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THE Pe e+ tats | -GARDENER’S MAGAZINE, — . RHGISTER
RURAL AND DOMESTIC IMPROVEMENT: |
COMPRISING RHATISHS ON LANDSCAPE GARDENING, ARBORICULTURE, FLORICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, AGRICULTURE, RURAL ARCHITECTURE, GARDEN STRUCTURKHS, PLANS OF GARDENS AND COUNTRY, RESIDENCHS, SUBU: RAN VILLAS, &c. LsO
LISTS OF NEW AND RARE PLA JTS, FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.
CONDUCTED ~V
J. C. LOUDON, F.L.: ES. &e.
AUTHOR OF THE ENCYCLOPEDIAS OF GARDENING, AGRICULTURE, &e.
VOL. VI.
NEW SERIES.
LONDON:
PRINTED FOR THE CONDUCTOR;
AND SOLD BY LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS, PATERNOSTER ROW ;
AND A. AND C. BLACK, EDINBURGH.
1840.
PREFACE.
Tue present volume concludes our Second Series. The Third Series will commence with No. I. on the Ist of January next; and when this Third Series has extended to five volumes, it
will be concluded, and a Fourth Series commenced.
In short,
it is intended, that m future no series shall exceed five volumes; in order that possessors of any odd volumes or num- bers of the work may, at a moderate expense, procure all the
oth~—
belong.
volumes or numbers of the series to which what they At the same time, this division of the work
Tt _ -dferent series will not prevent those who have taken it om the beginning from continuing the regular numeration
©. tseir volumes.
‘ith the Third Series will be commenced a superior mode ‘ranging the contents, and other improvements will also be
duced.
Jo-CoL,
ryswater, November 15. 1840.
F CONTENTS.
ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS. Page
GENERAL SUBJECT. Historical and Statistical.
A Summary View of the Progress of Gar- dening, and of Rural Improvement gene- rally, in Britain, during the Year 1840; with some, Notices relative to the State of
both in Foreign countries. By the Con- ductor - - = - - Provincial, Horticultural, Botanical, and Floricultural Societies, &c. - cS
Historical, Criticals and Descriptive.
Descriptive Notices of Select Suburban Re- sidences, with Remarks on each ; intended to illustrate the Principles and Practice of Landscape-Gardening. By the Conductor. - No. 14. Fortis Green, Muswell Hill, the
Villa of W. A. Nesfield, Esq. - - No. 15. Kingsbury, the Residence of Thomas Harris, Esq. = - co
Notes on some Country Seats and Gardens in Lincolnshire, Derbyshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, Middlesex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, from May to October, 1840:
Harlaxton Manor; The Village of Har- laxton - - - = Hungerton Hall; Belton, near Gran- tham; Chatsworth; Chatsworth to Wootton Lodge, by Chesterfield and Derby ; Wootton Lodge; Alton Tow- ers; Trentham Hall; East Combe, near Blackheath ; Woodlands, Black- heath; Charlton House; Belford; Belvidere, near Dartford; West Heath ; Harringay House, near Horn- sey; Arno’s Grove, Southgate ; Wood-
617 676
Page
lands; ——— Park, near Enfield; Beech Hill Park, near Potter’s Bar; Leamington ; Bradley House ; Beech Lawn ; The Priory; Danby Cottage ; Radford Cottage; Cullis’s Nursery ; Theobald’s, near Waltham Cross ; Bay- fordbury, near Hertford; Kew Gar- dens; Wilmot’s Gardens, Isleworth ; The Horticultural Society’s Garden. By the Conductor - - - The Derby Arboretum, founded by Joseph Strutt, Esq., containing a Catalogue of the Trees and Shrubs, the History and object of its Formation, the Reasons for the main Features of the Plan, and Di- rections for its future Management: —I. Catalogue of the Trees and Shrubs. II. History and proposed Management; the Objectin View, Situation, and Instructions; Reasons for the Main Features of the Plan ; Management of the Derby Arbo- retum. By the Conductor - - The Derby Arboretum, and probable Influ. ence of Mr. Strutt s Example; with some Remarks on the Advantages that would result from uniting Horticulture with
Botany in Public Gardens. By W. - Notice of Visits by J. B W.:
To Eyewood and Presteign - -
To Wentworth House - =o -
To Wortley Hall - a Notice of a Visit to Milford Nursery - Notice of the Plants which grow in the open Air in the Borromean Islands (Isola Bella and Isola Madre) in the Lago Maggiore. By Signor Giuseppe Manetti = = The Garden Literature of Italy. By Signore Giuseppe Manetti - - - Observations on the present Appearance and
A 2 :
569
521
241 70
Vv CONTENTS.
Prospects of Gardening in the Canadas. By Alexander Gordon - - On the Orange Groves of Canada On the state of Gardeningin North Ame- rica - - 660
Notes on the Progress of Gardening in the United States during the Year 1840. By A. J.
® Downing, Esq., Newburgh, near Newt York 642
On the Gardening and Agriculture of Egypt, from Dr. Bowring’s Report laid before Parliament -
An pecount of the Tea Plantation of Henry Veitch, Esq., in the Island of Madeira. Communicated by Mr. Veitch. - C
The Examination of Gardeners in Denmark. By A. Weilbach = - 108
On Emigration, with reference to Gardeners, and on the Prospects of Botanical Col. lectors. .By Peritus. Communicated by “A
On the Conduct of the Horticultural Society towards George Glenny, Esq., F. H. S. Communicated by Mr, Glenny - - 16
On the Preference’ for Scotch Gardeners. By J. Wighton, Gardener to the Earl of Stafford, Cossey Hall - a
- 645
‘113
244
Science of Vegetable Culture.
Remarks and Observations suggested by the reading of Dr. Lindley’s ‘‘ Theory of Hor- ticulture :’? — Bottom Heat ; Temperature and Protection from Frost; Colours of Plants ; Moisture of the Soil and Water- ing ; Atmospherical Moisture and Tempe- rature; Ventilation; Germination and Maturation of Seeds ; Seed-saving and Pack- ing of Seeds ; Growth by the Root; Action of Leaves, Action of Flowers ; Propagation by Eyes ; Propagation by Leaves; Propa- gation by Cuttings ; Propagation by Layers and Suckers ; Budding and Grafting ; Prun- ing; Training; Potting; Transplanting ; Preservation of Races by Seed; Improve- ment of Races; Hybridising and Cross- breeding ; Principles of Resting; Soils and Manures. By R. Lymburn —
Facts relative to the Fecundation of Flowers with Pollen which had been kept for. some Weeks. By Hay Brown, Gardener, Stoke Edith Park, Herefordshire
On the Means of supplying Atmospheric Moisture to Hot-houses, including some Observations on the Use of Steam for that Purpose. By John ROSES Jun., Esq., F. B.S. S., &c. - 281
On moistening the Air in Hot- houses. By ae Appleby, Gardener to T. Brocklehurst, 5
Sq. - 18
Some Account. of a Mode of warming and ventilating Hot-houses, invented and ap- plied by John Penn, Esq., Engineer, &c., at his Residence at ESAS, a Kent. By the Conductor
Mr. Wilmot’s Opinion of Mr. Penn’ s Mode of heating and ventilating Hot-houses
Ppinion of Mr. Penn’s Mode of SNS, &e, By N. M. T.
On the “Management of Conical Boilers, with some Observations on the comparative Strength and Economy of different Kinds of Fuel. By John BEES, Jun., F.R.S. F.H.S. = = =
On the Utility of Draining ; with some Me- thods adapted for various Soils. By John Fish S - 246
On pulverising Soils a as a Means of i improving them. By John Fish ‘= - 383
On Jauffret’s Manure, Quénard’s Manure, Clarke’s desiccated Compost, Lance’s Com- post, &c. By the Hon. and Rev. W. Her- bert, D.C.L., F.H.S., &c.
On the Causes of Cankerin Fruit Trees. John Jennings - - e
- 425
- 290 By - 389
Destruction of Insects in Gardens. On destroying Insects on Cacti. By M. Sello = - - = - 657
Description of a Forcing-Pit,
An effectual Mode of destroying the A‘phis lanigera, or AYicolly, Blight, on Apple Trees. By N.T.
A Mode of destroying the White Bugi in Hot- houses. By W. Anderson, F.L.S., Curator of the Chelsea Botanic Garden -
A Method of preventing the Attacks of the Asparagus Fly. By M. Kerll, - ~ 111
Garden Structures and Instruments. heated by
hot Water. By John Rogers, *Jun. - 139- On the Conical. Boiler for heating Hot- houses by hot Water. By D. Beaton - 129 Description of the Conical Boiler and hot- water Apparatus invented by John Rogers, Jun., Esq., F.R. teh Communicated by Mr. Rogers - 132
Description of a ‘Glass Case for. growing Plants in Rooms. By Sir John Hobie Sec. F.S.E. - - 117
Notice of an Espalier Rail put up in Cossey Hall Gardens. By J. AEN. Gardener there - - 254
Notice of an Improvement meee in ‘the Mode of fixing Mr. Booth’s Wire Trellis for Es- paliers. Communicated by W. B. Booth, F.H.S. - - 16
Description of the Hy psometer; an “Instru- ment invented by John Sang, Esq., Land Surveyor, for taking the Heights of Trees, Buildings, and other Objects. Communi- cated by Mr. Sang, Land SECS Kirk- caldy - -
Deseriotion of an Instrument used for taking the IO GINS of BSEE By H. W. Jukes,
Sq. - - -
LANDSCAPE-GARDENING.
On propagating, and preserving through the Winter, tender Plants adapted for being turned out into Flower Gardens during Summer. By N. M. T. - - - 186 Some Thoughts on the Effect of Shadows in Garden Scenery. By R. W. F. - - 243
On certain prevailing Errors in laying out and managing Flower Gardens. By Alex- ander Forsyth [- = 5 =
ARBORICULTURE.
Report on the new Species and Varieties of Hardy Trees and Shrubs raised in the Hor- ticultural Society’s Gardens since the last Report, made in October, 1838, and pub- lished in the Gardener’s Magaxine, vol. xiv. p.581. Drawn up for the Gardener’s Ma- gaxine by Mr. Gordon, Foreman of the ‘Arboretum, by Permission of the Council of the Horticultural Society - - 1.631
List of Part of the Trees and Shrubs fur- nished for the Arboretum of Joseph Strutt, Esq., at Derby, by Messrs. Whitley and Os. born, with their Ready-Money Prices. With RSE LEEDS Remarks by the Con- ductor 73
Notice of the Reception, by Nurserymen, of a Proposal to name Trees and Shrubs in their Collections; with an Examination of a Popular Catalogue of Trees and Shrubs,” published by ste EOE ne By the "Conductor 10
Description of a Transplanting Machine in- vented by James Kidd, Gardener to Lord Kinnaird, Rossie Priory Gardens, Perth- shire. By J. Kidd.
On the singular Origin of the Purple Labur- num, and on the New Field which it opens to the Horticulturist for the Production of Hybrid Plants. By the Hen and Rev. W. Herbert, D.C.L., F.H.S., -
Postscript to Mr. Herbert’s Sa on C¥y- tisus Adamz in p. 289. By the Hon. and Rev. W. Herbert, D.C.L., F.H.S., &c. - 3
Further Remarks on the Cytisus ‘Adams. By the Hon. and Rev. W. Ten D.C.L., F.H.AS. &c. = s - 381
190
384
255
252
=
=e tae
CONTENTS. Vv On the Decay in growing Larch and Spruce tised at Haarlem in Holland, beginning Fir Trees. By J. Wighton - - 385 with the Season for Planting, in October - 81 On the Torréya faxifdlia, a new coniferous Observations on forcing Hyacinths - 5 gil Tree of Florida. By A. J. Downing - 658 | Observations on the Rotz, a Disease in Hya- cinth Bulbs - - 150 FLORICULTURE. On Hyacinths, the Flowers “of which appear expanded in Water. By A. B. - = 152 Botanical, soncultural, and Arboricultural otices of the Kinds of Plants newly in- troduced into British Gardens and Plant- LOTS TGUMEAN 2 ations, or which have been originated in On the Shriveling of Grapes. By W. H. = 598 them ; ‘together with additional Informa- On retaining the Tendril of the eyes Vine. tion respecting Plants (whether old or new) By R. T. - 89 already in Cultivation ; the whole intended On Melons. By “ANlleseorniler> Forsyth = 2W)4 to serve as a perpetual Supplement to the On the Cultivation of the Alpine Strawberry Encyclopedia of Plants, the Hortus Britan- in Pots By James Seymour, Gardener to nicus, the Hortus Lignosus, and the Ar- the Countess of Bridgewater, at Ashridge 89 boretum et Fruticetum Br see 18. On the Culture of the Chicory as a Winter 144. 201. 292. 343. 545. 592 Salad. By James Cuthill ~~ 90 On Conservative Walls, and their Seen, On the Culture of Seymour’s Superb White as Sources of Botanical and Floricultural Celery. By J. Seymour z - Ol Interest, to Green-houses and Conserva- On sowing the Early Scarlet Horn Carrot as tories. By the Rev. T. Bainbridge, M.A.- 23| a main Crop; and on storing it in Winter. On raising Seeds received from the Swan By James Seymour, Gardenerint Ashridge River Colony. By J. Brewster, Gardener Park 2 to Mrs. Wray, Oakfield Lodge, Cheltenham 258 | Some Remarks on the Culture of the White On the Treatment of Cape Iridacee. By W. 257 Carrot. By W. Masters, F.H.S., &c., of On a new Method of introducing Palms of the Exotic Nursery, Canterbury - 09 large Size into Hot-houses. By Dr. John On the Turkey Onion. By James Alexander, Lhotsky, F.H.S., of Bavaria, &c. - _ - 596) late Gardener at Maeslough Castle - 207 On grafting the Acacia. By John Brewster, On the Jerusalem Artichoke, By Alexander Gardener to Mrs. Wray - - 388 — Forsyth ~ 259 Notes on Céreus senilis and some other Mex- On the Wild Potato (Solanum tuberdsum). ican Plants. Ina Letter from Mr. Tate of Translated from Pdppig’s Rese in Chile the Botanic Garden, Sloane Street, to Mr. und Peru, for the Gardener’s Magaxine, by Beaton. Communicated by Mr. Beaton - 26 An Gp is = is s ~ 259 Notice of a Plant of Céreus grandiflorus, at Some Account of a Method of growing and Eatington Park, Shipston on Stour. By preserving New Potatoes for a Winter W. Hutchinson, Gardener to E. J. Shirley, Supply. By Amaziah Saul - - 390 __, Esq, M.P. + - 389 On the Culture and Preservation of Potatoes. Remarks ee flowering the Renanthéra coc- ion By Robert Lymburn, Secretary to the Kil- cinea y ebster = 3 ; : F 5 5 On the Culture afihe Chrysinthemum, By marnock Horticultural Society , 2 210 ohn Thackeray - 154 Notice respecting some new hybria Primroses BEE CULTURE. raised between the Polyanthus and the ‘ Chinese — Primrose. By. James Seymour, On Apiarian Societies. By J. Wighton, Gar- Kitchen-Gardener to the Countess of dener to Lord Stafford, Cossey ISS near Bridgewater, at Ashridge = 83] _ Norwich z = 591 On the Cultivation of the Carnation at Forres On Honey. By J. Wighton z + 393 NUESerIES By John Grigor ae - 153 Practical Observations on the Cu tivation of the Hyacinth in Haarlem - 7 u Fy ee A Year’s Culture of the Hyacinth, as prac- On Wire Field Gates. By George Buist - 193 REVIEWS. Dr. Lindley’s Theory of Horticulture - 155 rieties of Fruits sent since 1831, 410. Sup- Organic Chemistry in its application to Agri- posed absorbent Powers of the Cellular culture and Physiology. By Justus Liebig, Points, or Spongioles, of the Roots of Trees, M.D. Ph.D. F.R.S., &c. - and other Plants, 412. Bignonia veniista, Vegetable Organography ; or an Analytical 413. Alstrémerias, 413, Means of de- Description of the Organs of Plants. By stroying the Red Spider in the Melon M. A. P. DeCandolle - - 163 Frame, 414. Experiments made in 1836 Transactions of the Horticultural Society of relative to the Cultivation of Potatoes, 415, London - = - 346. 394. 467 On the Cultivation of the Melon in open On the growth of a peculiar Fir resem- Frames, 467. Cultivation of Figs, 468. Cul- bling the Pinaster, 394. Clianthus punf- tivation of the Cinnamon in England, 468. ceus, 395. Experiments on the Cultivation Six new Varieties of Vine recently in. of the Potato, 395. Causes of the Diseases troduced from Dukhum (Deccan), 468. and Deformities of the Leaves of the Peach Culture of the’ Strawberry, 469. Cattleya Tree, 396. Averrhoa Carambola, 397. Chli- guttata, 470. Preservation of the early danthus fragrans, 398. Causes of the pre- Foliage of Peach and Nectarine Trees, 470. mature Death of Part of the Moorpark New Method of destroying Insects in Stoves Apricot, and some other Wall Fruit Trees, and Green-houses, 471. Economical Use 398. On forcing Peaches and Nectarines, of Melon Frames, 471. Propagation of 399. On the Power possessed by Plants of Trees by Cuttings in Summer, 473. Culti- absorbing coloured Infusions by their Roots, vation of Chlidanthus frdgrans, 474. Half- 401. On the Means employed in raising a hardy species of Salvia called Salvia patens, Tree of the Impératrice Nectarine, 401. On 474. Effects produced on Plants by the the Cultivation of French Pears in Scotland, Frost which occurred in England in the and on the Foundation and Management of Winter of 1837-8, 475. Fruit Borders, 402. New Varieties of Fruit A Pocket Dictionary, comprising the Names, raised from Seed by T. A. Knight, Esq., 408. History, and Culture of all Plants known On Two Species of Insects found injurious in Britain ; with a full Explanation of tech. to the Pear Tree, 408, Remarkable Va- nical Terms. By Joseph Paxton, F.L.S,, A3
Vr
H.S., &c., sesisted by Professor Lindley,
Ph. iB), F.R.S., - 557 Instructions in aang, “for Ladies. By
Mrs, Loudon - - 350 Every Lady her own Flower-gardener. By
Louisa Johnson - 660
The Floricultural Magazine and Miscellany of Botany. Edited by Robert Marnock - 603
The Florist’s Journal - -
Icones Plantarum rariorum Horti Regii Bo- tanici Berolinensis. Figures and Descrip- tions of rare Plants in the Royal Botanic Garden at Berlin. By H. F. Link, Fr. Klotzsch, and Fr. Otto - - 556
Icones Plantarum ; or, Figures, with brief descriptive Characters and Remarks, of new or rare Plants selected from the Au- thor’s Herbarium. By Sir William Jackson Hooker, K.H., LL.D., &c.
Traité de la Composition et de VOrnement des Jardins, &e.
Design for laying out the Inner Circle of the Regent’s Park as a Garden for the Royal Botanic Society of London =
The Eastern Arboretum, or Rural Grescter of all the remarkable Trees, Seats, Gardens, &c., in the county of Norfolk. By James Grigor - - 352
The eee Arboretum, or Biieal Register _of all the remarkable Trees, Seats, Gardens, ' &c., in the County of Norfolk : —Trees and Gardens of Norwich, continued; Cossey Park; Dereham and its SEH sono He By James Grigor - - 600.
William May’s Priced Catalogue of select Plants grown in the Hope Nursery, Lee- ming Lane, Bedale, Yorkshire - - 605
Traité des Végéteaux qui composent 1’ Agri- culture, Horticulture, &c. - - ~ 659
The Flora of Yorkshire. By Henry Baines 660
A History of British Ferns. By Edward Newman, F.L.S. °
Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles,
d’Agriculture et d’Industrie, publiées par la Société Royale d’Agriculture de Lyon = 553
A Flora of North America; containing abridged Descriptions ef all the known in- digenous and naturalised Plants growing North of Mexico; arranged according to the Natural System. By John HORE and Asa Gray - - 558
Illustrations of the Botany and other Bran ches of the Natural History of the Himalayan Mountains, and of the Flora of Cashmere.
By J. Forbes Royle, M.D., F.R.S., &c. &c. 348
Icones selecte Plantarum quas in Pro- dromo Systematis universalis, ex Herbariis Parisiensibus presertim ex Lessertiano
- 167 - 658
605
661
descripsit Aug. Pyr. DeCandolle. Edite
a Benj. De Lessert - - 350 Exposition des Fleurs et d’autres Produits,
&c. 2 Lyon - - 659 Monographie du Genre Camellia, &e. By
the Abbé Berléze, 2d Edit. o 664
The Surveyor, Engineer, and Architect; or London Monthly Journal of the Phy- sical and Practical Sciences. By a Com- mittee of Practical Surveyors, BLESS
and Architects 171 Illustrations of Indian “Architecture. By
. Kittoe - - 356 Ricauti’s Rustic Architecture. Parts I.
and II. = 305
History and Guide for drawing the Acan- thus, and every other Description of Orna- mental Foliage, by Rule. By J. Page, Ornamental Draftsman
A Treatise on Agriculture and “Dairy Hus- bandry. By James Jackson
The Journal of the Blaghoe Agricultural
Society - 169 Hints for the Use of Highland Tenants and Cottagers. By a Proprietor - - 214
Religion and Crime; or the Distresses of the People, and the Remedies Minter Morgan -
CONTENTS.
CATALOGUE.
Catalogue of Works on Gardening, ture, Botany, rural Architecture, &c., lately published, with some Account of those considered the more interesting : —
32. 92. 216. 262. 296. 559
The Elements of POE for Families and Schools
Verhandlungen der K.K: ‘Landwiethecua@e Gesellschaft in Wien, &c. - - 298
Kollar’s Treatise on Insects injurious to
Agricul-
Gardeners, Foresters, and Farmers Annual Flower Seeds, Fruit Trees, Seeds and
Implements, and a List of Geraniums, ele
by E. Sang and Sons 93 Johnson on increasing the Depth of Soils - 216 Mrs. Loudon’s Ladies’ Flower-Garden of
Ornamental Annuals - - 262 Mrs. Loudon’s Ladies’ Flower-Garden of Or-
namental Bulbous Plants - - 263 Buist’ ® emnerican Flower-Garden Directory,
&e. & - 297 AcleByE Catalogue of Plants - - 217 Rivers’s Rose Amateur’s Guide, &c. - 298 Sayers’s Treatise on the Culture of the
Dahlia and Cactus - - - 559 Bridgeman’s Florist’s Guide = - 560 Rivers’s descriptive Catalogue of Fruits = 263 Rivers’s descriptive Catalogue of Pears = 263 Fruit Trees, by a practical Observer ~ 263
Clark’s Method of pruning and training Standard Apple Trees
Lindley’s Appendix to the First Twenty- three Volumes of Edwards’s Botanical Register - - 94
Torrey and Gray’s Flora of North America
Webb’s Otia Hispanica, seu Delectus Plan- tarum rariorum aut nondum rite notarum per Hispanias sponte nascentium 94
Morch’s Catalogus Plantarum Horti Botanici
Hafniensis - - 34 Lemaire’s Cactearum Genera nova. Speciesque nove, et omnium in Horto Monvilliano cultarum ex Affinitatibus naturalibus Or- dinatio nova Indexque Methodicus 32 Visiano’s Della Origine ed Anzianita del? Orto Botanico di Padova, &e. - - 297 Webb’s Otia Hispanica, &c. - - 297 Burnett’s Plante utiliores - - 297 Descrizione dei Funghi Mangerecci pit communi dell’ Italia, ede’ Velenosi che possono co’ medesimi confondersi, &e. - 298 Francis’s Grammar of Botany - - 560 Macgillivray’ s Manual of Botany - - 560 Agardh’s Recensio Specierum Gen. Pteridis 33 Sheer’s Kew and its Gardens ° - 297 Brady’s Visitor’s Guide to Knole, in the County of Kent - 35 Sproule’s Treatise on Agriculture, adapted to the Soil and Climate of Ireland 34 Sir Humphry Davy’s Elements of Agricul. tural Chemistry 95 Bayldon’s Art of valuing Rents and Tillages. By John Donaldson - 94. Hodges’s Use and Advantages ‘of Pearson’ s Draining Plough - 35 Transactions of the Society of Arts, Manu. factures, and Commerce - 298 The Sixth Annual Report of the Royal Corn- ’ wall Polytechnic Society 95 Daly’s Revue générale d’ ‘Architecture et des Travaux Publics, &c. - - - 35 London Architectural Precedents - - 267 Davyy’s Architectural Precedents - - 562 Ricauti’s Rustic Architecture - - 561 Lewis’s Illustrations and Description of Kil- peck Church, Herefordshire - - 561 Perkins’s Improved Patent Apparatus for warming and ventilating Buildings - 266 Parkes’s Report on A. M. Perkins’s Patent Steam Boiler = - 299 Jones’s Principles and Practice “of Level- ling - 267
The Year-Book of. Facts in Science and Art 267 Redfield’s Remarks on Mr, Espy’s BEDS) as Centripetal Storms, &c. - 35
CONTENTS.
Drummond’s Letter to Thomas Phillips, Esq. _ R.A., on the Connexion between the Fine Arts and eecuaion, and the Means of their Revival - 5§1 Mallet’s first Report upon Experiments upon the Action of Sea and River Water, &c. - 34 Walker’s Gatherings from Grave- Yards, par- * ticularly those of London 95 The British Almanack of the Society for the ‘ eno of Useful Hones for the Year
35
The Companion to the Almanack ; or Yeare Book of general Information for i340 - 36 Twenty Years’ Experience in Australia, &c. 299
Tims’s Literary World - 266 Taylor’s Help to the Schoolmistress - = 562 LITERARY NOTICES. The Gardener’s Annual Register - - 607 Mrs. Loudon’s Magazine of Gardening - 607 Mrs. Loudon’s Gardening for Ladies - - 267 Mrs. Loudon’s Companion to the Ladies’ ¥Flower-Garden : - - 267 MISCELLANEOUS
GENERAL NOTICES.
General Subject — Historical. The Penny Post, as a Gardening Measure, 96; Seeds received from Friends, A. G., 220.; Seeds sent by Post, 268; Botanical and Horticultural Works, Amicus, 268; The most curious Gardens in Europe, especially in Britain, about the Year 1730, 223; Nurserymen’s Catalogues, 97; The late Mr. Roscoe originally a Gardener, 219 ; The skilled Gardener, 669; Rural Enjoyment, 218 ; Clegg and Samuda’s Atmospheric Rail- way, 564.
Scientific. Soil and Vegetation supplied by Nature with Sea Salt, Thomas C. Brown, 917 ; Influence of various Circumstances in the Growth of Plants in modifying their Physio- logical Action, 417; Excrementitious Exuda- tions of the Roots of Plants, R. Lymburn, 218 ; Aiding the Germination of Seeds by Quick- lime, R. Lymburn, 218; Preservation of Grain or Seeds, 669; Mudie’s Views of the Adapta- tions of Nature in the Vegetable Kingdom, J. M., 220; New or concentrated Manures, John Spencer, 358 ; Effect of Light which has passed through coloured Glass on Plants, J. B. W., 301; The Effect of Light passing through coloured Glass on Plants, John Spen- cer, 419 ; Experiments with a Liquid obtained from Bones, R. Glendinning, 607 ; Supplying packed Plants with Water during long Voy- ages, 609; Burning Gas for warming Rooms or Greenhouses, 99); Temperature, 300; Tem- perature of Plants, “418 ; To destroy Worms, A Subscriber, 37; Sunk Waterholders, Samuel Taylor, 302 ; Calcareous Concretions on the Bottoms of Steam Boilers, &c., 97; Wooden Pavement for Streets, 564; Radiation from Trees, 97.
Landscape-Gardening and Garden- Architecture. — Glazing with Lead instead of Putty, Amicus, 299; Pocock’s Patent Flexible Asphalte Roof- ing, *269 ; The Triumphal Arch, 303 ; Ironwork coated with Gas Liquor, Tar, or Pitch, 15 Shp 514; A Layer of Bitumen, a Preventative of the Ascent of Moisture in Walls, 564; Ap- proach Roads, 564; Ornamental Pottery, 269 5 Caithness Flagstone, 97; Taste, 223; Wetter, stedt’s patent Metal, 37; Preser vation of Wood, 358; Preserving Wood, 302; Dry Rot, 609.
Arboriculture. — The Oak, a19 ; The Mistletoe, 219; Quercus Cérris, 219; A new Cedar, W. H. W., 419; Raising Coniferous Plants from Seed, 303 ; The Genus Vaccinium, S. M., 303 ; Grafting the Lilac on the Ash, J. Scott, 373 5 Use of Lime in planting Trees, 37.
Floriculture. — Clerodéndron squamatum Vahl and Hort. Brit., speciosissimum Pazt., D.
Vii
Traité dela Composition et de l’Ornement des Jardins 5 - - - 563 Paul’s Catalogue of Roses - 562 Drummond and Sons? Catalogue of Imple- ments, Seeds, Plants, &c. for 1840 - - 562 Drysdale and Lawson’s eLeNeve of Seeds, - 562 Carter s Catalogue of Dutch and Cape Flower Bulbs, for 1840 - - 562 Catalogue des Plants du Jardin de M. De Kwitka, situé &4 Osnowa aux Environs de Kharcow - - 563 Chevreul’s De la Loi du Contraste_ simultané des Couleurs, &c. - 563 Johnson and Shaw’s Farmer's Almanac and
Calendar, for 1841. - 607 Lhotsky’s Journey from SeMeyy to the Australian Alps Audouin’s Histoire des Insectes nuisibles a la wigpes et Rantoul rement de la Pyrale, e 563 Reset of the ‘Society for obtaining free Ad- mission to the National Monuments - 563 Notice Biographique sur J. 2B Huzard - 563 Bibliothéque Huzard - - 563
INTELLIGENCE.
Beaton, 268; Imported Orange Trees, G. M. Elliot, "268 : Citrus nobilis, W. Brown, 224. ; The Leaves of Orange Trees, 224 ; Beauméntia grandiflora, D. Beaton, 419; Musa supérba Rox.,608; Preserving Dahlia Roots, T. Taylor, 224 ; New Fuchsias, 609; Salvia patens, John Duncan, 294 ; Alrabis purpurea, 224.
Horticulture. — The Pommerail Pine- -apple, W. Gordon, 609 ; The Swainston Seedling Straw- berry, 609; Myatt’s Pine Strawberry, 302; The Peach and the Nectarine the same species, T. C. Brown, 36; Superiority of Mr. Hoare’s System of Pruning the Vine, T. C. Brown, 36; Mushrooms growing in the same Soil with Truffles, 4.20.
Agriculture, — Farms, 564; A Hand-Plough for stirring the Soil between Carrots, 302; New Kinds of Wheat, John Clarke, 38 ; The Rohan Potato, 98; Mddia sativa, W.T., 38; The Bokhara Clover, 666; Sida Abutlon L., W.T., 38.
Domesite Economy. — Steele’s improved Kitchen- Range, 513; Three new improved Kitchen- Ranges, W. Wilds, 39; Kirkwood’s Stove, William Kirkwood, 39; White’s Patent Stoves, J. M‘Nab, 40 ; A Carriage Talking-Tube, 41 ; A Device for serving the Bees of any Hive with Food “when they need it, J.D., 36; Pumpkin Sugar, 670.
Education.— Bury St. Edmunds Botanical Li- brary, H.I.,43; The Hampstead public Li- brary, 223 ; Cheap circulating Libraries, 229 ; Degradation, as an Element of Punishment, 4),
FOREIGN NOTICES. IvTAy.
Garden of Baron Zanoli, Giuseppe Manetti, 98 ; Villa Mallerio at Gernetto, 304; Villa Silva at Cinisello, 305; Communications from Monza, 304; Villa Litta, at Lainate, 306 ; the Garden of Cavaliere Dr. Luigi Sacco in Milan, 306; Imperial and Royal “Villa, 225; Commercial Horticulturists in Milan,G. Manetti, 225 ; Root- grafting, Giuseppe Manetti, 309 ; Populus fas- tigiata at Pavia, 224 ; Milan, Brera, QQ.
GREECE.
The Grecian Cottage of thepresent Day, 303; A Classical Lease, 226; A Group of Grecian Plants, 303; Mode of felling Trees in Greece, 295 ; The Corn-Drag of Greece, 226.
Russia.
Gardening at Cronstadt, B. C., 41 ; Gardening in Moscow, 565; New &zbes, F. E. Wagner, 99. ~
AA
MADEIRA.
Cinnamon and Tea Plantations, Henry Veitch, 358. INDIA.
The Improvement of the Agriculture and Horti- culture of India, 42.
Norrn AMERICA,
Great Price for a Plant of Modrus multicailis, 996; The largest Purple Beech and Cedar of Lebanon, Alexander Gordon, 565; Architec- ture and Gardening, 565; The Mascal Plant, J. M., 226.
AUSTRALIA.
Gardening at Sydney, John Thompson, 42.
DOMESTIC NOTICES.
ENGLAND.
General Subject.— Effects of the Winter of 1837-8, 667 ; Opening Public Gardens and Mu- seums to all the Public, 361; Curtailing the alleged Species of Herbaceous Plants, 668 ; Gardener’s Benevolent Association, 269; Pri- son Gardening, 44; The Chester Nursery, T.B.,44; The Horticultural Fete at Chiswick, May, 310, June, 360; The South London Hor- ticultural Society’s Show, 361; An Addition to the Regent’s Park, 566; An additional Park in London, 565; Kew Gardens, 566; Public Park at Liverpool, 566; The Leeds Zoological and Botanical Gardens, 566; Gar- dening in the Neighbourhood of Liverpool, W. H., 269; Wreath of Flowers formed from dried Specimens, 101; Artificial Flowers and whole Plants made of Feathers, W. A. M., 312.
Landscape-Gardening. — Mr. Nichols of Blun- derstone, as a Landscape-Gardener, T. Fenn, 44; Improvements at Bedgebury Park, Kent, T. B., 311; Enville, the Seat of the Earl of Stamford, in Worcestershire, L. P., 514.
Implements and Machines.— A new Hedge- Pruner, James Wright, 312; Mr. Read’s Hy- draulic Machines, J. R., 361.
Arboriculture. — Specimens of Trees and Shrubs received from the Sawbridgeworth Nursery, 100; Mr. Knight’s Catalogue of Conifere, 311 ; Trees and Shrubs in Croome Park, W. Clarke, 45; Cedar of Lebanon, its Varieties, J. B. W., 172; A*cer créticum, W. Clarke, 45; A*cer Lohélz, W. Clarke, 44; English Elms, 44 ; Quércus pedunculata, 668; A _ transplanted Mulberry Tree, which remained a Year dor- mant, T. Rutger, 566; Folding Swine among Oaks, Scott Portland, J01.
Floriculture. — Rhododéndron arbdreum hybri- dum, B. B. Billington, 269; Wistarza sinensis, W. Pamplin, jun., 311; The Caper, 46; Roses in November, 45; Yecca gloridsa, 101; Rho- danthe Manglesz7, 45; Victoria régia Lindl., 566; New Annuals raised in the Clapton Nur- sery, H. L., 45; Works on the Cacti, 311; Rhizomérpha subterranea, 173.
Horticulture.— A Fine-Fruit Company, 312; Berries of Black Hamburg Grapes, T. C., jun., 101 ; The Vine at Valentines, J. J., 311; A new Variety of Peach, 312; The Crop of Apples in Berkshire, 672.
Agriculture. — Pearson’s Draining Plough, C. M. B., 102; The Knepp Castle Kidney Po- tatoe, 101 ; Cannabis sativa var. gigantéa, W. P. Taunton, 609; The Bokhara Clover, 46; The Bokhara Clover, Samuel Taylor, 567; The Bokhara Clover, T. Taylor, 101; Heracles aspérrimum, Bernard Saunders, 45; Naked Barley, or Barley- Wheat, Charles Aldermann, Kenbury, 312; The Rot in Sheep, J. D. C. Sowerby, 313.
Education. — State of Knowledge of the Mid- dling Classes, in a Village in Suffolk, J., 174.
SCOTLAND.
Improvements at the Earl of Stair’s, Wigtonshire, 567; Improvements at Thirlestaine Castle,
CONTENTS.
East Lothian, 567 ; The Ligneous Flora of the Shetland Islands, 102; Queen Mary’s Tree, 3862; A Weeping common Oak, Patrick Ro- bertson, 567 ; Gladiolus cardinalis, 567; Meli- jotus, or Bokhara Clover, Archibald Gorrie, 610; Irrigating Meadows with Liquid Manure, 270; Sub-soil Ploughing, 102; Cottage Win- dows, 270. IRELAND.
Belfast Botanical Society, 363; The Belfast Bo- tanic Garden, 567 ; National Education in Ire- land, 567.
RETROSPECTIVE CRITICISM.
Erratum, 272; Mr. Main’s Theory of Vegetable Developement, R. Lymburn, 325; Mr. Main’s Theory of Vegetable Developement, J. Main, 518; Moistening the Air of Hot-houses by Steam, John Lyons, 373; Constitutional Changes in Plants by being grown in Cli- mates not natural to them, D. Beaton, 326; Anomalous Productions of Hybrids, Surrey- ensis, 568; The Construction of Mr. Penn’s Hot-houses, 375; Bartram’s Botanic Garden, J, M., 180; New Plants raised in the Birming- ham Botanic Garden, David Cameron, 102; Disadvantage of a Gardener boarding with the House Servants of a Family, W. B.,180; Mr. Penn’s Mode of Ventilating, &c., D. Beaton, 229 ; Remarks on Mr. Penn’s Mode of Warming and Ventilating, J. R., 272; Mr. Penn’s Mode of Warming and Ventilating, Benjamin Fowler, 3823 ; On Mr. Penn’s Method of Ventilation, and Mr. Rogers’s Conical Boilers, William Ander- son, 273; The Advantage of placing Hot-water Pipes higher than the Boiler, J. R., 322; Mr. Rogers’s Boiler, and Mr. Beaton’s Remarks, W., 227 ; The Conical Boiler of Mr. Rogers, W., 519; Proportion of Hot-Water Pipe required for heating, Alexander Forsyth, 103; The Grand Conservatory at Chatsworth, Alexander Forsyth, 103; The Grand Conservatory at Chatsworth, 180; The Conservatory at Chats- worth, Alexander Forsyth, 229; The Grand Conservatory at Chatsworth, Amicus, 275; Joyce’s Stove, D. Beaton, 276; Glazing with Lead Lap instead of Putty, Veritas, 494; Sir John Robbison’s Plant Case, Sir John Robison, 230; The Plates to Prince Puckler Muskau’s Hints on Landscape-Gardening, John Adey Repton, 615; An Attempt to buildin Lincoln’s Inn Fields, J. Main, 518; Paring the Verges of Walks, Alexander Forsyth, 103; Ricauti’s Rustic Architecture, reviewed, S. J. Ricauti, 519; Large Trees, 181; Pinus Pinsapo and P. cephaldnica, D. B., 277; Péinsdpo, Vilmorin, 568; Pdpulus gre‘ca, J. Mease, 231; U/Imus falva, J. Mease, 231; Native Scotch Pine, R. Lymburn, 104; Mr. Rivers’s Roses, 47; Graft- ing the Orange on the Pomegranate, J. M., 180 ; Inaccuracies in the Names of Fruit Trees, &c., E. B., 278; The Black Eagle Cherry, J. B. W., 520; The Elton and Black Eagle Cherries, T. R.. 375; The Van Mons Leon Leclerc Pear, L. Leclerc, 616; Mr. Lymburn on the Culture and Preservation of the Po- tato, J. Main, 278; Mr. Lymburn on the Po- tato, D. B., 277; Storing Carrots for Winter Use, John Pearson, 47; Mr. Gorrie’s Horse- hoe, 48; Naked Barley, 672; Yellow Clover and Black Nonsuch, 278; he Calling of the Queen Bee, W. Dunbar, 181; Habits of the Jackdaw, John Wighton, 275; Braithwaite’s Kitchen-Range, G. M. Braithwaite, 231.
Mr. Matn’s Remarks on a Review of some of his oes which appeared tu the ** Atheneum,”
Regulations for the internal Administration of the Garden of the Hort. Soc. of London, 318.
The Royal Botanic Gardenat Kew, 183. 232. 590.
Botanical Garden (Kew). Copy of the Report made to the Committee appointed by the Lords of the Treasury in January, 1838, 365.
The West London Gardeners’ Association for mutual Instruction, 175. 177. 313. 371. 420. 611.
LIST
The Royal Botanic Society of London, Inner Circle, Regent’s Park, 514.
The Competition Designs for laying out the Gar- dens of the Royal Botanic Societ, ty of London, in the Inner Circle, Regent’s Park, 32).
Boye Caledonian Horticultur. al Society, P.N. 174.
Caledonian Horticultural Society, 270.
QUERIES AND ANSWERS.
Alton Towers, 280 ; Syon House Gardens, James Allen, 48 ; Winter Garden of Petersburg, Sur- reyensis, 280 ; The Plant Naras, J. B. W., 327; Names of Insects, J. O. W., 104; the Céccus on the Larch, F., 326; ‘Adaptiveness of Trees and Shrubs to Soils, E., 326; The Curl in the Leaves of Vines, a Subscriber, 568; The Cause of the Curl in the Leaves of Vines, 674; Moor- park Apricot, W. Brown, 376; Stock for the Moorpark Apricot, J. W. D., 280;-A new
OF ENGRAVINGS.
1X
System of cultivating Frame Potatoes, T. R., 376 ; Yellow Dutch Turnip, N. T., 104; Rough- head’s Swedish Turnip, D. R., 48 A clothy Sap ances white above and greenish beneath, Ll. R., 3155 M. J. Berkeley, 376.
BIOGRAPHY.
Mr. Smith of Monkwood, Ayrshire, 46 ; Contribu- tions towards a Life of Lancelot Brown, Esq., the celebrated Landscape-Gardener, and Thos. Whately, Esq., the Author of Observations
on Modern Gardening, 327; Biographical Me-
moirs of Charles Aug. Sckell, Superintendant of the Royal Gardens of the Kingdom of Bavaria, 674.
OBITUARY.
Death of Baron Jacquin, 104; Allan Cunning- ham, 48.
LIST OF ENGRAVINGS.
No. DIAGRAMS. Page 35—87. Details of Wire Field Gates - 194—196 53. Illustrative of the Mode of naming
Plants-at the Derby Arboretum - 523 61—68. Sections of Sash-Bars - - 572—578 62. Sections of Glass, phowane! the enieneinge in thickness - - 572 70. Lines showing a Mode of arranging Walks on a Lawn - - - 587 Section of Ground, showing a Sunk Fence 589 72. Beds intended for Flowers in the Royal Botanie Garden, Regent’s Park - 606 Beds proposed for Flowers in the Royal Botanic Garden, Regent’s Park - 606
INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, UTEN. - SILS, AND MACHINES.
5—7. Views and Section of Kirkwood’s
In] S—
Stove 39, 40 14—51. A Brick Tally in use at ‘the Derby Arboretum - 74—521
15—18. Details of a Glass Case “for growing ' Plants in Rooms 2 - 117—119
23—28. Views and Plans of Rogers’s Conical Boiler and Hot- Water Apparatus 133—136 31—34. Sang’s Hypsometer - - 191, 192 38. Chimney to Rogers’s Conical Boiler - 197
42. ‘Trough for supplying AEROS Mois-
ture to Hot-houses - - 284 43. Section of Perkins’s Double Boiler = 325 45. Read’s Barrow Engine - - 361 47, 48. Details of an (agama for taking
the Heights of Trees - - 384, 385
PLANTS.
40. Latirus nobilis S Chen aes = 242 44. Cynodon Dactylon - - - 349 46. Queen Mary’s ‘Thorn - - - 362 49. Pinus Pindster Lemonzanus - - 394
73, 74. Torréya taxifodlia = - - 659
No. GARDEN STRUCTURES.
1—3. Details of a Wire Trellis, erected at Carclew - 16—18
19—22. Plans and Sections of Hot- houses, il-
lustrative of Mr. Penn’s Mode of Warming and Ventilating - 122—127
29, 30. Plan and Section of a Forcing Pit, heated by Hot-water - - 140, 141
41. Section of a Hot-house illustrative of Mr.
Penn’s Mode of Weraning and Ven- tilating - - 272
63—66. Elevation, Plan, and Sections of a Conservative Wall at Chatsworth 573, 574
67. Section of a Hot-house, showing a Mode of covering with a Thatched Root - 578 69. Section of a Bonnet-roofed Plant-house - 579
PLANS OF GARDENS AND COUNTRY
Page
RESIDENCES. 4. Plan of House and Gardens, showing the site of a Conservative Wall . - 295
18—10. Plan of the Grounds at Fortis Green,
“the Villa of W. A. Nesfield, Esq. - 50—52 12. Ground Plan of the House and Gardens at Fortis Green - -
52. Plan of the Derby Arboretum - ~ 522 55. Plan, Sections, and Elevations of the Ground at the Derby Arboretum - 536
VIEWS OF BUILDINGS AND GARDEN SCENERY. ll. View from the Lawn Front of Fortis Green - - - 13. Entrance Front of Fortis Green = 6 39. View of Isola Bella - 241 54. One of the Pavilions at the Derby Arbo- retum - 535 56. Design fora Statue and Stone Seats for the Derby Arboretum - 537 57—60. Views of the Lodges and Entrances to the Derby Arboretum - 538—541
LIST OF NEW AND RARE PLANTS FIGURED ww trHe BOTANICAL PERIODICALS ror tur YEAR 1840.
Ranunculacee. AQUILE’GIA brachyceras Yy (_] North of Europe - 546 fragrans yy [_) Himalayas - - 546 glauca Yy (_] Himalayas - - 546 CLE/MaTIS dathyrifolia yYy A - - - - 19
Pittospordcee
So’LLY 4 4 linearis % __] Swan River 5 - 145 Malvacee. ABU\TILON striatum |_| Brazil - - 19
a
x Hipi'scus multifidus # |_| Swan River - 343 NuTTa/Lura malveefldraf }f& A Texas - ~ 201 Balsaminea. IMPA‘TIENS glanduligera (Qj Nepal - - 293 macrochila © India - - - 145 picta ?© ?() East Indie: - - 19 tricornis © India -- - - 145 Rutdcee. Correa Harris? = \_]| hybrid - - 293 longiflbra « _] hybrid - - - 593 LEMO‘NIA spectabilis . [_] Cuba - - - 593 Rhamnacee. CEANO ‘THUS pallidus %& - - 3 - - 293 Leguminosa. ACACIA dentifera 8 ,_| Swan River - - 547
CyYcLo’GYNE b t canéscens | Swan River - = 593
DILLWY’NIA specidsa WW 1_] ? New South Wales - 201 TIARDENBE/RGIA digitata g ~_) Swan River - - 593 Lurrnus Barkérie #¢1_] Mexico - - 19 leptocarpus ©) Mexico - - 546 PHYSOLO*BIUM carinatum — LJ King George’s Sound - 547 Onagracee. Lope‘zra lineata _@ 1) Mexico - = - 457 Melastomc cee. LaAsta/NDRA , petiolata # (() ? Brazil 5 = 1 Philadelphacee. DeEv‘rz14 corymbosa 32 Nepal - - ~~ 146 Passifloracea. PASsIFLO’RA Mooreiza g Buenos Ayres - - 146 verrucifera 2 LJ ?Brazil - 547 Portulécee. PORTULA‘CA Thellusdnz \|O] South of Europe - 343 Cactécee. Cr‘REUS latifrons -<% —] South America - 548 leucanthus ww —] Chili - - - 202- Martidnus # —] Mexico - - 19 multiplex w 7] South Brazil - - 293 Rubiicez. Bouva’RDIA angustifolia 32 ,_] Mexico - 343 splendens # ,_] ? Mexico - 146 Dipsacea. Morrna longifolia ye _AJ India - - - 344 Compésite. CENTAUREA pulchra © Cashmere - - 294 Da’HLIA glabrata A’ © Mexico = - - 204 EcHINA‘CEA dubia 3% _A] Mexico - = - 146 HYMENO’xys californica © California - - - 594 Lia‘rris propinqgua Yy A North America ~ 594 STEVIA breviaristata [Z\] South America = 294
Lobeliacee. LoBE‘Lr4 fgnea y [A] Mexico = - = 20
LIST OF NEW AND RARE PLANTS FIGURED IN 1840.
Gesneriacer. GESNE‘RIA cochlearis .% (ZX) Organ Mountains - 202 mollis <y tAj Caraccas - - ~ 548 SINNI’NGIA Youngeana [ZA] hybrid - = ~ 294 Ericacee. ERI ca Macnabidna |_| hybrid - - 548 Epacridee. CysTA’NTHE sprengelioldes #,_]| Van Diemen’s Land = - - - - 594 Apocynacea. MANDEVI/LLA suavéolens & ,_} Buenos Ayres - 147 Asclepiader. GoNno’LoBuUS hispidus $ \A/ Brazil - - - 202 Bignoniacez. BIGNO‘NIA Tweediadna — \_] Buenos Ayres’ - 549 Cobeeacee. CoB A macrostéma § |_| Guayaquil - 147 Polemoniicee. PuLo'x Coldrya@éna X t_}) hybrid - - 594 Convolvulacea. BATATAS betacea % [AJ Demerara - - 594 Tepomus‘a Learz? § [_j Ceylon - - - 147 longifolia _A| Mexico - = - 295 Boraginea. CYNOGLO’ssUM longifldrum sy A Cashmere - 549 Solandadcee. FABIANA imbricata w 4_] Chili - - oe Mil SOLA‘NUM angustifolium %% [_] UH Ess - 594 uncinéllum ?Q - 202 Scrophularince. Sa’/LYIA linarioides »%,_| ?South America ~- 295 FERBA/SCUM tairicum ©) ?hybrid - - - 295 Labiate. OrTHOSI‘PHON incirvus -y J) Sylhet - - - 344 Verbenacea. VERBENA amee‘na \ LJ ? Mexico - - 147 Acanthacee. GoLDFU’sSsIA glomerata yy [_) Sylhet - - 148 PHLOGACA’NTHUS curvifldrus 3 (_] Sylhet - - 202 TTHUNBE’RGIA aurantiaca $ L} C.G H. - - 147 Begoniacee. BEGO'NIA Barker? yg ,_|] Mexico - - 148 _ Scttaminacea. CuRcU\MA Roscoedna sy [A] East Indies - 149 Tridacee. GELASI'NE azurea & t_}] South America - 149 PATERSO NIA sapphirina yy ,_]| Swan River oa Oe RIGIDE‘LLA flammea 3% ~t_] Mexico - - - 203 Orchidaceae. AGANI’SIA pulchélla €@ (AJ Demerara - - 344
e LIST OF PLANTS MENTI
BRASAVOL A
glatca € (A) Mexico - = - 550
vendsa € [AX] Honduras - - - 550 CAMARO‘TIS
purpurea € [A) East Indies - - 203 CaTAsE‘TUM
integérrimum £ I Guatemala ~ 550
Russellidnun =X] Guatemala - 148 CATTLE‘YA
Aclandie € (A) Brazil - - 551 Cycno‘cHus
maculata € 7) La Guayra . - 149 CymsBr’p1um
pendulum f& CT) Nepal - - 295 CyrrTocuHiI‘LuM
mystacinum € [A] Peru 3 - 21 DENDROBIUM
Cambridgeanum = (A) Khoseea - 149
Devoniinum € (Xi3 Khoseea - 551 EPIDE’/NDRUM
cepiforme € [A) Mexico - - 21
densifldrum € [A] Mexico = - 295
glumaceum € [Aj Brazil - - 148
Parkinsonzdnum € (ZX) Mexico - - 148
vitellinum € () Mexic> - - = 344 GALEA’NDRA
Baterti € X) Guiana - - - 552 GRAMMATOPHY’LLUM
multiflbrum € (4) Manilla - = Q1 LE‘L1a4
cinnabarina ~& AZ) Rio aneiso - 595
rubéscens ¢€ (A) - = ~ 551 MAXILLA‘RIA
cucullata € (AX) America - - 148 MILTON LA
candida € [A] Brazil - - - Qi Monacia/NTHUS
longifdlius € Mexico - - 550
roseo-albus ¢(—] Brazil - = 296
LIST OF
ONED OR TREATED OF. X1 Mya/ntTaus spindsus € [A] Brazil - - - 344 Oncl’pIUM Batemanzanum € IZ) Mexico - 148 Huntidnum y (A) Brazil - 344 pachyphyllum € (AJ Mexico - - 550 ODONTOGLO’ssUM maculatum € [2] Mexico - - 296 RopRIGUE‘Z14 crispa € (A) Brazil - - = 552 SACCoLA‘BIUM denticulatum € [ZA] Khoseea - 552 SATY/RIUM pustulatum .% Capeof Good Hope. - 203 ZYGOPE/TALUM africanum € (A) Sierra Leone - 550 Amaryllidacee. CALOSTE’MMA carneum %& .A] Australia - - 345 PENTLA’NDIA miniata € A Peru - o a BB SPREKE‘LI4 cybister var. brévis % _A] S. Amer. - 346 STENOME/SSON latifollum %§ AJ Lima - - - 346 Asphodelicec. THYSANO‘TUS intricatus Y ,_] Swan River = 23 Bromelidcee. JECHME‘A suavéolens \ (-) Brazil - - 150 Commelinee. SPIRONE‘MA fragrans Yy 1A) Mexico - - 553 TRADESCA’/NTIA spicata y [AJ] Mexico - - - 93 tumida yy ,A} Mexico - - - 553
PLANTS
MENTIONED OR TREATED OF IN THE PRESENT VOLUME.
The word “‘ culé.”” occurring after any species or
variety indicates that there is an article on its
culture.
A List of new Species and Varieties of Hardy Trees and Shrubs, raised in the Horticul- tural Society’s Gardens in 1839 = page 1—10
In 1840 - 631—640
List of Part of the Trees and Shrubs in the Derby Arboretum - 75—80
List of Plants in the Garden of Baron Zanoli 98
List of Plants in the Borromean Islands 241—243
List of Ericas arranged in Seanons, with a
List of Plants geographically arranged, with Observations upon the Effects produced on them by the Frost, which occurred in England, in the Winter of 1837-8 - 483—502
Catalogue of Trees and Shrubs in the Derby Arboretum - 523-—532
List of Plants growing against a Conserva- tive Wall at Chatsworth - 574—577
view to Propagation - - 316
Abies alba - - - 568 ; Acanthus méllis 5 - 344, A’Inus jorullénsis - - 295 canadensis - - 306. 659 | A‘cer créticum - - 45) A’loe plicatilis - - 681 cephalénica (now Picea heterophyllum - 45) Alstroeméria Pelegrina ~- 413 cephalénica) - 304. 656 Lobélzi - - - 44 alba - = 413 Douglaszz - - 656 obtusatum - - 44 acutifolia - - 413 excélsa - - 581 platanoides . - 44 edilis = = - 413 Clanbrasilidna Pseudo- Platanus - 601 Hookér# - - 413
stricta = - 304 striatum = = - 44 Ligtu = 5 - 413
fOliis variegatis - & Aconitum ovatum -« - 546 pallida = - 413 monstrosa = - 304 | Acte*a spicata - - 664 psittacina - S - 413 pygme‘a 5 - 304 | Adenocarpus Boissiérz - 94 pulchélla - - 413 tenuifolia - 304 | Aschméa Merténsis - - 150) Altingza(Araucaria) excélsa 506 Menziésiz - - 656 suaveolens - - 150} Amalza aerisincola - 306 Smithidna - - 656 | Aerides odoratum 310. 360.] AmarfYllis formosfssima ~- 346 Abitiion striatum - - 19 514 solandrejfidra eg JG) vitifolia S - - 546 | Ai’sculus Hippocastanum - 354| dAmygdalus glanduldsa - 167 Acacia affinis - - 388 | Aganisia pulchélla_ - - 344 orientalis - - = 305 cyclops - = - 388 Agapanthus umbellatus - 582} Anagallis alternifolia = 549 dentifera - - 547 | Agaricus campéstris - - 271 cerulea S - 303
difftsa - = - 388 | Allamanda cathartica - 236 | Andropogon Calamus aro-
hastulata - - 271 verticillata = - 306 maticus - - 349 pendula - - - 15 | Allium azireum - - 553| Angraecum bilobum = 552 pulchélla - - 388 Cépa stérilis - - 663 | Anona Cherimoilia = - 652 saligna - - 547 ceruléscens - - 553| Anthéricum refléxum - 23 Acanthophippium bicolor - 310 ceruleum - - 553| Anthoxanthum odoratum - 670
Cean. pAllidus - - papillosus - . thyrsifldrus - -
Cedréla odorata -
Cédrus Deodara - Libani =
Centauréa palechra -
Cérasus Laurocérasus 418.
Céreus grandiflorus cuit. 389.
latifrons = S = leucanthus - 202. Martidénus - - multiplex - - oxypetalus - senilis - speciosissimus = Ceréxylon andicola Chamz‘rops htimilis Cheilanthes formosa Cheiranthus 4nnuus Cheirostémon platandides Chelone centranthifolia = - Chenopodium Quinoa - Chionanthus virginicus - Chlidanthus fragrans - 398. Chrysanthemum leucanthe- mum - - sinénse - Chrysophyllum Cainito Chysis bractéscens - leze‘vis - - Cineraria lanata = Cirrhopetalum auratum picturatum = vaginatum = Cistus Fumana - Citrus madariénsis nobilis = 994. sinénsis Cleiséstoma latifdlium maculosum - Clématis angustifdlia cirrhdsa - - Zathyrifolia = Sieboldtz - - Cledme litea s Clerodéndron hastatum paniculatum - phlomoides - speciosissimum squamatum - Cléthra arborea mexicana - - Clianthus puniceus 104. 395. Clitanthes humilis - lutea - - Macleanica - Cobee‘a acuminata - lutea - - macrostéma - scandens = - 147. stipularis - Cocc6éloba emarginata pubéscens = Cdcos nucifera - Czlogyne Cummingzz elata - - ocellata - - trinérvis - Coffea arabica « occidentalis - Collinséa bicolor - grandifldra - Combrétum purptireum Comparéttia vOdsea ss - Conanthéra Echeandia Conférva rivularis - Convélvulus Batdtas scoparius = - Cornus grandis - suécica = s Correa Harris? - longitiéra - pulchélla - - 295. speciosa - 293. 593. Coryanthes macrantha 310.
Pw cr, Ce PRA oy aang AS
Foor ooo Dono foo pip oa a So ge tet on
XI1L LIST OF PLANTS MENTIONED A’porum indivisum - 552 | Brom. An. rotunda - 306 lednis = = 552 rubra 2 - 306 Aquilégia brach¥ceras - 546 | Broughtonza atrea - 208 fragrans - - 546 | Bréwnea grandiceps - - 237 glatica Bi - - 546 | Brugmansza sanguinea - 689 pubifldra < - 546 | Brunsféls¢a undulata ~ 420 A’rabis hispida = - 664 | Brunsvigza Josephine - 475 purpurea - - 224 | Burlingtonia candida - 360 A’rachis hypoge‘a- - 309 | Calamus Rotang - - 306 Aralia japonica s - 657 | Calanthe discolor c - 595 Araucaria Dombéy? - 481 | Calceolaria arachnofdea - 555 imbricata - - 306. 588 pinnata - - = 555 A’rbutus americana - 605 plantaginea - - 555 Andrachne - - 45 rugosa = - - 555 Zaurifolia = - 20 | Calldna vulgaris > - 102 Unedo - - 600 | Calostémma carneum - 345 Arctostaphylos alpina - 112 | Camardtis purpurea - 203 nitida a - - 294 | Caméliza japo6nica 158. 270. 506, U'vatirsi - - 102. 605 307 Ardisia élegans - - 689 admirabile - - 307 paniculata - - 23 alba pléna - - 307 Artemisza granaténsis - 94 altheeflora = 307 Asclépias tuberdsa_- - 65 anemoneflora - 307 Asterotrichion siddides - 557 annulata = - 807 Atraphaxis spindsa - 657 Chandléréz - 611 Atriplex Halimus - - 476 Colvillzé - - 611 Attalia funifera = - 596 conchifldra - 307 Averrhoda Carambila - 397 coronata - - 307 Azalea hybrida : - 271 Donklaeri - 235 indica = - - 310 Elena - - - 307 indica Alba - - 271 Fanny - - 307 lateritia = - 310 fasciculata - 307 variegata = - 310 fimbriata © = 93. pheenicea - - 271 Gray’s Invincible - 235 prociimbens - - 102 imbricata = - = 235 sinénsis - - dll alba = = 235 Bambisa arundinacea - 652 King - - 235 Banksia Lambérte - - 306 Lady Hume - 235 latifolia - - - 306 Maria Elisabetta - 307 speciosa - - 654 minima - - 307 Barringtonéa specidsa - 237 odorata Hyacinthz 307 Bartsza alpina - 664 violacea tubifldra - 307 Batatas betacea - 20. 594 paradisaica - - 307 edulis - 594 peoniefiora - 611 Beauméntia grandifidra - 236. alba - - 235 419 Raniési - - 307 Begonia Barkerz S - 148 rubra maxima - 307 macrophflla - - 102 simplex - 307 Meyerz - a - 148 Tirzi - - 307 punctata - - 557 tricolor - - 235 Benthamia fragifera - 240. 347 tridmphans = 235 Bérberis OT - il variegata - - 611 arctica - - 605 pléna - - 307 fascicularis - - ll vendsa - - 307 ovalis - - = 605 Woddszz - = 235 Betula alba = - 102. 667 | Candéllea Cunninghamz - 168 pendula - - 667 | Cannabis sativa, var. gigan- Bhojpittra - - 595 téa - = - 609 papyracea - - 595 | Carica Papaya - - 652 Bignonza equinoctialis - 549 | Carya oliveférmis - - 295 Tweediadna = - 549 | Carydépteris mongélica - 99 venusta - 236. 413. 689 | CaryOdta Onites = - 306 Billardiéra fusiférmis - 145 urens 2 - - 306 Bixa Orellana - - 652 | Castanea vésca - - 307 Blétza secinda - - 551 | Catasttum barbatum - 92 Tankervilie - - 689 callosum = = - 595 Bolbophyllum limbatum - 595 cérnuum - - 22 Boronza serrulata - - 23 cornutum - - 595 Bouvardéa angustifolia - 343 deltdideum - = 551 spléndens - - 146. 548 integérrimum = - 550 triphylla - 146. 343, 548 purpurascens - 550 Brachycome zberidifolia - 548 viridifldrum - 550 Brasavola glatica - 345. 550 longifolium - 22. 550 noddsa - - = 208 proboscfdeum - - 2 venodsa - - 203. 550 rdseo-4lbum - - 550 Brassia Lancedna_viridi- Russell¢dnum - 148 flora - - - 295 saccatum - - 595 verrucosa = = 295 spindsum - - 550 Bromeélia Andanas - - 306 tridentatum var. flori- antiqua - - 206 bindum - _ = 595 barbadénsis - 306 trulla - 595 coccinea - 306 | Cattléya Aclandie - 551 jamaicénsis - 306 guttata = - - - 470 malabarica ~- 306 labiata atrosanguinea = 295 Merténsis - 150 Mosse - - 310. 595 Montserra - 506 | Ceandthus aztreus - 167. 293 Providenza - 306 ovatus - - = 293
maculata - - -
- 173.
- 481,
ae =
- 593 593 689 345 345
OR TREATED OF IN THE PRESENT VOLUME.
Cor. specidsa var. Alba = Corydalis flavula - + Cosmélia rubra - - Cotoneaster rotundifolia -
denticulata = -
' Crate ‘gus estivalis -
arboréscens So - berberifolia - = Cras-galli - Douglaszz . - flabellata - - glatica - 5 - Lambértz - linearis - - mexicana - obcordata : ovalifolia . Oxyacantha - - péndula regine prunifolia - punctata - - rivularis - sanguinea - unilaterdalis - Cremastost?mon capénsis Cunninghaméa sinénsis Cupréssus lusitanica ~- 419.
bety
Cycnoches Loddigészz
sempervirens stricta = toruldsa - - 586. Curcima l6nga = - Roscoedna_ - = Ciscuta europe'‘a - - minor - - - Cycas revolita = - Cyclogyne canéscens - 293. maculata - I Cymbidium crassifolium madidum = - pendulum = pubescens -
Cynodon Dactylon Cynogléssum longifldrum Cyrtanthus Smithia@nus Cyrtéceras refléxum Cyrtochilum bictoniénse maculatum var. Russel- zanum - - mystacinum - -
Russéliz - Cystanthe Sos on Cytisus Adami: - }
Labtrnum - 381.
purptreus ~- 289, 381.
racemosus -
scariosus - tribracteolatus -
Weldenz = Dahlia Barkérie -
glabrata - Dammara australis - Delessérza interripta Delphinium chinénse fl. pl.
mesoleticum - Dendrdbium 4mplum - - 551. z’mulum -
Cambridgeanwum
dentidum -
Devonzdnum -
fimbriatum -
formdsum - herbaceum - -
Pierardz - -
plicatile - -
revoldtum - 5
téres 5 = é
vaginatum - - Dendrochilum filif6rme - Deuttzéa corymbosa - 146.
parviflora -
undulata - - Dicrfpta discolor - Dillwynia speciosa - Dinéma paleaceum Dionz'a muscipula Diosedrea aculeata - Diplopéltis Hugelz?
re2pet
Drimys Winterz - - 590 Drésera rotundifolia - 313 Dryas octopétala - - 664 Echeandia terniflbra - 23 Echevérva secinda - - 593 Echinacea dubia - - 146 heterophylla = - 146 Echinocactus cornigera - 26 leucanthus - - 202 multiplex - - 293 Staplésze - oN Edwardsia chilénsis - = 672 microphylla - - 672 Eleagnus argéntea - 45 Ele’is guineénsis - - 596 E’mpetrum nigrum - - 102 E’pacris campanulata alba - 271 impréssa = - 271 nivalis - - - 270 variabilis - - 210 Epidéndrum amphiglottis - Trinitatis - 552 bractéscens - - 551 cepiforme - - QL cochleatum = 552 densifidrum - 295. 552 faleatum = = 203 floribindum - - 552 fragrans - - 21. 148 glumaceum - - 148 incdmbens - - 345 invérsum - - = Q1 lancifolium = - 552 Parkinsonédnum - 148. 203 pendulum o = 295 Stamfordidnum - - 345 vitellinum - - - 345 Epiphora pubéscens - 551 Epiphyllum Akermannz major = - 310 Jenkinsonz = - 597 latifrons - - 548 specidsum = - - 689 E*ria planicatilis - - 148 Erica aristata - - 548 einérea - - - 102 élegans - 5 - 310 Hartnéllz - - - 310 hyemalis - 271 inflata fimbriata - - 549 Lambertzdna rubéscens 294 Macnabidna = - 548 mirabilis - - - 310 Tétralix - - - 102 Thunbergia - - - 310 vagans - - - 476 vestita = - 310. 689 Ericatlon Sollyanum - 349 Eucalyptus paniculata - 305 resinifera - - 305 robusta - - - 305 Eugénia nervosa - - 306 Eupatodrium odoratissimum 45 Euphorbia GEES - 479 Brionz - - 239 jacquinzefldra = - - 239 phoenicea - - - 240 spléndens - - 239. 689 Ettthales macrophylla - 548 Fabiana imbricata - - Qi Fagus sylvatica - 565. 600 sylvatica atropurptirea - 225 sylvatica purpurea - 565 Fernandézia lunifera - - 22 Ficus Sycémorus - 601. 650 elastica - 7 - 652 | Fachsza arboréscens - 238 delvinénsis - - 689 Devonia - = - 679 erécta = - - 609 excorticata - = 238 floribinda magna - 609 falgens - 146. 238, 685 globdsa - 146. 686 filgida supérba - 609 grandiflora maxima ~- 609 longifolia élegans - 609
Fichs¢a multiflora - = 609 pendula terminalis - 609 Standishzz - - 679 styldsa conspfcua - €09
Fumaria capreolata - - 303
Galeandra Batieri - - 552
Gardoquia multifldra - 21
Garrya elliptica - ~ 240 daurifolia - - = 295
Gaulthéria Shdllon - - 589
Geissoméria longifolia - 608
Gelasine azurea - - 149 grandiflora - = 150 nuda - - - 150 punctata - - 150 purruchucana oO - 150 texana = . - 150
Genista bracteolata - = 293
Gentidza vérna - - 664 gélida - - - 147
Gesnérza cochlearis - - 202 mollis - - - 548
Gigantina conférta - - 297 gaditana’ - - 297
Gila tricolor - = 394
Gladiolus cardinalis - 567 communis - 303
Gleditschia micrac4ntha - 100 sinénsis - - - 100 triacanthes - - 437
Gloxinza cauléscens - 147 specidsa ss - - 147. 294
cauléscens - - 147
Goldfussia capitata - - 148 glomerata - - 148
Gondlobus hispidus - 202
Grammatophyllum multi-
florum - - - Q1
Grevillea dubia - - 295
Griffithsza flabellata - 297 Schousbe% = - - 297
Gymnocladus canadénsis - 225
Habranthus cearénsis - 150
Hemanthus toxicarius - 475
Halésza tetraptera - - 600
Hardenbérgia digitata - 547.
593
Hédera Hélix - = 102
Heimia salicifdlia - - 590
Heracléum aspérrimum - 45 gigantéum - - - 336
Hibbértia virgata - - 167
Hibiscus multifidus - - 343 violaceus = - - 689 Wraye = - - 546
Hippeastrum anémalum ~- 346 solandrejfldrum - - 150
Hohenbérg7a strobilacea ~ 557
Hoéicus cespitdsus - - .94 Sorghum - - = 648
Hordeum Agiceras - 349 eceléste - - - 669 distichum - - 312
nidum - - 673 nudum 2 - - 312 trifurcatum - - 674 vulgare nidum - - 673
Hoteia Japonica - - 19
Hovea Célsz - - - 689
Hoya carndsa - - 686 eoriacea - - 549
Hydrocétyle vulgaris _ - 313
Hymenocallis Harristdna - 345 rotata - - 345
Hymenoxys californica - 594
Hyphe‘ne coriacea - - 650
Impatiens glanduligera - 293 longic6érnu - - 145 macrochila - ~ - 145 Nolitangere - - 146 picta - - 19. 145 tricérnis - - - 145
Inga Harriséi - - 237
Ipomce‘a Batatas - 304, 306 Lear - - 147. 549. 604 longifolia - - 295 purga - = - 20
XIV
Tp. rbbro-cerulea - = 147 Trisdefléxa - - - 345 fragrans - - 150 germAnica var. nepa- lénsis - - 345 Himez - - - 345 nepalénsis - - 345 reticulata - - = 552 sibirica - - - 156 Isméne calathina - - 475 deflexa - = 22 Knighte? > - 345 Jatropha pandurefodlia =~ 237 Jiancus conglomeratus - 259 polycéphalus - - 664 Juniperus commiunis - 102 excélsa - - - 656 pheenicea - - 656 thurifera = - - - 656 virginiana - = 205 Justicza curviflora - = 202 Kadstira japénica - - 658 Kennédya glabra - = 689 Marryatte = - 689 tubicanda - - - 689 Kleinhofia héspita = - 306 Zabairnum bullatum - - 609 Lelia cinnabarina ? - 595 flava - - = 22 rubéscens - ~~ 203. 551 supérba - - - 345 Lagerstroe‘miéa indica - 23. 306 regina - - - 306 Lalage ornata - - 238 Zarix americana rubra - 304 europea sibirica - 304 Lasiandra Maximiliana - 20 petiolata = - - 19 Latrus nobilis - - 100 Pérsica - - 301 Lawréncia spicata ao sls) LemonZa spectabilis = 593 Lenneéa umbellata_- - 557 Lepismium commine - 20 Leptodérmis lanceolata - 20 Leptosiphon androsaceus - 394 densiflorus - - 394 Leptotes bicolor - - 149 Lidtris hirsata = - 594 propinqua - - 594 spicata - - - 594 Tichen radiciférmis - - 174 Ligtstrum chinénse - 45 lucidum - - - 672 Tilium eximium - - 346 lancifolium - 449 specidsum albifldrum - 203 Liparis Walkérie - - 21 Liriodéndron Tulipffera - 600 Lissanthe stellata - - 146 verticillata = - 202 Lissochilus parviflorus - 345 Litte‘a geminifidra - - 306 Lobélza discolor - - 556 ignea - - - 20 multiflora - - - 146 Lonicera Periclymenum - 102 Lopézia lineata - 293, 547 Lotus ornithopodiédes - 42 Lubinza atropurpurea - 99 Lupinus Barkérie’~—- - 19 leptocarpus - - 546 rivularis - ~ 546 Lychnis ditrna - - 447 Lycopodium complanatum ~- 58() Lysimachia atropurptrea - 99 brachystachys - - 99 Média sativa - - 38 Magnolia auriculata - = 481 conspicua - 481. 584 Soulangedna - 584 glatica - - - 481 grandifldra - 305. 420. 600 macrophylla - ~ 584 DROSS OME - - 481 tripetala > 481 Mahonza ‘Aquifdlium - - 100. 589
Mah. fascicularis
répens - fascicularis _
Malva crispa - -
mauritiana - moschata - peruviana -
Mammillaria Ivey
radians -
Mandevilla nee
Mangleséa glabrata
Maranta arundinacea Marica humilis var. lutea
lutea -
Maxillaria aromatica
cucullata - Maclézz - Skinnerz - tenuifdlia - Medicago luptlina Melaletca Cajaputi Mélia Axéderach
Melilodtus Alba altissima
arborea -
leucantha -
officinalis - Melocactus vivipara Méspilus canariénsis
Meyera Hawtayneana Micréstylis histionantha
Miltonza candida ~
candida flavéscens
Mimulus cardinalis
Monacanthus longifodlius
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rdseo-albus - 6. 550 Viridis - - 551 Morina longifolia - 344 Mormodes buccinator - 149 Morostachys capitata- - 168 Morus alba = - 307 cucullata - - 307 Morettiana - - 508 multicavlis - 226. 307, 308 papyrifera - - 45 Seringeina - - 554 tinctoria - - 652 Musa Cavendishzz - 609 paradisiaca - 609 rosacea - - - 609 supérba = 608 Muscari botrydides - 303 comdsum - 303 Myanthus cérnuus - 310 spindsus - = 344. 550 Mycaranthes obliqua - 595 Myrtus Piménta - = 652 Nelimbium album - - 304 specidsum - - 689 rubrum - 304 Nem6phila insignis - 394 Nephréodium filvum - 361 Nicoté@na rastica - - 410 Tabacum - - 410 Nitraria Schdberz - - 657 Nuttalléa malveefodra - 201 Nymphee'‘a cerilea - 288 Oberonia cylindrica - 203 Octomeria diaphana - 22 Odontogléssum bictoniénse 550 Clowésdi - - 22 grande - - - 345 maculatum = - 296 Gnotheéra biénnis - 555 Olea fragrans - 359 Olinza capénsis - - 556 Oncidium altissimum ~ 148 Batemanzanune - 148 carthaginénse 44, 556 Cavendishzanum - 550 divaricatum - - 310 excavatum - - 22 Harrisonza@nuzw - 550 Huntidnum - 344. 550 incirvum - - 595 Insleayz - - 202 Lanceanwm - 360. 408 nubigenum - 482
LIST OF PLANTS MENTIONED
Onc. ornithorhy¥Ynchum — ~ 148 pachyphyllum - - 550 pallidum - - 550 papilio - < - 202 ramosum - - 550 7roseum - - 148 stramineum - - 202
Ophétlia purpurascens - 549
Opuntia férox - 482
Ornithégalum umbellatum 303
Orobanche minor = - 554 Orthosiphon incfirvus - 44 Osbéckza canéscens - - 20 O’xalis crenata = - 446 geniculata - - 556 Ottonis - - 556 tuberdsa - - 301 Oxyanthus vers{color - 548 Peonia Movitan 305. 451. 481 Pancratium luteum - 22 rotatum - - - 345 Pandanus odoratissimus —- 306 sylvéstris - - 306 Passiflora alata - - 236 cerulea - - 146 eddlis - - - 547 incarnata - - 547 kermesina - - 236 Mooredna - - 146 verrucifera - - 547 Patersonza sapphirina = 22 Paulownia imperialis - 657 Péganum Harmala - 556 Pentlandia miniata - 23. 360 Pentsté¢mon argitus - 147
gentiandzdes coccinea - 45 Petréa Staplésie - - 27
Phacélia tanacetifolia - 394 Phaleno6psis amabilis - 310 Pharbitis Learéé - - 549 Philadélphus mexicanus - 293 Phlox Coldryina = - 594
cordata - - 594
Phlogacanthus curvifldrus 202
Phenix dactylifera - 650 Photinia serrulata - - 671 Physolobium carinatum - 547 Phyteuma albiflorum = 225
pulchellum - - 146
Picea cephalénica 296. 568. 656
pectinata tortudsa - 304 Pinsapo - 94.296. 568 Webbiana - - 585 Pimeléa incana = - - 21 nivea eae Pincknéya pabens - - 306 Pingufcula vulgaris - - 313 Pinus australis = §- - 549 austriaca - - 656 Bankséna - - 656 canariénsis - - 656 Cémbra - - 659 sibirica - - 304 cephalénica - - 277 Chijlla excélsa ? - 304 microcarpa - - 304 serétina - 304 Coulter7- 304. 550. 590. 656 excélsa - - 656 filifdlia - - 549 Lambert7ana - - 652 Laricio - - 652 Lemonzana - - 395 longifolia - _- 656. 689 maerocarpa - 550. 588. 590 monticola < - 656 nepalénsis - - 306 nigra - - 452 Pallasiina - - 656 palistris - - 549 patula - - 304
Pin&aster Lemonzanus - 395
Pinaster variegatus - 304 Pinsapo - - 217 ponderosa - - 304 pumilio - 656 Sabinia@na - ” 588, 590. 656 E
OR TREATED OF IN THE
Pin. Strobus pygmz‘a - 304 sylvéstris - - 666 Pistacia officinarum - 306 Pittosporum Tobira - 305 Pleuroth4llis pachygléssa - 552 scabripes - =) 22) seriata - : = 595 Podocarpus ¢axifdlius - 660 Polemodnium czrileum var. grandifodlium - ~ 344 Populus canéscens - - 666 fastigiata - - 224, gre‘ca - - 231 Portulaca Thellusonzz = 343 grandiflora ritila 2 343 Potentilla fruticdsa - 664 Pothos digitata - - 306 Pourrétéa cerilea’ - - 150 Pronaya élegans = - 657 Psidium pomiferum - 652 Ptélea trifoliata - - 45 Piya Altensteinzi - ~- 556 cerulea - - - 150 Pyrus Polvéria - - 605 Bolwylleriana - - 605 Quercus Brantiz - - 344 Cérris - 219. 559, 600 fastigiata viridis - 100 heterophylla - - 100 Mex - 100. 666 palustris - - 584 pedunculata - 354. 665. 672 pedunculata péndula - 567 régia - - - 344 rigida - = 3 Hobur - = - 665 rubra -. = 656 rugosa - - 101 sessiliflora - 354. 583. 668 tinctoria - - 656 virens - - 100 Ranunculus acris - - 418 Renanthéra coccinea, cult. - 203 Rhipidodéndron plicatilis - 657 Rhinanthus major - 664 Rhizoctonia Medicdginis - 555 Crocorum - = 595 Rhizomérpha subterranea - 173 Rhodanthe Manglés7z - 45 F#hododéndron Acklandi - 481 album - - 686 altaclerénse - - 237 arboreum 271. 305. 310. 479. 481. 594. 598. 657. 681. 686 hybridum - - 269 caucasicum - - 548 hybridum - - 548 maximum - - 311 ponticum - - 352 albifidrum - - 548 Rhis Cétinus - - 514 Ribes atreum - - 12 glutinodsum - - 394 malvaceum - 11. 394 nigrum - - 99 petre*‘um - - 664 rubrum - - 99 speciosum - - 12 Rigidélla a4ammea - 203. 845 Robérgia Panea = - 306 Robinza Pseud-Acacia - 13 Ps. amorphefolia - 13 crispa - - 13 echinata - 518) floribinda - - 13 formosissima - 13 gracilis - x 13 heterophylla - 13 microphylla - - 13 procéra ss - = 13 pyramidalis - 13 sophorefolia - 13 spectabilis - - 13 tortudsa = a IB longifolia - 13 ddbia - - 13 hfspida - - 13
.
Rob. hi{sp. major - - inérmis - 6 38} rubra - - 13 viscOsa - - 13 alba a a = 13 Rodriguézéa crispa - 22. 552 laxiflora - a OY Rondelétia odorata - 360 Rosa canina - - 309 multifldra - - 309 odoratissima - - 309 sarmentacea - - 664 tomentosa Ss - 102 Abus arcticus - - 168 Gunnzdnus - - 168 Ruélla achyranthifolia - 549 australis - - 549 élegans - - 549 parviflora - - 549 #iscus aculeatus - - 476 Saccolabium compréssum - 149 denticulatum - = 552 guttatum - - 360 premorsum - - 360 Salisburéa adiantifolia = 225 Salix aquatica - - 102 aurita - 102 fasca - - 102 herbacea 5 - 102 Salsdlagenistéides - - 94 Salvia bicolor - - 549 fiilgens - - 475 hians - - 549 Horminum - - 303 leucantha - - 475 Jeucocéphala - - 475 linaridides} ~ 295 longifldra - - 475 patens - 45, 224. 475 patula - - Qi persicifolia - - 475 pheenicea : - 475 pubéscens - - 475 Régla = - 475 Séssez - - 475 specidsa = - 475 Sarcanthus oxyph¥llus ~ 552 pallidus - - 595 rostratus - - 552
Sarcochilus unguiculatus ~ 552
Satyrium pustulatum - 203 Saxifraga umbrodsa - - 664 hirculus - - 664 Schizonotus tomentdsus - 547 Scilla officinale - - 803 Scottéa dentata = =) 237, Sédum Cotylédon - - 418 multicatile = - 548 villdsum = - 664 Sempervivum variegatum -"681 Senécio Heritiérz = - 594 |° Shephérdia canadénsis - 45 Sida Abiutilon - - 38 vitifolia = - 546 Silene régia = - 68 Sinningza velutina - 294 Youngedna - = 294 Sisyrinchium majale - 557 Solandraguttata — - - 27 Solanum angustifdlium ~- 594 macranthum - - 594 tuberdsum - 259. 304 uncinéllum - ~ 202 Sodllya angustifolia - 145 heterophylla - - 145 linearis ~ - 19.145 Sophora japénica péndula - 657 Sorbus aucuparia - - 102 Sparaxis grandiflora - 257 tricolor - = - 257 Spartium ethnénse - - 481 Specklinza obovata - - 22 Spire'‘a barbata - - 19 fissa - 593 laxiflora - = 202 Lindleyana - - 547 rotundifolia - - 547
PRESENT VOLUME.
XV Spir. sorbifdlia - - 547 vacciniifiora - = 202 vacciniifolia - - 547 Spiranthes Lindleyana - 557 Spironéma fragrans - 346. 553 Sprekélza cybister var. bré- vis - - 346 formosissima - = 398 glatca - - 552 Stanhopea gravéolens - 551 insignis - - 174 Martidna - - 551 saccata - - 551 Statice arbdrea - - 608 Stenomésson latifolium ~- 346 Stephanotis follicularis - 360 Sterculia platanifolia - 225 Stévza breviaristata - 294, Stranvee’sia glaucéscens - 11 Strelitzia jancea - = 237 Stromatospha*ria multiceps 390 Styrax officinale - - 303 Tacsonia pinnatisttpula = 236 Tanacétum longifdlium - 344 Taxus baccata 5 - 659 fastigiata - = 656 canadénsis - - 660 montana - - 659 nucifera - = 660 Téctona grandis - - 652 Terminalia angustifolia 306. 652 Tetracarpe‘atasmannica - 168 Tetramérium odorattissi- mum - - - 374 Thalictrum cultratum - 343 Theophrasta americana ~- 306 Thunbérg7a alata - - 148 aurantiaca - - 147 grandiflora - - 361 Hawtaynedna - = 504 Thysanotus intricatus = 23 Tilia americana - - 100 europz‘a grandifolia - 100 Tillandsa dianthoida - 306 Tofiéld¢a palistris - - 664 Torréya éaxifolia - - 658 Tradescantia iridéscens = 346 spicata - - 23 tumida - - 553 Trevirana coccinea - = 548 Trientalis europz‘a - 664 Trifolium involucratum ‘- 547 macrocalyx - - 168 procimbens = - 278 Trigonidium ringens - 551 Triptilion spindsum - 548 Triticum sativum - 38 Trope‘olum tricoldrum - 311 tuberdsum - 271. 446 lex europe‘a - 102. 481 strictus - - 481 Ulmus campéstris - 44. 473 alba - - 44 acutifolia - 44 stricta - - 44 virens - - 44 viminalis - 44 falva - - 231 glabra - - - 473 Major - - 44 péndula - - 44 végeta - - 44 montana - 44. 600 crispa - - 44 fastigiata - - 44 major - = 44 minor - - 44 pendula - - 44 rugosa - - 44 suberdsa - - 473 vulgaris - - 44 fdliis variegatis 44 alba - - 44 Vaccinium humifdsum = 968 Imrayz - - 168 Myrtillus - - 102 Napus - - 594
XVi
Valldta purpurea - ~ 475 Vanda Roxburghiz - - 9310 téres - - 360. 551 Verbascum tatiricum = 295 Verbéna amee‘na - - 147 Melindres - - - 361 teucridides = - - 147 Apples: — Adam's Pearmain - 264 Annat Scarlet - - 175 Boston Russet - = 264 Bradaick’s Nonpareil - 264 Downton Pippin - 410 Dutch Mignonne - 264 Forman’s Crew - 264 Fulwood - - 271 Herefordshire Pear- main - 264
Hughes’s Golden Iya 264 King Pippin - 264
Maclean’s Favourite - 410 Margil - - 264 Nonpareil - - 271 Old Golden Pippin 264. oe
Old Nonpareil - 64 Orange Blenheim - 271 Oslin = - - 264 Pomme-roy - - 271 Red Cluster - - 271
Ribston Pippin 61. 264. ae
Spencer Pippin - mm Sudbury Beauty - 410 Summer Golden Pippin 264
Sweeney Nonpareil - 264 Winter Redstreak - 271 Yorkshire Green - 271 Apricots ;: —
Breda = - 264 Brussels - 61. 278 Early Red - - 264 Hemskirke - = 264 Large Peach - - 264 Large Red - - 264 Moorpark 61, 264. 278. 280. 876
Turkey = - - 264
Cherries : —
Belle de Choisy - ~- 264 Bigarreau - - 520 Black Eagle 264. 375. 462. 520
Black Tartarian - 264 Downton - - 264
Early Purple Guigne - 264
Elton - - 264. 875 Kentish - - 520 May Duke - - 520 Morello - - - 582 Dates - - - 649 Figs - - - 582 Nerii, cudé. - - 468 Gooseberries : — Crompton’s Sheba Queen - - 264
LIST OF
Artichoke, Jerusalem, cz/t. 259 |
Asparagus - - - 156 Beet - - - - 666 Borecole - : - 296 Broccoli - - - Al Brussels Sprouts - 57, 461
Victoria régia - - 566 Vinca major - - 479 Viola flavic6rnis - - 672
canina - - 672 Vitex A’gnus castus - 99 Wistarza Consequana - 686
sinénsis - - 311
LIST OF FRUITS.
Gooseberries : — Pitmaston Green Gage 264 Taylor’s Bright Venus 264 Grapes, cult. - 89. 435. 598. 613 Ahbee - - 469 Black Damascus - 571 Black Esperione - 176
Black Frontignan 265, 176 Black Hamburg - 61. 101.
265. 570 Black Lombardy - 61. 265 Black Morocco - ~- 265 Black Muscadel - 107 Black Prince - 107. 176 Black Raisin - 107. 265 Black Tripoli - = Gy
Cannon Hall Muscat 61. 265
Charlesworth Tokay - 411 Grizzly Frontignac - 265 New Black Cluster - 411 Oldaker’s West’s St. Peter’s - - 107°
Purple Constantia 265. 570 Stillwell’s Sweetwater - 571 Syrian - - 571 Tokay = 265 West's St. Peter’ s 265. 571 White Constantia - 570 White Frontignan 265. 570 White Muscadine - 176
White Muscat 176. 265. oe 0 White Portugal - 571 White Raisin - - 266 White Sweetwater 265. 570 Wortley Hall - - 107 Melons, cuit. - 204 Egyptian Green Flesh 422. : 424 Ispahan - 422. 468 Kew Cantaloup - - 424 King’s Favourite = 424 Old Scarlet Flesh - 422 Romana - - 423 Mulberry - 566 Musa. See Plantain. Nectarines : Impératrice - - 401 Violette hative - - 266 Orange - 4. 268. 660 Peach, cuit. - - 399 Bellegarde - - 266 Gallande - - 266 New variety - - 312 Pears: — Althorp Crassane - 412 Autumn Bergamot 590. 411 Bergamotte de Paques 402
Beurré de Flandres - 266
LISTS OF FRUITS, CULINARY VEGETABLES,
Yiicca gloriosa - - 101 Zamia angustifolia - 20 pangens - - 306. 365 Zieria \evigata - - 546 Zingiber officinalis - 652 Zizyphus nepalensis - - 306 Zygopétalum africanum - 550 Pears : — Beurré de Noirchain - 266 Beurré Rance - 271 Bringewood - - 408 Broom Park - - 408 Brougham - - 408 Brown Beurré - 402, 411 Cardillac - - 174 Chaumontel - - 402 Colmar = - 402 Crassane - 402. 411 Croft Castle = - 408 Double fleur - - 174 Duchesse d’ Angouleme 174. 616 Dunmore - - 408 Eyewood - - 408 Incomparable Beurré - 266 Jargonelle - 390. 402. 411 March Bergamot - 408 Moccas - - - 408 Monarch - - 408 Monsieur le Curé - 410
Oakley Park Bergamot 408 Pengethley - - 408
Poire de Cleon - 410 St. Germain - - 402 St. Lezin - - 410 Summer Bergamot ~- 390 Swan’s Egg = - 390
Uvedale’s St. Germain - 410
Van Mons Léon le Clerc - 174. 616
Windsor - - 390 Pines ¢ —
Pommerail - - 609
Queen init - 129 Plantain : —
Dacca - - 175 Plums : —
Denyer’s Victoria - 266
Dunmore - - 408
Green Gage - - 266
Impératrice - 61. 278
Reine Claude - 266 Pumpkin - - - 670 Strawberries : —
Alpine, cult. _- 89. 609
American Scarlet - 266
Black Roseberry - 266
Coul late Scarlet - 266
Elton’s Seedling = - 296
Garnstone Scarlet - 266
Grove End Scarlet 266. 470 Keen’s Seedling, cult. 469.
582. 609. Kew Pine - - 582 Myatt’s Pine - 296. 302. 411 Swainston Seedling - 609
CULINARY VEGETABLES.
Caper, culé. - - 46 Carrot - 47. cult. 207. 302 Early Dutch Horn’ - 46] White, culé. - = 209 Wild - - = 296
Celery :— ; Seymour’s White, czlé. 91 Turnip-rooted - £96
Chicory, cui. = - - - 90
Gourd - - 296
Mushrooms - 271. “cull. 3871. 420
4
AGRICULTURAL PLANTS, AND SOCIETIES.
Onions : — - - 437. 650 Potato - - = 663 Turkey, culé. - - 207
Peas - 433
Potato,cult. 210. 277, 5278. 346. 376. cult. 390. cult. 395. cult. 415
LIST OF
Clover : — Bokhara - 46. 101. 670 Black nonsuch - 278 yellow - - 278 Hordeum distichum — - 31g nidum - 673
Potatoes : — Rohan - = - 98 Sweet - = 296 Wild - - = 259 Scotch Kale - - - 357 Shallot - 3 = 296
AGRICULTURAL PLANTS
Hord. vulgare - - - 674 nudum - - 673 trifurcatum - - 674 Indian Corn = * «= - 670 Madder - - - 649 Madia sativa - - 38
LIST
XVI1
Spinach = Sy - 437 Truffles = . - 420 Turnips, cal. - 472 Roughead’s Swedish - 48 Yellow Dutch - - 104 Melilotus arbdrea_ - 567. 610. 670
officinalis = - 46 Triticum sativum - 38 Wheat, new kinds of - 38
OF HORTICULTURAL, BOTANICAL, AND FLORICULTURAL
Aberdeenshire Hort. - 686 Andover.Hort. - - - 680 Barrowford Pink Show - 681
Bath Royal Hort. and Bot. 682 Bath Hort. - - 683 Beeston and Chilwell Flower Show - - - 682 Berks Royal Hort * - 676 Biggleswade Hort. - 676 Birmingham Grand Dahlia
Exhibition - - 684 Birmingham — Gooseberry
and Flower Show = 684 Brechin Hort. - - 688
Bristol and Clifton Dahlia Show - - 683 Burton- upon-Trent Hort. 683 Caledonian Hort.* - 685 Cambridge Florists’ Soc. - 676
Cambridge Annual Dahlia Show - - - 676
Cambridge Hort. - - 676
Cheltenham Hort. and Flor. 680
Chester Fior.and Hort. - 676 Chesterfield Gooseberry Show - - - 678 Cirencester Hort. - = 680 Cirencester Hort. Associa- tion - - 680 Clackmannanshire Hort. - 686 Cornwall Royal Hort. - 676 Coventry Hort. - - 684 Croydon Dahlia Show - 684 Derby Gooseberry Show - 6/8
Devon and Cornwall Royal
__ Hort. = - - 678 Doncaster Hort. - - 684 Dover Hort. - - - 681 Dumfries and Galloway Hort. - - 686 Dundee Flor. andl Hort. - 688 East Surrey Florists’ Soc. - 687 Eltham Hort. and Flor. - 681 Exeter Hort. - - = 680
Exeter Grand Dahlia Ex.
hibition - - - 680 Falkirk Hort. By - 689 Felton Flor. - -. - 682
1840. Dec.
SOCIETIES.
| Féte Champetre in the Bel-
fast Bot. Gard. = - 690 Fife Hort. and Flor. - 687 Forres and Nairn Hort. ~- 688 Gateshead Ancient Florists’
Society - - 680 Grantham Flor. and Hort. 682 Grantham Carnation Show 682 Guernsey Hort. - - 685 Hampstead Flor. - 682 Hants Hort. - - 680 Hartwell Gooseberry Show 676 Heath Tulip Show - 684
Herts Hort. 3 - 680 Hexham Flor. and Hort. - 682 Hinckley Hort. and Flor. - 682 ’ Horncastle Flor. and Hort. 682 Huntingdonshire Hort. - 681 Ipswich Flor. - - 684 Jersey Agric. and Hort. - 685 Kelso Hort. - - 689 Kennoway Flor. and Hort. 687 Kent and Canterbury Flor.
and Hort. o 5 - 681 Kilkenny Hort. - - 690
Kilmadock and Kincardine
in Monteith Cottage; and
Farm Garden - = 687 Kingston Flor. and Hort. - 684 Leicestershire Flor. and
Hort. = = = 682 Lynn Hort. = he - 682 Maidstone Hort. - - 68)
Market Drayton Hort. and Flor. - - 682 Melbourne Flor. and Hort. 682 Melbourne Gooseberry Show 682 Metropolitan Soc. of Florists 682 Middleton Tulip Show - 682 Middleton Gooseberry Show 682 Newcastle Bot. and Hort. - 682 Norfolk and Norwich Hort. 682 Northwich Flor. and Hort. 676 Norwich Dahlia Show - 682 Nottingham Flor. and Hort, 682
Old Lenton Gooseberry Show = 5 - 682 Oxfordshire Hort. - 682 a
Pitlessie- Hort. = Pittville Hort. Assoc.
Royal Perthshire Hort. Salop Flor. and Hort.
Sheffield Hort. -
Sheffield Tulip Show Sheffield Pink Show South Essex Hort. - South London Hort,
Wolverhampton Hort.
Worcestershire Hort. Wrexham Hort. - York Hort. -
York Hort. Exhibition York Amateur Flor.
| Redford and Bawtry Hort. - Royal Hort. Soc. of Ireland 690
Sandbach Flor. and Hort. - - 6 Sheffield Class Dahlia Show 684
= 688° - 680
- 688 - 682
- 654 - 684 - 680 - 682
South Walworth Amateur Flor. - - 682 ‘St. Andrew’sHort. and Flor. 688 Stafford Flor. and Hort. ~- 683 Stamford Flor. and Hort. - 682 Stirling Hort. - ~ 690 St. Neot’s Hort. - - 681
Stockport Annual Tulip Show - - 676 Stowmarket Hort. Soc. - 684
Sunderland Flor. and Hort. 680 Trecan Cottage-Gardening 677 Uttoxeter Hort. and Flor, - 684 Vale of Evesham Hort, and
Flor. - - - 684 Wakefield Flor. - - 684 Wallington Pink Show - 684 Warrington Tulip and Hort. 681 West Kent Pink - - 681 West London Amateur
Dahlia - - 682 West Renfrewshire Hort. - 689 Whitefield Pansy Show - 682 Whitehaven Flor. and Hort. 678 Wilts Hort. - - - 684 Winchester Pansy Show - 680 °
Winchester Auricula Show 680 Wingham Hort. and Flor. - 681
- 684
Wolverhampton Tulip Show 684
- 684 - 685 - 684 - 684 - 634
XVIil
LIST OF GARDENS AND COUNTRY SEATS.
LIST OF GARDENS AND COUNTRY SEATS.
Abbotsbury ~- - - 477 Alton Towers ~~ 103. 230. 280. 542. 580 Apthorpe - - 331 Arboretum, Derby - 15. 47. 59. 73. 521 Arno’s Grove - - = 584 Arunde! Castle - - 477 Ascot Place - - 586 Ashridge - = 24. 88. 90. 207 Aylsham = - - 668 Bagshot Park - = 593 Bayfordbury - - ~ 588 Bedgebury Park . - 311 Beech Hill = a - 342 Beech Hill Park - - 584 Beech Lawn - - 585 Belford = - 342. 583 Belsay Castle - - 476 Belton 2 - 571 Belvidere - - 342, 583 Belvoir Castle - - 332 Benacre Hall - - 44 Bicton - - 484. 608 Billingbear Park - - 672 Blackheath Park - - 121 Blagdon 5 - - 674 Blaize Castle - - 337 Blickling - - - dal Botanic Gardens : — Bartram’s - - 180 Bath -“ 43
- 363. 484. 567
Belfast Birmingham - 19. 102. 150. 501. 546 Calcutta = - 608 Cambridge - - 479 Carlsruhe - - 578 Chelsea - - 110. 361 Edinburgh = 175. 295. 608 Gilbault’s = - 68 Glasgow - 20, 147. 294. 476 Glasnevin - 476. 594 Kew - 183, 184. 232. 365. 505. 566. 586. 590. 601. 675 Leyden - - .- 578 Liverpool - - 361 Munich -~ - - 578 Newburgh - 645. 658 Regent’s Park - 183. 239. 321, 514. 605 Saharumpore - - 4 Sheffield - - 59, 294 St. Augustine - - 662 St. Petersburgh - 546 Sloane Street - - 26
Trinity CON - 476. 546
Boultibrook 379 Bowood - - 358. 419 Bracondale - - - 600 Bradley House - - 585 Bramshill - - - 331 Brereton - - - 331 Bromley Hill - - 24. 45 Burghley House - - 331 Bury Hill - - 413 Caen Wood = - 566 Calderstone = - - 476 Carclew - 17. 23. 476. 549. 593 Castle Ashby = - 331. 670 Castle Hill - = - 391 Castle Martyr - » 611 Catton - = - - 600
Charlton House - 342. 582 Chatsworth - 103. 107. 180. 186.
203. 229. 275. 354. 377. 572 Claremont - - 476. 581 Closeburn - - - 302 Cobham Hall - - 331 Coliseum - 586 Cossey Hall 244. 254. 976. 388.
391. 393. 601 Cowdray - - - 331 Croome Park - - 44, 45 Danby Cottage - ~ 586
Dean - = ~ ool Deepdene - - - dil Downton Castle - - 396 Dropmore - - 8. 476 Dyrham Park - - 90 Dysart House = - 271 Earlham Hall - - 600 East Comb - - 342. 581 Satington Park 5 - 589 Elvaston Castle - = 572 Enville - - - 514 Eyewood - < - 377 Fence - - - 189 Fonthill - - 586. 615 Fortis Green, Muswell Hill 49 Forton Cottage - - 672 Gardens : —
Imperial Vienna - 597
Kensington - - 570
Leeds Zoological and Botanical - - 566 T.ondon Horticultural - 21. 23. 75. 189. 146. 156. 202, 203. 209. 263. 293. 295. 303. 318. 346, 347. 394. 477. 541. 591. 595. 672. Royal, Bavaria Surrey Zoological Allen, Hon. W. - Anderson, David, Esq. 271 Balfour, Jarmes, Esq. - 271 Beadon, Rev. Frederick 476 Brignold, S., Esq. - 600 Chalmers, Mrs. - 410 Child, —, Esq. - 5
Crookshanks, Hon. G.- 66 Dunn, Hon. J. H. - 66 Fox, —, Esq. - - 484 Friend, John, Esq. - 312 Garnier, Rev. J. - 489
Goodenough, Asa, Esq. 69
Gurney, Mrs. Jane = 600 Hamilton, Peter, Esq.- 66 Harrison, Will., Esq. - 489 Hawley, Ira, Esq. - 67
Hewitt, Rev. Augustus 480
Ives, F., Esq. - - 600 Jarvis, W. B., Esq. - 67 Johnson, Mr. - - 567 Markland, Hon. Geo. - 66
M‘Nab, Sir Allen Napier 65 Merry, R., Esq. - - 600 Molson, John, Esq. = 69 Nesbitt, Mrs. Hamilton 502
Penn, John, Esq. «- 120 Powell, Hon. Chief Jus- tice - 67 Robinson, Hon. Chief Justice - - 67 Rogers, John, BE - 477 Sacco, Dr. - 306 Strutt, Edward, Esq. - 121 Strutt, George, Esq. ~ 121
Strutt, Jedediah, Esq. - 121.
126 Sutor, wy, Esq. - 65 Taylor, A. Esq. - - 600 Unthank, C. W. Esq. - 600 Vivian, John Henry - 477 Warner, W. L., Esq. 601
Wauchope, John, Esq. - 271 Wells, Hon. Joseph - 66 Willmore, John, Esq. - 149
Winnett, Major - 65
Wise, Rev. H. - - 411
Zanoli, Baron - 98. 304 Garnstone Park - - 172 Gosford House - - 270 Grove Hill - - 502 Haffield = = - 419 Hafton Gardens - - 567 Hagley - - - 352 Hardwick - - - 331 Harlaxton Manor - - 929 Harringay - - 342, 584 |
Hatfield - - - 331 Hayes - - - 328 Highclere - . = 493 Holkham Hall - - 666 Holland Park - - 566 Holyrood - - 362. 563 Hoole House - - 586 Hopetoun - - - 174 Horsforth Hall - - 265 Howick Hall - - 196
Hungerton Hall - 329. cae 569
Hyde Park - - 566 Kensington Palace - 566 Kenwold - - - 90 Keswick - - 662 Kingsbury ~ 20. 131. 229. 233. 277. 293. 345. 419. 548 Kirby * - 331 Hen Castle - + 35. 101 Knightley Park - ~ 510 Knole - - - 35, 331 Knypersly - - - 596 Langley Farm - - 479 Langley Hall - - 44 Leeds Abbey - - - 327 Levens Hall - - = 663 Lime Grove - - + 566 Litchurch Villa - - 101 Littlecote - = = 331 Longleat - - - 331 Maeslough Castle = OT Margam - - - 498 Melville House = - 275 Merevale Hall - = 224 Moseley Hall - So 2 BED) Newington Lodge - ~- 270 Nurseries : — Adams’s
67 Albion (Stoke Newington)
Bagshot i 6 Barrett’s (Wakefield) - 299 Belonge’s - - 67
Berkhampstead = - 45 Blinkbonny~ - 68 Ganteaiitey 44. 47. 209. 541 Chandler’s = - 201 Chester - 44 Clapton - 45. 238. 343 Clarendon (Jersey) - 174 Colvill’s (King’s SEBS) 126 Cullis’s - 6
Durham Down - 486 Exeter - = ee 593 Fleming’s 67 Forest’s (Kensington) - 240 609 Forres - - 153 Fulham ~- ll. 47. 1 363. 541 Hammersmith’ = 565. 675 Handsworth - - 98 Hooker’s = = 476 Hope - - - 605 Inverleith - - 270 Jeckell’s = - 67 Kilmarnock - 97
Knight’s Exotic - 147. 238. 268. 311. 346. 572
Lavender Hill - - dil Leith Walk - - 46 Loddiges = - 114 201 Logan’s - - - 67 Mackie’s - - 476. 548 Mansfield’s = - 67 Mile End - - - 490 Milford = - 37. 656 Montreal - - 68 Norbiton - - 31l Pine-Apple_ - - 1. 343 Ripon - - 594 Rollison’s = - £01 Sawbridgeworth ~- ‘M1. 47.
100. 263. 541 Shepherd’s - - 68
LIST OF BOOKS REVIEWED OR NOTICED. AIX
“Nurseries, cont. Ripley Castle - - - 269 | Town Close - - - 600 Southampton - 475. 565 | Rolleston Hall - - 476 | Trent Park - - 342
St. Helier (Jersey) - 271 | Rosemont - - - 594 | Trentham Hall - ~~ 342. 580 Taunton - - 98 | Rose Park - - - 271 | Valentines - = - 3ll Oakfield Lodge - - 258. 388 | Rossie Priory - - - 252 | Valley Field - - 402 Oak House - - - 586 | Scone Palace - - - 250 | Vine Cottage = - 129 Ochtertyre House - - 567 | Sketty Hall - - 476 | Wardour Castle - - 586 Osberton = - - 479 | Somerford Hall - - 476 | Warwick Castle - - 615 Owston - = - 476 | South Lodge, Enfield - 328 | Welbeck - 101. 177. 399. 594 Pain’s Hill - - - 586 | Spofforth - 150. 235. 346. 476 | Wemyss Castle - - 271 Penllergare - - - 480 | Springtield - 102 616 | Wentworth House’ - 185. 550 Penrice Castle - - 480 | Stoke Edith Park - - 597 | West Heath - - 583 Pittour - - - 271 | Stoneham Park - - 476 | Westwood S a = 331 Pitmaston - - 410, 414. 476 | Stow - = 46. 327. 588 | Whitmore Lodge - - 145 Priory 2 - - 585 | Stratton Park - - 667 | Woburn* - 148, 202. 295. 476 Radford Cottage - - 586 | Studley Royal = - 384 | Wollaton - - 331. 590 Rashton = . - 331 | Syon - 48. 123. 131. 344. 590 | Woodlands - - 582. 584 Ravingham Hall = - 44} Temple Newsham - - 331 | Wootton Lodge = 342. 579 Redleaf - - 477. 586 | Theobald’s - - - 587 | Worksop Manor = - 477 Regent’s Park = - 566 ' Thirlestaine Castle - 567 | Wortley Hall - 105
LIST OF BOOKS REVIEWED OR NOTICED.
Agardh’s Recensio Specierum Generis Pteridis,
Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles d’ Agriculture, &c. de Lyon, 358.
Appleby’s Catalogue of Plants, 217
Anon. A Hand-book for Cultivators of Fruit Trees, 263. 517.
Anon. Annual Report of the Royal Cornwall Polytechnic Society, 95.
Anon, Companion tothe Almanack for 1840, 35.
Anon. Design for laying out the Garden of the Royal Botanic Society of London, 605.
Anon. Edinburgh Quarterly Journal of Agri- culture, 213.
Anon. Elements of Botany for Families and Schools, 32.
Anon. Hints for the Use of Highland Tenants and Cottagers, 214.
Anon. Journal of the English Agricultural So- ciety, 169.
Anon. London Architectural Precedents, 267.
Anon, The British Almanack for 1840, 35,
Anon. The Penny Magazine, 222.
Anon. The Year-Book of Facts, 267.
Anon. Transactions of the Horticultural So- ciety of London, 346. 394. 467.
Anon. Transactions of the Society of Arts, 298
Anon. Transactions of the Imperial and Royal Agricultural Society of Vienna, 298.
Anon. Twenty Years’ Experience in Australia,
Anon. Regulations for the internal Adminis- tration of the Garden of the Horticultural Society of London, 318.
Anon. Report of the Society for obtaining free Admission to the National Monuments, 563.
Baines’s Flora of Yorkshire, 660.
Berléze’s Monographie du Genre Camellia, &c., 668.
Brady’s Visitor’s Guide to Knowle, 35.
Bridgeman’s Florist’s Guide, 560.
Buist’s American Flower-Garden Directory, 297.
Burnett’s Illustrations of Usetul Plants, employed in Medicine, 297.
Carter’s Catalogue of Bulbs, 562.
Clark’s Method of Pruning and Training Standard Apple ‘l'rees, 263.
Curtis’s Botanical Magazine, 18. 145. 201. 292. 343. 545. 592.
Daly’s Revue Générale d’Architecture et des Travaux Publics, &c., 35.
Davy’s Agricultural Chemistry, 95.
Davy’s Architectural Precedents, 562.
DeCandolle’s Vegetable Organography, 163.
De Lessert’s Figures of select Plants from the Herbariums of Paris, 350.
aqonaldson’s Bayldon’s Art of valuing Rents, &c., 9
Drummond and Sons’ Catalogue of Implements, Seeds, Plants, &c., 562.
Drummond’s Letter to Thomas Phillips, Esq., R.A., on the Connexion between the Fine Arts and Religion, 561.
Dayscale and Lawson’s Catalogue of Seeds, &c., 562.
Exposition de Fleurs, &c., de Lyon, 663,
Franeis’s Grammar of Botany, 560.
Grigor’s Eastern Arboretum, 352. 600. 465.
Hodges’s Use of Pearson’s Draining Plough, 35.
Hooker’s Icones Plantarum, 167.
Hooker’s Journal of Botany, 300.
Jackson’s Treatise on Agriculture and Dairy Husbandry, 669.
Johnson and Shaw’s Farmer’s Almanack, 607. 73
Johnson’s, Louisa, Every Lady her own Flower- Gardener, 660.
Johnson, On increasing the Depth of Soils, 216.*
Jones’s Principles and Practice of Levelling, 267.
Kittoe’s Illustrations of Indian Architecture, 356.
Knowles and Westcott’s Floral Cabinet, 18. 145.
Kollar’s Treatise on Insects, 92.
Lemaire’s Cactearum Genera nova, Species, &c.,
32.
Lewis’s Illustrations and Description of Kilpeck Church, Herefordshire, 561.
Lhotsky’s Journey from Sydney to the Australian Alps, 217.
Liebig’s Organic Chemistry, 604.
Lindley’s Appendix to the Botanical Register, 94.
Lindley’s Botanical Register, 18. 145. 201. 292. 343. 545. 593.
Lindley’s Report on the Botanic Garden at Kew, 365
000.
Lindley’s Theory of Horticulture, 92. 155. 425.
Link, Klotzch, and Otto’s Icones Plantarum rariorum Horti Regii Botanici Berolinensis, 550.
Loudonjs Arboretum Britannicum, 11.
Loudon’s Edition of Repton’s Landscape-Gar- dening, 262.
Loudon’s Suburban Gardener, 24.
Loudon’s, Mrs., Companion to the Ladies’ Flower- Garden, 267.
Loudon’s, Mrs., Gardening for Ladies, 267. 350.
Loudon’s, Mrs., Ladies’ Flower-Garden of Or- namental Annuals, 19. 262. 242.
Loudon’s, Mrs., Ladies’ Flower-Garden of Or- namental Bulbous Plants, 263.
Loudon’s, Mrs., Magazine of Gardening, 607.
Macgillivray’s Manual of Botany, 560.
Main’s Forest Pruner, 517.
Mallet’s Experiments upon the Action of Sea and River Water, 34.
Marnock’s Floricultural Magazine, 603.
Maund’s Botanist, 18. 145. 292. 343. 545. 593.
Maund’s Botanic Garden, 18. 145. 292. 545.
May’s Catalogue of Plants, 605.
Morch’s Catalogus Plantarum Horti Botanici Hafniensis, 34.
| Morgan’s Religion and Crime, 606,
XX
Morton’s Report on the present State of Whitfield Farm, 2 6.
Mudie’s Florist’s Journal, 602.
Mudie’s Surveyor, Engineer, and Architect, 171.
Mudie’s Views of the Adaptations of Nature in the Vegetable Kingdom, 220.
Newman’s History of British Ferns, 168.
Page’s History and Guide for Drawing the Acan- thus, 355.
Parkes’s Report onPerkins’s Patent Steam Boiler, 299.
Pauls’s Catalogue of Roses, 562.
Paxton’s Botanical Dictionary, 557.
Paxton’s Magazine of Botany, 18. 132. 145. 201. 292. 343. 545. 593.
Perkins’s Patent Apparatus for Warming and Ventilating Buildings, 266.
Redfield’s Remarks on Mr. Espy’s Theory of Centripetal Storms, 35.
Ricauti’s Rustic Architecture, 355.'519. 561.
Rivers’s Catalogue of Trees and Shrubs, 10.
Rivers’s Descriptive Catalogue of Fruits, 263.
Rivers’s Rose Amateur’s Guide, 298.
Royle’s Natural History of the Himalayan Moun- tains, 348.
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.
Sang’s Catalogues of Flower Seeds, Geraniums, Fruit Trees, Seeds, and Implements, 93.
Sayer’s American Flower-Garden Companion, 559.
Sayer’s Treatise on the Culture of the Dahlia and Cactus, 559.
Sheer’s Kew and its Gardens, 297.
Sproule’s Treatise on Agriculture, 34.
Taylor’s Help to the Schoolmistress, 562.
The Gardener’s Annual Register, 607.
Tim’s Literary World, 266.
Tollard’s Traité des Végétaux qui composent l Agriculture, &c., 663.
Torrey and Gray’s Flora of North America, 94.
Traité de la Composition et de l’’Ornement des Jardins, &c., 662.
Vilmorin’s Bon Jardinier, £96.
Visiano’s Origin and Antiquity of the Botanic Garden of Padua, 297.
Vittadini’s Description of the Eatable and Poi- sonous Sorts of Fungi common in Italy, 298.
Walker’s Gatherings from Grave-Yards, 95.
Webb’s Selection of rare Plants indigenous to Spain, 94, 297.
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.
A.B., 152. A. G., 220. Alexander, James, 207. Allen, James, 48. Amicus, 268, 275. 300. An- derson, W., 110. 275. Appleby, T. 189. A Subscriber, 37. 568.
Bainbridge, Rev. T., 23. B.C., 42. Beaton, D., 26. 129.. 155. 229. 277. 326. 420. Berkeley, M. J., 258. 376. Billington, B. B., 269. Braith- waite, G. M., 231. Brewster, J., 388. Booth, W.B., 16. Brown, T.C., 36. 218. Brown, W., 224. 376. Brown, Hay, 597. Buist, George, 193.
Cameron, David, 103. Clarke, John, 38. Clarke, W., 44.45. C. M. B., 102. Conductor, 10. 37. 41, 42, 43. 45, 46, 47, 48. 73. 97. 100, 101, 162. 104. 110. 115. 120. 180. 184. 220. 293. 233. 268, 269, 270. 278. 280. 302, 303. 310. 312. 322. 325. 529. 358. 362. 375. 418. 514. 517. 519. 521. 564, 565, 566, 567. 569. 609. 616. 617. Cuthill, J. 90.
D. B., 268. 272. Downing, A. J., 658. D. R., 48. Dunbar, W., 183. Duncan, John, 224.
E., 326. E. B., 278. Elliott, G. M., 269.
F., 326. Fenn, T., 44. Fish, John, 246. 283. Forsyth, Alexander, 103, 104. 153. 204. 230. 255. 259. Fowler, Benjamin, 324.
Glenny, George, 16. Glendinning, R., 608. Gor- don, Alexander, 63. 565. 660. Gordon, G., 1. Gordon, W., 609. Gorrie, Archibald, 610. Grigor, John, 153.
Herbert, Hon. and Rev. W., 289, 290. 380, 381. H.L., 45. H. T., 43. 389.
Jennings, John, 389. J.J., 311. J., 174. J. B.W., 105. 173. 185. 302. 327. 377. 520. J. D., 37. J.L., 27. 3). 81.*111. 150. 259. 657. 670. J. M., 181. 292. 2997. J. O. N., 104. J.P. W., 656. J. R., 273. 823, 361. Jukes, H. W., 384. J. W. D., 280.
Hutchinson, W., |
W., 611. Kenbury,
Tess 18d, IOLA) ls, Kirkwood, Wil-
Keene, Charles, 313. Kidd, J., 252. liam, 40.
Leclerc, L., 616. Lowndes, R., 672. L. P., 514. L. R., 376. Lymburn, R., 104. 210. 218. 326. 425. Lyons, John, 375.
Main, J., 80.517. Manetti, Giuseppe, 70. 99. 225. 241. 310. Masters, W., 209. M‘Nab, J., 41. Mease, J.,231 Munro, J., 670.
Nesfield, W. A.,49. N.M. T., 186. 640. N. T., 104. 110.
Pamplin, W., junior, 311. Pearson, John, 48. P. N., 175. 272. Portland, Scott, 101. P. S., 514.
Repton, John Adey, 615. Ricauti, S. J., 519. Robertson, Patrick, 567. Robison, Sir John, 117. 230. Rogers, John, 139. 196. 281. R. T., 89. Rutger, T., 566. R. W.F., 243.
Sang, John, 190. Saul, Amaziah, 390. Saunders, Bernard, 45. Scott, J.,37. Seymour, James, 88, 89, 91.207. S.M., 303. Sowerby, J. D. C., 313. 517. Spencer, John, 358. 419. Surrey- ensis, 280. 568.
Taylor, Samuel, 101. 224. 302. 567. Taunton, W. P., 609. T.B., 44.311. T. €. 101. Thack- eray, John, 154. Thompson, John, 43. Tongue, R., 672. T. R., 375, 376.
Veitch, Henry, 113. 360. Vil-
W., 59. 229. 257.
morin, 568. 672. Awe Mes ollotol 2m oo0s
520. Wagner, F. E.,100. W. B., 180. Web- ster, J.,203. Weilbach, A., 108. W. H. 269. 598. W. H.W., 419. Wighton, J., 244. 252. 276. 385. 391. 393. Wilmot, J., 128. Wilds, W., 39. Wilson, William, 674. Wright, James, Bed ONG 40S, Bish
Veritas, 424.
THE SUBURBAN HORTICULTURIST; Being an Attempt to explain the whole Science and Art of;Horticulture to those who have hitherto
been without experience or practice, To be published monthly, and completed in twelve Numbers.
By J. C. Lovupon. No. L, Price 1s.
will appear on the ist of January, 1841.
THE LADIES’ MAGAZINE OF GARDENING,
With coloured Plates of new or rare Flowers, and with numerous woodcuts. No, I., Price 1s. 6d., will be published on the Ist of January next. To be continued monthly.
Publisher, W. Smirn, 113. Fleet Street.
Editor, Mrs. Loupon.
THE
GARDENER’S MAGAZINE, JANUARY, 1840.
ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS.
Art.1. Report on the new Species and Varieties of Hardy Trees and Shrubs raised in the Horticultural Society’s Gardens since the last Report, made in October, 1838, and published in the “Gardener's Magazine,” vol. xiv. p. 581. Drawn up for the ‘* Gardener’s Ma- gazine ’ "by Mr. Gorpon, Foreman of the Arboretum, by Permis- sion of the Council of the Horticultural Society.
Ranuncura ces. — Clématis grata Wall. This species was raised from Himalayan seeds presented to the Society by Dr. Royle; it is quite hardy, and a free grower, flowering in Oc- tober. ‘The flowers are small, like those of C. virginiana, to which it seems nearly related, but with much smaller leaves. It was received by the Society under the name of C. nepalénsis, but upon flowering it proved to be C. grata of Dr. Wallich; C. ne- palénsis being one of those species which, like C. montana Wail., flower in May. It is not yet introduced.
Clématis [cirrhosa] polymérpha Lodd. ‘This is, I think, only a large, but very distinct, variety of Clématis calycina Ait, with large spotted flowers, and foliage double the size. It is * probably the true Clématis baleérica of Persoon, as one of the plants in the Society’s collection was received from the Hon. W. Fox Strangways as the true C. balearica. ‘The specific name balearica is often applied to C. flammula rotundifolia, which is the same as C. fragrans, the subevergreen variety of C. flam- mula.
Clématis Hendersonii Chandicr. ‘This beautiful hardy creeper should be in every collection, and trained on every suburban cottage, for it is one of the most ornamental of the genus, with large bright purple flowers, which are produced in profusion from June to September. It appears as if it had been raised be- tween C. integrifolia and C. Viticélla, but it is decidedly ligneous. It was raised by Mr. J. A. Henderson, F.H.S., Pine-apple Place. The plants in the Society’s collection were presented by Messrs. Chandler and Mr. Henderson.
Clématis [campaniflora] parviflora Dec. The Society is in- debted to the late M. Fischer of Gottingen for this ? species. It is very nearly related to C. campaniflora Arb. Brit. p. 242.,
Vou. XVI. — No. 118.
2 New hardy Trees and Shrubs
but has flowers only one half the size, and the plant is of slen- derer growth; but the colour of the flowers and the plant in other. respects is nearly the same, and it is probably only a variety of C. campaniflora.
The following prove to be the same as Clématis campani- flora Ard. Brit., viz. C. viornéides Schrader and C. Viticélla bac- cata Dec.
Berperé cez.— Bérberis [? ibérica] glatca Booth. This is a distinct but rather slender plant, with small but very glaucous leaves, and is nearly related to B. ibérica. It was received from Messrs. Booth of Hamburg, but it is in other collections under the false name of B. zlicifolia; but the true B. zlicifolia of Forst. is the same as the B. heteroph¥lla of Juss., a plant found near the Straits of Magellan, while the present plant is probably from the Altai or Caucasus.
Bérberis carolinidna Nutt. This is only a variety of B. canadénsis (or rather of B. vulgaris), with long narrow leaves ; and, as a variety of the common berberry, is very distinct and rather singular.
Bérberis (vulgdris] provincidlis Schrader. ‘This ? species has dark brown shoots, with few spines, red fruit, and rather shining leaves, which are retained longer than on most of the varieties of B. vulgaris. It seems as if it were intermediate between B. vul- garis and B. sinénsis, and it is probably only a rather distinct variety of B. vulgaris. ‘The plant was received from the late M. Fischer of Gottingen, as the true J&B. provincialis; that generally sold in nurseries for B. provincialis not being different from B. vulgaris.
Berberis [vulgaris] licida Schrader. ‘This is only the common Bérberis vulgaris, with rather larger and brighter leaves.
Bérberis [vulgaris] emargindta Willd., Arb. Brt. p. 303. This is only a rather strong-growing variety of B. vulgaris, but not very distinct. It was received from M. Fischer of Gottingen.
Bérberis [vulgaris] spathulata Schrader. ‘This also is only a very slight variety of B. vulgaris.
Acera\cex.— Acer [eriocdrpa] Pavia Booth. This is only a variety of A. eriocarpa, with the leaves a little more divided, and the upper surface wrinkled like some of the pavias, which I sup- pose induced Messrs. Booth to give this variety of (Sir Charles Wager’s) maple so absurd a name.
Acer [campéstre] tatirica Dr. Fischer. ‘This seems to be one of the endless varieties of dcer campéstre, with less divided and larger leaves, but decidedly only a variety of the common maple,
RuamMna‘cex. — Ceanothus thyrsiflorus Lindl. This hand- some species is very distinct from C. azureus. It has much smaller and rounder leaves, and rather flat panicles of bright blue flowers. It is the C. ovatus cyaneus of the Continental col-
raised in the Chiswick Garden since Oct. 1838. 3
lections, and was presented to the Society by Messrs. Booth and Messrs, Baumann.
LEGUMINO'sZ. — Sophora heptaphglla Bentham. A small- flowering species, probably from China, which has proved quite hardy, but of little beauty. It flowers in October.
Genista tinctoria flore pleno. This pretty double-flowered variety of the common dyer’s broom was received from Messrs. Young of Epsom.
Eysenhdrdtia amorphoides Lindl., Bot. Reg. Miscell. 55. 1839, H. et B., vol. vi. t. 592., Don’s Mill, vol. ii. p- 234. <A very curious and ornamental plant raised from Mexican seeds, pre- sented to the Society by G. F. Dickson, Ksq., F.H.S. It is hardy, and resembles a small-leaved species of Amoérpha, with numerous spikes of small flowers.
Rosa‘cex.— Spire'a adiantifolia is the same as S. vaccinii- folia Don.
Spirea laxiflora Lindl., Bot. Reg. Miscell. 89. 1839. This species very much resembles in foliage and habit S. vacciniifolia Dec., but has rather large loose panicles of white flowers. It was raised in the garden of the Society, from seeds, presented by the Hon. East India Company, from the North of India.
Spire‘a cuneifolia Wall., Bot. Reg. Miscell. 87. 1839. This is the same as those sold in the nurseries about London under the following names: — S. argéntea, S. nitans, and S. canéscens. The first name (argéntea) belongs to a plant from New Granada, H. et B. vol. vi. t. 562., not yet introduced ; the others are names applied by different authors. S. cuneifolia is quite hardy, and is a native of the North of India.
Spire‘a Lindleyana Wail. This fine species belongs to the section Sorbaria, with large pinnate and finely serrated leaves. It is very hardy, and a oreat addition to this beautiful family of shrubs. JRaised in the garden of the Society, from seeds received from Dr. Royle.
Crate gus [spathulata] gedrgica Lodd. (not of Douglas). ‘This is certainly distinct from C. microcarpa Lindi., which is C. spa- thulata Arb. Brit., but nothing more than a variety of that species, with the leaves (Gueslahed! on longer footstalks, and rather smaller, while those of C. microcarpa are mostly three-lobed, and broader. C. microcarpa and this variety were the only Cratze’gi killed in the Society’s very extensive collection by the winter of 1837-8.
Crate\gus pectinata of some collections is the same as C. coc- cinea corallina Arb. Brit.
Crate'gus fiisca Jacq. Plants were raised from seeds received from Baron Jacquin, under the above name ; they have large prominent buds and cut leaves, like C. nigra or C. purpurea.
Cotoneaster [(r) bua«ifolia] margindta Lindl, This pretty plant
B 2
A New hardy Trees and Shrubs
comes nearest to C. duxifolia, with rather larger leaves, which are covered thickly on the under side and margin with a dense white tomentum. It was raised in the garden from seeds, sent to the Society by Dr. Falconer, from the Saharunpore Botanic Garden.
Cotonedster denticuldta H. et B. vol. vi. t. 556. This distinct species was raised from seeds collected by M. Hartweg, the Society’s collector in Mexico; and, as the Society has distributed a large quantity of the seeds to the Fellows of the Society, it will soon become common. It is probably not so hardy as the other species of Cotoneaster, not one of which was killed by the winter of 1837-8 in the Society’s garden.
PHILADELPHA CEH. — Dewtzia corymbosa Lindl., Bot. Reg. Miscell. No. 49. 1839. This I mentioned in my report of last year (Vol. XIV. p. 582.) under the name of D. canéscens Sieboldt; but, when the plants flowered in the Society’s collection, they proved to be the same as D. corymbosa Royle, figured in Royle’s Illustrations, plate 46. fig. 2.
GrossuLa‘cExz.— Ribes [Grossularia] himalayanuum Royle. This was raised from seeds presented to the Society by Dr. Royle, and seems hardly different from the A. Grossularia.
SAXIFRA GER. — Hydrangea altissima Wall. This curious species was raised in the garden of the Society, from seeds sent by Dr. Falconer, the superintendant of the Hon. E. I. Comp. Botanic Garden at Saharunpore; but the plants are too small at present for me to say more than to record its introduction.
CapriFoLia'cEs& § Lonice REZ.—Lonicera Ledebotrii Eschsch, This very distinct species comes nearest to the L. involucrata, — but is quite distinct; it has much smaller leaves, and yellower flowers. The plant was received from Messrs. Booth.
Caprifolium (sempervirens) Bréwnii. This is a fine variety of the trumpet honeysuckle raised by Messrs. Brown of Slough, and which, I think, should bear their name, as indicating the place of its origin. It has larger and rather brighter flowers than the common one, and, as a variety, is a great acquisition.
Erica cexz.— Andromeda Drumméndii? Hooker. This dis- tinct species was given to the Society by Mr. J. Cunningham of Edinburgh. It is rather a slender-growing plant, with the young leaves covered, as well as the young shoots, with a scurf like those of an Hleagnus.
A‘rbutus speciosa Dickscn. This beautiful species has long, lanceolate, finely serrated leaves, glaucous on the under side, and bright green on the upper. It will probably form a large bush, or small tree. It was raised in the garden of the Society, from seeds, presented by G. F. Dickson, Esq. F.H.S., collected in Mexico.
Pernéttya Cummingii Lodd. ‘This is nearly related to P.
raised in the Chiswick Garden since Oct. 1838. 5
mucronata, but differs from that species in having larger, less serrated, and more ovate leaves. It was given to the Society by Messrs. Loddiges.
SoLana cex. — Licium rigidum Booth. This very distinct species has rather long linear leaves and stiff shoots, resembling Z. afrum in having its glaucous appearance. It is probably a native of China or the North of India, and was presented to the Society by Messrs. Booth of Hamburg.
ELEAGNA CEH.—Eledgnus parvifolia Royle. This was raised from seeds for which the Society is indebted to Dr. Royle, who has been the means of introducing so many fine plants from the North of India. It is very distinct, with small round leaves, _ and said to be quite hardy. There is a figure of it in Dr. Royle’s beautiful L/ustrations of the Flora of Northern India, t. 81. fig. 1.
Eleagnus [hortensis] songdrica Fisch. Thisis only a variety of E. horténsis. It was received from Dr. Fischer.
Utma'cex. — Planera ulmifolia Baumann, Planera Gmeé- ling Arb. Brit. This seems only a dwarf variety of P. Ri- chardzz, but rather distinct; at all events it is as distinct as many of the kinds of U’Imus which are recorded in books as distinct species. It seems to be the same as P. aquatica, which is one of the synonymes of P. Gmelin in Arb. Brit.
BetuLa\cEx.—Philippodéndron betuloides. This is the Bétula bélla of Messrs. Booth, and of other Continental collections, and is the plant which so much noise was made about at Paris two years ago, “it being then named to compliment their citizen king,” and having there just flowered, for the first time, I believe, in Europe. It is also known under the name of the New Zea- land Birch, but the plant is not hardy, being destroyed by a few degrees of frost.
CoryLA cE. — Quércus falkenbergénsis Booth, Arb. Brit. vol. ili. p. 1926. ‘This appears to be only one of the varieties of Q. sessiliflora, with rather narrower leaves; and, like some of the other varieties it retains its leaves longer, and in mild winters would no doubt become subevergreen. ‘This is one of the so-called distinct species introduced to the Woburn collec- tion about two years back. ‘The plant in the Society’s collection was presented by Messrs. Booth.
Carpinus Carpinizza Jacquin. This is rather a distinct and curious spreading plant, resembling C. Bétulus, but with the leaves more pointed, and numerous small shoots; and is said to be better adapted for making hedges than the common hornbeam, and particularly dwarf ones. It was received from Dr. Fischer and Baron Jacquin.
Taxa cEx.— Vdarus nucifera Pers. This plant has proved per-
fectly hardy, and should be in every choice collection of hardy B 3
6 New hardy Trees and Shrubs
trees and shrubs. It certainly appears more like a species of Taxodium than of 7axus.
Con’ Ferm.—Pinus Gerardiana Arb. Brit. p. 2254. Leaves 3 in a sheath. The seeds from which the Neoza pine was raised in the garden of Society, and for the first time true, were received from His Excellency Lord Auckland, who transmitted them overland to Dr. Lindley; he being aware, before he left England, that all the plants sold by the nurserymen, or raised by private individuals, under the above names, were nothing more than P. longifolia. The young plants are very robust, and, like those of Abies Smithzdna, the points of the young plants recurve towards the ground, a thing I never observed before in any of the true pines. ‘This species is quite hardy.
Pinus Teocote Arb. Brit. p. 2266. Leaves 3 in a sheath. A large quantity of cones of this species, received from M. Hartweg, were distributed by the Society. It is a very distinct 3-leaved species, with very small cones, remarkably like those of the P. sylvéstris. ‘The drawing of the cone in the Arb. Brit. is too large, and is probably that of P. leiophylla. It is from the Ocotillo, and grows from 40 ft. to 50 ft. high. The seeds have vegetated freely.
Pinus pdtula Arb. Brit. p. 2267. Leaves 3 in a sheath. This is another pine, of which a large quantity of the seeds were distributed by the Society. It is a 3-leaved species, with the cones growing in clusters of six or eight; they are very hard, of a yellowish brown colour, mostly horn-shaped, and from $ to 4 in. long. It is from Guajoloté, growing 60 or 70 feet high. The seeds have vegetated freely.
Pinus Hartwegii Lindl. Bot. Reg. Miscel. 95. 1837. Leaves 4—5 inasheath. ‘This very handsome pine was collected by M. Hartweg for the Society, and in compliment to him it has been named by Dr. Lindley. It is very curious in having the leaves mostly four in a sheath, but sometimes five. ‘The cones are 4 in. long, slightly curved, tapering to a point, and of a dark brown colour, with the scales nearly flat. M. Hartwee sent it from the Campanario, where he found it a tree 40 or 50 feet high, and beginning to appear where the oyamel, or Abies religiosa, ceases to grow, about 9000 ft. above the sea, and hence it will prove hardy. The seeds have been distributed largely, and have vegetated tolerably well.
Pinus Devoniana Lindl., Bot. Reg. Miscel. 96. 1809. Leaves 5 in asheath. This noble species of pine has the leaves five in a sheath, and nearly a foot long. ‘The cones are about 10 in. long, 34 in. broad at the base, and tapering to a blunt point, with the scales nearly flat. It is the * Pino blanco,” or “ Pino real” of the Mexicans, and was raised in the garden of the Society from seeds collected by M. Hartweg, who describes it
raised in the Chiswick Garden since Oct. 1838. 7
as a hardy tree from 60 ft. to 80 ft. high, found on the Ocotillo, between Real del Monte and Regla. Dr. Lindley has given it the above name, in compliment to His Grace the Duke of Devon- shire, P.H.S. The seeds have vegetated freely.
Pinus Russelliana Lindl., Botanical Reg. Miscel. 97. 1839. Leaves 5 in a sheath. ‘This fine pine has the leaves five in a sheath, and rather slender. ‘The cones are about 8 in. long, 2 in. broad at the base, and terminating in a point, with the scales elevated into a small pyramid. It was found by M. Hartweg on the road from San Pedro to San Pablo, and by him transmitted to the Society, and the seeds have been largely distributed to the Fellows of the Society. Dr. Lindley has named it in compliment to the late Duke of Bedford. The seeds have grown freely.
Pinus macrophylla Lindl., Bot. Reg. Miscel. 98. 1839. Leaves 5 in asheath. ‘This splendid pine seems to be very scarce, as M. Hartweg only found one small tree. The leaves on the spe- cimens sent home are in fives, 14 or 15 inches long, very robust, and resembling those of the pinaster. ‘The cones are about 6 in. long, and 3 in. broad at the base, tapering to a point; the scales are strongly hooked backwards, like those of Pinus Coultérzz, and are very hard. ‘The seeds have grown remarkably well.
Pinus Pseudo-Strobus Lindl., Bot. Reg. Miscel. 99. 1839. Leaves 5 in a sheath. ‘This is another of M. Hartweg’s very valuable new pines, with the leaves in fives, about 6 in. long, glaucous, and very slender. ‘The cones are about 5 in. long, pointed, and curved, with the scales nearly flat. It is very com- mon at Anganguco, about 8000 ft. above the sea, and no doubt will prove quite capable of enduring even such severe winters as that of 1837-8. The seeds have grown well.
Pinus apulcénsis Lindl., Bot. Reg. Miscel. 100. 1839. Leaves 5 in asheath. This very distinct species has the leaves in fives, much shorter than any of the preceding, and very glaucous. The cones are also much smaller, being rather larger than a hen’s egg ; they are ovate, covered closely with pyramidal elevations, which are sometimes prolonged into a hook, particularly those nearest the base and point. M. Hartweg found it growing 50 ft. high in the ravines near Apulco. (Don, in the last edition of Sweet’s Hort. Brit.. has called this P. acapulcénsis, but probably by mistake.)
Pinus oocarpa Schiede, Bot. Reg. Miscel. 23. 1839, Gard. Mag. vol. xv. p. 237. fig. 44. Leaves 5 in a sheath. This spe- cies has the leaves about 8 or 10 inches long, very slender, and five ina sheath. The cones are egg-shaped (as the name implies), very hard, above the middle size, and the scales slightly elevated and very smooth, having the appearance of being varnished. The cones are mostly solitary. It was found by M. Hartweg, near
B 4
4
8 New hardy Trees and Shrubs ©
the Volcano of Jorulla, forming a tree from 30 ft. to 40 ft. high ; and Dr. Lindley thinks that it is one of the less hardy species. The seeds have vegetated freely. —
Pinus Llavéeana Schiede, Arb. Brit. p. 2267., and Gard. Mag. vol. xv. p. 128. fig. 23. Leaves 5 in a sheath. M. Hartweg has sent to the Society a large quantity of seeds of this species. The seeds are very large, and he says they are sold in the mar- kets of Mexico as those of the stone pine in the South of Europe. The seeds are tolerably good, and have vegetated. ‘This species grows from 15 ft. to 20ft. high on the Cardonal, near Zimapan. You mentioned in Vol. XIV. p. 530. that Messrs. Low had raised a large number of plants of this species from imported seeds; but this is not the case, as I called there a short time ago, and, on examining their young Mexican pines, I found those which were raised were probably P. Teocote, or leiophylla, or perhaps a new species, with very small cones. [The information was given to us 5 we did not see the young plants. ]
Pinus Montezumee Arb. Brit. p.2272. Leaves 5 in a sheath. This is another of M. Hartweg’s large collection of Mexican pines, with five leaves in a sheath, and the cones very like, but about double the size of, those of P. Hartwégz7. The reduced figure of the cone, fig. 2184. of the Arb. Brit., is very good, but fig. 2185. is doubtful. The tree grows from 40 ft. to 50 ft. high, on the road to the Sumate. ‘The seeds have grown freely.
Pinus leiophilla Schiede, Arb. Brit. p. 2273. Leaves ina sheath. ‘This is another of M. Hartweg’s collection of Mexican pines, with very small cones and long slender leaves. It is the *‘ Ocote chino” of the Mexicans, and a most valuable timber tree, growing from 60 ft. to 100 ft. high, and the timber is so hard as to resist the carpenter’s plane. Its chief range is about 7000 ft. above the level of the sea, on the mountains of Anganguco. It “is most probably very different from the P. leiophylla of Mr. Lambert, of which there are plants at Dropmore; but, as there has been a large quantity of good cones sent home by M. Hartweg, and distributed by the Society, it will soon become common in collections, by which it will be seen whether or not it is distinct. The seeds have vegetated freely.
Pinus Kesiya Royle. This species was raised from seeds pre- sented to the Society by Dr. Royle, F.H.S. The cones resem- ble those of P. insignis, but they are not near so large, much flatter, and the scales not so prominent. It is very distinct in the cone from any previously sent from India.
Pinus pérsica Strangways, Gard. Mag. vol. xv. p. 130. This was raised from seeds presented to the Society by the Hon. W. F. Strangways. ‘The young plants seem very like those of P. hale- pénsis or maritima, but the cone is that of P. Pindster, with the as particularly spotted. ‘The seeds have vegetated particularly well.
raised in the Chiswick Garden since Oct. 1838. 9
Pinus Hartwégi7, P. Devoniana, P. Russellidna, P. macro- phylla, P. Pseudo-Strobus, and P. apulcénsis being entirely new species, are fully, both botanically and otherwise, described by Dr. Lindley, in the Botanical Register for August, 1839, p. 62. [By permission of the council of the Horticultural Society, we have had drawings taken of all the above specimens; and, as soon as they are engraved we shall publish them in an article supple- mentary to our Arboretum Britannicum, similar to that given in our preceding Volume, p. 118. and 236. ]
A‘bies orientalis Gard. Mag. vol. xv. p. 225. This is a very pretty and rather slender dwarf spruce, very like some of the varieties of the A‘bies Alba, or white American spruee, but decidedly not a variety of the common spruce, as supposed by some. ‘The Society received a plant about four years back from Dr. Fischer, and also some seeds from the Hon. W. F. Strang- ways, and lately a plant of the true 2. orientalis from Mr. Joseph Knight, F.H.S., all of which, I think, proves that it is only a variety of, or a nearly related species to, the white American spruce, and not to the common spruce.
Picea religiosa H. et B., Arb. Brit. p. 2349. ‘The seeds of this beautiful fir, the pride of the Mexicans, have at last been intro- duced by M. Hartweg, who transmitted to the Society a large quantity of the cones, and it will now soon become common in all good collections. ‘The leaves are, according to the specimens sent along with the seeds, about the size and shape of those of 4. Dou- glaszz, but rather glaucous on the under side. The cones are about the size and shape of those of the cedar of Lebanon [whence we conclude it to be a Picea, not an Abies], but longer. It is the oyamel fir of the Mexicans, and is used for adorning their churches on the days of their saints, and hence the name. It was found by M. Hartweg on the mountains of Anganguco, at an elevation of 8000 or 9000 feet, attaining an immense size, 5 or 6 feet in diameter, and about 150 ft. high. He says it will prove quite hardy, and a very valuable timber tree. ‘The seeds have grown tolerably well.
Picea Pinsapo, Gard. Mag. vol. xv. p. 109. 187. 238. and 339. This, I think, is very nearly, if not identically, the same as A. cephalonica. It was first sent to the Society in the autumn of 1837, by Professor DeCandolle, as the Mount Atlas cedar or P. Pinsdpo ; and last year by Mons. Vilmorin of Paris, as Abies Pinsadpo. I have raised some hundreds of both A. cephalonica and Pinsdpo, and I cannot see any distinction.
CupreEssl/NE&. — Thiya Wareana Booth Cat. This plant seems not distinct from T. orientalis tataérica Arb. Brit. vol. iv. p- 2459. It was received from the Messrs. Booth.
Cupréssus thurifera Bot Reg. Miscel. 101. 1839. The seeds from which this species was raised in the garden of the Society
10 Proposal to name Trees and Shrubs in Nurseries,
were sent by M. Hartweg, who found it growing near Angan- guco and Tlalpuxahua, forming a tree 50 or 60 feet high.
Juniperus tairica. The plants of this variety were raised from seeds presented by the Hon. W. F. Strangways, and seem tole- rably distinct, but certainly nothing more than a variety of J. Oxycedrus Arb. Brit. vol. iv. p. 2494.; and, I think, should be named J. Oxfcedrus tadrica, rather than elevated to the rank of a species. May it not be J. drupacea?
Juniperus squamosa Wall. This distinct species was raised from Indian seeds three or four years back, in the garden of the Society, and is a dwarf trailing robust species, resembling in habit J. nana, but with the sharp-pointed leaves of the J. com- munis. It is perfectly hardy, and easily propagated by cuttings.
Juniperus dawrica. All the plants received at the garden, both from Messrs. Booth and others, have proved to be identically the same as J. nana.
Juniperus tetragona Bot. Reg. Miscel. No. 102. 1839, Gard. Mag. vol. xv. p. 242. This beautiful dwarf juniper was raised from seeds transmitted to the Society by M. Hartweg, who found it on his road from Real del Monte to Chico. It has qua-~ drangular branches and small glaucous berries, and grows 4 or 5 feet high.
Juniperus flaccida Bot. Reg. Miscel. No. 103. 1839, Gard. Mag. vol. xv. p. 241. The seeds from which this was raised were transmitted to the Society by M. Hartweg, who found it growing in the neighbourhood of Regla. It forms a small tree from 15 ft. to 20 ft. high, with weeping branches, and glaucous fruit as large as a hazel nut.
Smita ck&.— Smilax maculata Royle. This species has rather small, spotted, but very much pointed, leaves.- It was raised from seeds, sent to the Society by Dr. Falconer, from the North of India.
There are still four or five other new species of Pinus in the garden of the Society, two of which are Mexican, and one from the mountains of Honduras ; but, having no names with the seeds, I refrain from saying more about them until another season.
Hforticultural Society's Garden, Nov. 24. 1839.
Art. II. Notice of the Reception, by Nurserymen, of a Proposal to name I'rees and Shrubs in their Collections ; with an Examina- tion of a “ Popular Catalogue of Trees and Shrubs,” published by Mr. Rivers, Jun. By the Conpucror.
[Tue following article appeared in the Gardeners’ Gazette of November 30th, with the exception of some additional matter here inserted.)
In our preceding Volume (p. 517.) we offered to lend our assistance in naming collections of trees and shrubs in public gardens and nurseries, our
and Examination of Rivers’s ‘* Popular Catalogue.” 11
object being, as there stated, to second the influence of the Arboretum Britannicum, in introducing a correct and uniform nomenclature. As it may be interesting to some of our readers to hear how these “ Proposals ” have been received by nurserymen, we shall here state the general result up to this time.
The only London nursery establishment that has accepted our proposals is that of Messrs. Whitley and Osborn of Fulham; and we have accordingly examined the principal genera of trees and shrubs in their nursery, and a catalogue of these, with the same names as in the Arboretum Britannicum, is now printing, and will very shortly make its appearance. It is but justice to Messrs. Whitley and Osborn to state that, before they heard of our proposal, they had carefully compared their plants with the figures in the Arboretum Britannicum, as well as with the living specimens in the Horticultural Society’s garden, so that in the genera Acer, Cratz‘gus, Pyrus, &c., we found scarcely a single error. On the whole, being well acquainted with the nomenclature used in all the nurseries in the neighbourhood of London, we can confi- dently state that the nomenclature of the Fulham Nursery is by far the most correct.
With respect to the country nurserymen, several have corresponded with us on the subject of our “ Proposal.” One or two intend to have their collections completed from the Fulham Nursery, and to print catalogues with the nomenclature of the Arboretum Britannicum ; others have sent up speci- mens to be named, and some few have sent for copies of the Arboretum, in order to ascertain the correct names of those trees and shrubs which they already have.
One or two nurserymen, both in town and country, have published short catalogues of their trees and shrubs without any authorities for the names; | but of these nurserymen and their catalogues, we shall, with one exception, take no notice, because we can on no account approve or recommend them. The exception we allude to is Mr. Rivers, junior, of Sawbridgeworth, who has just printed what he calls A Popular Catalogue of Trees and Shrubs, which, in so far as it may obtain circulation, will have a tendency to defeat all the objects which we have had in view in publishing the Arboretum Britannicum. In Mr. Rivers’s catalogue no distinction whatever is made between species and varieties, and no authorities are given for the names; so that, in point of real information, it is not a whit in advance of the nurserymen’s catalogues of the last century. But,that we may not make any assertion respecting this catalogue, without proving what we say to be correct, we shall proceed to examine it; and, in order to give the reader Mr. Rivers’s reasons for pub- lishing it, we shall commence with the following quotation from his first
age : —
* In the following catalogue, the name by which the different families of plants is best known is given first in the column.
“ The genus under which they are arranged in Loudon’s Arboretum Britan- nicum is in a parenthesis to the right; and when different from that under which they are arranged here, it is given and marked ‘ 4, B,’
“ Owing to the numerous changes that have taken place in the nomen- clature of plants lately, these references have become quite necessary. Those beautiful shrubs well known as Berberis fascicularis, Berberis Aquifolium, &c. &e., are now Mahonias ; and cases like this are very numerous, of plants, after being cultivated for many years, and having become well known under their first Latin name, being at once transferred by botanists to some fresh genus, much to the inconvenience of cultivators. Thus, that pretty evergreen, Crategus glauca, is now Stranvzsia glaucescens ; and the confusion in the genera and species of Crataegus, Pyrus, Amelanchier, Mespilus, &c., &c., is boundless. It may serve to illustrate how far this rage for change extends, when it is stated that the well-known genus Ribes is now divided by the Continental botanists into seven distinct genera, viz. Adenobotrya, Calobotrya (under which is placed Ribes malvaceum), Chrysobotrya (which includes
12 Proposal to name Trees and Shrubs in Nurseries,
Ribes aureum), Coreosma, Grossularia, Rebes, and Robsonia: under the last is ranged our Ribes speciosum. The confusion arising from this incessant change has so inconvenienced many genuine lovers of hardy trees and shrubs, persons who love their gardens, but have not leisure to refer to botanical works, that I have been induced to make this first attempt to form a Popular Catalogue, with a few leading descriptions and directions for culture.” -
The trite observations against changes of names contained in this most illogical paragraph only show that Mr. Rivers belongs to the stationary school; but granting, for argument’s sake, that the confusion exists to which he alludes, what has his “ Popular Catalogue”’ to do with it ?
“The confusion arising from this incessant change,” he says, “ has so inconvenienced many genuine lovers of hardy trees and shrubs, persons who love their gardens, but have not leisure to refer to botanical works, that I have been induced to make this first attempt to form a Popular Catalogue.”
From this it is presumed, we are to understand, that the “ Popular Cata- logue”’ is to lessen “the confusion” proceeding from “ incessant change,” and to supply what could only before be obtained by “ referring to botanical works.” Now, to do this, we should think the first object would be, to endeavour to assign distinct names to distinct things; and, consequently, as species are more distinct than varieties, that they would have been named in such a manner as to show that they were species. This is always done in those botanical works to which, we presume, Mr. Rivers refers ; and, in addition to this, the authorities for the names are always given. Instead of doing this, however, Mr. Rivers has not only confounded species and varieties, but he has introduced many of the latter hardly worth keeping distinct. Let us take for example the very first genus in his catalogue, which is given as under : —
“ ACACIA (Rosintra)
1 amorpheefolia. 13 macrophylla, or grandiflora. 2 crispa. 14: microphylla.
3 dubia. 15 pendula.
4 echinata. 16 procera.
5 floribunda. 17 pyramidalis.
6 formosissima. 18 sophoreefolia.
7 gracilis. 19 spectabilis.
8 heterophylla. 20 tortuosa.
9 hispida, or Rose Acacia. 21 tortuosa longifolia. 10 hispida major. 22 variegata.
11 inermis. 23 viscosa.
12 inermis rubra. 24 viscosa alba.
““ No 9. to No. 13. inclusive are the only shrubs in this family: they form beautiful bushes, and also pretty standards for lawns: but the extremities of their shoots require pinching off in June; the wind will not then break them, and they will put forth a crop of autumnal flowers. All the other varieties are trees adapted to the background of shrub borders.”
The first remark that we have to make is on the choice of the name Acacia for this genus. It is no doubt very generally given to it, as an English name : but, as there is another genus called by botanists Acacia, the second in Mr. Rivers’s list, would it not have had a greater tendency to prevent that * confusion”’ which Mr. Rivers deplores, even if he did not choose to give the first its universally adopted botanical name, “ Robinia,’ to have made choice of some of its other English names, as few plants have more popular synonymes; such as False Acacia, American Acacia, or Locust Tree. Besides this, there is a glaring absurdity in giving the Latin specific names to the popular English one; for no botanist, since the time of Linnzeus, has ever called the Robinia, Acacia. With respect to the twenty-four kinds of Acacia enumerated in the above list, there are only five of them (8, 9, 11, 20, 23) that have any pretensions to be considered as species; the rest are varieties chiefly of R. Pseud-Acacia, but some of them, such as inérmis rubra, pyra-
and Examination of Rivers’s “ Popular Catalogue.” 13
midalis, tortudsa longifolia, variegata, &c., are so slightly marked, that, to a person wishing either to simplify or to select, they are not worth notice. Add to this, that some of the names, such as macrophylla, péndula, and variegata, belong alike to varieties of more than one species, as may be seen by referring to our Arboretum Britannicum or Hortus Lignosus.
Some persons who purchase a few trees and shrubs may be thought to care very little about their names, provided the plants are handsome; but this is by no means always the case, for the first question that is asked of the gar- dener, by any lady or gentleman who has been struck with the appearance of any plant, is, “ What is its name?” But, supposing that some masters or mis- tresses care little about the names of their plants, is it nothing to prevent young gardeners from acquiring correct ideas of nomenclature ?
If Mr. Rivers, instead of giving his list of Acacias, had enumerated the same plants in the following manner, his readers would have had something tangible to go upon; and, when they ordered plants, the nurserymen applied to would at least have been able to find out what was wanted : —
Rosi’ni4 Psetid-Acacia Ro. Psetd-Ac. amorpheefolia Link. gracilis crispa Dee. heterophylla microphylla Lod. pyramidalis procéra Lod. dubia Fauc. sophorefolia Lod. inérmis Dec. spectabilis Dum. rubra tortudsa Dec. hispida Z.
longifolia major echinata Lod. viscosa Vent. floribtnda alba formosissima
It appears, by this list, that no fewer than fourteen of Mr. Rivers’s twenty- four kinds are varieties of the common Pseud-Acacia; and every one at all acquainted with that tree knows that the difference between the varieties is for the most part so very slight, as to be hardly worth keeping distinct. In short, any one may obtain as many varieties as he chooses, by sowing a bed with the seed, and selecting the most distinct of the seedlings. Is it not therefore likely to increase confusion, rather than to lessen it, to mix fourteen obscure varieties with five distinct species? If Mr. Rivers had even given all the varieties of Robinia Pseud-Acacia together, the con- fusion would have been less; but nothing can be worse than the manner in which he has jumbled them together in his list. After giving two varieties of Robinia Pseud-Acacia, he introduces a distinct species, R. dubia; then he gives five varieties of R. Pseud-Acacia, next two species and their varieties (No. 9 to No. 13, inclusive) ; then he recurs to R. Psetid-Acacia, and gives four or five more varieties of that species (for R. péndula may belong to several species) ; next follows the species R. hispida; and, between that and the concluding species R. viscosa, is introduced R. variegata, which may belong to all or any of the species, there being rose acacias with variegated leaves, as well as common acacias. What is the confusion produced in botany by the changes of names alluded to by Mr. Rivers, compared with the confusion which this mode of confounding the names of trees and shrubs and varieties and species in nurserymen’s catalogues will produce in nurseries, gentlemen’s gardens, and in the minds of young gardeners? The changes introduced by botanists have at least the advancement of science for their object, but what object Mr. Rivers can have in view, we leave it for our readers to determine. For our own parts, we confess it baffles our penetration ; as we cannot think so ill of him as to suppose that he wishes to induce his customers to purchase, as distinct species, plants differing in little else but the names he has thought proper to assign to them; and, as to the confusion which he deplores, instead of being lessened, it appears to us to be greatly increased.
14 Proposal to name Trees and Shrubs in Nurseries, -
All we know is, that the advancement of science is not the object, for science Mr. Rivers avowedly sets at defiance. :
We have now, we trust, proved that Mr. Rivers has “‘ confused”’ the genus Robinia, instead of throwing any light upon it; and we can assure our readers that he has done the same to an equal or greater extent with eyery genus introduced into his catalogue.
It would take too much time to review all Mr. Rivers’s lists, but we shall say a few words on his manner of treating the genus Crate‘gus, because we have pointed out the confusion which exists im that genus in nurserymen’s catalogues, in our article above referred to. Of this genus Mr. Rivers enumerates forty-two kinds ; and, as in the case of Acacia and indeed, of all the other genera in his catalogue, he makes no distinction between species and varieties. Of his forty-two kinds no fewer than fourteen are varieties of the common hawthorn, some with Latin and others with English names; and these are interspersed throughout the list, so that they excite no suspicion of their being, with two or three exceptions, nearly all the same tree under different appellations. The following quotation will show the manner in which the English and Latin names of the different kinds of hawthorn are jumbled together : —
“‘ Crimson or new scarlet, double pink, double white, Glastonbury, scarlet, upright (stricta), weeping, yellow-berried, celsiana, laciniata, lutescens, pecti- nata, pterifolia.”
The whole of the genera in the catalogue are treated in the same manner, and English names and scientific names, species and varieties, are mixed up together in a manner that makes one laugh at the idea of the catalogue being intended to promote clearness and order. In short, if Mr. Rivers had entitled his catalogue “ An Attempt to perpetuate the present Confusion which exists in the Nomenclature of Trees and Shrubs in Nurserymen’s Catalogues, and to puzzle intending Purchasers,” it would have given a much more correct idea of his performance than the title he has affixed to it. It is true that there is a class of men, to which Mr. Rivers seems to belong, who resolutely shut their minds against all improvements; descendants of those botanists who, in the days of Linneus, reprobated the great Swede for his inno- vations and love of change, and of those politicians who, in the time of Elizabeth, fancied that the state would be ruined by Sir Hugh Myddelton’s plan of bringing water to our houses by pipes, instead of water-carriers. Such men always have been, and always will be, behind their times; but mankind will not wait for them, and if they do not advance, they will be left behind. But, even supposing Mr. Rivers and his followers should adopt any particular set of names. new or old, that they may fancy, where would have been the harm of distinguishing between species and varieties ? And, in short, in what respect would doing this have rendered the catalogue less “ popular ”’ or less “ useful ? ”
We shall now attempt to show the effect Mr. Rivers’s catalogue is likely to have on an intending purchaser. Suppose any person, haying already a common Robinia Pseud-Acacia in his grounds, wishes to purchase another plant of the same genus, but, for the sake of variety, as different from the one he has as possible ; at all events, a different species. How, we would ask, is he to do this from Mr. Rivers’s catalogue? It is evident from the list, that the chances are two to one that he purchases, not a distinct species, but a variety of what he already has; or, supposing any person to wish to select half a dozen of different robinias, surely it would be more desirable that he should have one of each species, than that he should have them all, or nearly. all, varieties of one species, which, if he follows Mr. Rivers’s list, it is extremely probable will be the case.
Even a worse case might, however, occur than this. Supposing a person “loving his garden,’ but not having “leisure to refer to botanical works,” who? had the common Robinia, and who, misled by Mr. Rivers’s list into a belief that Acacia was the botanical name of the genus, were to order Acacia
and Examination of Rivers’s “ Popular Catalogue.” 15
péndula from his nurseryman, what would he get? Certainly not any kind of Robinia, but probably the Acacia péndula of our Hortus Britannicus, an Australian shrub, which, so far from requiring the culture recommended by Mr. Rivers for his genus Acacia, would, if planted out without protection, be probably killed by the first frost. If this be a means of lessening confusion, It is certainly rather difficult to discover in what manner it acts.
It now only remains for us to notice Mr. Rivers’s intended attack on botanists for their “ incessant changes,” which he very inappropriately illus- trates by Spach’s division of the genus Rzbes. Had Mr. Rivers been as thoroughly acquainted with the subject as he apparently wishes his readers to suppose him, he would have known that Spach’s divisions have not been adopted even by “ Continental botanists.”
We might say much more on this subject, but we think we have proved that Mr. Rivers’s catalogue, so far from lessening, is likely to increase the confusion that at present prevails respecting the names of trees and shrubs. The evil, however, great as it is, cannot be of long duration ; for, from the rapidly increasing desire for the study of botany, and the equally rapidly increasing taste for arboriculture, the purchasers of trees and shrubs will soon know too much to be misled, in spite of all the efforts which those of the stationary school are making to retain them in ignorance.
We have not yet said anything respecting Mr. Rivers’s “ Directions for Culture,” and we shall only notice the note to his genus Acacia. He says the “ trees are adapted tothe background of shrub borders.’ Now this is a point which we dispute, both with reference to taste and to culture. A back- ground to shrubs ought to be composed of trees with dense opaque foliage, such as the oak and the beech, or of evergreens, such as the Lucombe oak, &c.; and not of trees with open light foliage that may be seen through, like that of the robinia. With respect to culture, the roots of trees suitable for the background of a shrubbery ought to be such as descend, like those of the oak or the chestnut, and not such as spread immediately under the surface of the ground, like those of the robinia or the elm; which would soon ruin any border of shrubs, by depriving their roots of the greater portion of their nourish- ment. The errors in Mr. Rivers’s notes are, however, scarcely worth noticing, when compared with those in his list of names.
But what we most deplore about Mr. Rivers’s catalogue is, the baneful effect it must have on the minds of young gardeners wherever plants have been named according to it. The mere circumstance of a young man just beginning to acquire a knowledge of plants, being left to infer that it is of equal importance to distinguish between fourteen varieties of Robinia Pseud- Acacia, as it is between all the species of the genus, is enough to fill the mind with despair, and either deter a young man from further pursuit, or leave him to conclude that it is in vain for him to acquire anything like botanical accuracy. The Babel-like confusion, however, which prevails in Mr. Rivers’s catalogue, being now pointed out, both in this Magazine and in the Gardeners’ Gazette, it will be the fault of young gardeners themselves if they are misled by it.
Such an attempt as that of Mr. Rivers tends to show the great advantages that will result to gardeners and nurserymen from the establishment of public arboretums, with the plants correctly named, in different parts of the country ; and it is a great satisfaction to us to know that the Derby Arboretum is in a central situation, and on what will shortly be the main road from London to Edinburgh and Glasgow, and from London to Liverpool and Dublin; and hence, that it will probably be visited by gardeners and nurserymen from all parts of the island.
It may be useful to those purchasers of trees and shrubs who wish to have correct names with them, to be informed that the whole of the collection in the Derby Arboretum, amounting to about a thousand species and varieties, was furnished, with very few exceptions, by Messrs. Whitley and Osborn of the Fulham Nursery.
Bayswater, Nov, 27, 1839.
16 Improvement in the Mode of fixing
Art. III. On the Conduct of the Horticultural Society towards George Glenny, Esq., .H.S. Communicated by Mr. Gienny.
I Last year put up with many slights from the Horticultural Society, and among them that of exclusion from prizes, on the ground that I had refused one of their medals; nevertheless, I continued to send through the season some of the most important plants for exhibition.
On Tuesday last I sent four plants not very common, and on the contrary three of them were rather remarkable; but, not- withstanding everything else in the room was noticed by Dr. Lindley, my plants were not mentioned. i
Now, I ask your readers whether such conduct is justifiable towards a Fellow of the Society, who has a right, as a partner, to his equal share of any profits and privilege the Society can boast ?
It is true, I have condemned many acts of the Council and the servants, but though you may do these things more gently than I have done, you have, as a public journalist, exercised the privilege of condemnation and approval as every other inde- pendent writer would; and it should be remembered that I never advanced a fact that I was not at the time ready to prove.
Worton, Dec. 6. 1839.
Art. IV. Notice of an Improvement made in the Mode of fixing Mr. Booth’s Wire Trellis for Espaliers. Communicated by W. B. Bootu, F.H.S.
Since I forwarded the account you have published in Vol. XY. p. 630. of a wire trellis for espaliers, and the mode of erecting it, I have adopted another contrivance (fg. 1.) for fixing on the ends of the wires to draw them up, instead of the twisted
rope yarn formerly mentioned as having been used for that purpose. Perhaps it has little of novelty to recommend it to your notice; but any merit which it may possess belongs to Peter Copland, the blacksmith here, by whom it was constructed.
Booths Wire Trellis for Espaliers. 17
As it answers its purpose extremely well, and may probably be useful to others, I ,_- have great pleasure in supplying you with the accompanying sketch (jigs. 1. and 3.) and description of it. It consists of two flat pieces of iron (fig. 3. a a), 24 in. long, 1} in. wide, and half an inch thick, having a couple of holes for the screws (cc), and a groove (05) across the middle of each, nearly deep enough to receive the thickness of the wire. Two round claws (dd), 4 in. long, with a joint at (f) and a hole (cc) at the extremity of each, which is flattened for the pur- pose, are curved in such a manner that one of the ends may be screwed on the upper side, and the other on the lower side, of the two flat pieces, and by means of an eye and swivel, it can then be at- tached to the hook (2) of the instrument shown in fig. 151. in Vol. XV. p. 632. x The annexed sketch ( fig. 1.), representing the whole when screwed on the wire, will, however, convey a much better idea of the thing than any description. Carclew, Dec. 4. 1839.
ALLow me to point out a mistake of your engraver in the sketch of the wire trellis in Vol. XV. p.632. By fig. 153. it would appear as if the blocks of stone, into which the uprights and stays are fixed, rested on a foundation of mason- work : but this is not the case; the stones being so large and heavy, as to require nothing. more than to be bedded in the places where they are intended to re- main. ‘To any practical person, such a foundation as isrepresented will appear
uite unnecessary, but the fear of its ,tH4 tid id W777 faislesding cies has induced me to “% — trouble you with this explanation. MASE _ Fig. 2. is the figure to which Mr. Booth refers, corrected agreeably to his directions. It may be useful to some of our readers to be informed that Mr. Booth’s espalier trellis can be
put up in any part of the kingdom by workmen sent from the Vout. XVI.— No. 118. c
N77
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18 Botanical, Floricultural, and Arboricultural Notices,
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manufactory of Mr. Porter, No. $1. Upper Thames Street. When once properly known, we think those trellises will be pre- ferred to all others. — Cond. ;
Art. V. Botanical, Floricultural, and Arboricultural Notices of the Kinds of Plants newly introduced into British Gardens and Plantations, or which have been originated in them; together with additional Information respecting Plants (whether old or new) already in Cultivation: the whole intended to serve as a perpetual Supplement to the ** Encyclopedia of Plants,” the ‘‘ Hortus Britannicus,” the “ Hortus Lignosus,” and the “ Arboretum et Fruticetum Britan- nicum.
Curtis’s Botanical Magazine ; in monthly numbers, each containing seven plates; 3s. 6d. coloured, 3s. plain. Edited by Sir William Jackson Hooker, LL.D., &c.
Edwards’s Botanical Register ; in monthly numbers, new series, each containing six plates; 3s. 6d. coloured, 3s. plain. Edited by Dr. Lindley, Professor of Botany in the London University. -
Pasxton’s Magazine of Botany, and Register of Flowering Plants; in monthly numbers; large 8vo; 2s. 6d. each.
The Floral Cabinet; in monthly numbers, 4to; 2s. 6d. each. Con- ducted by G. B. Knowles, Esq., M.R.C.S., F.L.S., &c., and Fre- derick Westcott, Esq., Honorary Secretaries of the Birmingham Botanical and Horticultural Society.
The Botanist ; in monthly numbers, each containing four plates, with two pages of letterpress; 8vo; large paper, 2s. 6d.; small paper, ls. 6d. Conducted by B. Maund, Esq., F.L.S., assisted by the Rev. J. S. Henslow, M.A., F.L.S., &c., Professor of Botany in the University of Cambridge.
Maund’s Botanic Garden, or Magazine of Hardy Flower Plants cul-
supplementary to Enc. of Plants, Hort. Brit., and Arb. Brit. 19
tivated in Great Britain; in monthly: numbers, each containing four coloured figures in one page; large paper, 1s. 6d.; small, 1s. Edited by B. Maund, Esq., F.L.S.
The Ladies’ Flower Garden of Ornamental Annuals ; in 4to num- bers, monthly ; 2s.6d.each. By Mrs. Loudon.
RANUNCULA\CER. 1631. CLE*7MATIS
-+-dathyrifolia Bess. Wathyrus-leaved Y A or 4 jn.au W ... 1836. D.S. co Bot. reg. 1839, 61.
A hardy herbaceous species of Clématis, with the leaves and fruit of C. angustifolia, but with much larger flowers, which are white, and arranged in a loose corymbose panicle. (Bot. Reg., Nov.)
Fumarideee.
2047, CORYDA‘LIS 31573 flavula Bof. Gard. no. 718.
Pittosporacee.
Sollya linearis Lindl. The flowers of this species are of the deepest and richest blue; the leaves are linear, or linear-lanceolate ; and the fruit “ much shorter and thicker.” (B. M. R., No. 132., Nov.)
Malvacee.
3489. ABU‘TILON striatum Dicks. Striated SS tJ or 4 mr R.y Brazil 1837. C co Botanist,?no. 144.
The stem of this very elegant plant is scarcely shrubby, and the branches are very slender. It grows freely, and produces a great abundance of flowers. It is a native of Brazil, where it has a very extensive range; having been found on the Organ Mountains by Mr. Gardiner, and on the banks of the Rio Negro by Mr. Tweedie. (Bot., Nov.) ; Sapindacee. 3548. DIPLOPE’LTIS 29841 Hugélii Bot. Reg., 1839, t. 69.
This very curious Swan River plant “proves to be a hardy green-house shrub,” with pink flowers, “ growing about 3 ft. high, and flowering in April and May. It requires the same treatment as such Cape plants as the heben- Streitias, striking freely from cuttings of the young wood; and it will bear to be planted out in the open border in summer. (Bot. Reg., Dec.)
Balsaminacee.
698. IMPA‘TIENS
picta Know. & West. pointed ?© ?[(-] 2 jn Pk E. Indies 1837. S p Fl. cab. ‘no. 128.
One of the East Indian species of Impatiens, raised from seeds presented to the Birmingham Botanic Garden by Dr. Royle. By some odd mistake, the natural order of this plant is marked in the Floral Cabinet as Leguminose § Lotez. (Flor. Cab., Dec.)
Leguminose.
1985. LUPI'NUS : . [eab. no. 122,
Barkérze Know. & West. M7s. Barker’s # ._{ or 4 my.jn P,pk Mexico 1837. co Flor.’
A handsome suffrutescent species of Lupinus, a native of Mexico. It grows freely, and the stem is much branched. (LV. Cab., Nov.)
Rosdcee.
1515, SPIRE‘ A 30755 barbata _ Synonyme: Hoteia japonica Mor. & Decaisne.
Dr. Lindley, having received some ripe seeds of this plant from India, states that they “have an abundance of fleshy albumen, surrounding a straight cylindrical embryo, rather more than half their length.’ They are smooth and scobiform, with a lax testa, “ prolonged at each end into a tapering withered sac.” (B. AT. R., No. 133., Nov.)
Melastomacee.
+ LASIA’NDRA Dee. (From Jasios, hairy, and aner, andros, applied to the stamens}; there being a tuft of hair on the filaments of some of the species. + petiolata Graham petiolated #[] or 5 jn.jy Pa.P ?Brazil 1836. C co Bot. mag. 6673. c 2
20 Botanical, Floricultural, and Arboricultural Notices,
A very beautiful stove shrub, which Sir W. J. Hooker supposes to be the same as L. Maximiliana Mart., a native of Brazil. The species is easily pro- pagated by cuttings; and it produced abundance of its splendid flowers in the ao Botanic Garden, in June and July, in stove heat. (Bot. Mag., Dec.
1181. OSBE’CKTA 30391 canéscens FV. Cab. no. 1238.
Cactacee. 1472. CESREUS
Martianus Zucc. Dr. Von Martius’s # —] or 2 ap Pk Mexico 1838. C p.l.s Bot. mag.3768.
A species nearly allied to C. flagelliformis, but with a somewhat erect stem. The flowers are long, tube-shaped, and pink; and the young fruit is green, about the size of a large nut, “and partially clothed with persistent tufts of hairs.” It is a native of Mexico, and flowers abundantly during the summer months. (Bot. Mag., Dec.)
1472. CE‘REUS 28290 squamulosus. Synonyme : Lepismium commune Dec., Bot. mag. t. 3763.
Rubiaceae.
Leptodérmis lanceolata Wall. A nearly hardy small shrub, with bright strongly veined leaves, “and pale yellow flowers, tinged with purple. It is something like a cream-coloured bouvardia.” (B. M. R., Nov.)
Composite.
2363. DA’HLIA 29803 Barkéré@ Fl. Cab. no. 127. 9373. ZA‘MIA 21633 angustifolia Z., Fl. gard. t. 35. f. 3.
Lobeliacee. 609. LOBE‘LIA jgnea Hort. fiery [A] or 4 aus S Mexico 1838. DandC 1 Paxt. mag. of bot. vi. p. 247. A very showy Lobélia, sent to England by Mr. Mackay of Liége, in 1838, and said to be raised from seeds received from Mexico. It appears more tender than its congeners, and has hitherto been kept in the stove; but Mr. Paxton thinks that it will succeed in a green-house, if carefully “ pro- tected from the frost, and very cautiously supplied with water. A damp atmosphere must be especially avoided.” It is propagated by suckers, which it sends up in great abundance from the roots, or by “cuttings, taken from those shoots which do not flower, or from which the blossoms are timely plucked.” (Pazton’s Mag. of Bot., Dec.) Evicacee. 1345. A4’,RBUTUS 11075 Jaurifolia Bot. Reg. 1839, t. 67.
“This plant was introduced from Mexico by the last Lord Napier, and given to Mr. Lambert, who is of opinion that it is the true A. laurifolia of Linnzeus’s Supplement ;”’ and in this opinion Dr. Lindley appears to agree. (Bot. Reg., Dec.)
Convolvuldacee.
+ Ipome‘a pirga Wend. Some confusion has arisen respecting the plant which produces the jalap, though all agree that it is a species of Convélvulus or Ipome‘a. The fact is, that several Mexican plants belonging to this order are used for producing the drug; but it is from the fleshy root of Ipome'a purga that the principal supply is derived. This plant has lately flowered in the garden of Thomas Harris, Esq., Kingsbury ; and Mr. Beaton observes that “ it seems to require a cool atmosphere, and plenty of room at the roots. . . . In the stove it grows too vigorously, without any disposition to flower.” (B. M. R., No. 136., Nov.)
+ Batatas betacea Lindl. A very beautiful species with pale violet flowers, having a deep purple eye. The root is tuberous, and resembles that of the red beet, both in size and colour. It blossoms profusely, and appears to prefer a cool atmosphere; though it is a native of Demerara. It came to England in 1838, a root having been accidentally imported among some orchideous plants. (B. M. &., No. 152., Dec.) 7
supplementary to Enc. of Plants, Hort. Brit., and Arb. Brit. 21
e
Solanaceae.
+ FABIA‘NA Ruiz & Pavon. (In honour of F. Fabéano, a Spanish botanist.) imbricata Ruiz § Pavon scaly * \_} or 3 my W Chile 1838. C p.s Bot. reg. 1839, 59.
A very pretty little Chilian shrub, with scaly leaves like a Thuja, and white heath-like flowers, which it produces in great profusion. In its native country it grows on the sandy banks of rivers. It requires the protection of a green- house in winter, but in summer “it should be turned out of doors, but not exposed to too bright sunshine.” It is propagated by cuttings, and should be grown in a mixture of peat and sand. ‘There are plants in the nurseries of Messrs. Lucombe and Pince at Exeter, and Messrs. Rollisson of Tooting. (Bot. Reg., Nov.)
Labiate.
76. SA’LVIA 719 patula Bot. Gard. 714. 3451. GARDOQUI'‘4A 29981 multiflora Part. Mag. of Bot. vi. p. 223.
Thymelee. 87. PIMELE*A 805 incadna Bot. no. 147.
This plant is stated in the Botanist to be the same as the P. nivea of the Floral Cabinet ; the plant there figured not being the true P. nivea of Labil- lardiére. (Botanist, Dec.)
Orchidacee.
2554. EPIDE’NDRON (EncyYclia) cepiforme Hook. Onion-rooted vy [) or 3 my O Mexico 1838. D p.r.w Bot. mag. 3765. A very splendid species of Epidéndron, belonging to the division considered
as a new genus by Sir W. J. Hooker, under the name of Encyclia; but which Dr. Lindley thinks will not stand, and which Sir W. J. Hooker himself appears to have abandoned. The present species is a native of Mexico, whence it was sent, in 1838, by Mr. Parkinson, the consul there, to the late Duke of Bedford, at Woburn. (Bot. Mag., Dec.)
+ invérsum Lindl. A native of Brazil, nearly related to HE. fragrans. “The flowers are straw-coloured, with a few purple streaks on the column, and at the base of the lip, and have a heavy not very pleasant smell, some- thing like that of ground ivy.” Dr. Lindley proposes to include all the species of Epidéndron, of which E. fragrans may be considered the type, in one section under the name of Osméphytum. (B. M. R., No. 135., Nov.)
2542. CCELO’GYNE 29735 ocellata Bot. Mag. t. 3767. eldta Lindl. This species has lately flowered in the Horticultural Society’s
Garden. ‘The leaves are more than a foot long,” and the flowers are white,
“stained with yellow near the point of the lip, and having an unpleasant
smell, very like that of the berberry blossom.” (J. M. R., No. 151., Dec.) 376. LV’PARIS 30190 Walkér?e@ Bot. Mag. 3770.
3066. GRAMMATOPHY’LLUM [65 and Paxt. mag. of bot. vi. p. 217. multiflurum Lindi. many-flowered y [A] or 2 Br.c Manilla 1838. D p.r.w Bot.reg. 1839. “This plant has very much the aspect of a gigantic Cymbidium, with long
coriaceous leaves, distichous at the base.” The raceme is large and hand- some, but the flowers themselves want brilliancy of colour. (Bot. Reg., Dec., and Paxt. Mag. of Bot.)
3538. CYRTOCHE. LUM mystacinum Lindi. whiskered y (ZX) or 12 Y Peru 1837. D p.r.w Bot. reg. 1839, 62. A curious little plant, a native of Peru, imported in 1837. When this
plant was first mentioned in the miscellaneous matter of the Botanic Register for 1838, the flowers were described as “bright yellow white-coloured,” instead of “bright yellow whole-coloured.” (Bot. Reg., Nov.)
2547. DENDROBIUM 29818 formdsum.
5393, MILTO‘NZA ‘ < fvi. p. 241. candida Lindl. white-lipped €& (] or 2 n Y.R.w Brazil 1838. O p.r-w Paxt. mag. of bot.
A very handsome species, flowering abundantly. (Pazxt. Mag. of Bot., Dec.) } c 3
22 ~=—s- Botanical, Floricultural, and Arboricultural Notices.
+ Specklinia obovata Lindl. “ A small Brazilian plant, with the appearance of a Pleurothallis.” (B. M. R., No. 137., Nov.) mh ‘
Rodriguézia laxiflora Lindl. A pale-green-flowered_ Brazilian plant, “ with a very lax nodding spike.” (B. M. R., No. 130., Nov.)
+ crispa Lindl. The flowers have a crisped appearance, and “are sea- green, bordered with yellow ;” their fragrance resembles that of primroses. A native of Brazil. (B. M. R., No. 139., Nov.)
+ Catasétum proboscideum Lindl. Nearly related to C. cérnuum and (CF barbatum, of which last it may prove merely a variety. (B. M. #., No. 140., Nov.
Pepin Lindl. This plant has lately flowered at Battersea. The Aowers are very numerous, and are produced on a drooping raceme; they are of a bright orange, bordered with violet. (B. M. R., No. 154.)
Lelia fidva Lindl. A native of Mexico, which, though it has been several years in England, flowered for the first time at Carclew, in the autumn of 1839.
+ Dicripta discolor G. Lodd. Remarkable for the colour of the under side of the leaves, which is a deep purple. ‘The flowers are orange-coloured, and about the size of those of D. Bateri.” (B. M. R., No. 145., Dec.)
+ Octoméria diaphana Lindl. A pretty little plant, with nearly transparent flowers, which are white and scentless. A native of Brazil. (2. MZ. &., No. 146., Dec.)
+ Fernandeézia lunifera Lindl. The flowers are very large, and have a pair of supernumerary lobes at the base of the labellum, which “ stand erect, like two curved horns.’ It is a native of Brazil, where it is found on trees. (B. MM. R., No. 147., Dec.)
Oncidium excavatum Lindl. “ This fine Peruvian plant has flowered with Messrs. Loddiges. It has yellow flowers spotted with brown, and is easily known by the base of the labellum being very convex, a little hollowed out in front, and excavated with a deep pit on the under side.” (B. M. R., No. 150., Dec.)
Odontogléssum Clowésii Lindl. A Brazil plant, with “large strong flowers, yellow mottled with brown, while the lip is white, with a rich violet base.” (B. M. R., No. 153., Dec.)
+ Pleurothalls scabripes Lindl. A curious little plant, a native of Brazil, which flowered at Carclew in 1839. The flowers are small, of a dingy yellow, with reddish purple lines. (B. 17. R., No. 155., Dec.)
Tridacee.
1907. PATERSO‘NIA
sapphirina Limd/. sapphire ‘Yw_} 1 jlau B Swan River 1837. s.p Bot. reg. 1839,
Nothing can be more beautiful than the rich deep blue of the flowers of this plant, but, unfortunately, they are of very short duration. It is a native of the Swan River Colony, whence it was introduced by Mr. Mangles. (Bot. Reg., Nov.)
Amaryllidacee. .
Chtanthes W. Herb. “The name Clindnthus, which was given from the obliquity which the flowers in Ruiz’s specimen of his undescribed Pancratium luteum had taken in drying, is changed for Clitanthes, from Alitus, a moun- tainous declivity, and anthos, a flower.” Dr. Lindley describes three species, viz., C. htumilis, C. Macleanica, and C. lutea, of which he had received notices from the Hon. and Rey. W. Herbert. They are all natives of Lima. (B. M. R., No. 141., Nov.)
+ Isméne defléxa W. Herb. This species forms a connecting link between the genera Isméne and Eliséna. There are, indeed, several species of these two genera so closely allied, that it seems probable that the latter genus will merge into the former. Under this head, Mr. Herbert observes that “ every Isméne delights in white sand, and every Hymenociallis in strong alluyial soil, and immersion in water.” (B. M. R., No. 142., Nov.)
Conservative Walls. 23
_ *PENTLA’NDIA W. Herb. (In honour of J. B. Pentland, Esq., Consul-General in Peru.) miniata W. Herb. red-leadcoloured ¥ A or 1 au.s R Peru 1839. O co Bot.reg. 1839, 68. P.m. 1 lacunosa W. H.; P. m. 2 Sulivantca W. H. (Commodore Sulivan’s.),
There are two forms of this species, differing very slightly from each other. The first was found in Cusco, in Peru, and was sent to Spofforth, under the name of the red narcissus, by J. B. Pentland, Esq., in compliment to whom the genus is named; and the other was found by Commodore Sulivan, during his command on the west coast of South America, in 1837. Both varieties flowered for the first time in England in August, 1839. (Bot. Reg., Dec.)
Asphodelacee.
1050, THYSANO‘TUS [of bot. vi. p. 243. intricatus Hort. intricate-stemmed Yt_| or = jl P Swan River 1838. D s.l.p Paxt. mag. This little plant, though its stems are very slender, has them so curiously
interlaced that they support themselves. Seeds of it were sent home from the Swan River in 1838. It is grown in sandy loam and peat, and requires plenty of water during the growing season, with perfect drainage. (Paxt. Mag. of Bot., Dec.)
Echeandia terniflora Ort. Conanthéra Echeandia Pers.; Anthéricum re- fléxum Cav. This singular plant flowered at Carclew in June, 1839. It is a native of Mexico, and was introduced in 1837. (B. MZ. R., No. 144., Nov.)
Commelinacese.
1000. TRADESCA’NTTIA spicata Know. § West. spiked y (I or 150 P Mexico 1837. D co FI. cab. no. 144,
A singular species, with an upright stem, and rather small dark purple flowers. A native of Mexico, introduced in 1837. (Floral Cab., Nov.)
Art. VI. On Conservative Walls, and their Superiority, as Sources of Botanical and Floricultural Interest, to Green-houses and Con- servatories. By the Rev. T. BainpripGE, M.A.
I nave often wondered that more has not been said in your Magazine, than has hitherto appeared, on the subject of con- servative walls. No one who has watched, for the last six or seven years, the conservative wall in the Horticultural Society’s garden, can have failed to be struck with the great beauty and variety, joined to rarity, which that wall has displayed. Not only may the plants of the South of Europe, which are too tender to stand in the open garden, be brought to flower and fruit against such walls, but almost all the shrubs and trees of New Holland and Australia will grow against them with great vigour in the summer season; and, even if they are killed down to the ground during winter, if their roots are kept dry and protected through that season, they will spring up again the fol- lowing summer with vigour. How different the appearance of the acacias and eucalypti of New Holland, when grown against such walls in the open air, from what they are when grown in pots under glass! ‘The appearance made by the common myrtle, the pelargonium, the passion-flower, the loquat, the ca- mellia, Lagerstroe mza indica, metrosideros, melaleuca, myoporum, and hundreds of others that will readily occur to every gardener,
when planted against such walls, and properly treated, surpasses, c 4
24, Superiority of Conservative Walls,
in my opinion, every other kind of botanical enjoyment which a garden has hitherto afforded. Even Chinese chrysanthemums and dahlias, when trained against such walls, have a very splendid appearance; and, under a slight projecting roof, I have known the dahlia saved from the frost, and continuing to show flower till Christmas, and the chrysanthemums till the middle of Ja- nuary. In a word, I consider a conservative wall as a very superior source of enjoyment to either a green-house or a con- servatory; unless, indeed, these structures (as they are at Ash- ridge, and more particularly at Bromley Hill) are so connected with the living-rooms of the house, as to form a part of the suite of rooms.
I should therefore wish to see the subject of conservative walls taken up by yourself or by some of your practical readers, and the proper construction of such walls, the mode of planting them, the kind of plants suitable, and the management through- out the year, pointed out. In all this bearing in mind, that, while
a green-house, or even a pit or any other glazed structure, is ~
attended with some extra expense at first, and a good deal of expense annually to keep them in repair, the conservative wall may form a part of the boundary of the garden or pleasure-
ground, or a screen to offices, or a connecting line of architec-
ture between the house and offices, while its annual repairs may
be considered as next to nothing. Only let the subject of con-
servative walls be once thoroughly entered into by gardeners and their employers, and I feel certain that the result will be one of the greatest additions that have been made to gardening enjoyments since the invention of green-houses.
London, Nov. 1839.
In the Suburban Gardener we have, on various occasions, recommended a conservative wall; and, in jig. 4. we have slightly indicated a conservative wall, serving to connect the house with the offices and the kitchen-garden. In this plan, @ is the entrance portico to the house; 6 the drawingroom, with three windows at one end opening down to the floor, and serving also as doors connecting this room with the conservatory. In the conservatory there is a broad walk down the middle (c), terminating in a door in the centre of its semicircular end ; outside of which are steps descending to a circular basin and fountain, beyond which is the walk (e) in front of the conservative wall (6 6); which wall commences at the conservatory, and extends to the kitchen-garden. The walk in front of this wall terminates in an archway (i), which forms the main entrance to the kitchen-garden ; and on the lawn, in the angle at the left, is the symmetrical flower-garden (7). There is a walk at 4, communicating with the other parts of the ground; and the wall on the right of that walk is also conservative, with a broad border between it and the walk, which can be heated below by pipes of hot water, conducted through a stratum of broken stones or bricks. Hot water is preferred to steam, as causing less expansion, and consequently less risk of derangement in the conducting pipes. The mass of stones, when once heated, will be several days in parting with that heat, unless in the case of heavy rains; so that, throughout the summer, the fire will only be required twice or thrice a week; and in spring, autumn, and winter the plants are supposed to be removed toa house. On the border,
as Sources of Botanical and Floricultural Interest. 25
thus heated, melons, pine-apples, bananas, and a variety of other tropical fruits and flowers can be grown in the summer season, as if they were in their native country; the only evils to be guarded against being high winds and hail storms.
Opposite the fountain there is an open loggia with a seat ; and on each side of this loggia is a small door, the one forming an entrance for the mistress to the poultry-yard, and the other an entrance for the master to the stables ; here are also summer water-closets. In the reserve garden, the hot-houses and pits are shown at m; and the open area for composts, manure, &c., at n ; o is the gardener’s kitchen; p his living-room; and q his private garden, near which are a fuel-shed and a privy; 7 is the entrance to the stable court, in which, at z, there is the private entrance mentioned above, from the loggia. The stables, the two coach-houses, anda privy for the men-servants, are shown to the right and left of each. Here, also, is the fireplace to the flue in the conservative wall, and to the boiler which heats the tropical border. The poultry court is shown at s; and at w the private entrance to it from the loggia. The poultry-yard is supplied with water from the overflowing of the basin and fountain, carried to it under ground. The poultry have access to the stable court through a small opening in the wall, that can be closed at plea- sure; and to the open lawn, and the kitchen court, through other similar openings. The kitchen court is shown ati; near which there is a servants’ entrance from the approach. Part of the branch road leading to the stables is shown at w; part of the approach at 2; and part of the sweep round the oval at y.
The conservative wall ( ff ) should not be a common erection, presenting only a flat perpendicular surface and a horizontai line at top: it may have piers at regular distances, terminating in caps surmounted by vases, above the height of the wall, but arranged in form and proportion so as to harmonise with the conservatory and the house. In the case of a Gothic or Elizabethan building, these piers and their terminating ornaments should, of course, vary accordingly. Instead of piers, the face of the wall might be broken by arched recesses ; and, while a more delicate kind of plant was trained against that part of the wall which formed the back of each recess, a more hardy sort might be trained against the projections between them. We have seen a wall of this sort at Genoa, on which all the recesses were covered with roses, and the piers
26 Cereus senilis, and other Mexican Plants.
with ivy; the effect of which was beautiful, as the roses continued in flower throughout the year. The same effect might be produced in England, by having the wall flued, and protected by matting during severe weather. Where the style was Gothic, the wall might be covered with a series of piers and intersecting arches; and, if the piers and imposts of the arches were covered with ivy, and the rest of the wall with deciduous plants, the effect, more par- ticularly in winter, would be very striking. An excellent plan for varying such a wall is, to form the ground plan in a zigzag line, with piers at the angles; in which case, the length of each angle may be 10 ft., and the deviation from a straight line from 2 ft. to 3 ft. In going along the walk in front of such a wall, one series of angles would meet the eye; and, in returning, another series. Another plan is, to have the wall straight, and a temporary or perma- nent roof projecting from it. In this case, if the roof were permanent, it ought to be composed of glazed sashes, which might be taken off in the sum- mer season, and used for growing melons, leaving the pillars and rafters which supported the sashes as fixtures; and these might be covered with rapidly growing climbing plants. Such a roof ought to extend over the walk, in order that the latter may be used during rainy weather in summer ; and that, during the most severe frosts in winter, it may afford a somewhat more temperate place for taking exercise than in the open air. The most complete glazed ve- randa of this kind would be one where the whole of the skeleton framework, as well as the sashes, might be removed in summer, without leaving any marks to disfigure the scene, and replaced every autumn. A temporary veranda, in which the framework is to be covered with hurdles clothed with thatch, or with canvass fixed to framework or oiled paper, forms a very good protection for plants while in their dormant state; but requires to be removed much sooner in spring when they begin to grow, than a glass roof; because, when the plants begin to grow under an opaque roof, they become etiolated and blanched for want of light. In general, conservative walls should be flued, in order to give the gardener the power of assisting the ripening of the wood in autumn ; and, in this case, the fireplace might be conveniently situated behind the wall, as indicated in the plan, at g, where it is placed in the corner of the stable buildings. A conservative wall may often form one of the sides of a range of office buildings ; and this is the case with a part of the wall we are now describing, which forms the side wall to the stable (¢) and coach-house (/).
Art. VII. Notes on Céreus senilis and some other Mexican Plants. In a Letter from Mr. Tate of the Botanic Garden, Sloane Street, to Mr. Beaton. Communicated by Mr. BEATon.
I BEG to inform you that the first Céreus senilis I ever saw came to this country in September, 1823, also Mammillaria latispina [Echinocactus cornigera Dec.], and several other new species, which were introduced and presented to me by R. P. Staples, Esq., who was appointed consul-general of Mexico, after his first commercial trip there. I also purchased the same species of Mr. Bullock, in the following month of the same year, and it was described by Mr. Haworth in the Philosophical Magazine for 1823, from the specimens brought over by Mr. Bullock. I was extremely desirous that the Céreus senilis should be named after Mr. Staples, but Mr. Haworth said he could not consistently do so, as he believed it a true Céreus; and as Humboldt had previously described it as Céreus senilis, he
Cultivation of the Hyacinth in Haarlem. 27
could not alter it; but, as you have discovered it to be a true Echinocactus, you may, consistently with botanical usage, adopt the name of Echinocactus Staplésze, and affix that of Céreus senilis as a synonyme. Dr. Hooker, in his Botanical Miscel- lany, mentions that Mr. Cruikshanks discovered one in Peru, which I suppose you mean as the Brazilian species.
When Mr. Staples left Mexico for England, wishing to carry into effect my request of importing the hand plant [ Cheirostémon platanoides H., et B.), he obtained several living plants, and planted them ina tub. ‘Two days previous to his departure, he sent off a muleteer with a box of Cacti slung on one side, and the tub of hand plants on the other. ‘The fel- low, finding that one side of his load was considerably heavier than the other, emptied the major part of the earth, so as com- pletely to destroy the young plants. You may perceive it was well the Cacti were not the heaviest, otherwise he would have taken them out, to do justice to his beast. On the arrival of Mr. Staples at Xalapa, he found all his hand plants dead. However, as it happened, I brought the first hand plant to this country from Mons. Cels of Paris, in the autumn of 1832, and had it in the market twelve months before Mr. Staples left Mexico.
Late in the evening, Mr. Staples, walking out in the suburbs of Xalapa, discovered the plant which has since borne his name, Petréa Staplésze; and he was so delighted with it, that he in- stantly dug up some young plants with the point of a sword, and made several dried specimens of its racemes of flowers upwards of 3 ft. long, which are now in the herbarium of Mr. Lambert. He (Mr Staples) also found the Solandra gut- tata of the Botanical Register at the same place, full in flower, and imported it with the Petréa.
Although Humboldt had the credit of first describing most of the plants above mentioned, and enriched various herbariums with fine specimens of each, the British public and Europe owe their early introduction in a living state to the generous disposition of Mr. Staples, who must have expended a consider- able sum in transporting them from Mexico to England.
Botanic Garden, Sloane Street, Sept. 16. 1839.
Art. VIII. Practical Observations on the Cultivation of the ye. cinth in Haarlem.
(Translated from the “ Verhandiungen des Vereins,” &c., of Frankfort on the Maine. By J. L.)
Tue hyacinth likes a very sandy, well-prepared, fine, and light soil, without any appearance of stones or gravel, and which
28 Practical Observations on the Cultzvation
consequently looks exactly as if it had been passed through a fine sieve. All kinds of loam or stiff soil which bind so closely together that, when dry, the wind cannot separate the particles as it does sand, must be avoided. No kind of red, bluish, or blackish soil will produce perfect hyacinths ; but one is consi- dered particularly good, which is light grey, and which resembles fine, very sandy, and light garden mould. This sand, which is very light of itself, is made still lighter by the addition of the thin sand of the Dutch downs (Dunensande), which is of a pale yellow colour, very fine, and contains neither stones nor gravel; and, as this sand constitutes the principal part of the mixture of soil, if nature denies us a supply of it at home, we must search for it in other places, or try to prepare one like it. Various soils have been used for this purpose, but the pre- ference is given to a pale yellow river sand, to which is added a third of leaf mould. The bed is then prepared by putting into it a layer of cow-dung 1 in. thick, 5 or 6 inches under the bulbs, and filling it in with the prepared soil. This cow-dung must be quite pure, and not mixed with straw, or any other sub- stance.
The soil, in consequence of the annual dunging, becomes by degrees too rich; in which case, the best way is, to take out some of the soil, and put in fresh sand. In Holland, however, they do not take out any soil, but only add sand, because by raising the bed, the danger of the water in the soil is avoided. In that country they have much to contend within keeping the water from the soil; which circumstance must naturally occasion a great variation in the art of cultivating the hyacinth in drier soils. For example, in Holland, they dig the soil 5 or 6 feet deep, which would be unnecessary were it not that by this means the soil, which was stiff and sour from the water, becomes drier and lighter, and therefore better adapted for the escape of the injurious water and for evaporation. In countries where no such accumulation of water is to be feared, the soil need only be dug to the depth of 4 ft. or even 3 ft.
As the cultivation of the hyacinth has not made such ad- vances in any part of the world as in Holland, by describing the soil, climate, and treatment of it in that country, it will en- able those in other climates, with a use of their own understand- ings, to practise the art.
In preparing the soil, particular attention must be paid to two rules: —1. That, for the space of four years previously to plant- ing, no horse-dung, nor any dung of a heating quality, must be mixed with the soil. 2. That no hyacinths must be grown in it oftener than once every four years. ‘The latter rule must be particularly attended to; because, if planted a year earlier, the decayed remains of the old bulbs would communicate the
of the Hyacinth in Haarlem. 29
rot or other diseases to the newly planted bulbs. This being understood, a-bed is planted the first year with hyacinths, the second with tulips, the third with narcissus, &c.; and it would be desirable if something similar were planted even the fourth year. The bed, however, is generally prepared for hyacinths this year as follows: — Between December and February the ground is dug 5 or 6 feet deep; and, when too much water is apprehended, a drain is dug all round the bed, and filled with wood or stones, and then covered up. In March every square yard is manured with four handbarrowfuls of pure cow-dung (without straw), dug in a foot deep. During the summer, vege- tables or annuals are grown on the bed, which do not exhaust the soil too much. The following autumn (therefore the fifth), the soil is dug 15 or 2 feet deep; and the manure, which was put in in spring, must be well mixed and worked in, that it may lie nearly a foot deep in the earth. When such a drain is not made, a trench is used, 2 ft. wide and 14 ft. broad, and left open, so that the water collected in it may be taken out.
When the above operation is performed, the bulbs must be prepared for planting in the beginning of October. ‘This pre- paration consists in examining whether the bulbs are perfectly healthy ; because, if they are unhealthy, they not only will not flower, but will infect those near them. It is necessary, there- fore, in the first place to be acquainted with the diseases they are liable to, which are: — Ist, the white rotz; 2d, the black rotz; 3d, the rot; 4th, mould; 5th, consumption or wasting ; 6th, shrinking; and 7th, excess of offsets (Durchwachs).
1st. The white rotz is known by a resin which generally oozes from the upper part of the bulb, and also from the side, and which, about this time of the year (October), is of a hard con- sistency, not unlike the resin that flows from trees. The white rotz also assumes the appearance of a white slimy substance, and has a very unpleasant smell, which is particularly evident when the bulb is cut open; and bulbs in this state should be thrown away without hesitation. The danger attending this disease will be treated of in another place.
2d. The black rotz is more difficult to know than the white rotz; because, as soon as the bulb is taken out of the ground and kept dry, the rotz dries up also. ‘The stool or plate of the bulb (that is, the point from which the roots proceed down- wards), on the side, appears as if eaten out, and the scales at that part have dry black edges. When, therefore, there is but little of this disease in the bulb, it is more difficult to be ascer- tained ; and it must be particularly looked for, when the bulbs are about to be put in the ground, as it will not only destroy the infected bulb, but all those that are healthy near it. A bulb so attacked must therefore be thrown away.
30 Cultivation of the Hyacinth in Haarlem.
3d. The rot is easily known when it is once fairly begun. It is generally found in the scales near the heart of the bulb; and, to discover it, the point of the bulb should be cut off horizontally with a sharp knife. If the bulb is affected with this disease, a yellowish or brownish stripe will be seen between the scales; and all the part thus discoloured should be cut away, till it is completely eradicated; but when it reaches farther than the half of the bulb, it is past remedy, and the bulb must be thrown away. Great care, however, must be taken, in cutting off the point of the bulb, not to injure the germ which has formed in- side it; and when this is likely to be the case, the cuts ought to be made not horizontally, but in a slanting direction towards the point of the bulb; so as not to run any risk of cutting off the ex- tremity of the incipient flower. It frequently happens that these stripes are but very little distinguished from the colour of the healthy part of the bulb; and, therefore, great attention is ne- cessary, that they may not be overlooked. When two, three, or more stripes are seen round the heart of the bulb, it is ge- nerally past recovery ; but.if they are found far from the heart, and consequently near the outer scales, they can all be cut away, with the exception of such as have reached the stool and at- tacked it. Above all, care must be taken that neither the germ nor the stool of the bulb are injured; but all parts round them can be cut away.
4th. The mould is only found on the outer or inner part of the first four scales, and it is not considered a dangerous disease, but must be removed by taking off those’scales that are attacked.
5th. Consumption or wasting is indicated by never-varying yellowish or brownish spots in the scales near the heart. ‘This disease is not exactly a dangerous one, but is rather an indica- tion of a weak flower, which is very frequently the case with several sorts; for example, the Grand Vainqueur, Staaten Ge- neral, &c. ‘These spots might go through the whole bulb with- out being injurious, therefore they are not to be compared with the stripes of the disease called the rot.
6th. Shrinking (Verkriippelung) is indicated by spots. similar to those above mentioned, only they are much larger. This dis- ease generally draws the whole bulb in a slanting direction, and a part of it appears as if eaten out. The bulb loses its usual round form. ‘This is similar to the disease called wasting, but in a greater degree, and is with great difficulty got rid of; therefore, if you wish to have good strong plants, it is better to throw those away that are attacked with this disease.
7th. Excess of offsets (Durchwachs) only takes place in bulbs capable of producing flowers. The offsets come out at the sides, or through the stool or plate, and the parent bulb becomes divided into a number of young ones. When this is the case,
Observations on forcing Hyacinths. 31
it is left exactly as it is, and is planted like the others; and, although it will not flower, it will produce a great many young bulbs.
These are the principal characteristics of the diseases to which bulbs are liable. When you wish to increase them, great care must be taken, while they are out of the ground, not to pull off the small white offsets that have sprung out at the sides, and from the stool of the bulb; because this treatment, even if it does not injure the parent bulb, is sure to destroy the young ones, which would not be the case if they were al- lowed to remain on another year. When the young ones are older, and are become strong, they will have stools of their own, from which roots will proceed; and when in this state, they may without danger be separated from the parent bulb.
When the bulbs have been all carefully examined, they are planted thirty-six hours afterwards at the latest; because, as they have been probably very much cut, a longer delay would cause a reappearance of the mould, which would terminate in destroying them.
In our next Number will be given a year’s culture of hya- cinths, as practised in Holland; beginning with the season for planting in October.
Art. 1X. Observations on forcing Hyacinths. (Translated from the German, by J. L.)
In order to make hyacinths flower in the beginning of De- cember, they should be planted the beginning of August, and the pots plunged in the open air to such a depth that they may be covered with mould to the depth of 4 in.
They should be taken out again about the middle or end of October, put in warm tan or sand in a hot-house, near the sashes, and kept moist. The best sorts for this purpose are the Single blue January, Single blue Gallas, Single blue Impériale, and the Single white Impériale. The best kind of tulip for the same purpose is the Duc van Tholl.
If these sorts are treated in this manner, and kept moist and warm, they will not fail to flower about the beginning or middle of December. Many cther sorts may be brought into flower about the beginning of January.
Those forced hyacinths which are intended to flower in Fe- bruary and March, should be planted in September and Octo- ber, or even about the middle of November; the pots being plunged in the open air, and covered with mould. A bed should be made the beginning of January, consisting of horse-dung,
32 Catalogue of Works on Gardening, §c.
4 or 5 feet deep ; it should remain in that state about a week, and then as much mould added as will cover the pots when they are sunk in it. The pots should be now all put in, and the sash raised 4 or 5 inches, to admit air both night and day, so that the steam generated by the heat may readily escape. This must not be neglected even during frosty weather; otherwise the hyacinths will be burnt.
During a severe frost it may be thought that admitting the air is quite unnecessary, but it must not be omitted, only hang- ing cloths over the opening; as if air be not admitted, all the hyacinths will be found burnt up the following morning.
REVIEWS.
Art. I. Catalogue of Works on Gardening, Agriculture, Botany, Rural Architecture, &c., lately published, with some Account of those considered the more interesting.
THE Elements of Botany for Families and Schools. Published under the