightly expound nor their multitudes reckon, so immense are the swarms of birds and earth-treading animals wherever water, the roaring ocean, the surge of salt billows, encompasses the smiling bosom of earth.
We have heard about one marvelous kind of wild beast which inhabits, in lands far off, a domain renowned among men, rejoicing there in his home amid the moun tain-caves. This beast is called panther, as the learned
PHYSIOLOGUS
I THE PANTHER
Of living creatures many are the kinds Throughout the world — unnumbered, since no man Can count their multitudes, nor rightly learn The ways of their wild nature ; wide they roam, These beasts and birds, as far as ocean sets A limit to the earth, embracing her And all her sunny fields with salty seas And toss of roaring billows.
We have heard
From men of wider lore of one wild beast, Wonderful dweller in a far-off land Renowned of men, who loves his native glens And dusky caverns. Him have wise men called
4 The Panther
wisfaeste weras, on gewritum 15 bi pam anstapan.
Se is ae[g]hwam freond,
duguda estig, butan dracan anum ;
pam he in ealle tid andwra9 leofaj),
purh yfla gehwylc J>e he geaeman maeg. Baet is wraetlic deor, wundrum scyne, 20 hiwa gehwylces. Swa haele5 secgaS,
gaesthalge guman, jpaette losephes
tunece waere telga gehwylces
bleom bregdende, J>ara beorhtra gehwylc,
aeghwaes aenlicra, oprum Hxte 25 dryhta bearnum, swa J)83S deores hiw,
blaeC, brigda gehwaes, beorhtra and scynra
wundrum Iixe9, J>aette wraetlicra
aeghwylc 6J>rum, aenlicra gien
and faegerra, frsetwum bliceQ, 30 symle sellicra.
He hafad sundorgecynd,
among the children of men report in their books con cerning that lonely wanderer.
He is a friend, bountiful in kindness, to every one save only the dragon ; with him he always lives at enmi ty by means of every injury he can inflict.
He is a bewitching animal, marvelously beautiful with every color. Just as, according to men holy in spirit, Joseph's coat was variegated with hues of every shade, each shining before the sons of men brighter and more perfect than another, so does the color of this beast blaze with every diversity, gleaming in wondrous wise so clear and fair that each tint is ever lovelier than the next, glows more enchanting in its splendor, more rare, more beauteous, and more strange.
He has a nature all his own, so gentle and so calm is
The Panther
The panther, and in books have told of him, The solitary rover.
He is kind,
A bounteous friend to every living thing Save one alone, the dragon ; but with him The panther ever lives at enmity, Employing every means within his power To work him evil.
Fair is he, full bright And wonderful of hue. The holy scribes Tell us how Joseph's many-colored coat, Gleaming with varying dyes of every shade, Brilliant, resplendent, dazzled all men's eyes That looked upon it. So the panther's hues Shine altogether lovely, marvelous, While each fair color in its beauty glows Ever more rare and charming than the rest. His wondrous character is mild, and free
6 The Panther
milde, gemetfaest. He is mon^waire, lufsum and leoftael : nele la]>es wiht ae[ng]um geaBman butan J>am attorsceapan, his fyrngeflitan, JDC ic aer fore saegde.
35 Symle, fylle faegen, Jxmne foddor J>iged, sefter {>am gereordum raeste seced, dygle stowe under dunscrafum ; daer se {>eo[d]wiga £>reonihta faec swifeS on swe[o]fote, slaepe gebiesga[d].
40 ponne ellenrof up astonde9,
prymme gewelga[d], on pone priddan daeg, sneome of slaepe. Sweghleopor cymed, wo{>a wynsumast, f>urh J)83S wildres mu5 ; aefter Jjaere stefne stenc ut cymed
45 of f>am wongstede - wynsumra steam,
swettra and swipra, swsscca gehwylcum, wyrta blostmum and wudubledum, eallum aej>elicra eorpan fraBtw[um].
it. Kind, attractive, and friendly, he has no though" of doing harm to any save the envenomed foe, hi ancient adversary of whom I spoke.
When, delighting in a feast, he has partaken of food, ever at the end of the meal he betakes himself to his resting-place, a hidden retreat among the mountain- caves ; there the champion of his race, overcome by sleep, abandons himself to slumber for the space of three nights. Then the dauntless one, replenished with vigor, straightway arises from sleep when the third day has come. A melody, the most ravishing of strains, flows from the wild beast's mouth ; and, following the music, there issues a fragrance from the place — a fume more transporting, sweet, and strong than any odor whatever, than blossoms of plants or fruits of the forest, choicer
The Panther
From all disturbing passion. Gracious, kind, And full of love, he meditates no harm But to that venomous foe, as I have told, His ancient enemy.
Once he has rejoiced
His heart with feasting, straight he finds a nook Hidden among dim caves, his resting-place. There three nights' space, in deepest slumber wrapped, The people's champion lies. Then, stout of heart, The third day he arises fresh from sleep, Endowed with glory. From the creature's mouth Issues a melody of sweetest strains ; And close upon the voice a balmy scent Fills all the place — an incense lovelier, Sweeter, and abler to perfume the air, Than any odor of an earthly flower Or scent of woodland fruit, more excellent
8 The Panther
ponne of ceastrum and cynestolum
50 and of burgsalum beornj)reat monig farad foldwegum folca pryjDum ; eoredcystum, ofestum gefysde, dareSlacende — deor [s]wa some — sefter Jjaere stefne on J>one stenc faraQ.
55 Swa is Dryhten God, dreama Raedend, eallum eaQmede of>rum gesceaftum, duguSa gehwylcre, butan dracan anum, attres ordfruman - J)aet is se ealda feond f>one he gesailde in susla grund, .
60 and gefetrade fyrnum teagum,
bif>eahte preanydum ; and J)y J)riddan daege of digle aras, JDSBS J)e he dead fore us f>reo niht Jjolade, peoden engla, sigora Sellend. paet waes swete stenc,
65 wlitig and wynsum, geond woruld ealle. SiJ)J)an to J)am swicce so9fseste men,
than aught that clothes the earth with beauty. There upon from cities, courts, and castle-halls many companies of heroes flock along the highways of earth ; the wielders of the spear press forward in hurrying throngs to that perfume — and so also do animals — when once the music has ceased.
Even so the Lord God, the Giver of joy, is gracious to all creatures, to every order of them, save only the dragon, the source of venom, that ancient enemy whom he bound in the abyss of torments ; shackling him with fiery fetters, and loading him with dire constraints, he arose from darkness on the third day after he, the Lord of angels, the Bestower of victory, had for three nights endured death on our behalf. That was a sweet perfume through out the world, winsome and entrancing. Henceforth,
The Panther 9
Than all this world's adornments. Then from town And palace, then from castle-hall, come forth Along the roads great troops of hurrying men — The very beasts come also; all press on Toward that sweet odor, when the voice is stilled.
Such as this creature is the Lord our God, Giver of joys, to all creation kind, To men benignant, save alone to him, The dragon, author of all wickedness, Satan, the ancient adversary whom, Fettered with fire, shackled with dire constraint, Into the pit of torments God cast down. The third day Christ arose from out the grave, For three nights having suffered death for us, He, Lord of angels, he in whom alone Is hope of overcoming. Far and wide The tidings spread, like perfume fresh and sweet, Through all the world. Then to that fragrance thronged
io The Panther
on healfa gehwone, heapum prungon geond ealne ymbhwyrft eorjmn sceat[a]. Swa se snottra gecwaeS Sanctus Paulus : 70 ' Monigfealde sind geond middangeard god ungny5e IDC us to giefe daele9 and to feorhnere Feeder selmihtig, and se anga Hyht ealra gesceafta uppe ge ni]3re.' pset is SBpele stenc.
through the whole extent of earth's regions, righteous men have streamed in multitudes from every side to that fragrance. As said the wise St. Paul : ' Manifold over the world are the lavish bounties which the Father almighty, the Hope of all creatures above and below, bestows on us as grace and salvation.' That, too, is a sweet odor.
The Panther n
From every side all men whose hearts were true, Throughout the regions of the circled earth. Thus spoke the wise St. Paul: 'In all the world His gifts are many, which he gives to us For our salvation with unstinting hand, Almighty Father, he, the only Hope Of all in heaven or here below on earth.' This is that noble fragrance, rare and sweet, Which draws all men to seek it from afar.
II
THE WHALE (ASP-TURTLE)
Nu ic fitte gen ymb fisca cynn
wille wodcreefte wordum cy^an
£>urh modgemynd, bi J)am miclan hwale.
Se bi5 unwillum oft gemeted, 5 frecne and fer[/&]5grim, fareSlacendum,
niJ)J)a gehwylcum ; J>am is noma cenned,
fyr[ge]nstreama geflotan, Fastitocalon. Is ]DSBS hlw gelic hreofum stane,
swylce wSrie bi wsedes ofre, 10 sondbeorgum ymbseald, saeryrica maest,
swa J)aet wenaj) waeglij)ende
f>aet hy on ealond sum eagum wliten ;
and fjonne gehyd[*']a3 heahstefn scipu
to J>am unlonde oncyrrapum, 15 s[^]la{) saemearas sundes set ende,
This time I will with poetic art rehearse, by means of words and wit, a poem about a kind of fish, the eyeat sea-monster which is often unwillingly met, terrible and crueljiearted to seafarers, yea, to every man ; this swimmer of the ocean-streams is known as the asp-turtle.
His appearance is Tike that of a rough boulder, as if there were tossing by the shore a great ocean-reedbank begirt with sand-dunes, so that seamen imagine they are gazing upon an£island7\and moor their high-pro wed ships with cables to thatTltalse lancTI make fast the ocean-
L, .. ^ — -— i
coursers at the sea's enoTand, bold of heart, climb up
II
THE WHALE (ASP-TURTLE)
Now will I spur again my wit, and use Poetic skill to weave words into song, Telling of one among the race of fish, The great asp-turtle. Men who sail the sea Often unwillingly encounter him, Dread preyer on mankind. His name we know, The ocean-swimmer, Fastitocalorrf ^*f'
Dun, like rough stone in color, as he floats He seems a heaving bank of reedy grass Along the shore, with rolling dunes behind, So that sea-wanderers deem their gaze has found An island. Boldly then their high-pro wed ships They moor with cables to that shore, a land That is no land. Still floating on the waves, Their ocean-coursers curvet at the marge ;
14 The Asp-Turtle
and ]x>nne in Jjset eglond up gewita5
collenfer[/&]J>e ; ceolas stondaS
bi staj>e fseste streame biwunden.
Donne gewiciad werigfer[A]9e, 20 faro91acende, frecnes ne wena9. On J>am ealonde seled weccad,
heah fyr sela9. HseleJ) beoj> on wynnum,
reonigmode, rseste gel[y]ste.
Donne gefeled f acnes craeftig 25 f)8Bt him J>a ferend on faeste wuniaf),
wic weardia9, wedres on luste,
9onne semninga on sealtne waeg
mid J>a npj)e nij>er gewitej),
garsecges^ gsest, grund geseced, 30 and ponne in dea9se*le drence bifseste9
scipu mid scealcum.
Swa bi9 scinn[0w]a {)eaw,
deofla wise, Jjaat hi droht[i]ende
f>urh dyrne meaht dugu9e beswlca9,
and on teosu tyhta]? tilra daeda, 35 wema9 on willan, J)ast hy wraj)e secen,
on that island ; the vessels stand by the beach, enringed by the flood. The weary-hearted sailors then encamp, dreaming not of peril.
On the island they start a fire, kindle a mounting flame. The ^dispiritecTJheroes, eager for repose, fare flushed with joy.^ Now when the mrmipg pint tpr feels that the seamen ^voL are firmly established upon him, and have settled down
to enjoy the weather, the guest of ocean sinks without warning into the salt wave with his prey (?), and makes for the bottom, thus whelming ships and men in that abode of death.
Such is the way of demons, the wont of devils : they spend their lives in outwitting men by their secret power,
inciting them to, the corruption of good deedsumisguiding
— \^-
The Asp- Turtle 15
The weary-hearted sailors mount the isle, And, free from thought of peril, there abide.
Elated, on the sands they build a fire, A mounting blaze. There, light of heart, they sit — No more discouraged — eager for sweet rest. Then when the crafty fiend perceives that men, Encamped upon him, making their abode, Enjoy the gentle weather, suddenly Under the salty waves he plunges down, Straight to the bottom deep he drags his prey ; He, guest of ocean, in his watery haunts Drowns ships and men, and fast imprisons them Within the halls of death.
Such is the way
Of demons, devils ' wiles : to hide their power, And stealthily inveigle heedless men, Inciting them against all worthy deeds, And luring them to seek for help and comfort
1 6 The Asp-Turtle
frofre to feondum, offset hy fseste Saer set bam wserlogan wic geceosaS. ponne beet gecnawed of cwicsusle flah feond gemah, baette fira gehwylc
40 hseleba cynnes on his hringe bij) faeste gefeged, he him feorgbona, fmrh slij>en searo, sibj)an weorj>ed, wloncum and heanum J>e his willan her firenum fremmad ; \ mid J>am he faeringa,
45 heolobhelme bijDeaht, helle seced, goda geasne, grundleasne wylm under mistglome, swa se micla hweel se be bisenced saBlif>ende eorlas and ydmearas.
He hafa5 obre gecynd,
50 wseterbisa wlonc, wraetlicran gien. ponne hine on holme hungor bysga5, and bone aglaecan aetes lystej), > Qonne se mereweard mu5 ontyne5,
them at will so that they seek help and support from fiends, until they end by making their fixed abode with the betrayer. When, from out his living torture, the crafty, malicious enemy perceives that any one is firmly settled^within his domain, he proceeds, by his malignant wiles,^to become the slaver of that man, ibe he rich or poor, who sinfully does his will ; and, covered by his cap of darkness, suddenly betakes himself with them to hell, where naught of good is found,Aa bottomless abyss shrouded in misty gloom' — like that monster which engulfs the ocean-traversing men and ships.
This proud tosser of the waves has another and still more wonderful tya.it. When hunger plagues him on the deep, and thfe^ mojigtery longs for food, this haunter of the sea opens his mouth, and sets his lips agape ;
The Asp-Turtle 17
From unsuspected foes, until at last
They choose a dwelling with the faithless one.
Then, when the fiend, by crafty malice stirred,
From where hell's torments bind him fast, perceives
That men are firmly set in his domain,
With treachery unspeakable he hastes
To snare and to destroy the lives of those,
Both proud and lowly, who in sin perform
His will on earth. Donning the mystic helm
Of darkness, with his prey he speeds to hell,
The place devoid of good — all misty gloom,
Where broods a sullen lake, black, bottomless,
Just as the monster, Fastitocalon,
Destroys seafarers, overwhelming men
And staunch-built ships.
Another trait he has,
This proud sea-swimmer, still more marvelous. When hunger grips the monster on the deep, Making him long for food, his gaping mouth The ocean- warder opens, stretching wide
i8 The Asp-Turtle
wide weleras ; cyme 5 wynsum stenc 55 of his innope, psette opre purh pone,
saefisca cynn, beswicen weordap.
SwimmaS sundhwate pair se sweta stenc
ut gewit[e]9. Hi paer in faraS,
unware weorude, oppaet se wida ceafl 60 gefylled bi3 ; ponne faeringa
ymbe pa herehupe hlemme5 togsedre
grimme goman.
Swa bip gumena gehwam
se pe oftost his unwserlice,
on pas laenan tid, lif bisceawa5 : 65 laeteQ hine beswican purh swetne stenc,
leasne willan, p8et he bip leahtrum fah
wi5 Wuldorcjniing. Him se awyrgda ongean
eefter hinsipe helle ontyne9,
pam pe leaslice lices wynne 70 ofer ferh[9]gereaht fremedon on unraed.
ponne se faecna in pam fsestenne
gebroht hafad, bealwes crseftig,
whereupon there issues a ravishing perfume ifrom his inwards, by which other kincls of fish are beguiled. fWith lively motions they swim to where the sweet odor comes forth, and there enter in, a heedless host, until the wide gorge is full ; then, in one instant, he snaps his fierce .jaws together about the swarming prey/J
Thus it is with any one who, in this fleeting time, full oft neglects to take heed to hisjife, and tallows him self to be enticed by sweet fragrance, a lying lureTjso that he becomes hostile to the King of glory by reason of his sins. The accursed one will, when they die, throw wide the doors of hell to those who^in their jolly, have wrought the treacherous delights of the bodyjfcontrary to the wise guidance of the soul, j When the^dficejyer, skilfuLin_mongdoing, hath brought into that fastness,
The Asp-Turtle 19
His monstrous lips ; and from his cavernous maw Sends an entrancing odor. This sweet scent, Deceiving other fishes, lures them on In swiftly moving schools toward that fell place Whence comes the perfume. There, unwary host, They enter in, until the yawning mouth Is filled to overflowing, when, at once, Trapping their prey, the fearful jaws snap shut.
So, in this fleeting earthly time, each man Who orders heedlessly his mortal life Lets a sweet odor, some beguiling wish, Entice him, so that in the eyes of God, The King of glory, his iniquities Make him abhorrent. After death for him The all-accursed devil opens hell — Opens for all who in their folly here Let pleasures of the body overcome Their spirits' guidance. When the wily fiend Into his hold beside the fiery lake
2O The Asp-Turtle
set pam [djdwylme, pa pe him on cleofiad, gyltum gehrodene, and aer georne his
75 in hira lifdagum larum hyrdon,
ponne he pa grimman goman bihlemme3, sefter feorhcwale, fseste togsedre, helle hlinduru. Nagon hwyrft ne swice, utsip aefre, pa [^e] pier in cumad,
80 pon ma pe pa fiscas, faraSlacende, of pses hwaeles fenge hweorfan motan. Forpon is eallinga
dryhtna Dryhtne, and a deoflum wiSsace 85 wordum and weorcum, pset we Wuldorcyning geseon moton. Uton a sibbe to him, on pas hwilnan tid, haelu secan, pset we mid swa leofne in lofe motan t5 widan feore wuldres neotan.
the lake of fire, those that cleave to him and are laden with guilt, jsuch as had, eagerly followed his teachings in the days of their life, Ihe then, after their death, snaps light together his fierce jaws, the gates of hell. They (^who ente/ there have neither relief nor escape, no means of flight, any more than the fishes that swim the sea can escape from the clutch of the -monster .J
Therefore is it by all means [best for every one of us to serve1] the Lord of lords, and strive against, dfiyjls with words and works, that so we may come to behold the King of glory. Let us ever, now in this fleeting time, seek from him grace and salvation, that so with the Beloved we may in worship enjoy the bliss of heaven for evermore.
Conjecturally supplied.
The Asp-Turtle 21
With evil craft has led those erring ones Who cleave to him, sore laden with their sins, Those who in earthly life have hearkened well To his instruction, after death close shut He snaps those woful jaws, the gates of hell. Whoever enters there has no relief, Nor may he any more escape his doom And thence depart, than can the swimming fish Elude the monster.
Therefore it is [best And1] altogether [right for each of us To serve and honor God,1] the Lord of lords, And always in our every word and deed To combat devils, that we may at last Behold the King of glory. In this time Of transitory things, then, let us seek Peace and salvation from him, that we may Rejoice for ever in so dear a Lord, And praise his glory everlastingly.
Conjecturally supplied.
Ill
THE PARTRIDGE1
Hyrde ic secgan gen bi sumum fugle wundorlicne3 .
faeger
J)set word f>e gecwaeS wuldres Ealdor : 5 'In swa hwylce tiid swa ge mid treowe to me on hyge hweorfad, and ge hellfirena sweartra geswicad, swa ic symle to eow mid siblufan sona gecyrre t>urh milde mod ; ge beod me siJ>J>an
So, too, I have heard tell a wondrous [tale2] about a certain bird.8 . . . fair the word4 spoken by the King of glory : ' At whatsoever time ye turn to me with faith in your soul, and forsake the black iniquities of hell, I will turn straightway to you with love, in the gentleness of my heart ; and thenceforth ye shall be reckoned to
1 The partridge (like the cuckoo) broods the eggs of other birds. When they are hatched and grown, they fly off to their true parents. So men may turn from the devil, who has wrongfully gained possession of them, to their heavenly Father, who will receive them as his children.
2 Conjecturally supplied.
1 Gap in the manuscript, probably of considerable length. 4 Cf. 2 Cor. 6. 17, 18; Isa. 55. 7; Heb. 2. 10, n.
Ill
THE PARTRIDGE
About another creature have I heard A wondrous [tale.] [There is] a bird [men call The partridge. Strange is she, unlike all birds In field or wood who brood upon their eggs, Hatching their young. The partridge lays no eggs, Nor builds a dwelling ; but instead, she steals The well-wrought nests of others. There she sits, Warming a stranger brood, until at last The eggs are hatched. But when the stolen chicks Are fledged, they straightway fly away to seek Their proper kin, and leave the partridge there Forsaken. In such wise the devil works To steal the souls of those whose youthful minds Or foolish hearts in vain resist his wiles. But when they reach maturer age, they see They are true children of the Lord of lords. Then they desert the lying fiend, and seek Their rightful Father, who with open arms Receives them, as he long since promised them.1]
Fair is that word the Lord of glory spoke : 'In such time as you turn with faithful hearts To me, and put away your hellish sins, Abominable to me, then will I turn To you in love for ever, for my heart Is mild and gracious. Thenceforth you shall be
1 Conjecturally supplied, on the basis of other versions.
24 The Partridge
10 torhte, tireadge, talade and rimde, beorhte gebrojDor on bearna stael.'
Uton we {>y geornor Gode oliccan, firene feogan, frizes earnian, duguSe to Dryhtne, J>enden us daeg seme, 15 J)aet swa sepelne eardwica cyst in wuldres wlite wunian motan.
Finit.
me as glorious and renowned, as my illustrious brethren, yea, in the place of children.
Let us therefore propitiate God with all zeal, abhor evil, and gain forgiveness and salvation from the Lord while for us the day still shines, so that thus we may, in glorious beauty, inhabit a dwelling excellent beyond compare. Finit.
The Partridge 25
Refulgent, glorious, numbered with the host Of heaven, and, instead of children, called Bright brethren of the Lord.'
Let us by this
Be taught to please God better, hating sin, And strive to earn salvation from the Lord, His full deliverance, so long as day Shall shine upon us, that we may at last Inhabit heavenly mansions, nobler far Than earthly dwellings, gloriously bright.
Finit.
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