(y—164.] _

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR. TENTH CENSUS OF THE UNITED STATES. FORESTRY.

A CATALOGUE

OF THE

FOREST TREES

OF

NORTH AMERICA.

BY

CHARLES S. SARGENT, ARNOLD PROFESSOR OF ARBORICULTURE IN HARVARD COLLEGE, SPECIAL AGENT TENTH CENSUS.

WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1880.

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It is proposed to join to the Report.on the Forest Wealth of the United States, now in course of preparation, a Catalogue of the Forest Trees of North America, with special reference to their geographical distribution and economic properties and uses.

Knowledge of this nature in regard to our trees is still so imperfect § that it is impossible to make such a catalogue at all exhaustive without the assistance of botanists, and others interested in trees and their pro- ducts, in every part of the country.

Information on the following points is particularly needed.

1, The extreme geographical range of any species.

2. The region and elevation where any species is principally multi- plied and reaches its greatest perfection.

3. The geological formation most favorable to the multiplication and ' development of any species.

4, Dimensions of remarkably developed specimens of any species.

5. The common or local name of any species in addition to those already given. :

6. The purposes, however unimportant, for which the wood of any species is employed. .

7. Products of any species other than wood, such as tannin, charcoal, dyes, potash, edible fruit, forage, &c.

Any information or corrections which will serve to make the final publication more exact and complete will be gratefully received and duly acknowledged.

To facilitate the collection and preservation of such information the present preliminary catalogue is now published. The blank pages are intended for field-notes and corrections. After these are written in, the whole catalogue, or the notes and observations separately, as may be most convenient, should be returned to—

CHARLES S. SARGENT, Brookline, Mass.

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FOREST TREES OF NORTH AMERICA.

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MAGNOLIACEZ.

Magnolia acuminata, L. CUCUMBER TREE.

Western New York to Jefferson County, Indiana; southward along the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia and Middle Tennessee.

Wood soft, close-grained ; preferred for pump logs.

A large tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 4 feet in diameter.

2. Magnolia cordata, Michx.

Ashe County, North Carolina, along the flanks of the Alleghany Mountains to the Savannah River, and in Northern Alabama. A small or medium-sized tree.

Magnolia Fraseri, Walt. M. auriculata, Lam, LONG-LEAVED CUCUMBER TREE.

Along the flanks of the Alleghany Mountains, from Virginia south- | ward to Central Alabama. ‘Wood soft, spongy, very light, and unfit for use.”—( Michaux f.)

Magnolia glauca, L. SWEET BAY. WHITE BAY.

Essex County, Massachusetts, and from Queens Conaty, Long Island, to Louisiana and Southern Arkansas; generally near the coast. A small tree; in swamps; the roots yielding a yellow dye.

Magnolia grandiflora, L. ' BIG LAUREL.

Cape Fear River, North Carolina, south to Florida; west to Texas, | and ascending the Mississippi River as far as Natchez.

Wood soft, easily worked, very white; probably valuable for interior work and cabinet-making.

A large tree, 60 to 90 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES,

Magnolia macrophylla, Michx. LARGE-LEAVED MAGNOLIA TREE.

Iredell and Lincoly Counties, North Carolina, to Middle Florida; and west of the Alleghany Mountains, from Southeastern Kentucky south- ward through Tennessee to Central Alabama.

A small tree, 20 to 40 feet in height, with trunk rarely exceeding one foot in diameter. Rare.

7.

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Magnolia Umbrella, Lam.

M., tripetala, L. “UMBRELLA TREE,

York and Lancaster Counties, Pennsylvania, and southward along the Alleghany Mountains; throughout the Carolinas, Georgia, Northern Alabama, and westward through Kentucky and Tennessee.

A small tree, rarely exceeding 40 feet in height.

8. Liriodendron Tulipifera, L TULIP TREE, YELLOW POPLAR. WHITE WOOD.

Bennington County, Vermont, south to Florida, and west to Eastern Kansas.

Wood light, close-grained, strong, easily worked; extensively used for construction, interior work, shingles, carriage panels, &e.

A large tree, 70 to 100 feet in height, with a trunk 4 to 7 feet in diameter; one of the largest and most valuable trees of the Atlantic forests.

ANONACEE.

Anona glabra, L DC. Prodr., i.85. Coult. Bot. Gazette, iii. 2.

Banks of the Caloosa River, and near Miami, Southern Florida (Garber), and in the West Indies.

10. Asimina triloba, Dunal. Anona triloba, L. Uvaria triloba, Torr. & Gray.

PAPAW.

Monroe County, New York, and North Erwinna, Bucks County, Penn- sylvania; south to Florida; west to Fremont SOMA, Iowa, and the Indian Territory.

Wood light and spongy.

A small tree, sometimes 30 feet in height, or more often a shrub; fruit sweet and edible.

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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

GUTTIFERA.

11. Clusia flava, L.

Southern Florida, and in the West Indies.

TERNSTRGEMIACEX.

12. ut Gordonia Lasianthus, L. LOBLOLLY BAY.

Southern Virginia to Louisiana, near the coast. Wood reddish, light, brittle, close-grained, of little value. A tree 50 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk 18 to 20 inches in diam- eter; in swamps; bark rich in tannin.

13. ‘Gordonia pubescens, L’Her.

From the Altamaha River, Georgia, near the coast, south to? A small tree, rarely exceeding 30 feet in height. Not common.

TILIACE#.

14. Tilia Americana, L. LIME TREE. WHITE WOOD. BASS WOOD.

New Brunswick to the northern shores of Lake Superior, Southern Manitoba, and through the Northern States to Virginia; south along the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia; west to the Missouri River and East- ern Texas. ;

Wood white, tough, pliable, easily worked; largely employed in inte- rior work, turnery, and the manufacture of wooden ware.

A tree 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 3 to 4 feet in diameter; the inner bark, macerated, is manufactured into coarse cordage and matting. Very common in the forests of Eastern America.

var. pubescens, Gray. T. pubescens, Ait.

North Carolina to Florida, near the coast.

Smaller than the species; in swamps or low ground.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

15. Tilia heterophylla, Vent.

T. alba, Michx. f. T. laxiflora, Pursh.

WHITE BASS WOOD.

Alleghany Mountains, Pennsylvania, to Georgia, and westward to the valley of the lower Wabash River. A medium-sized tree, rarely exceeding 50 feet in height.

ZYGOPHYLLACE.

16. Guaiacum sanctum, L. LIGNUM VITA.

Southern Florida, and through the West Indies. Wood exceedingly hard and heavy. A small tree.

17, Porliera angustifolia, Gray, Pl. Wright. i. 28. Guiacum angustifolium, Engelm.

Southern Texas (San Pedro River, Eagle Pass, Deadman’s Hole, Pedernales River), and southward into Mexico.

A small tree.

“The hard and heavy yellowish-brown wood is called Guajacum about Saltillo, and is used as a sudorific and in venereal diseases.”—( Gregg.)

RUTACEZ,

18. Xanthoxylum Caribeum, Lam. X. Floridanum, Nutt.

SATIN WOOD.

Southern Florida. A small tree.

19, Xanthoxylum Clava-Herculis, L. X. Carolinianum, Lam. TOOTH-ACHE TREE.

PRICKLY ASH.

Southern Virginia to Florida, near the coast; west to Eastern Texas and Arkansas.

Wood yellow, solid, close-grained.

A small tree, 12 to 20 feet in height; bark, leaves, and fruit aromatic and intensely pungent, exciting salivation.

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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

20. Xanthoxylum Pterota, H.B.K.

Southern Florida, Southern Texas (Fort McIntosh), and southward to Brazil. Wood yellow, dense, exceedingly hard and heavy. A small tree.

SIMARUBE.

21. Simarubra glauca, H.B.K. BITTER WOOD.

Southern Florida, and southward through the West Indies to Brazil. A large tree. °

BURSERACE.

22. Bursera gummifera, Jacq. WEST INDIAN BIRCH.

Southern Florida, and southward through the West Indies. Wood “ white, soft, brittle, and seldom put to any use but as fuel.”— (Nuttall.) A large tree; abounding in resinous gum soluble in alcohol and fur- nishing a transparent and valuable varnish.

23. Ampyris sylvatica, Jacq. A, Floridana, Nutt. TORCH WOOD.

Southern Florida, and southward through the West Indies. Wood “ yellowish-white, close-grained, and capable of receiving a high . polish.”—( Nuttall.)

A small tree; exceedingly balsamiferous.

MELIACE.Z,

Swietenia Mahogoni, L. MAHOGANY.

24,

Lignum Vite Key, east coast of Florida (Garber), Key West, and through the West Indies and Central America.

Wood reddish brown, hard, heavy, very durable, and highly prized for cabinet work. A large and very valuable timber tree.

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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

OLACINE.

25. Ximenia Americana, L. MOUNTAIN PLUM. HOG PLUM.

Southern Florida, 4nd southward through the West Indies. Wood yellow. ‘A small tree; fruit an edible, plum-shaped, yellow drupe.

26. Schepfia arborescens, R. & S. DC. Prodr. iv. 319. Coult. Bot. Gazette, iii. 3,

Banks of the Caloosa River, Southern Florida, and through the West | Indies. _ A small tree.

ILICINEA.

oe 27, Ilex Dahoon, Nutt. DAHOON HOLLY.

Southeastern Virginia to Florida, and west to Louisiana near the coast. A shrub or small tree, sometimes 25 feet in height.

28. Tlex opaca, Ait. AMERICAN HOLLY.

Quincy, Massachusetts, south to Florida; west to Arkansas, Southern Missouri, and Eastern Texas; at the north only near the coast.

| Wood white; the heart-wood brown, close-grained, heavy; used in cabinet work, turnery, &c.

A small tree, rarely 40 feet in height.

CYRILLACE.

29. Cyrilla racemiflora, Walt. C. Caroliniana, Richard.

North Carolina to Florida and Alabama, near the coast. A small tree, 20 to 30 feet in height. 2

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

30. Cliftonia ligustrina, Banks. Mylocarium ligustrinum, Willd. BUCKWHEAT TREE.

From the Savannah River, Georgia, south to Florida and Alabama. A shrub or sometimes a small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height; along the borders of streams and swamps in the low districts.

CELASTRACEZ

31, Scheefferia frutescens, Jacq.

S. completa, Swartz. S. buxifolia, Nutt.

CRAB WOOD. FALSE BOX.

Southern Florida, and in the West Indies, Wood hard and close-grained. A small tree.

RHAMNACEZE.

32. Zizyphus obtusifolius, Gray.

Paliurus Texensis, Scheele.

New Braunfels, Texas, to New Mexico. A small tree or shrub.

Condalia obovata, Hook. Icon., t. 28.

BLUE WOOD. LOG WOOD.

Common in Hastern Texas, Western Texas, and Southern New Mex- ico. A small tree.

34.

Rhamunus Caroliniana, Walt. Frangula Caroliniana, Gray.

Queens County, New York, south to Florida; west to the Rocky Mountains and Western Texas. A small tree, or more commonly a shrub.

CATALOWUE OF FOREST TREES,

36. Rhamnus Purshiana, DC. Frangula Purshiana, Cooper, BEAR BERRY.

Mendocino County, California, north to Puget Sound. A small tree, sometimes 20 feet in height.

36. Ceanothus spinosus, Nutt. RED WOOD.

California, in the Coast Ranges, from Santa Barbara to Los Angeles. A small tree,

Ceanothus thyrsiflorus, Eschscholtz. CALIFORNIA LILAC.

California, in the Coast Ranges, from Monterey to Humboldt County. A small tree.

SAPINDACEZ.

38, Zsculus Californica, Nutt.

California, from Mendocino County and Mount Shasta, south to San Luis Obispo, and east to the foot-hills of the Sierra Nevada.

Wood “soft and brittle.”

A small tree, or more often a wide-spreading shrub.

Zsculus flava, Ait.

Pavia flava, Moench. 4, sarguta? Buckley, Proc. Acad. Phil. 1860, 443.

SWEET BUCKEYE.

Mountains of Virginia, southward along the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia and Northern Alabama; westward to Jefferson County, Indiana, and the Indian Territory; most common west of the Alleghany Moun- tains.

A tree, sometimes 60 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter.

40. Zsculus glabra, Willd. AE. Ohioensis, Mich. f.

FETID BUCKEYE. OHIO BUOKEYE.

Western Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Tennessee, and west to Western Missouri. A small or medium-sized tree; along streams.

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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

41, Ungnadia speciosa, Endl.

Texas and Eastern New Mexico. A small tree, or often a shrub,

42. Sapindus marginatus, Willd. SOAP BERRY, Georgia to Southern Florida, near the coast; west to Arkansas, Texas,

Southern New Mexico, Arizona, and in Sonora. A small tree,

43. Sapindus Saponaria, L. SOAP BERRY. Southern Florida, and through the West Indies,

A small tree; the fruit rich in saponin, and used in the West Indies as a substitute for soap.

44. Hypelate paniculata, Cambess. Melicocca paniculata, Juss. MADEIRA WOOD. HONEY BERRY. GENIP TREE.

Southern Florida, and through the West Indies. A small tree, :

. 4b. Hypelate trifoliata, Swartz. Southern Florida, and through the West Indies. 46. ' Acer circinatum, Pursh.

VINE MAPLE.

Northern California to Puget Sound. ‘Wood fine, white, close-grained, very tough, and susceptible of a good polish.”

A tree, 30 to 40 feet in height, or sometimes a shrub forming impene- trable thickets along streams, the vine-like stems taking root wherever they touch the ground.

47.

Acer dasycarpum, Ebrh. A, eriocarpum, Michx.

WHITE MAPLE. SILVER MAPLE.

Northern Vermont, south to Florida; west to Minnesota, Eastern Nebraska, and the Indian Territory; most common west of the Alle- ghany Mountains.

Wood soft, white; of little value.

A large tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 6 to 8 feet in diam- eter; along streams. Maple-sugar is occasionally manufactured from the sap of this species.

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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 13

48. Acer grandidentatum, Nutt.

Headwaters of the Columbia River, cafions of the Wasatch Mount- ains, and Southern Utan to Ash Creek, Arizona.

Wood resembling that of the Sugar Maple.

A small tree.

49. Acer macrophyllum, Pursh.

Santa Barbara, California, to latitude 55° north. In California, in the Coast Ranges and on the western slope of the Sierras; in Oregon and Washington Territory, west into the Cascade Mountains.

Wood valuable, hard, close-grained, susceptible of a good polish; the best substitute in the Pacific forests for eastern hickory.

A tree, 80 to 100 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 5 feetin diam- eter; in California much smaller. From the inner bark, mats, hats, and baskets of excellent quality are made; maple-sugar is manutactured from the sap of this species.

50. Acer Pennsylvanicum, L. A, striatum, DuRoi. STRIPED MAPLE. MOOSE WOOD. STRIPED DOGWOOD.

Lake Saint John, latitude 47° N. (Michaux); southward throughout New England, and along the Alleghany Mountains to Northern Geor- gia, and west along the northern boundary of the United States to Wis- consin.

Wood white, close-grained, very hard.

A tree, 20 to 30 feet in height, with a trunk 6 to 8 inches in diameter

1. Acer rubrum, L. A. Drummondii, Hook. & Arn,

RED MAPLE. SWAMP MAPLE.

Latitude 47° N. (Michaux); southward to Florida; west to Minnesota, Eastern Nebraska, the Indian Territory, and Eastern Texas.

Wood whitish or rose-colored, close-grained, moderately hard, sus- ceptible of a fine polish; largely used in cabinet-making, for turn- ery, and wooden ware; the variety with undulating grain, known as “ curled maple,” is highly valued.

A large tree; generallyin swamps. Common inall the forests east of the Mississippi River.

Acer saccharinum, Wang. SUGAR MAPLE. ROCK MAPLE.

Northern New Brunswick to the western shores of Lake Superior southward through the Northern States and along the Alleghany

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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 14

Mountains to Georgia; west to Minnesota, Eastern Nebraska, and Arkansas. Most common at the North.

Wood hard, close-grained, smooth, compact, susceptible of a fine polish ; extensively used for flooring, cabinet-work, and turnery; pre- ferred for shoe-lasts. Twoaccidental forms, “‘ curled maple” and “ bird’s- eye maple”, are highly valued for cabinet-work.

A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 4 feet in diameter; in | uplands. Maple-sugar is principally made from the sap of this species ; the ashes of its wood are rich in alkali, yielding large quantities of potash.

53. Negundo aceroides, Mench. Acer Negundo, L. BOX ELDER. ASH-LEAVED MAPLE.

Shores of Lake Champlain in Vermont, near Ithaca, New York, East- ern Pennsylvania, and south to Florida and Southern Texas; northwest to Wisconsin, Minnesota, and the Saskatchewan in latitude 549 N.; west | to the Wasatch Mountains, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.

Wood soft and of little value.

A tree, 30 to 50 feet in height, with a trunk rarely 2 feet in diameter ; along streams. ,

54. ’ .Negundo Californicum, Torr.’& Gray. ‘ BOX ELDER,

California, northward in the Coast Ranges to ? A small tree. Common along streams.

ANACARDIACES. Rhus Metopium, L. CORAL SUMACH. MOUNTAIN MANCHINEEL, BUMWOOD.

Southern Florida, and through the West Indies. A small tree; like many of the genus, poisonous to the touch.

| 66. Rhus typhina, L.

STAGHORN SUMAOCH.

From Northern New England south to Georgia, and west to Wiscon- | sin, Arkansas, and Louisiana. Wood orange-colored, aromatic, brittle.

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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES, 15

A small tree, rarely 30 feet in height, or more often a shrub; leaves and bark astringent, rich in tannin.

57. Pistacia Mexicana, HBK.

Near the mouth of the river Pecos, Western Texas (Bigelow), and southward into Mexico. A small tree.

LEGUMINOS 2.

68. . Robinia Pseudacacia, L. LOCUST.

Southern Pennsylvania, southward along the Alleghany Mountains

| to? west to? Now extensively naturalized in all the Eastern States. Wood reddish, greenish-yellow, or white, according to locality; very

hard, strong, and impervious to decay; largely employed in naval archi-

tecture, for posts, construction, and turnery ; preferred to all other woods

for treenails, and in this form largely exported.

A tree, 70 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 3 to 4 feet in diameter.

Robinia viscosa, Vent. CLAMMY LOCUST.

In the high mountains of the Carolinas and Georgia, west to ? Wood said to possess the same qualities as that of the last species. A tree, 40 to 50 feet in height.

60. Olneya Tesota, Gray.

ARBOL DE HIERRO.

Common in the valleys of the lower Colorado and Gila Rivers, South- western Arizona, and the adjacent portions of California. A small tree. .

61.

- Piscidia Erythrina, L JAMAICA DOGWOOD.

Southern Florida, and through the West Indies to Central America. “Wood heavy, hard and resinous, coarse, cross-grained, and of a light brown color; it is very durable either in or out of water.”—(Nut- tall.) A small tree; a tincture prepared from the bark-is an intense nar-. cotic.

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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

62. Cladrastis tinctoria, Raf. Virgilia lutea, Michx. f. YELLOW WOOD.

From Central Kentucky, on the banks of the Kentucky River, south to Middle and Eastern Tennessee.

Wood of a clear yellow color, said to split with difficulty, and to make valuable fuel. .

A small or medium-sized tree; principally along streams, or on rich hillsides. Rare, and in danger of extermination for fuel.

63. Sophora affinis, Torr. & Gray. Styphnolobium affine, Walp.

“Prairies of Arkafsas on the Red River”; Eastern and Southern “aa« Texas.

: “A gmall tree, 10 to 12 feet in height; the trunk 4 to 8 inches in diam- eter; rarely a small shrub; the wood very heavy.”—(Lindheimer. Gray, Pl. Lindh. 178.)

64. Sophora secundiflora, Lag.

S. speciosa, Benth.

Western shores of Matagorda Bay to Western Texas.

- “A gmall tree, about 30 feet in height; the wood yellow, hard, and: heavy, called Lignum Vite. Flowers showy, blue, sweet-scented, exhal- ing nearly the odor of violets. The tree forms small groves on the shores of Matagorda Bay, where it is the only firewood. The wood dyes yellow.”—(Lindheimer. Gray, Pl. Lindh, 178.)

An exceedingly poisonous alkaloid, to which the name of Sophorin has been given, is produced from the seed of this species.—(Rothrock, Coult. Bot. Gazette, ii. 133.)

65. Gymnocladus Canadensis, Lam. KENTUCKY COFFEE TREE.

From Western New York and the province of Ontario, south to Ten- a) nessee, west to Wisconsin, Eastern Nebraska, and the Indian Territory. e Wood rose-colored, close-grained, compact, very tough, with little sap- wood ; susceptible of a high polish, although cross-grained and difficult to season and work. Its specific gravity .609.

A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 2 feet in diam- eter.

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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

66, Gleditechia monosperma, Nutt. WATER LOCUST.

South Carolina to Florida, near the coast; and from Southern Illinois to Northern Alabama, Louisiana, and Eastern Texas. A small tree; in deep swamps.

«67. Gleditschia triacanthos, L. HONEY LOCUST. THREE-THORNED ACACIA.

Western Pennsylvania to Eastern Nebraska, the Indian Territory, Louisiana, and Florida; probably not east of the Alleghany Mountains.

Wood hard, heavy, coarse-grained.

A large or medium-sized tree; in rich bottom land.

68. Parkinsonia florida, Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. xi. 135, Cercidium floridum, Benth,

Southern Texas. A small tree or shrub; not to be confounded with the next species.

69. Parkinsonia Torreyana, Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. xi. 135. Cercidium floridum, Torr. PALO VERDE. GREEN-BARK ACACIA.

Common in the valleys of Southeastern Arizona and the adjacent portions of California.

Wood hard, furnishing a valuable fuel.

A small tree, often 30 feet in height.

70. Cercis Canadensis, L. RED BUD. JUDAS TREE.

New York, south to Florida ; west to Minnesota; Wyoming, Louisiana, and the Indian Territory.

Wood hard, compact, susceptible of a good polish.

A small tree, rarely exceeding 30 feet in height.

71. Cercis occidentalis, Torr. C. Californicum, Torr. RED BUD. JUDAS TREE,

California, Mount Shasta and Mendocino County, southward along the foothills of the Sierras to San Diego. 3

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CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 18

A small tree, or more frequently a large shrub. A small shrubby variety (0. reniformis, Engelm.) occurs in Southern Texas and New Mexico. 72, Prosopis julifiora, DC.

Algarobia glandulosa, Torr. & Gray. ALGAROBA. MESKIT.

HONEY LOCUST.

Valley of the Guadaloupe, plains of Western Texas, to San Felipe Cajion, Southern California; north to Southern Colorado and Southern Nevada; and southward through Mexico.

Wood hard, very heavy and durable, affording fuel of the best quality and excellent charcoal. The unripe and pulpy pods edible and a valu- able forage. A gum resembling gum arabic is produced by this tree, and the seeds are rich in grape-sugar.

“ Trees 30 to 40 feet high, with few and large erect branches; the trunk often from one to two and one half feet in diameter; the heartwood dark reddish-brown; but often occurring as a small tree or shrub. Im- portant as furnishing the only firewood in Western Texas, and also for its edible fruit..—(Lindheimer. Gray, P]. Lindh. 181.)

73. Prosopis pubescens, Benth. Strombocarpa pubescens, Gray.

TORNILLA. SCREW BEAN. SCREW-POD MESQUIT.

Southern New Mexico, along the valley of the Rio Grande; west to San Diego County, California; north to Ash Meadows, Southern Nevada; and southward into Mexico.

Wood resembling that of the last species.

A small tree; the seeds affording excellent forage; or ground into flour, Indian food.

74. Acacia Greggii, Gray.

Western Texas, through Southern New Mexico and Arizona to San Diego, California. A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height.

75. Pithecolobium Unguis-Cati, Benth.

Inga Unguis-Cati, Willd. P. Guadalupense, Nutt.

CAT’S-CLAW.

Southern Florida, and through the West Indies. A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height.

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grow hth

ics nate ii tal pe St == =

ee ee

78.

Cerc

Proba Rocky south of

A sma red and

Se a ES ED 8 ee = aE et ad a Pet °

A sme Washin; The sk

80.

Cer Cer

From. out the | North C.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

ROSACEA.

76, Prunus Americana, Marshall. WILD PLUM. OANADA PLUM.

From Hudson’s Bay to Florida; west to Denver City, Colorado, Shawneetown, Indian Territory, and Central Texas. Wood reddish, hard. A small tree; often cultivated for its red or yellow acid fruit.

,

A Prunus Caroliniana, Ait. Cerasue Caroliniana, Michx. MOCK ORANGE,

North Carolina to Florida, near the coast, and west to Louisiana, Arkansas, and Eastern Texas.

Wood rose-colored, fine-grained, brittle.

A small tree, sometimes 40 feet in height; often cultivated for orna- ment, ;

78. Prunus Chicasa, Michx.

Cerasus Chicasa, Sering.

CHICKASAW PLUM.

Probably native in the regions immediately east and southeast of the Rocky Mountains, but now widely naturalized in all the Atlantic States south of Pennsylvania and Illinois.

A small tree, or often a shrub; frequently cultivated for its globose, red and yellowish fruit.

79. Prunus emarginata, Walpers, var. mollis, Brewer. P. mollis, Walpers. Corasus mollis, Doug). Northern California to Puget Sound, and east into the Cascade Mountains. A small tree, sometimes. 30 feet in height. Common in Oregon and Washington Territory. The shrubby P. emarginata, Walpers, is the common form of California.

80.

Prunus Pennsylvanica, L.

Cerasus borealis, Michx. Cerasus Pennsylvanica, Sering.

WILD RED CHERRY.

From Newfoundland to the headwaters of the Saskatchewan ; through- out the New England and Northern States; on the high mountains of North Carolina, and in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado.

oa

a

AW ia

whe = a eS SS

“ade,

= ees

=

A sm land ta conifera

81.

Huds ern Neb southwe

Wood light, eg largely valuable

A tre¢ reaching

South A sme

From Coast R into the

A smi

84,

Wasa Nevada Wood ble of a be useft its spec A sm Very ca to 8,000

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 20

A small tree, sometimes 30 to 40 feet in height. In Northern New Eng- land taking possession of the immense tracts annually cleared of the coniferous forests by fire.

81. Prunus serotina, Ebrh.

Cerasus Virginiana, Michx. Cerasus serotina, Loisel. P. Capollin, Zuce. ?

WILD BLACK CHERRY.

Hudson’s Bay, south to Florida, and from the Atlantic coast to East- ern Nebraska, the Indian Territory, Eastern Texas, and probably further southwest.

Wood light red, becoming darker with age, close-grained, compact, light, easily worked, and not liable to warp; its specific gravity .454; largely employed in cabinet-making, for which it is one of the most valuable of North American woods.

A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk often 4 feet in diameter 5 reaching its greatest perfection in the valley of the Ohio.

82. Prunus umbellata, Elliott.

South Carolina, to Florida and Alabama. A small tree, often a shrub; “in very dry and sandy soils.”—(Hlliott. )

Nuttallia cerasiformis, Torr. & Gray. OSO BERRY.

From San Luis Obispo, California, north to Puget Sound; along the Coast Ranges in California ; in Oregon and Washington Territory, east into the Cascade Mountains.

A small tree, or often a shrub.

84. Cercocarpus ledifolius, Nutt.

MOUNTAIN MAHOGANY.

Wasatch Mountains, Utah, west to the eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada; and from the 36th parallel north into Oregon and Idaho.

Wood mahogany-colored, very hard, remarkably heavy, and suscepti- ble of a beautiful polish, although too brittle and difficult to work to be useful in the arts; furnishing the most valuable fuel of Nevada; its specific gravity 1.117.

A small tree, sometimes 40 feet in height, and often only a shrub. Very common in all the mountain ranges of the “Great Basin” at 6,000 to 8,000 feet elevation.

Malt A smal

and excer

along the 88.

e Bi ks

O

SRA LEP BETSY

SRL ta ag EE EE BE

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

85. Pirus Americana, DC. Sorbus Americana, Marsh. AMERICAN MOUNTAIN ASH.

Greenland and Labrador, south through the New England and North- ern States, to Wisconsin; on the high peaks of the mountains of North

Carolina. : A small tree; in swamps and moist woods.

86. Pirus angustifolia, Ait. Malus angustifolia, Michx. NARROW-LEAVED CRAB APPLE.

From ? Pennsylvania, to Florida and Mississippi; probably confined to the low country and not ascending or crossing the Alle- ghany Mountains.

A small tree.

87. , : Pirus coronaria, L. Malus coronaria, Mill. AMERICAN CRAB APPLE.

From Oneida County, New York, west to Wisconsin, and south to Georgia, Arkansas, and Louisiana; in the South Atlantic States, only along the Alleghany Mountains.

A small tree, sometimes 30 feet in height; fruit small, yellowish green, and exceedingly austere.

88. Pirus rivularis, Doug].

Malus rivularis, Desne.

OREGON CRAB APPLE.

From Sonoma County, California, north to Alaska; in Oregon and Washington Territory, east into the Cascade Mountains. Wood hard, tough, susceptible of a good polish. A small tree, sometimes 30 feet in- height; more often shrubby, and forming low, impenetrable thickets; fruit small (the size of a pea), sweet, edible. Common along streams in moist ground.

89. Pirus sambucifolia, Cham. & Schlect.

Sorbus sambucifolia, Rem.

On the high mountains of New England, and far northward; along the northern frontier of the United States; in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Utah; on the Hast Humboldt Range of Nevada; in the Sierra Nevada, from “Big Tree Road” northward, and in all mountain ranges north to Sitka, and in Kamtschatka.

A small tree. ,

aia oS rs : sigh tpt Saar, te y og sg ae A a eget Br go eg Nea ieee 2 : se E: B : = canes Sees ROS ee ee eee a

ee a ee

ie

South OC A swall ponds, in

91.

Virginia and Easte A small

92.

Near Fo Louisiana, A small

93.

Prairies A small

94.

Canada Eastern N

A small best mark & Gray, |. ¢

95,

Virginia A small

Canada Arkansas, A small best mark Lindl. Bot. folia, Torr.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

90. Crategus estivalis, Torr. & Gray. MAY HAW. APPLE HAW.

South Carolina to Florida; west to Louisiana and Arkansas. A swall tree, sometimes 30 feet in height; margins of streams and ponds, in sandy soil.

91. Crategus apiifolia, Michx.

Virginia? to Florida, near the coast; west to Louisiana,*Arkansas, and Eastern Texas. A small tree.

92. Crategus arborescens, Elliott,

Near Fort Argyle, on the Ogeechee River, Georgia (Hlliott), to Florida, Louisiana, and Eastern Texas. A small tree, 20 to 30 feet in height; on banks of streams.

93. Crategus berberifolia, Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 469. Prairies of Opelousas, Louisiana. (Prof. Carpenter.) A small tree, 20 to 25 feet in height.

94. Crategus coccinea, L. SCARLET-FRUITED THORN.

Canada and Northern Vermont, southward to Florida, and west to Eastern Nebraska.

A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height, running into various forms; the best marked var. populifolia, Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 465, and var. viridis, Torr. & Gray, |. c. 95, Crateegus cordata, Ait. WASHINGTON THORN.

Virginia and Kentucky, southward to Georgia. A small tree.

98. Crategus Crus-galli, L. COCKSPUR THORN.

Canada and Northern Vermont, south to Florida; west to Missouri, Arkansas, and Eastern Texas.

A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height, running into various forms; the best marked var. pyricanthifolia, Ait. Hort. Kew. ii. 170; var. ovalifolia, Lindl. Bot, Reg. xxii. t. 1860; var. linearis, DC. Prodr. 2, 626; and var. prunt- folia, Torr. & Gray, Bot. Reg. xxii. t. 1868. :

Virgin Asma rey & Gr

Sierra probably A sma

100. Cc.

Virgin Eastern A sma

101.

C.. ct C. te C. n

Daven of the M tonio, T

A sma

102.

North A sme

Canad Wiscons Wood A sms

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

97. Crategus Douglasii, Lindl. C. sanguinea, var. Douglasii, Torr. & Gray.

On Pit River, California, northward to Puget Sound, and east to Montana.

A small tree, 10 to 20 feet high; common in Oregon and Washington Territory along streams.

98. ’ Crateegus flava, Ait. SUMMER HAW.

Virginia, southward to Florida, and west to Southern Arkansas. A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height; “ in shady, sandy places.”—( Tors rey& Gray.)

99. Crategus rivularis, Nutt.

Sierra and Plumas Counties, California; north to Puget Sound, and probably east to Montana. A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height.

100. Crategus spathulata, Michx. C. microcarpa, Lindl.

Virginia, southward to Florida, and west to Louisiana, Arkansas, and Eastern Texas. A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height, or often a shrub.

101. Crategus subvillosa, Schrad. C. coccinea, var. mollis, Torr. & Gray. C. tomentosa, var. mollis, Gray. C. mollis, Scheele. * Davenport and in Fremont County, Iowa; south through the valley of the Mississippi River; Shawneetown, Indian Territory, and San An- tonio, Texas; the range of this species still obscure. A small tree,

102. Crateegus tomentosa, L BLACK THORN. PEAR THORN.

Northern Vermont, to Georgia; .west to Iowa and Arkansas. A small tree, or more often a. shrub. var. punctata, Gray. (C. punctata, Jacq.) © Canada and Northern Vermont, to Georgia and Alspama; west to Wisconsin, Eastern Nebraska, and Arkansas. Wood hard, heavy, close-grained. A small tree, sometimes 80 feet in height.

Califo and east A shr

105. Mest

Hudso dian Ter Wood A smal into man oblongifot

106.

Greeny south wes Wood : A tree,

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 24

108. Crategus species.

A Orategus of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, Utah and Wyom- ing, and the Clover Mountains of Nevada, which has been generally re- ferred to CO. rivularis, Nutt., will probably be found to be a distinct species.

104. Heteromeles arbutifolia, Romer. Orategua arbutifolia, Poir. Aronia arbutifolia, Nutt. Photinia arbutifolia, Lindl. Mespilus arbutifolia, Link. Photinia salicifolia, Pres). H. Fremontiana, Desne.

TOYON. TOLLON.

California, Mendocino County to San Diego, in the Coast Ranges, and east to the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. A shrub, or near San Diego a “ tree 12 to 20 feet high.”—( Rothrock.)

105. Amelanchier Canadensis, Torr. & Gray.

Mespilus arborea, Michx. f.

JUNE BERRY. SHAD BUSH. SERVICE TREE.

Hudson’s Bay, south to Florida, and west to Nebraska and the In- dian Territory.

Wood exceedingly hard, heavy, strong.

A small tree, sometimes 40 feet in height, or often a shrub, running into many forms, the best marked var. Botryapium, Torr. & Gray; var. oblongifolia, Torr. & Gray. The small fruit sweet and edible.

I AER SASS SS eR OES NT Se SS STE I ESG 7 ae ret roog- Sas ee a ae i Pa eo oe ’ ee Abe eh a ~ ~ -

¥ ARE eis * AS é - =

HAMAMELACE.

106. Liquidambar Styraciflua, L. LIQUIDAMBER. SWEET GUM. BILSTED.

Greenwich, Fairfield County, Connecticut, south to Florida, and southwest to Missouri and Arkansas; in Mexico and Central America. Wood reddish, compact, fine-grained, moderately tough and solid.

A tree, 40 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk 3 to 5 feet in diameter.

107.

South America A sma

108.

Tampi Brazil. A sma

109.

South A sma

110.

Southe A sma

111.

Southe A sma

112.

Southe A sma

118.

Valley A tree 4

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES,

RHIZOPHORACE.®.

107. Rhizophora Mangle, L. MANGROVE.

Southern Florida, Louisiana, Texas, and southward through Tropical America. A small tree; always in maritime swamps.

108. Conocarpus erecta, L. BUTTON TREE.

Tampa Bay, Florida, and southward through the West Indies to Brazil. A small tree or shrub; along muddy marine shores.

109. Laguncularia racemosa, Giertn. BLACK BUTTON WOOD, WHITE MANGROVE.

Southern Florida, and through the West Indies to Brazil. A small tree, or more often a shrub.

MYRTACE.X. 110. Eugenia buxifolia, Willd.

Southern Florida, and through the West Indies.

A small tree.

111. Eugenia dichotoma, DC.

Southern Florida, and through the West Indies to Central America. A small tree. ;

112. Eugenia procera, Poir.

Southern Florida, and through the West Indies.

A small tree.

CACTACE.E.

118. Cereus giganteus, Engel. Am. Jour. Sci. (2 ser.), 14. 385, and 17. 231.

Valley of the Gila River, Southwestern Arizona; and in Sonora. A tree 25 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 2 feet in diameter, 4

i

Ss ne

114.

Penns astern A shr of 30 to Sessor Ce

115,

Canad and Eas Wood A sme tonic an

116.

In Cal Jounty 1 east into Wood In Cal

117. N. c

Ogeec Souther A sma streams, large, ac

118, N, ¢

North Wood wheels, | A sma

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

ARALIACE.

114. Aralia spinosa, L. ANGELICA TREE, HERCULES’ CLUB,

Pennsylvania and Kentucky; south to Florida, west to Missouri and Eastern Texas.

A shrub or “ tree, which in rich soils (Louisiana) attains the height of 30 to 40 or even 60 feet, with a diameter of 3 to 12 inches” (Pro- Sessor Carpenter); the bark yielding a diaphoretic stimulant.

CORNACE.E.

115. Cornus Fiorida, 1. FLOWERING DOGWOOD.

>

Canada to Florida, west to Eastern Kansas; southwest to Arkansas and Eastern Texas,

Wood hard, heavy, fine-grained, susceptible of a beautiful polish.

A small tree, sometimes 30 to 40 feet in height; the bark used as a tonic and astringent.

116. Cornus Nuttallii, Audubon,

In California, Monterey and Mendocino Counties, and from Mariposa County north to Puget Sound; in Oregon and Washington Territory east into the Cascade Mountains.

Wood very hard, close-grained, strong. In California, a small tree ; at the north, often 70 to 80 feet in height.

se ota SS aay Me eee Se cia FAO RIS tt Se, A Ace te DT IT RA TEE I Se A ne

117. Nyssa capitata, Walt. N, candicans, Miehx.

OGEECHEE LIME. SOUR

TUPELO.

Ogeechee River, Georgia, south to Florida, and west to Louisiana and Southern Arkansas.

A small tree, rarely 30 feet in height; in swamps and on the banks of streams. A conserve, known as “‘ Ogeechee Limes,” is prepared from the large, acid fruit of this species.

118, Nyssa Caroliniana, Poir.

N. aquatica, GUM TREE.

North Carolina to Florida, and west to ? Wood firm, close-grained, very unwedgable ; employed for hubs of wheels, hatters’ blocks, and similar uses.

A small or medium-sized tree ; in swamps and wet ground.

119.

4

“ls — a

West. and Ark Wood A smi

Banks to Floric A larg

South tucky ?,

Wood that of t

A larg

122.

Throu. Montana to the W

A sma

128,

Hudsc ern Stat ghany A sms

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 27

119. Nyssa multiflora, Wang. N, aquatica, L. in part. N, biflora, Michx.

TUPELO. SOUR GUM. PEPPERIDGE.

West Milton, Vermont, south to Florida; west to Michigan, Missouri, and Arkansas,

Wood very unwedgable; employed for hubs of wheels, &e.

A small or medium-sized tree; in swamps and low ground.

120. Nyssa sylvatica, Marsh. N. villosa, Michx. N. multiflora, var. sylvatica, Watson, Index.

BLACK GUM.

Banks of the Schuylkill River, Philadelphia (Michaux f.); southward to Florida, and west through Kentucky and Tennessee. A large tree; its specific characters not yet satisfactorily defined.

121. Nyssa uniflora, Wang. NV. aquatica, L. in part. N, tomentosa, Michx. N. grandidentata, Michx.f.

LARGE TUPELO. COTTON GUM.

Southeastern Virginia, south to Florida, near the coast; west to Ken- tucky ?, Louisiana, and Southern Arkansas.

Wood light, soft, unwedgable; somewhat employed for wooden ware ; that of the roots very light, supplying a substitute for cork.

A large tree; in water or deep swamps.

CAPRIFOLIACE.®X.

122. Sambucus glauca, Nutt. ELDER.

Throughout California, Oregon, and Washington Territory; east into Montana and Idaho; on the mountain ranges of the “ Great Basin”; east to the Wasatch Mountains, and in Southern New Mexico.

A small tree, sometimes 20 feet in height, or often a shrub.

123, Viburnum Lentago, L. SHEEP BERRY.

TIudson’s Bay and the Saskatchewan, southward through the North- ern States; west to Fremont County, Iowa, and south along the Alle- ghany Mountains to Georgia.

A small tree, 15 to 20 feet in height. Most common at the North.

124.

Fairfie to Flori Eastern

A sma

125.

South A sma Cinchon

Puget to Soutl Wood A lar;

127,

South

Wood polish;

A shr

Art

Oregc Wasatc The c

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

124. Viburnum prunifolium, L. BLACK HAW.

Fairfield County, Connecticut, and Fishkill Landing, New York, south to Florida, and west to Saint Louis County, Missouri, Arkansas, and Eastern Texas.

A small tree, 15 to 20 feet in height.

RUBIACE.E.

125. Pinckneya pubens, Michx. GEORGIA BARK.

South Carolina to Middle Florida; in swamps near the coast. A small tree; the bark with the taste and medicinal properties Cinchona.

ERICACELE.

126. Arbutus Menziesii, Pursh.

A. laurifolia, Lindl. A. procera, Doug). A, Texana, Buckley.

MADRONA.

Puget Sound, southward through the Coast Ranges of California to Southern Arizona, and in Western Texas and Mexico.

Wood white, hard, brittle.

A large tree at the North, rarely more than a shrub at the South.

127, Arctostaphylos pungens, HBK. MANZANITA.

Southern California, Southern Utah, Arizona, and south into Mexico.

Wood hard, heavy, mahogany-colored, and susceptible of a brilliant polish; employed | in the best cabinet work,

A shrub, often 20 feet in height, or probably sometimes a small tree:

var. platyphylla, Gray.

Arctostaphylos glauca, Watson, King Rep. vy. 210 [not Lindl, }.

Oregon, south through California to Western Arizona, and in the Wasatch Mountains. The common Manzanita of Northern and Central California.

128.

Califor1 Wood } A shrul foot or m

129. Andr

Pennsy principal A smal

180.

Canadé and Alab Tennesse

Wood ¢ of tools,

Geners a tree 30

131.

Nova 5 along the Wood

Geners tree 30 tc

M. | M, J Rap Sam Southe A shrv

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

128. Arctostaphylos glauca, Lindl. MANZANITA.

California, Monterey and through the southern portion of the State.

Wood probably similar to that of the last species.

A shrub or small tree, sometimes 25 feet in height, with a trunk a foot or more in diameter. :

129. Oxydendrum arboreum, DC. Andromeda arborea, L.

SORREL WOOD. SOUR WOOD.

Pennsylvania and Ohio, south to Florida, Mississippi, and Arkansas; principally in the Alleghany Mountains, A small tree, sometimes 40 to 60 feet in height.

130. Kalmia latifolia, L. LAUREL. CALICO BUSH. SPOON WOOD. IVY.

Canada, Maine, and Northern Vermont; south to Western Florida and Alabama; west to Wisconsin (Lapham), and through Kentucky and Tennessee to Arkansas.

Wood exceedingly hard, heavy, close-grained, strong ; used for handles of tools, and furnishing a valuable fuel.

Generally a shrub; in the southern Alleghany Mountains sometimes a tree 30 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk 1 to 2 feet in diameter.

181. , Rhododendron maximum, L. GREAT LAUREL. ROSE BAY.

Nova Scotia, Southern Canada, Northern New England, and south along the Alleghany Mountains; never on limestone.

Wood hard, heavy, very close-grained.

Generally a shrub; in the southern Alleghany Mountains often a tree 30 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk a foot or more in diameter.

MYRSINACEL.

132. Myrsine Rapanea, Rem. & Schult.

M. floribunda, Griseb.

M, Floridana, A.DC.

Rapanea Guyanensis, Aubl.

Samara floribunda, Willd. Southern Florida, and through the West Indies to Southern Brazil. - A shrub or small tree.

ee Es a eee ee ed r oo ie anaes

133

Cyri , Pick

Easter Gener

134,

Southe through A sma

135. C.n

Southe A sma

186.

S. pe Bun Bun

Charlo West In

187.

Ach Bu

Keys A tree

138.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

133 Ardisia Pickeringia, Torr. & Gray.

Cyrilla paniculata, Nutt. Pickeringia paniculata, Nutt.

Eastern and Southern Florida, and through the West Indies to Mexico. Generally a shrub; on the Florida Keysa small tree 20 feet in height.

SAPOTACEAS 134, Chrysophyllum microphyllum, DC.

Southern Florida, Caloosa River, and near Miami (Garber); and through the West Indies. A small tree.

135. Chrysophyllum oliviforme, Lam.

C. monopyrenum, Swartz.

Southern Florida, and through the West Indies. A small tree.

136. Sideroxylon mastichodendron Jacq.

S. pallidum, Spreng. Bumelia pallida, Swartz. Bumelia factidissima, Nutt.

Charlotte Harbor and Key West, Southern Florida, and through the West Indies.

137, , Dipholis salicifolia, A. DC. Achras salicifolia, L.

Bumelia salicifolia, Swartz.

Keys of Southern Florida, and through the West Indies to Brazil. A tree, 60 feet in height. ;

138. Bumelia cuneata, Swartz. B. myrsinifolia, A.DC. B. parvifolia, A.DC. B. angustifolia, Nutt. B, reclinata, Torr.

Southern Florida, Tampa Bay to Key West; Texas, from Laredo on .

the Rio Grande to the mouth of that river, and southward into Mexico. A gmall tree, 20 to 30 feet in height.

OY Sa SE RN ote = F< ie. =2

seat yee se

139. B tom B. obl B. fern

Georgia bama; Mi

A small diameter.

140.

Coast of A small

141.

North ¢ Wood 1 A smal

142. M. di

aleras

Keys 0. A smal frrit the

148,

Light-. Alabam: Wood ery, for : A tree austere 1

/ CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES, 31

139. Bumelia lanuginosa, Pers.

B tomentosa, A.DC, B. oblongifolia, Nutt. B. ferruginea, Nutt.

Georgia and Florida; Southern [linois (opposite Saint Louis) to Ala- bama; Missouri, Arkansas, and Eastern Texas.

A small tree, 20 to 30 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 2 feet in diameter,

140. Bumelia lycioides, Gwrtn. IRON WOOD, SOUTHERN BUCKTHORN.

Coastof Virginia and Southern Illinois, to Florida and Eastern Texas. A small tree, 20 to 30 feet in height.

141. Bumelia tenax, Willd.

North Carolina to Florida, near the coast; in sandy soil. Wood hard, heavy, very tough. A small tree, 20 to 30 feet in height.

142. Mimusops Siebderi, A.DC. M. dissecta, Griseb. elcras Zapotilla, var. parviflora, Nutt.

NASEBERRY.

Keys of Southern Florida, and through the West Indies. A small tree, sometimes 30 feet in height; the edible and agreeable frrit the size of a pigeon’s egg.

EBENACE.

148, Diospyros Virginiana, L. PERSIMMON.

Light-House Point, New Haven, Connecticut, south to Florida and Alabama; Ohio to lowa, Missouri, Kansas, and south to Louisiana.

Wood brownish, hard, heavy, very close-grained ;, employed in turn- ery, for shoe lasts, Xe.

A tree, 20 to 70 feet in height; the yellow edible fruit exceedingly austere until after frost, then becoming sweet and luscious.

tineciigmnnas

ar pa ativoear sonar

——

144.

Souther Wood v A small ripe in At

145. Hopec

Souther kansas.

A small cattle and

146.

Georgia A smal

147.

West and Flori

A smal times exe

148. FP, ac Ira Kj F, e} F.C

Nova § perior; § Kansas.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

144. Diospyros Texana, Scheele. MEXICAN PERSIMMON.

Southern and Western Texas, and southward into Mexico,

Wood white and heavy.

A small tree, 10 to 30 feet in height; “fruit globose, black, luscious, ripe in August.”—(@ray, Syn. Fl. 1. 70.)

STYRACACE Zs.

145. Symplocos tinctoria, 1.’ Her. Hopea tinctorea, L. HORSE SUGAR. SWEET LEAF.

Southern Delaware to Florida; west to Louisiana and Southern Ar- kansas.

A small tree or shrub; leaves sweet to the taste, greedily eaten by cattle and horses, and yielding a yellow dye.

146. Halesia diptera, L.

Georgia to Florida, Louisiana, and Southern Arkansas. A small tree or shrub.

147. Halesia tetraptera, L. SNOW-DROP TREE. SILVER-BELL TREE.

West Virginia to Southern linois; south to Arkansas, Louisiana, and Florida; principally along the southern Alleghany Mountains.

A small or, in the mountains, medium-sized tree, with a trunk some- times exceeding 18 inches in diameter.

OLEACE.

148. Fraxinus Americana, L.

IF. acuminata, Lam. F, alba, Marsh.

F, juglandifolia, Lam. I’, epiptera, Michx.

I’, Curtissii, Vasey.

WHITE ASH. Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, to the western shores of Lake Su-

perior; south to Florida and Louisiana; west to Eastern Nebraska and Kansas.

Wood the man work, &c

A tree, the first «

149.

Labyri: Vergen, | A smal

150.

Ornu

A sma

151.

itn eeenrepes—taee eee oo See — #. 2 Ber tt : ae ee SS - POR a

Puget | borhood « Wood ‘ A larg nia. 152.

Southe

A sma Wheeler.

Fv

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES, 83

Wood light, tough, very strong, elastic; extensively employed in the manufacture of agricultural implements, carriages, oars, cabinet work, &c.

A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 4 to 6 feet in diameter ; of the first economic value.

149. Fraxinus anomala Torr. Watson, King Rep. v. 283,

Labyrinth Cafion, Colorado River, and near Saint George on the Rio Vergen, Southern Utah. A small tree, 10 to 20 feet in height.

— = ng a ae

ln a ste

RS Ee

150. Fraxinus dipetala, Hook & Arn. Ornus dipetala, Nutt.

Ph a

A small tree. Common in California, west of the Sierra Nevada.

a a

151. Fraxinus Oregana, Nutt. F, pubescens, var., Hook, F1. Bor. Am, ii. 51. F. grandifolia, Benth. Bot. Sulph., 33.

OREGON ASH.

Puget Sound ; south near the coast to Fresno County and the neigh. borhood of San Francisco, California,

Wood ‘said to equal that of the White Ash.

A large tree in Oregon and Washington Territory, smaller in Califor- nia. 152. Fraxinus pistaciefolia, Torr.

—— ee

. aes ne ER Ee Lee nS Sea ee AE Cot a ae eileen ae? tS tf sem ee + es ae tee ee me

Southern and Western Texas, to Ash Creek, Southern Arizona. A small tree, “20 feet high, with a diameter of 18 inches.”—( Rothrock, Wheeler. Rep. vi, 186.) var. coriacea, Gray, Syn. F1.i.74.

F, velutina, Torr. in Emory Rep. 1848, 1849. F. ooriacea, Watson. Am. Nat. vii, 302. Rothrock Wheeler, Rep. vi. 186, t. 22.

Ash Meadows, Nevada, and Southern Arizona. A small tree. 153. - Fraxinus platycarpa, Michx. F. Carotiniana, Lam. F. Americana, Marsh. F, pallida, Bosc. F. pauciflora, Nutt. F. triptera, Nutt.

} ; i : Hi | iii i N ae tule ay” HE ii [ He ie it ‘¥ ae P

WATER ASH.

Southeastern Virginia to Florida, near the coast, and west to Louisiana and Southern Arkansas; in the West Indies. A small tree, 30 to 40 feet in height; in deep river swamps. 5

154. FV I Fin F, t Canad: States. A med

155.

Newfo mountair Wood employec A smo

156.

Michig Wood A larg

157.

Canad A sie

FL Texas

158.

Lane: Pennsyl A shr

159. Ole

Soutl Wood A sm

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES, 34

154. Fraxinus pubescens, Lam. F. Pewnaylvanica, Marsh. F. nigra, DuRoi. F’, tomentosa, Michx.f. Canada to Florida; west to Dakota; most common in the Eastern States. A medium-sized tree; borders of swamps, and in low ground.

155. Fraxinus sambucifolia, Lam. BLACK ASH.

Newfoundland to the southern shores of James Bay; south to the mountains of Virginia; west to Wisconsin and Arkansas.

Wood brownish, very tough, elastic; easily separable into thin layers; employed in basket-making, &c.

A smo!l or medium-sized tree;"in swamps and along low river banks.

156. Fraxinus quadrangulata, Michx. BLUE ASH. Michigan and Wisconsin; south to Northern Alabama.

Wood said to equal that of the White Ash. A large tree.

157. Fraxinus viridis, Michx.f.

F. concolor, Muhl. F, juglandifolia, Willd. F. Caroliniana, Willd. ? F. expansa, Willd.

Canada to Florida; west to Dakota, Texas, and Arizona.

A small or medium-sized tree; along streams, or in low ground.

var. Berlandieriana, Gray, Syn. FI. i. 75.

F. Berlandieriana, DC. Prodr, vii. 2738.

Texas.

158. Chionanthus Virginica, L. FRINGE TREE.

Lancaster County, and banks of the Brandywine, Chester County,

Pennsylvania; Southern Ohio (Newberry), south to Florida and Texas. A shrub or small tree, sometimes 20 to 30 feet in height.

159. Osmanthus Americanus, Benth. & Hook. Olva Americana, L. DEVIL WOOD.

Southeastern Virginia to Florida and Alabama, near the coast. Wood exceedingly hard, close-grained, difficult to split or cut. A small tree or shrub.

ae ase

Y

is ” {

160.

Extre and in A sma

161 Cz 3]

South A sma

162.

Keys

168.

Texas A sm diamete

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

BORRAGINACE 160. Cordia Boissieri, DC.

Extreme Southwestern Texas, the adjacent portion of New Mexico, and in Mexico. A small tree, 15 to 20 feet in height.

161 Cordia Sebestena, L. C. speciosa, Willd.

Southern Florida, and in the West Indies. A small tree, or often a shrub.

162. Bourreria Havanensis, Micrs.

Ehretia Havanensis, Willd.

B. tomentosa, var. Havanensis, Griscb.

Ehretia tomentosa, Lam.

Pittonia similis, Catesb.

Ehretia Beurreria, Chapman, [not L. ]

B. succulenta, Jacq. Florida Keys and in the West Indies. A small tree.

var. radula, Gray, Syn. FI. i. 181.

B. radula, Don. B. virgata, Griseb. [not Swartz ex Miers. ] Ehretia radula, Poir.

Cordia Floridana, Nutt. Sylv. ii. 147, t. 107.

Keys of Southern Florida, and in the West Indies.

163. Ehretia elliptica, Dc.

Texas, Corpus Christi, and along the valley of the lower Rio Grande. A small tree, 20 to 30 feet in height, with a trunk often a foot in diameter.

BIGNONIACL.E.

164, Catalpa bignonioides, Walt. Gray, Manual, 5 ed., 321, and Syn. Fl. i. 319, in part. Bignonia Catalpa, L. C. cordifolia, Jaume. C. syringefolia, Sims, Western Georgia, Florida, and perhaps west to Louisiana. Wood very light, close-grained, remarkably durable; its specific grav- ity 405; valuable for fence-posts and cabinet work. A medium-sized tree.

South Southea Wood ity .462 placed i posts, & A lar; 4 feet i

forest.

South A sh courses

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES,

Catalpa speciosa, Warder. Ingelm. in Coult., Bot, Gazette, v. 1.

WESTERN CATALPA.

Southern Indiana and Illinois, Western Kentucky and Tennessee, Southeastern Missouri, and possibly southward through Louisiana.

Wood rather heavier than that of the last species its, specific grav- ity .462; valuable for cabinet work, and almost imperishable when placed in contact with the soil; largely employed for railway ties, fence- posts, &e.

A large tree in rich bottom-lands, often 80 feet in height, with a trunk 4 feet in diameter; one of the most valuable trees of the American forest.

166. Chilopsis saligna, Don.

C. linearis, DC. Bignonia linearis, Cav. C. glutinosa, Engelm.

DESERT WILLOW.

Southern Texas to Southern California, and south into Mexico. A shrub or small tree, sometimes 20 feet in height; along water courses in the dry districts.

VERBENACE,

167. ' Avicennia nitida, Jacq.

A. tomentosa, Meyer [not Jacq. ] A. oblongifolia, Nutt. ? ‘

WHITE MANGROVE.

Southern Florida; Louisiana, at the mouth of the Mississippi River; and southward to Brazil. A small tree; along the sea-coast in saline marshes.

POLYGONACEZE.

168. Coccoloba Floridana, Meisner. C. parvifolia, Nutt. [not Poir. ] PIGEON PLUM.

Southern Florida; Miami River (Garber), Key West, &c.

169.

Southe West Ind Wood A large

170.

Laur Laur P. iB

Southe Wood brilliant - cabinet-m

A tree, 15 to 20 i

171,

Laur Persé

Canadq sas, and Wood aromatic A tree bark, en ulant. in impar

172.

Ored Tet Dri

MOUNTS

Orega the wes Woda

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

169. Coccoloba unifera, Jacq. SEA GRAPE.

Southern Florida, Miami River (Garber), Key West; and through the West Indies.

Wood violet-colored, very hard, heavy, valuable for cabinet-making.

A large tree; the edible fruit of an agreeable subacid flavor.

LAURACE..

170. Persea Carolinensis, Nees.

Laurus Borbonica, L. Laurus Carolinensis, Catesb. P. Bordonica, Spr. RED BAY.

Southern Delaware to Florida and Eastern Texas; near the coast.

Wood rose-colored, very durable, strong, compact, susceptible of a brilliant polish; formerly somewhat employed in ship-building and for cabinet-making.

A tree, in the Gulf States, sometimes 70 feet in height, with a trunk 15 to 20 inches in diameter.

171, Sassafras officinale, Nees.

Laurus Sassafras, L. Persea Sassafras, Spreng. SASSAFRAS.

Canada and Northern Vermont, to Florida; west to Missouri, Arkan- sas, and Eastern Texas.

Wood white or reddish, according to soil, light, very durable, slightly aromatic.

A tree, sometimes 50 feet in height; the roots, and especially their bark, enter largely into commerce, and afford a powerful aromatic stim- wlant. The oil of sassafras, distilled froia the roots, is largely employed in imparting a pleasant flavor to many articles of domestic use.

172. Umbellularia Californica, Nutt.

Oreodaphne Californica, Nees. Tetranihera Californica, Hook & Arn. Drimyphyllum pauciflorum, Nutt. MOUNTAIN LAUREL. CALIFORNIA LAUREL. SPICE TREE. CAJEPUT. CALIFORNIA OLIVE.

Oregon to San Diego, California, in the Coast Ranges, and along the western flank of the Sierra Nevada. Wood brownish, close-grained, susceptible of a fine polish, and highly

esteemed, for this | forests. In Ore leaves yie

178. Schur

Southe A shrul

174.

Gym Exca

Southe “Wood A smal

175.

Southe to the Ps

Wood shades o ing.

A tree caustic,

U.}

South Territo

Wood

A sm

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES, 38

esteemed, especially that of the roots, for cabinet-making, and yielding for this purpose the most valuable material produced by the Pacific forests.

In Oregon a tree, 60 to 100 feet in height, smaller in California ; the leaves yield a volatile oil, Oreodaphne (Am. Journ. of Pharm, x1vii. 105.)

SS ee I ee ae eee tore: 3 2

Py ee ee

See — a *;

EUPHORBIACE.E.

173. Drypetes crocea, Poit. Schafferia lateriflora, Sw.

An ae =

Southern Florida, Key West, and through the West Indies. A shrub, or on Key West becoming a large tree (Blodgett).

Fg RS are BE

174. Sebastiania lucida, Muell.

Gymnanthes lucida, Sw. Excecaria lucida, Sw.

eri nee BSE oy I

POISON WOOD.

Southern Florida and through the West Indies. “ Wood yellowish white, hard, and close-grained.”—( Nuttall.) A small tree.

175. Hippomane Maneinella, L. MANCHINEEL.

Southern Florida, and through the West Indies and Ceutral America to the Pacific.

Wood heavy, durable, close-grained, and beautifully variegated with shades of brown, white, and yellow; highly esteemed for cabinet-mak- ing.

A tree, 30 to 40 feet in height; abounding in white, milky, exceedingly caustic, poisonous sap.

URTICACE.

176. Ulmus alata, Michx. U. pumila, Nutt. WHAHOO.

WINGED ELM. SMALL-LEAVED .ELM.

Southern Virginia to Florida; west to Eastern Nebraska, the Indian Territory, and Southwestern Texas.

Wood hard, compact, unwedgable ; employed for hubs of wheels, &c. A small tree, 30 to 40 feet in height.

177.

South latitude ida; wes

Wood jn the m

A tree generall

178. U. o

Southe Titory, ar River.

A sma

179. Ur

Canad: jana,

Wood |

A smal inner bai nal prepa

130.

Provin (Robbins)

Wood tible of a in the ma all purpo solidity.

A large

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

177. Ulmus Americana, Willd. U_ Floridana, Chapman.

WHITE ELM. AMERICAN ELM.

Southern Newfoundland, Northern New Brunswick, Lake Nipigon (in latitude 50° N.), south through all the Eastern United States to Flor. ida; west to Nebraska, Kansas, and Eastern Texas.

Wood brown, moderately strong, very tough, unweidgable; employed jn the manufacture of hubs, water-pipes, &e.

A tree 60 to 80 feet in height, with a ‘trunk 6 to 9 feet in diameter ; generally in deep, moist soil, or low woods.

178. Ulmus crassifolia, Nutt. Trans, Am. Phil, Soc.(n. ser.) U. opaca, Nutt.

Southern and Western Arkansas, adjacent portions of the Indian Ter- ritory, and south to Southern Texas, from San Antonio to the Pecos River.

A small tree.

179. Ulmus fulva, Michx. U. rubra, Michx. f.

RED ELM. SLIPPERY ELM. MOOSE ELM.

Canada to Florida, west to Eastern Nebraska, Arkansas, and Louis- jana, «

Wood reddish, hard, heavy, very tough, durable.

A small or medium-sized tree; along streams and in low woods; the inner bark mucilaginous, and extensively employed in various medici- nal preparations.

130. Ulmus racemosa, ‘Thomas. ROCK ELM. AMERICAN CORK ELM.

Province of Ontario, south to Kentucky. and from Western Vermont (Robbins) to Eastern Nebraska. ;

Wood fine-grained, compact, flexible, very heavy, strong, suscep- tible of a beautiful polish; its specific gravity .832; largely employed in the manufacture of heavy agricultural implements, furniture, and for all purposes requiring a material combining strength, toughness, and solidity.

A large tree; of the first economic value.

Cape I Florida A sma

182.

Near © “A sm

183.

C. oc C. la C. 0d C. in C. lo

Valley tucky, 80

A large

184,

Norther the Indiat Wood y as a subst

A small The limit: attention of and especia’ investigatio

185.

Celtis

In the v ern New J

CATALOGUE OF

FOREST TREES,

181 : Planera aquatica, Gincl.

P, Gmelini, L. C. Rie h, P. ulmifolia, Michx.f, Anonymos aquatica, Walt.

PLANER TREF,

Cape Fear River, North Carolina, and Southern Kentucky, south to Florida and Louisiana, A small tree, 30 to 50 feet in height; along streams. Rare.

182. Celtis brevipes, Watson, Proc, Am. Acad, xiv, 297, Rothrock, Wheeler Rep. vi. 238,

Near Camp Grant, Southern Arizona (Rothrock). “A small tree, becoming 20 feet high and 18 inches in diameter.”

183, Celtis Mississippiensis, Bose.

C. oceidentalia, var, tenuifolia, Pers, C. levigata, Willd.

C. occidentalis, var. integrifolia, Nutt. C, integrifolia, Nutt.

C, longifolia, Nutt.

Valley of the Mississippi River, from Southern Missouri and Ken- tucky, south and southwestward to Eastern Texas. A large tree.

184. Celtis occidentalis, 1. C. crassifolia, Lam. C. occidentalis, var. crassifolia, Gray. SUGAR BERRY. HACKBERRY. FALSE ELM.

Northern Vermont, south to Western Florida, and west to Nebraska, the Indian Territory, and Texas.

Wood white, soft, and probably of little value; somewhat employed as a substitute for American elm.

A small, or, at the West, often a very large tree.

The limits of this and the last species are not yet satisfactorily defined, and the attention of American botanists is called to the importance of studying in the field, and especially in the valley of the Mississippi, this difficult genus, to which further investigation may restore one or possibly two species, or reduce it even still further.

185. Celtis Tala, Gillies, var. pallida, Planch. DC. Prodr. xvii. 191. Celtis (Momisia) pallida, Torr, Bot. Mex. Bound, 203, t. 50.

In the valley of the lower Rio Grande, and westward through South- ern New Mexico to Sonora; and in Southern Florida (Garber, 1879).

_ oad = __ ete 2 eth

Sse ee

Se see ears

+=

See

asin catiPi

pepe

F5

aa ES 7;

SE oe tS

it -

— ee

Pon

Genel in Soutl

186.

South A lars

187,

South A smg¢

188.

Weste and sou Mexico,

Wood nails, &

A sma trunk 2 : the larg

190.

South west inte Wood construc A meé 2 to 3 fee tion in 1 extensiv

191.

4

° Along of Ontar 6

41

Generally a shrub, 6 to 10 feet in height; but as seen by Dr. Garber in Southern Florida, a small tree, sometimes 20 feet in height.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

186. Ficus aurea, Nutt.

Southern Florida, Key West, Indian River (Palmer), Miami (Garber) A large tree.

187, Ficus brevifolia, Nutt.

Southern Florida, Key West, Miami (Garber). A small tree.

188. Ficus pedunculata, Ait.

Southern Florida, and common in the West Indies. A large tree.

189. Morus rubra, L.

M. Canadensis, Lam. RED MULBERRY.

Western Vermont, Western Massachusetts, Long Island, New York, and south to Florida; west to Dakota, Kansas, Western Texas, New Mexico, and Chihuahua.

Wood yellowish, heavy, exceedingly durable; valuable for posts, tree- nails, &c.; formerly somewhat employed in ship-building.

A small or medium-sized tree, sometimes 70 feet in height, with a trunk 2 feet in diameter, or in the far Southwest reduced to a shrub; the large, dark purple fruit sweet and edible.

190. Maclura aurantiaca, Nutt. OSAGE ORANGE. BOIS D’ARC.

Southwestern Missouri, south to Natchitoches County, Louisiana, and west into the Indian Territory and Eastern Texas.

Wood yellow, solid, heavy, elastic, exceedingly durable; valuable for construction, railway ties, fence posts, &ec.

A medium-sized tree; sometimes 50 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter. Very common, and attaining its greatest perfec- tion in the rich bottom lands of the Red and Kiamesha Rivers; now extensively planted as a hedge plant, especially in the Western States,

PLATANACE.

191, Platanus occidentalis, L. AMERICAN PLANE TREE. SYCAMORE. BUTTONWOOD. Along the northern shores of Lakes Ontario and Erie in the Province

of Ontario; Northern Vermont, Southern Maine, Eastern New Hamp- 6

shire, a Kansas Woo liable t

The ] sions i where § in dia

192.

In So A lar

194. J.

Valle: cisco, C: in Sono!

A lar;

195. ° J. ¢ J. ¢

North to Nortl South, ¢

Wood polish, \

A smé pared fr

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 42:

shire, and Massachusetts; south to Florida; west to Eastern Nebraska, Kansas, and Texas (Devil River Valley, Bigelow).

Wood not durable when exposed to the weather, reddish, close-grained, liable to warp, very unwedgable.

The largest tree of the Atlantic forests, reaching its greatest dimen- sions in the rich bottom lands bordering the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, where specimens occur 80 to 100 feet in height, with trunks 10 to 14 feet in diameter.

192. Platanus racemosa, Nuit.

Sacramento Valley to Southern California and Arizona. Wood said to be more valuable than that of the last species. A large tree, sometimes 100 feet in height.

198. Platanus Wrightii, Watson, Proc. Am. Acad. x, 349.

In Southeastern Arizona, near the San Pedro River. A large tree (Wright).

JUGLANDACE.X.

194. ‘Jugilans Californica, Watson, Proc. Am, Acad. x, 349, J. rupestris, var. major, Torr. in Sitgr. Rep. 171, t. 16.

Valley of the Sacramento River, and in the neighborhood of San Fran- cisco, California; eastward through Southern Arizona, New Mexico; and in Sonora.

A large shrub, or sometimes a tree 40 to 60 feet in height.

195. ° Juglans cinerea, L. J. oblonga, Mill. J. cathartica, Mich. f. BUTTERNUT. WHITE WALNUT.

Northern shores of Lakes Erie and Ontario, Northern Vermont; south to Northern Alabama, and west to Missouri and Arkansas. Rare at the South, except along the mountains.

Wood brownish, light, soft, easily worked, susceptible of a beautiful polish, very durable; extensively used in cabinet-making.

A small or medium-sized tree; a tincture used as a cathartic is pre- pared from the inner bark, which also yields a valuable dye.

196.

Southe1 south to J tory, and

Wood ¢ polish, ve cabinet

A tree, the first e of the M scarce.

197. Devil’s

Arizona, A shru

198.

Canada Northern Wood valuable | manufact specifie g

A medi in diamet the most

Carya ? tion be f occurs fre of Georgi

199.

Jugla Jugla

Canada ern Nebr: Wood ' and in ev A sma: thin-shell

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES, 43

196. Juglans nigra, L. BLACK WALNUT.

Southern portions of the Province of Ontario, Western Vermont; south to Florida; west to Eastern Nebraska, Kansas, the Indian Terri- tory, and Eastern Texas.

Wood dark brown, light, soft, easily worked, susceptible of a beautiful polish, very durable; its specific gravity .577; more extensively used in cabinet-‘making and for gun-stocks than that of any other American tree.

A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 4 to 6 feet in diameter; of the first economic value. Rare at the east; most common in the valley of the Mississippi and its tributaries; but now everywhere becoming scarce.

197. Juglans rupestris, Engelm. Bot. Sitgr. Rep. 171, t. 15.

Devil’s River, Western Texas; Southern Arizona, and Walnut Grove, Arizona, A shrub, or small tree, sometimes 20 feet in height.

198. Carya alba, Nutt. SHELL-BARK HICKORY. SHAG-BARK HICKORY.

Canada; York County, Maine, to the upper districts of Georgia, and Northern Alabama; west to Eastern Nebraska, Kansas, and Arkansas.

Wood very heavy, strong, tenacious, elastic; furnishing the most valuable fire-wood of the Atlantic forests; extensively employed in the manufacture of agricultural implements, carriages, baskets, &c.; its specific gravity .838.

A medium-sized tree, 50 to 70 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 5 feet in diameter; of the first economic value, producing, next to the Pecan, the most highly esteemed of North American nuts.

Carya microcarpa (Nutt. Gen. ii. 221), will probably on further investiga- tion be found not specifically distinct from this species, with which it occurs from Pennsylvania and Delaware, south to the upper districts of Georgia.

199. Carya amara, Nutt. Juglans angustifolia, Lam. Dict. iv. 504. Juglans. amara, Michx. BITTER NUT. SWAMP HICKORY. WHITE HICKORY.

Canada and Northern Vermont, south to Florida, and west to East- ern Nebraska, Kansas, and Eastern Texas.

Wood with the general characteristics of the last species, but lighter, and in every way less valuable.

A small or medium-sized tree; generally in low grounds; the nut thin-shelled, exceedingly bitter, not edible.

200. Juglan

North Cz Southern 4

Wood p! species of

A small

201. Juglan

& South (Ravenel), A small

202. Juglan Juglar Juglan C. gla

Canada

Eastern T Wood v A large

208. WESTER

Lancast Heart w A large tains; mo thick-shell

204.

Canada ern Nebré Wood r A medi of stream large, thit River, Ne

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

200. Carya aquatica, Nutt. Juglans aquatica, Michx. WATER HICKORY.

North Carolina, in the low districts, to Florida, and Alabama ; and in Southern Arkansas ?

Wood probably of little value in comparison with that of the other species of the genus.

A small tree, 30 to 50 feet in height; in low swamps.

201. Carya myristiceformis, Nutt. Juglans myristiceformis, Michx. NUTMEG HICKORY.

“South Carolina, at Goose Creek” (Michaux), “ Berkeley District”’ (Ravenel), and in Western Louisiana. A small tree; in swamps or low ground.

202, Carya porcina, Nutt. Juglans glabra, Wang. Juglans porcina, Michx.f, Juglans obcordata, Willd. C. glabra, Torr. & Gray. PIG NUT. BROWN HICKORY.

Canada to Southern Florida, west to Eastern Nebraska, Kansas, and Eastern Texas.

Wood very similar to that of Carya alba.

A large or medium-sized tree; in dry uplands.

208. - Carya sulcata, Nutt. WESTERN SHELL-BARK HICKORY. THICK SHELL-BARK HICKORY. Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and west to Eastern Kansas. Heart wood lighter colored, but similar to that of Carya alba. A large tree in rich bottom lands. Rare east of the Alleghany Moun-

tains; more common in the valley of the Mississippi River; the large thick-shelled nuts sweet and edible.

204. Carya tomentosa, Nutt. MOCKER NUT. WHITE-HEART HICKORY.

Canada and Northern New England, south to Florida; west to East. ern Nebraska and Arkansas.

Wood resembling that of the last species.

A medium-sized tree; in dry uplands, or more rarely along the banks of streams in deep and often submerged soils; a fine variety, bearing large, thin-shelled, valuable nuts, is known in the valley of the Genesee River, New York, as ‘ King Nut.”

205.

Sacramet A shrub. with a diam

206.

Californi: occasional. “A large to 21 feet, a spread 0: occurring a

207.

Southwe: latitude of the northe Florida, an

Wood lis ity .662; 1. cabinet-mal preferred t facture of : piles, posts

A large 1 eter; of th American |

208.

Marylan Eastern Te

Wood to

A small ponds.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES,

MYRICACE.

205. Myrica Californica, Cham. & Schl.

Sacramento River, California, north to Washington Territory. A shrub or small tree, “sometimes attaining a height of 30 to 40 feet, with a diameter at base of two feet or more.”—( Watson, Bot. Cal. ii. 81, ined.

CUPULIFER.

208. Quercus agrifolia, Née. ENCENO.

California, near the coast, principally south of San Francisco, and occasionally reaching Mendocino County.

“A large tree, with a stout, low trunk, often 8 to 12 feet, sometimes 16 to 21 feet, in circumference (base of Monte Diablo, Brewer), and with a spread of branches of 120 feet”—(Engelm. in Bot. Cal. ii. 98, ined.); also occurring as a small shrub.

207%, Quercus alba, L. WHITE OAK.

Southwestern Nova Scotia, Southern New Brunswick, Canada in the latitude of Quebec (rare), and west along the Manitoulin Islands, and the northern shore of Lake Michigan to Wisconsin; south to Northern Florida, and west to Western Missouri, Arkansas, and Eastern Texas.

Wood light-colored, strong, heavy, elastic, durable; its specific grav- ity .662; largely employed in ship-building, construction of all sorts, cabinet-making, cooperage, for which purpose and basket-making it is preferred to all other American woods; also very largely in the manu- facture of agricultural implements, carriages, &c., and for railway ties, piles, posts, and fuel.

A large tree, 60 ta 30 feet in height, with a trunk 6 to 8 feet in diam- eter; of the very first economic value, and superior to all other North American Oaks in the quality and value of its wood.

208. Quercus aquatica, Nutt. WATER OAK.

Maryland, and Sebastian County, Arkansas, south to Florida and Eastern Texas.

Wood tough, but probably of little value.

A small tree, 30 to 50 feet in height; in low ground, along streams and ponds.

209.

Q. Prin Q. Prin

Canada, 1 ern States, Eastern Ne quereur),.

Wood sai

A large t feet in cire and along s

val

Q. Prin

Q. Mich From Del In low g

210. TURK

North Ca A small ° rens, near t

211. Q. Phel

North Ca A small the bark yi

212,

Q. fulve Q. crass

Californi: the Sierra ] A large t to a shrul vacciniifolic

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES,

209. Querous bicolor, Willd.

Q@. Prinus, var, tomentosa, Michx. Q. Prinus, var, discolor, Michx.f,

SWAMP WHITE OAK.

Canada, Northern Vermont, and Wisconsin, south through the North- ern States, and along the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia; west to Eastern Nebraska and Arkansas (“bottoms of the Washita River,” Les- quereux),

Wood said to equal that of the White Oak.

A large tree, with a trunk sometimes, although rarely, exceeding 30 feet in circumference (“ Wadsworth oak,” Geneseo, N. Y.); in swamps and along streams, in deep alluvial soil.

var. Michauxii, Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. 390, Q. Prinus palustris, Michx. Q. Michauzii, Nutt.

From Delaware and Southern Illinois, south to Northern Florida. In low ground.

210. Quercus Catesbei, Michx. TURKEY OAK. SCRUB OAK. FORKED-LEAF BLACK JACK. North Carolina to Florida and Southern Alabama.

A small tree, rarely exceeding 25 feet in height; only in sandy bar- rens, near the coast.

211. Quercus cinerea, Michx.

Q. Phellos, var. cinerea, Spach. UPLAND WILLOW OAK. BLUE JACK. North Carolina to Florida and Eastern Texas, near the coast.

A small tree, rarely exceeding 30 feet in height; in sandy barrens; the bark yielding a yellow dye.

212. Quercus chrysolepis, Liebm.

Q. fulvescens, Kellogg. Q. crassipocula, Torr.

CALIFORNIA LIVE OAK.

California, in the Coast Ranges and along the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada.

A large tree, 3 to 5 feet in diameter; or, at higher elevations, reduced to a shrub, [var.? vacciniifolia, Engeim. Trans, St. Louis Acad. iii. 393, Q. vacciniifolia, Kellogg].

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Qo N G NI G

4

218.

Easte and in ] The rai deeply-eu

214. Q.

Califo Coast I region.

oA Y Mounta 5 to 7 fe

215.

Calif and Mc “Tt } its size seen b in Bot. C

Com Arizon

A sn

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

218. Quercus coccinea, Wang. SCARLET OAK.

Eastern Massachusetts, southward near the coast, in light sandy soils ;

and in Minnesota (Hngelmann). The range of this species, often confounded with the forms of Q. tinctoria with deeply-cut leaves, is still obscure, and especially deserves the attention of botaaists.

214. Quercus densiflora, Hook. & Arn.

Q. echinacca, Torr.

California, “from the Santa Lucia Mountains (Palmer), through the Coast Ranges, and especially among the Red Woods, to the Shasta region. :

“A pretty large tree, 50 to 60, or rarely 80, feet high (Santa Cruz Mountains, Brewer), and a foot or two in diameter; often a mere shrub, 5 to 7 feet high.”—(Engelm. in Bot. Cal. ii. 99, ined.)

215. Quercus Douglasii, Hook. & Arn. MOUNTAIN WHITE OAK. BLUE OAK.

California, “in dry fuothills of the Coast Ranges, from Monte Diablo and Mount Oso to Sacramento Valley.

“It resembles a middle-sized White Oak of the Eastern States in its size, pale, scaly bark, and quality of its timber. The largest tree seen by Professor Brewer has a circumference of 7 feet.”—(Hngelm. in Bot. Cal. ii. 95, ined.)

216. Quercus dumosa, Nutt. Q. berberidifolia, Liebm. Q. acutidens, Torr.

California, ‘common in the cafions and on the.arid slopes of the Coast Ranges from San Diego to San Francisco Bay; the variety (var. bullata, Engelm) in the Santa Lucia Mountains (Brewer) and northward te Lake County (Dr. Torrey).”—( Engelmann in Bot. Cal. ii. 96, ined.)

217. = - Quercus Emoryi, Torr. Q. hastata, Liebm. Comal County, Texas, through Southern New Mexico to Rocky Caiion, Arizona (Rothrock). A small tree, or often a shrub.

New

most ¢ trict it Woo employ} A la eter; i

any 08

66 Sa 1874 )

cA rock in Whe

Nev distric

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

Quercus falcata, Michx.

Q. elongata, Willd.

Q. discolor, var. foliata, Spach. Q. triloba, Michx.

Q. falcata, var. triloba, DC.

SPANISH OAK.

New Jersey to Missouri, and south to Florida and Eastern Texas; most common in the Southern Atlantic States, where in the middle dis- trict it is the most prevalent forest tree.

Wood reddish, coarse-grained, not durable, of little value; somewhat employed in cooperage.

A large tree, often 80 feet in height, with a trunk 4 to 5 feet in diam- eter; its bark rich in tannin. ;

219. Quercus Garryana, Doug). Q. Newi, Liebm.

Vancouver Island and British Columbia, south to San Francisco Bay, near the coast. Wood hard, brittle, probably of little value.

A large tree, 70 to 100 feet in height; extending farther north than any oak of the Pacific forest.

220. Quercus heterophylla, Michx.

Q. aquatica, var. heterophylla, DC. : Q. Phellos x coccinea, Engelm. Trans, St. Louis Acad. iii, 385, 391, 541.

New Jersey, near Camden, Haddonfield, Mount Holly, and in Cape May County; Delaware, near Townsend Station and Wilmington; North Carolina (M.A. Curtis in Herb. Canby.); Eastern Texas (LH. Hall).

A small tree, of uncertain origin.

221. Quercus hypoleuca, Engelm. Q. confertifolia, Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 207 [not HBK}.

‘‘Sanoita Valley, Southern Arizona, at 7,000 feet altitude (Rothrock, 1874); also found in the San Francisco Mountains.

‘A very conspicuous and as yet little known species, which Dr. Roth- rock found 30 feet in height and 1 foot in diameter.”—(Engelm. in Wheeler Rep. vi. 251.)

Quercus imbricaria, Michx. SHINGLE OAK, LAUREL OAK.

New Jersey, south along the Alleghany Mountains, and in the upper districts to Georgia; west to Wisconsin and the Indian Territory.

Wood b A smal! Alleghan:

Califor Sierra Ne fornia oal

A large

foothills; mountair “A ma with a wi the grou: “The v

226. OV

North Arkansa:

Canad vania; W q

CATALOGUE OF ‘FOREST TREES. 49

Wood hard and heavy, but probably of little value except as fuel. A small tree, sometimes 59 feet in height. Most common west of the Alleghany Mountains.

228. Quercus Kelloggii, Newberry, Pacif. R. Rep. vi. 286, 6.

Q. rubra, Benth. Pl. Hartw. 337. Q. tinctoria, var. Californica, Torr. Q. Sonomensis, Benth. ; DC. Prodr. xvi*. 62.

California, in the Coast Ranges, and along the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada, reaching a higher elevation than any other of the Cali- fornia oaks.

A large tree, or often at high elevations reduced to a small shrub.

224. Quercus laurifolia, Michx.

Q. aquatica, var. laurifolia, DC. Q. Phellos, var. laurifolia, Chap.

LAUREL OAK.

North Carolina, in the middle and lower districts, south to Florida. A large tree.

225. Quercus lobata, Née.

Q. Hindsii, Benth. Bot. Sulph. 55. Q. Ransomi, Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. i. 25?

California, “common throughout the State, in the plains or in the foothills; or in the southern part of the State somewhat higher in the mountains.

“A majestic tree, sometimes 15 to 20 feet in girth, 100 feet high, and with a wider spread of branches” (Brewer), which often hang down to the ground.

“The wood is said to be brittle.” (Hngelm. Bot. Cal. ii. 95, ined.)

226. Quercus lyrata, Walt. OVER-CUP OAK. SWAMP POST OAK. WATER WHITE OAK.

North Carolina and the valley of the lower Ohic; south to Florida, Arkansas (rare), and Eastern Texas.

Wood moderately compact and resembling, though inferior to, that of Q. alba.

A large tree; in deep and often submerged swamps. Not common.

227. Quercus macrocarpa, Michx. Q. olivaformis, Michx. Q. macrocarpa, var. oliveformis, Gray.

BURR OAK. MOSSY-CUP WHITE OAK. OVER-CUP OAK. Canada and Northern Vermont, south to Lancaster County, Pennsy]-

vania; west to Wisconsin, Eastern Nebraska, and Kansas, — 7 ;

Wood | A large diameter.

River, Lu Arkansas Mountain Wood posts, &e A smal

Long I braska, tl

A smal soil.

230.

Mounte geles; an “ The y feet in d (Engelm.,

231.

Wester Island, ai Wisconsi:

Wood «

A medi

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 50

Wood probably of little value, except as fuel. A large tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 4 to over 8 feet in diameter. Not common east of the Alleghany Mountains.

228. Quercus Muhlenbergii, Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii, 391.

Q. castanea, Muhl. ap. Willd. Q. Prinus, var, acuminata, Michx.

Perrysburg, Vermont, near Newburg, New York, on the Conestoga River, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and west to Eastern Nebraska, Arkansas, and the Indian Territory. Very common westof the Alleghany Mountains, and extending south to Western Florida and Mississippi.

Wood compact, strong, very durable ; largely used for railway ties, posts, &c.

A small or medium-sized tree.

229. Quercus nigra, L. Q. ferruginea, Michx.f. . Q. quinqueloba, Engelm. Q. nigra, var. quinqueloba, A.DC.

BLACK JACK OAK. BARREN OAK.

Long Island, New York, south to Florida, and west to Eastern Ne- braska, the Indian Territory, and Eastern Texas.

A small tree, rarely exceeding 25 feet in height; in gravelly, barren soil.

230. Quercus oblongifolia, Torr. . EVERGREEN WHITE OAK. LIVE OAK.

Mountains of Southwestern California, from San Diego to Los An- geles; and in Chihuahua.

“The wood is said to be hard, but brittle. A beautiful tree, 2 to 24 feet in diameter (Brewer), with the aspect of the eastern Live Oak.” (Engelm., Bot. Cal. ii. 97, ined. )

231. Quercus palustris, DuRoi. PIN OAK. SWAMP SPANISH OAK.

Western Massachusetts? (Emerson), New Haven, Connecticut, Long Island, and south to the District of Columbia; west and southwest to Wisconsin, Eastern Nebraska, Kansas, and Eastern Texas.

Wood coarse-grained, moderately strong, not durable. A medium-sized tree; in low ground.

232, Quercus Phellos, 1. WILLOW OAK.

Long Island, New York, south to Florida, generally near the coast ; and from Kentucky to Alabama, Arkansas, and Eastern Texas.

Won fellies o A me cool sit

Vern Livings Allegh:

norther Florida Americ

Can: Alabat sas (ra

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES, 61

Wood reddish, coarse-grained, not durable; sometimes used for the fellies of wheels, but of little . alue.

A medium-sized tree; generally along the borders of swamps, in low, cool situations.

233. Quercus Prinus, L. Q. Prinus, var. monticola, Michx. Q. montana, Willd.

CHESTNUT OAK. ROCK CHESTNUT OAK.

Vermont, shores of Lake Champlain, to the valley of the Genesee River, Livingston County, New York; south through the whole length of the Alleghany Mountains, and rarely eastward to the coast; in the mountains of Kentucky and Tennessee.

Wood reddish, porous, strong, somewhat employed in construction, cooperr 7%, &c., although inferior to white oak.

A large or medium-sized tree.

234. Quercus rubra, L RED OAK.

Northern Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, valley of the Saint Lawrence, northern shore of Lake Huron, western shore of Lake Superior, south to Florida, and Eastern Texas; the most widely distributed of the North American oaks, extending farther north than any species of the Atlantic forests.

Wood varying remarkably in different localities; at the east reddish, porous, light, not durable, principally employed in cooperage; tn North- ern Wisconsin and Minnesota heavier, durable, compact, and quite gen- erally used in construction.

A large tree. Very common in all rich woodlands.

235. Quercus stellata, Wang. Q. obtusiloba, Michx. Q. Durandii ?, Buckley. POST OAK. Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts, south to Florida; west to Missouri, Nebraska, Kansus, and Eastern Texas. Wood resembling and probably equaling that of Q. alba. A small or medium-sized tree, rarely exceeding 50 feet in height.

236. Quercus tinctoria, Bartram.

Q. nigra, Marsh. [not L.] Q. velutina, Lam. Q. coccinea, var. tinctoria, Gray.

BLACK OAK. YELLOW-BARKED OAK. Canada and Northern New England, south to Tallapoosa County,

Alabama, and west to Wisconsin, Eastern Nebraska, and Eastern Kan- sas (rare).

iin re 2 Set ee ees

ees

eo

Badgoe.

hi HH i

» value

37,

Sabian va Bot. St

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 52

Wood close-grained, strong, durable, and probably superior to that of the other North American Black Oaks; employed in the manufacture of carriages, cooperage, construction, &c.

A large tree, 80 to 100 feet in height, with a trunk often 4 to 5 feet in diameter; the bark rich in tannin; the intensely bitter inner bark yields » valuable yellow dye. Very common in all the Atlantic forests.

87. Quercus undulata, Torr. ROCKY MOUNTAIN SCRUB OAK.

Eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado from Denver south- ward, through New Mexico into Western Texas; west through Utah aid Arizona into Southern California.

A small tree, or often a shrub running into innumerable forms, of wiich the best marked are:

var. Gambelii, Engelm. (Q. Gambelii, Nutt., and Q. Drummondii, Liebm.), var. Jamesii, Engelm. var. Wrightii, Engelm. var. breviloba, Engelm. (Q. obtusiloba, var. breviloba, Torr.; Q. San Sabina, Buckley *). var. oblongata, Engelm. (Q. oblongifolia, Torr. in Bot. Mex. Bound. 206 [not Bot. Stgr. |) ‘Var, grisea, Engelm. (Q. grisea, Liebm.). wr. pungens, Engelm. (Q. pungens, Liebm.), See Ingelmann in Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. 372, 382, 392, and Bot. Cal. ii. 96, ined

238, Quercus virens, Ait. Q sempervirens, Ait, Q oleoides, Cham. & Schl. Q. retusa, Liebm. LIVE OAK.

Mob Jack Bay, Virginia, south to Florida, near the coast; west along the Gulf coast to Mexico; in Texas penetrating to the high plateau north of San Antonio (Hngelmann in Pl. Lindh. ii. 237), where it might without fruit be easily confounded with Q. Emoryi.

Wood yellowish, very heavy, compact, fine-grained, strong, and dura ble; largely employed in ship-building, for which purpose it is preferred to all other North American woods.

A tree, 50 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk 4 to 7 feet in diameter; of the firit. economic value; or reduced to a shrub (var. maritima and den- tata, Clapman; Q. maritima, Willd.); the bark rich in tannin.

289. Quercus Wislizeni, A.DC. Q. forehus, Kellogg.

Califoriia, “common in the valleys and in the lower mountains throughoit the State, and ascending into the Sierra Nevada.” The

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 53

variety (var. frutescens, Engelm.) is the “ Desert Oak” of the southeastern desert region, ranging northward to Mount Shasta.

“A magnificent tree, with very dense dark-green and shining foliage; sometimes 10 to 12 and even 18 feet in circumference (Shasta, Brewer), and 50 to 60 feet high.” (Zngelm, in Bot. Cal. ii. 98, ined.)

The following North American shrubby species do not properly find a place in this catalogue:

Q. Breweri, Engelm. in Bot. Cal. ii. 96, ined. (Q. lobata, var. fruticosa, Engelm.) Western slopes of high Sierra Nevada, California.

Q. Georgiana, M. A. Curtis. Stone Mountain, Georgia.

Q. myrtifolia, Willd. (Q. Phellos, var. arenaria, Chapman).

Q. aquatica, var. myrtifolia, a.pc. Sea coast, South Carvlina to Florida,

Q@ ilicifolia, Wang. (Q. Banisteri, Michx.). New England to Ohio and

‘ southward.

Q. prinoides, Willd. (Q. Prinus pumila, Michx.; Q. Prinus Chinquapin, Michx. f., A.DC,; (. Chinquapin, Pursh.), New England to Arkansas.

Q. pumila, Nutt, (Q. Phellos, var. pumila, Michx.; Q. cinerea, var. pumila, Chap.), and var. sericea, Engelm (Q. sericea, Willd.; P. Phellos, var. sericea, Ait.). Pine barrens of South Carolina.

Q. reticulata, HBK. Southern Arizona and Mexico.

240, Castanopsis chrysophylla, a.Dc.

Castanea chrysophylla, Hook. C. sempervirens, Kellogg.

CHINQUAPIN.

Western Oregon and California, along the western flank of the Sierra Nevada, and in the Coast Ranges south to Santa Cruz.

A tree, 30 to 50 feet in height, in the Cascade Mountains, or in Cali- fornia often a low shrub.

241. Castanea pumila, Mill. Fagus pumila, L. CHINQUAPIN.

Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; Marietta, Ohio; south and south- west to Florida, Arkansas, the Indian Territory, and Eastern Texas.

Wood strong, compact, even-grained, very durable.

A shrub, or in the southern Alleghany Mountains, Florida, and Arkangas a tree, 50 to 50 feet in height, with a trunk often 18 inches in diameter ; the sweet fruit smaller than that of the next species.

=

a i

C..

Nortl Hampsl south we in Tenn

Wood but diffi making.

A lar; superior

243. Far

Nova Lawren and Mic

Wood close-gr employe ery; use

A lars sippi Ri

244.

rence an Huron, 1 County, Wood A sma than 12 |

245. C. 4 AMERIC!

Northe Saint La

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

242, Castanea vulgaris, Lam., var. Americana, A. DO. Prodr. xvi?. 114.

Fajus Castanea, L. C. vesca, Gertn., var. Americana, Michx. C. Americana, Raf.

Northern shores of Lakes Erie and Ontario, Southern Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont; south to Western Florida, and west and southwest to Michigan and Arkansas; reaching its greatest development in Tennessee, along the western slopes of the Alleghany Mountains,

Wood light-colored, coarse-grained, moderately strong, very durable, but difficult to season and liable to warp; largely employed in cabinet- making, and for railway ties, posts, fencing, &c.

A large tree; of the first economic value; the fruit, although smaller, superior in sweetness and flavor to that of the European chestnut.

2483. Fagus ferruginea, Ait. Fagus sylvistris, Michx. AMERICAN BEECH.

Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, through the valley of the Saint Lawrence and Ottawa Rivers, and the northern shores of Lakes Huron and Michigan to Missouri and Minnesota; south to Florida and Arkansas.

Wood light-colored or reddish, varying greatly with soil and location, close-grained, compact, heavy, and susceptible of a beautiful polish ; employed in the manufacture of shoe-lasts, handles of tools and in turn- ery; used largely as fuel.

A large tree. Very common in all northern forests east of the Missis- sippi River, and in those of the southern Alleghany Mountains.

244. : Ostrya Virginica, Willd. Carpinus Ostrya, L. Carpinus Virginiana, Lam. O. Americana, Michx. O. vulgaris, Watson. Carpinus triflora, Meench.

Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, through the valleys of the Saint Law rence and the lower Ottawa Rivers, along the northern shores of Lake Huron, to Northern Wisconsin; south to Florida, and west to Fremont County, lowa, Missouri, and Arkansas.

Wood white, compact, fine- grained, very heavy, durable.

A small tree, rarely exceeding 40 feet in height, or with a trunk more than 12 to 15 inches in diameter.

245. Carpinus Caroliniana, Walt. C. Americana, Michx. AMERICAN HORNBEAM. BLUE BEECH. WATER BEECH. IRON WOOD.

Northern Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, through the valley of the Saint Lawrence and lower Ottawa Rivers, along the northern shores of

southern a trunk 2

River sou

Wood polish ; e cently lat

A smal gravelly . on aband

CHERRY

Nova § nois, and

Wood of a brilli and excel

A med:

55

Lake Huron to Northern Wisconsin and Minnesota; south to Florida and Eastern Texas.

Wood resembling that of Ostrya.

At the North generally a shrub or small tree, but becoming, in the southern Alleghany Mountains, a tree sometimes 50 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES,

BETULACE..

246. Betula alba, L., var. populifolia, Spach.

B. poputlifolia, Willd. B. acuminata, Ehrh. B. cuspidata, Schrad.

WHITE BIRCH.

OLD FIELD BIRCH. GRAY BIRCH.

New Brunswick, and from the valley of the lower Saint Lawrence River south to Delaware, near the coast.

Wood white, moderately hard, close-grained, susceptible of a good polish ; extensively manufactured into spools, shoé-pegs, &c., and re- cently largely exported.

A small tree, rarely exceeding 20 to 30 feet in height; in dry and gravelly soil, or on the borders of swamps; springing up everywhere on abandoned land in New England.

247. Betula lenta, L. B. carpinifolia, Ehrh. . B. lenta, Regel in DC. Prodr. xvi?. 179, in part.

CHERRY BIRCH. BLACK BIRCH. SWEET BIRCH. MAHOGANY BIRCH.

Nova Scotia, Canada, and through the Northern States; west to Illi- nois, and south along the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia.

Wood reddish, close-grained, compact, moderately hard, susceptible of a brilliant polish ; furnishing a valuable material for cabinct-making, and excellent fuel.

A medium-sized tree.

Common at the North in rich woodlands.

248. Betula lutee, Michx.f.

B. excelsa, Pursh [not Ait. ] B. lenta, Regel in DC. Prodr. xvi?. 179, in part.

YELLOW BIRCH. GRAY BIRCH.

Newfoundland to the western shore of Lake Superior, through the New England and Northwestern States, and south along the Alleghany Mountains to the high peaks of North Carolina,

Wood resembling, and perhaps surpassing, that of the last species

The lat New Eng diameter,

249.

Banks ¢ Counties, Tallapoos: Texas.

A medi

250.

Califorr Valley, at as abundé fencing al and comr ‘Black B katchewal Bot. Cal. ii,

251.

Latitud Northern Eastern i

Wood w extensi vel and now |]

A large latitude th durable b and is lar;

(

Newfou land, Wisc

Wood h: in Northe

A shru ground.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 56

The largest deciduous tree of the forests of Canada and Northern, New England, not rarely 80 feet in height, with a trunk 3 to 4 feet in diameter.

249. Betula nigra, L. RED BIRCH. RIVER BIRCH.

Banks of the Merrimac and Spicket Rivers, in Middlesex and Essex Counties, Massachusetts, and from New Jersey south to Florida and Tallapoosa County, Alabama; west to Missouri, Arkansas, and Eastern Texas. :

A medium-sized tree ; along the borders of streams and ponds.

250. Betula occidentalis, Hook.

California, ‘in the eastern caiions of the Sierra Nevada, above Owen’s Valley, at an altitude of trom 4,500 to 10,000 feet, where it is reported as abundant and often the main reliance of the settlers for timber for fencing and other purposes; Surprise Valley, Modoc County (Lemmon), and common along streams in Siskiyou County, where it is known as ‘Black Birch.’ It is frequent from Washington Territory to the Sas- katchewan and in the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico.” (Watson, Bot. Cal. ii. 79, ined.)

251. Betula papyracea, Ait. CANOE BIRCH. WHITE BIRCH. PAPER BIRCH.

Latitude 65° N. (Richardson), south through British America and the Northern States to the mountains of Pennsylvania; west to Minnesota, Eastern Nebraska, and Dakota?; most common at the North.

Wood white, compact, moderately hard, furnishing an excellent fuel ; extensively employed in the manufacture of spools, shoe-lasts, pegs, &c., and now largely exported.

A large tree, as far north as Hudson’s Bay, and extending to a higher latitude than any deciduous tree of the Atlantic forests; the very tough, durable bark, is easily separated into thin layers impervious to water, and is largely used in the construction of canoes, tents, &c.

252. Alnus incana, Willd. SPECKLED ALDER. HOARY ALDER. BLACK ALDER.

Newfoundland to the Saskatchewan, and south to northern New Eng- land, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Nebraska ; and in Europe.

Wood hard and heavy; furnishing fuel preferred and largely employed in Northern New England for the final baking of bricks. —

A surub, or sometimes a small tree; along streams and in swampy ground,

From (Palmer 30 feet 50 feet i 80, ined.)

Sitka. hood of A tre

257.

Great the Nev A sir ground var

war

57

var. virescens, Watson (Bot. Cal. ii. 81, ined.) extends from Oregon east to the Rocky Mountains, and south to the southern Sierra Nevada and New Mexico.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

Alnus maritima, Muhl. SEA-SIDE ALDER.

Delaware and Eastern Maryland; and in Japan? A small tree, sometimes 20 feet in height ; along streams.

254. Alnus oblongifolia, Torr.

Banks of the Mimbres River, and near Santa Barbara, New Mexico ; Arizona; in the Cayumaca Mountains, San Diego County, and in the San Bernardino Mountains, California; also in Northern Mexico.

A tree, sometimes 80 feet in height with a trunk 2 or 3 feet in diame- ter.

255. Alnus rhombifolia, Nutt.

From Oregon to Southern California; at San Felipe, California (Palmer), known as White Alder. “The common California Alder, 20 to 30 feet in height, and 2 to 3 in diameter, according to Bolander; 30 to 50 feet in height (Peckham); bark light ash gray.”—( Watson, Bot. Cal. ii. 80, ined.)

256. f Alnus rubra, Bongard.

Sitka, south to Santa Barbara, California; common in the neighbor- hood of San Francisco. A tree, 30 to 40 feet in height.

SALICACE. 257. _ Salix cordata, Muhl.

Great Slave Lake, Saskatchewan, and Lake Winipeg; south through the New England States to the District of Columbia. A small tree, rarely 20 feet in height; along streams and in wet ground; running into many forms of which the best marked are :— var. rigida, Gray (S. rigida, Muhl. 8. Torreyana, Barratt), war. angustata, Anders. (S. angustata, Pursh),

258. Salix levigata, Bebb.

California, Sierra County, and from the valley of the Sacramento River to San Diego. 8

Britis Califorr T3 A ti Cal. ii. 84 var Anders. ). var. riana, 4 Sierra }

Mack the Nev A shi streams

the vall ifornia ;

A sm inches |

58

“ An erect pyramidal tree, 15 to 50 feet high, growing in bottom lands near streams; trunk straight, a foot or two in diameter, with fissured dark brown bark.”—(0. L. Anderson, in Bot. Cal. ii. 84, ined,)

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

259. Salix lasiandra, Benth.

S. Hoffmanniona, Hook. & Arn. S. speciosa, Nutt, S. arguta, var. lasiandra, Anders,

British Columbia, and south to the valley of tlie Sacramento River, California. “A tree, 20 to 60 feet high, growing along streams.”—( Bebb, in Bot. Cal. ii. 84, ined.) var. lancifolia, Bebb. (8. lancifolia, Anders. 8. lucida, var. macrophylla, Anders.), With the species. var. Fendleriana, Bebb (S. pentandra, var. caudata, Nutt. §. Fendle- riana, Anders. S. arguta, Anders.), Colorado, New Mexico, and in the Sierra Nevada of Central California.

260. Salix lucida, Muhl. SHINING WILLOW.

Mackenzie River, in latitude 65° north, through British America and the New England States, south to Chester County, Pennsylvania.

A shrub or small tree, rarely exceeding 20 to 25 feet in height; along streams.

261. Salix nigra, Marsh.

S. ambigua, Pursh.

S. Houstoniana, Pursh:

S. Caroliniana, Michx.

S. falcata, Pursh. (8. Purshiana, Spr. S. nigra, var. falcata, Gray.)

Canada (rare) and Northern Vermont; south to Florida, and west to the valley of the Sacramento River, Clear Lake, and Fort Mohave, Cal- ifornia; most common between the Alleghany and Rocky Mountains.

A small tree, 20 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 10 to 18 inches in diameter.

262. Populus angustifolia, James.

P. Canadensis, var. angustifolia, Wesmael in DC. Prodr., xvi’. 329. ° P. balsamifera, var. angustifolia, Watson, Bot. King Rep. v. 327.

In the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and New Mexico; Central Ari- zona; in the Shoshone Mountains, Central Nevada, and northwestward to the valley of the Columbia River.

Wood considered of little value.

A medium-sized tree.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 59

Populus balsamifera, L. BALSAM POPLAR. TACAMAHAC. BALM OF GILEAD.

Mackenzie River and the Great Slave Lake; south through British America to Northern New England and Wisconsin.

A large tree. Common in Arctic America, and furnishing, according to Dr. Richardson, the greater part of the drift timber on the shores of the Arctic Sea.

var. candicans, Gray (P. candicans, Ait. P. nigra, Catess. P. macro- phylla, Lindl. P. Ontariensis, Desf).

Arctic America to Northern New England, Wisconsin, and Kentucky } west to Colorado and Idaho.

A large tree. Rare in a wild state, although very common in cultiva- tion.

264. Populus Fremontii, Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. x. 350, P. monilifera, Newberry, Pacific R. Rep. vi. 89; Watson, Bot, King Rep. vi. 327.

Valley of the upper Sacramento River, California; eastward in Ne- vada and Southern Utah.

A large tree.

var. Wislizeni, Watson, in Am. Jour, Sci. (3 ser.), xv. 137. (P. monilifera, Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound, 204.)

“The prevalent Cottonwood in the more southern districts, ranging, from San Diego County, California (Jamul Valley, Palmer), and the Colorado Valley (Fort Yuma, Schott), to Southern Utah and the Rio Grande.”—( Watson, Bot. Cal. ii. 92, ined.)

265. Populus grandidentata, Michx.

Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Canada, and through the Northern States; along the Alleghany Mountains to North Carolina, and west to Wisconsin and Iowa. Rare at the South; common at the North.

Wood white, soft, very light; large quantities of the wood of this. species have of late years been ground into pulp in Northern New England and Michigan, and used as a substitute for rags in the manu- facture of paper.

A medium-sized tree, sometimes 70 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 20 to 30 inches in diameter.

266. Populus heterophylla, L. P. argentea, Michx.f. P. heterophylla, var. argentea, Wesmael in DC. Prodr. xvi?. 326. DOWNY POPLAR. COTTON TREE.

Western Massachusetts;? Northport, Long Island, to the valley of the lower Ohio River; south to the Cape Fear River, North Carolina, and Southern Arkansas.

diame

267.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 60

Wood white, soft, probably of little value. A large tree, ofter. 70 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 3 to 4 feet in diameter ; in swamps and along river bottoms. Rare.

267. Populus monilifera, Ait.

P.angulata, Ait.

P. angulosa, Michx.

P. Canadensis, Dest. P. Marylandica, Bose. P, levigata, Willd.

P. glandulosa, Mench.

COTTONWOOD. NECKLACE POPLAR. CAROLINA POPLAR.

Western New England, west to the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Idaho?; south to Florida and Louisiana.

Wood white, soft, of little value.

A large tree, 80 to 100 feet in height, and with a trunk 4 to 8 feet in diameter; the common Cottonwood of the western plains, bordering all streams flowing east from the Rocky Mountains.

268. Populus tremuloides, Michx. AMERICAN ASPEN. QUAKING ASP.

Arctic America, south to the mountains of Pennsylvania, New Mexico, and the valley of the Sacramento River, California. Very common on all the mountain ranges from the Rocky Mountains, west and north, at 6,000 to 10,000 feet elevation, in moist slopes and bottoms. Not yet seen on the high peaks of the southern Alleghany Mountains, to which it might naturally extend.

Wood white, soft, easily worked; esteemed and somewhat used in Utah for flooring and in turnery, and in Northern New England with that of P. grandidentata in the manufacture of paper.

A small tree, sometimes 50 feet in height, with a trunk rarely exceed- ing 18 inches in diameter. The most widely distributed of North Ameri- can trees.

269. Populus trichocarpa, Torr. & Gray.

P. balsamifera, var. y Hook. Flor. Bor. Am. ii. 154. P. balsamifera, var. (?) Californica, Watson, Am. Jour. Sci. (3 ser.) xv. 136.

“San Diego, California, northward to British Columbia, and extend- ing into Western Nevada. According io Douglas it attains in Wash- ington Territory a height of 60 to 100 feet, with a diameter of 2 to 6 feet. It is generally found scattered, or in open spaces along stream banks and in river bottoms at an altitude not exceeding 6,000 feet..— Wateon, Bot. Cal. ii. 91, ined.)

Alon; Won A sm to 3 fee the stm extermi

A shi south t

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

TAXACE..

270. Torreya Californica, Torr. T. Myristica, Muir, Edinb. New Phil. Journal, x. 7, t.3; Bot. Mag. t. 4780. CALIFORNIA NUTMEG.

California, from Mendocino County to Yuba and Mariposa Counties. Wood light-colored, close-grained, compact, heavy, odoriferous, prob- ably valuable.

A tree, 50 to 75 feet in height, with a trunk 1 to 3 feet in diameters. when cut throwing up suckers very freely from the stump.

271. Torreya taxifolia, Arn. STINKING CEDAR.

Along the eastern bank of the Apalachicola River, Middle Florida. Wood exceedingly durable, odoriferous, especially when burned. A small or medium-sized tree, 20 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk 1 to 3 feet in diameter; like the last throwing up suckers when cut from the stump; an exceedingly local species,

extermination.

272. Taxus brevifolia, Nutt.

T. baccata, Hook. F1. Bor. Am. ii. 167, in part.

T. Boursieri, Carriere, Rev. Hort. 1854, 228.

T. Lindleyana, Muir, Edinb. New Phil. Journal, i. 294.

British Columbia, and south to the Sierra Nevada of Central California. Wood reddish, hard, tough, elastic, very heavy, durable, susceptible of a briiliant polish.

In Oregon a tree, 40 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 3 feet in diameter, in California rarely exceeding 20 to 30 feet in height.

278.

Banks of the Apalachicola River, Middle Florida. A small tree, 19 to 20 feet in height; very local, and still imperfectly known.

Taxus Floridana, Nutt.

Taxus baccata, L., var. Canadensis, Gray. (7. Canadensis, Willd.

A shrubby species; common in Canada and the Northeastern States, south to the mountains of Virginia.

Calife River, s Woot A shi var Watson, On al Utah; © Woo ishing 1 A sh exceedi

275. J.

Oreg

In O shrub. val Pike Arizon A sh val “We tree, al Cedar |

276. J. New (75 A 1 cracket 589. )

277,

New ida, an

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

CONIFER.

274. Juniperus Californica, Carriere.

J. Andina, Nutt.?

J, tetragona, var. osteosperma, Torr.

J. Cerrosianus, Kellogg.

J. occidentalis, Parl. in DC. Prodr. xvi?. 489, in part.

California, in the Coast Ranges, from the valley of the Sacramento River, south to San Diego.

Wood light-colored, slightly aromatic, close-grained, moderately heavy.

A shrub or small tree, sometimes 20 to 30 feet in height.

var. Utahensis, Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis, iii, 588; (J. occidentalis,

Watson, Bot. King Rep. v. 336, in part.)

On all the ranges of Central Nevada, south to Arizona and Southern Utah; very common at 5,000 to 8,000 feet elevation.

Wood resembling that of the species, and in Central Nevada furnish- ishing the common and cheapest fuel.

A shrub or low bushy tree, 10 to 20 feet in height, with a trunk rarely exceeding 2 feetin diameter. —

\ 275. Juniperus occidentalis, Hook. j J, excelsa, Pursh,

Oregon and Idaho, south to California, on the high Sierra Nevada. In Oregon, a large tree; smaller in California, or often reduced to a shrub. var. monospérma, Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. 590. Pike’s Peak, Colorado, through Western Texas and New Mexico to Arizona and Southern California. A shrub or small tree. var.? conjungens, Engelm., 1. c. “Western Texas, where it forms forests and is an important timber tree, although not as large nor as easily worked and useful as the Red Cedar of the plains of Eastern Texas.”—(Lindheimer.)

276. Juniperus pachyphlea, Torr. J. plochyderma, Torr. in Sitgr. Rep. t. 16.

New Mexico and Arizona.

“A middle-sized tree, with a spreading, rounded top, thick and much cracked bark, and pale, reddish wood.”—(Engelm., Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. 589. )

277, Juniperus Virginiana, L. RED CEDAR. SAVIN.

New Brunswick and Canada up to latitude 45° north; south to Flor- ida, and west to British Columbia, Washington Territory, and Eastern

Texas; Utah, A

Heart largely &e.

A tred reduced

The n Americ

278.

cAs “Cali County “In feet. County of dens

279.

Califo by Jeff cA Bot. Cal.

Calif Monter measure w heigh

A tre

These botanist Cupressu

281.

region,

63

Texas; not in Western Texas, California, or probably Oregon; rare in Utah, Arizona, and Central Nevada.

Heart-wood red, aromatic, close-grained, compact, very durable; largely employed in cabinet-making, for fence posts, railway ties, pencils, &e.

A tree, sometimes 60 to 80 feet in height, or, near its northern limit, reduced to a low shrub or simall tree.

The most widely-distributed and one of the most valuable of North American Conifera.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

278. Cupressus Goveniana, Gordon.

“A shrub or small bushy tree, 6 to 10 feet high or more.

“California, in the Coast Ranges from about Monterey to Sonoma County.

“In Marin County it is said to sometimes attain a height of 40 to 80 feet. A doubtful form is reported from Cedar Mountain, Alameda County (Dr. Kellogg), described as a handsome tr ee, 30 to 40 feet high, of dense symmetrical growth.”—( Watson, Bot. Cal. ii. 114, ined.)

279. Cupressus Macnabiana, Muir.

California, “about Clear Lake (Torrey, Bolander); originally reported by Jeffrey from Mount Shasta, at 5,000 feet altitude.

“A shrub or small tree, 6 to 10 feet high or more.”—( Watson, Bot. Cal. ii. 114, ined.)

280. Cupressus macrocarpa, Hartw.

C. Lambertiana, Gord. C. Hartwegii, Carriére.

MONTEREY CYPRESS.

California, “on granite rocks near the sea; from Point Pinos, near Monterey, southward 4 or 5 miles to Pescadero Ranch. The largest measurement recorded (Brewer) is a circumference of trunk 18% feet at « height of 5 or 6 feet from the ground.”—( Watson, Bot. Cal. ii. 113, ined.) A tree, 40 to 70 feet in height. These species are still very imperfectly known, and the attention of California

botanists is called to the importance of studying, in the field, the various species of Cupressus native of their State.

281. Chamecyparis Lawsoniana, Parl. in DC. Prodr. xvi? 464.

Cupressus Lawsoniana, Murr. Cupressus Nutkaensis, Torr. Bot. Wilkes, t. 16. Cupressus fragrans, Kellogg. Cupressus attenuata, Gordon.

OREGON CEDAR.

WHITE CEDAR.

Oregon and southward along the Coast Ranges to the Mount Shasta region, Northern California.

Woo easily w

A lar diamete

diamete

Sitka Mounta Won for shir warp W A lar diamet

285.

Jame except

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 64

Wood white, fragrant, close-grained, compact, elastic, free of knots, easily worked, very durable.

A large tree, 100 to 150 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 6 feet in diameter.

282. mecyparis Nutkaensis, Spach.

Thuya excelsa, Bong. Cupressus Nutkaensis, Lamb. Cupressus Americana, Trauty. C. excelsa, Fisch.

Thuyopsis borealis, Hort. Thuyopsis Tchugatskoy, Hort.

Sitka; southward to the Cascade Mountains.

Wood white, soft, clear, easily worked; susceptible of a beautiful polish ; probably very valuable.

A tree, sometimes 100 feet in height.

283. Chamecyparis spheroidea, Spach.

Cupressus Thyoides, L. Thuya spheroidalis, Rich. WHITE CEDAR.

Essex County, Massachusetts; south to Florida, near the coast; and in Wisconsin.

Wood reddish, light, soft, fine-grained, easily split and worked, very durable; employed for shingles, in boat-building, cooperage, and largely for railway ties, posts, fencing, &c.

A tree, 40 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk often 2 to 3 feet in diameter; always in deep, cold swamps.

284, Thuya gigantea, Nutt. T. plicata, Donn. T. Menziesii, Doug.

WESTERN ARBOR VIT.

Sitka, and southward through the Coast Ranges and the Cascade Mountains to Northern California.

Wood light-colored, soft, easily worked, moderately durable; used for shingles, and often sawed into boards, although liable to split and warp when exposed to the sun.

A large tree, 100 to 150 feet in height, with a trunk 3 to 12 feet in diameter.

285. Thuya occidentalis, L. ARBOR VITA. WHITE CEDAR.

James’ Bay and the Saskatchewan, south through British America, except Newfoundland and Nova Scotia; common in the Northeastern

States ains to Woo for post A sm eter; it

diamet 287.

Cu BALD ¢

Soutl Carroll bama, I

Woot durable timber,

A lat the Sor 10 to 1 one of

4,000 fe border: southe! length

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 65

States to Pennsylvania, and occasionally along the Alleghany Mount- ains to North Carolina; west to Northern Michigan and Wisconsin. Wood light-colored, compact, light, very durable; largely employed for posts, railway ties, fencing, &c. A small tree, 20 to 50 feet in height, with a trunk 1 to 3 feet in diam- eter; in swamps and along the rocky banks of streams.

286. Libocedrus decurrens, Torr. Thuya Craigiana, Balfour, ’Thuya gigantea, Carridre, Heyderia decurvens, Koch,

WHITE CEDAR,

Oregon, to San Diego, California; in the Coast Ranges and in the Sierra Nevada, up to 8,500 feet elevation.

Wood light-colored, soft, and said to be durable.

A large tree, 100 to 150 feet in height, with a trunk 4 to 7 feet in diameter.

287.

Taxodium distichum, Richard. Cupressus disticha, L.

BALD CYPRESS. BLACK CYPRESS. WHITE CYPRESS.

DECIDUOUS

CYPRESS.

Southern Delaware to Southern Florida, near the coast; and from Carroll County, Indiana, Southern Illinois and Missouri, south to Ala- bama, Louisiana, and Eastern Texas.

Wood reddish, strong, light, compact, easily split and worked, very durable. Largely used in construction in the form of boards and square timber, for shingles, posts, railway ties, fencing, &c.

A large tree, sometimes reaching under favorable circumstances in the Southern States, a height of 150 feet, with a diameter of trunk of 10 to 12 feet or more; in swamps, or the inundated borders of streams ; one of the most valuable trees of the North American forests.

288. Sequoia gigantea, Decaisne. Wellingtonia gigantea, Lindl. Washingtonia Californica (Taxodium Washingtonianun), Winslow. S. Wellingtoniana, Seem. Taxodium giganteum, Kell, & Behr.

BIG TREE.

California, along the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada at about

4,000 feet elevation from Placer County to Deer Creek, on the southern

borders of Tulare County ; in small or isolated groves, except toward its

southern kimit where it forms an extensive forest, some 40 miles in

length by 6 to 8 miles in width. Wood dull red, very light, and 9

remark tree of

66 It j the larg feet 8 i in Bot, ¢

Calif Coast Woo ceptible shingle posts, The { ifornia danyer “In from 2¢ the hei; This

roots tl

Cana Allegh consin

Woo value.

A tr inches high e

66

remarkably durable, (See Muir in Proc, Amer, Assoc, xxv, 242.) The largest tree of the American forests.

‘Tt has an average height of 275 feet, with a trunk 20 feet in diameter ; the largest measurement being 366 feet in height, and a diameter of 35 feet 8 inches within the bark, at four feet above the ground.”—( Watson in Bot, Cal, ii, 117, ined.)

289. Sequoia sempervirens, Hil.

Taxodium sempervirens, Lamb. Schubertia sempervirena, Spach,

RED WOOD.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES,

California, from the northern portion of the State, south only in the Coast Ranges to San Luis Obispo.

Wood red, light, close-grained, compact, easily split and worked, sus- ceptible of a fine polish, and very durable ; largely sawn into boards and shingles; and furnishing the common and cheapest lumber, railway ties, posts, and fencing, of the Pacific coast.

The forests of this species are economically the most valuable of Cal- ifornia; but owing to their accessibility to tide-water, are in great danger of speedy extermination.

“Tn size the red wood usually averages 8 to 12 feet in diameter, and from 200 to 300 in height, with a straight cylindrical barrel, naked to the height of 70 to 100 feet or more.” ( Watson in Bot. Cal. ii, 117, ined.)

This species is remarkable for its tenacity of life, the stumps and roots throwing up for a long time great-numbers of vigorous suckers.

290. Abies balsamea, Marshall. Pinus balsamea, L. A. balsamifera, Michx. Picea balsamea, Loud.

BALSAM FIR. BALM OF GILEAD FIR,

Canada, Nova Scotia, and the Northeastern States, south along the Alleghany Mountains to Virginia; west along the great lakes to Wis- consin and Minnesota.

Wood white and soft; occasionally made into shingles, but of little value.

A tree, sometimes 70 fer’ in height, with a trunk rarely exceeding 18 inches in diameter; in cold, damp woods and mountain swamps; or at high elevations reduced to a prostrate shrub (A. Hudsoniana, Hort.),

291. Abies bracteata, Nutt.

Pinus venusta, Doug. Pinus bracteata, Don. Picea bracteata, Lindl.

Southern California, only in the Santa Lucia Mountains, at an eleva- tion of 3,000 to 6,000 feet. A little known tree, 100 to 150 feet in height.

which Wo As inche:

294.

Bri coast. We The with |

Vv Hood

295.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

Abies concolor, Lindl.

Picea concolor, Gordon.

Pinus concolor, Engelm.

A. Lowiana, Murr.

A. grandis, of the California botanists.

A. amabilis, (?) Watson, King. Rep. v. 333, A, lasiocarpa, Hort. [not Hook. J

a. Parsoniana, Hort.

A. amabilis, Hort.

WHITE FIR.

From Southern Oregon through the Sierra Nevada, at 3,000 to 8,000 feet elevation, and through the mountains of Oregon to Utah and South- ern Colorado.

Wood probably of little value.

A large tree, 80 to 150 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 4 in diameter

238. Abies Fraseri, Lindl.

Pinus Fraseri, Pursh,

Only on the summits of the peaks of North Carolina and Tennessee, f which exceed 6,000 feet in height.

Wood white, ‘soft, of little value.

A small tree, 20 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk not exceeding 18 inches in diameter. ;

294. Abies grandis, Lindl.

Pinus grandis, Doug). Pinus amabilis, Doug). ? [not of later authors). Picea grandis, Loud,

A. Gordoniana, Carritre.

British Columbia, south to Mendocino County, California, near the coast. Wood considered valuable. The largest species of the genus, reaching 200 to 300 feet in height with a trunk 3 to 4 feet in diameter. var. densiflora, Engelm., Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. 594. Base of Mount Hood to British Columbia.

295. " Abies magnifica, Murr.

A. amatilis, of the California botanists. RED FIR.

“The Red Fir of the higher Sierras is not rare at an altitude of 7,000 to 10,000 feet, but forms no forests by itself. Easily distinguished from the next species by the inclosed bracts. Forms, however, are said to occur (Mount Silliman, Brewer), with exserted bracts, and it remains to be

seen Vv suffice

A l¢ diame

236.

Bas an el Moun

Wo genus

Al

297.

“Tt parts _ only § ish C

alway

and i

298.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES, 68

seen Whether the slight differences in the leaves, scales, and seeds will suffice to keep the species separate.” (Engelm., in Bot. Cal. ii. 119, ined.)

A large tree, 200 feet or more in height, with a trunk 8 to 10 feet in diameter.

236. Abies nobilis, Lindl.

Pinus nobilis, Doug. Picea nobilis, Loud.

Base of Mount Shasta, California, where it forms extensive forests at an elevation of 6,000 to 8,000 feet, and north through the Cascade Mountains to the Columbia River.

Wood said to be more valuable than that of the other species of the genus.

A large tree, 200 feet in height.

297. Abies subalpina, Engelm. A. lasiocarpa, Hook. Fl. Bor. Am, ii. 163? [not Hort. J. A. bifolia, Murr, A. amabilia, Pari, in DC. Prodr, xvi?. 426, in part. A, grandis, of the Colorado botanists.

“It extends from the higher mountains of Colorado and the adjoining parts of Utah, northward to Wyoming and Montana, where it is the only species, and westward to the mountains of Oregon, and into Brit- ish Columbia (Fraser River), and southward probably to Mount Shasta; always scattered in the subalpine forests, and, at least in Colorado, com- ing up almost to the timber limit; but never alone constituting forests.” (Engelm., Trans, St. Louis Acad. iii, 597.)

Wood light-colored, soft, almost worthless.

A tree, 60 to 100 feet in height, with a trunk often more than 2 feet in diameter.

var. fallax, Engelm. 1. c. (A. amabilis, Newberry, Pac. R. Rep. vi. 51.)

High summits of the Cascade Mountains, south of the Columbia River,

and in the Wasatch Mountains, Utah.

298. Pseudotsuga Douglasii, Carritre.

P, Douglasii, Sabine. Abies Douglasii, Doug). Tsuga Douglasii, Carriére.

DOUGLAS SPRUCE.

Oregon and California, in the Coast Ranges, and along the west flank of the Cascade and Sierra Nevada Ranges up to 6,000 to 8,000 feet ele- vation, extending south into Mexico, and east through Arizona and New Mexico to the Rocky Mountains of Colorado,

Wood yellow or reddish, coarse-grained, heavy, strong; largely sawn into boards and square timber; used for masts, spars, &c.

A ti the m velop

Vg Gard.

Sou nardil

A _& with ¢ specie

299.

Nor and u Shows to Ha

Wo clint A tr in ratl great « than t

Count Woe A t)

301.

Cali Nevad Joaqu Cresce Cal. ii.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 69

A tree, 200 to 300 feet ia height, with a trunk 8 to 15 feet in diameter; the most valuable timber tree of Oregon, reaching there its greatest de- velopment, and forming probably the heaviest forest growth known.

var. macrocarpa, Engelm., Bot. Cal. ii. 120, ined. (Abies macrocarpa, Vasey in Gard. Monthly, June, 1876.), ;

Southern California, in the caiions of the foothills of the San Ber- nardino Mountains and in the San Felipe Cajion.

A small and little known tree, 40 to 50 or rarely 80 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter; cones much larger than in the species.

299. Tsuga Canadensis, Carritre. Pinus Canadensis, L. Abies Canadensis, Michs. Picea Canadensis, Link.

HEMLOCK.

Northern New Brunswick, through the valleys of the Saint Lawrence and upper Ottawa Rivers to the western shore of Lake Superior; south through the Northern States and along the Alleghany Mountains south to Habershaw County, Georgia. j

Wood light-colored, coarse and crooked-grained, light, very liable to splinter; largely sawn into boards of an inferior quality.

A tree, 70 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter; in rather dry, rocky situations, generally on the north side of hills; of great economic value on account of its bark, which is richer in tannin than that of any common tree of the Northeastern States.

300. Tsuga Mertensiana, Carri¢re. Pinus Mertensiana, Bong. Abies Mertensiana, Lindl. Abies Albertiana, Murr. Abies Bridgesii, Kellogg. In the coast regions, from Alaska south to Mendocino and Marin Counties, California. Wood less coarse and straighter-grained than in the last species, A tree, 100 to 200 feet in height.

301. Tsuga Pattoniana, Engel. Abies Pattonii, or Pattoniana, Jettrey. Abies Hookeriana, Murr. Abies Williamsonii, Newberry. Pinus Pattoniana, Parl.

California and Oregon, “in the highest timber regions of the Sierra Nevada, at 8,000 to 10,000 feet altitude; from the head of the San Joaquin River, northward and through the Cascade Mountains, near Crescent City descending to near the coast. (Brewer.)” (Hnge’m., Bot. Cal. ii, 121, ined.)

A diame

Brit to Ari and e:

Wo

A ls the ti tensiv valual

304.

y

y

é

y

Nev States Moun

Wo into | buildi of pay this s|

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES, 70

A large tree, 100 to 150 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 4 fect in diameter, or at high elevations reduced to a low shrub.

302. Picea alba, Link.

Pinus alba, Ait. Abies alba, Michx.

WHITE SPRUCE. SINGLE SPRUCE.

From about latitude 674° north, south through British America to Northern Maine, the southern shores of Lake Superior, Northern Min- nesota, and Dakota?

Wood light-colored, lighter than that of the Black Spruce; preferred for the masts of boats, small spars, &c., but probably little used within the limits of the United States.

A smnall tree, sometimes 50 feet in height, with a trunk rarely, if ever, exceeding 18 to 24 inches in diameter.

308. Picea Engelmanni, Fngelm.

Abies nigra, Engelm.' (not, Poir, ). Abies Engelmanni, Parry. Pinus commutata, Parl.

British Columbia, and Oregon, south through the Rocky Mountains to Arizona (San Francisco Mountains, Sierra Blanca, Mount Graham), and east to the Black Hills of Dakota.

Wood resembling that of the eastern Black Spruce.

A large tree, with a trunk sometimes 2 to 3 feet in diameter, or above the timber line reduced to a prostrate shrub; in Colorado forming ex- tensive forests at 8,500 to 11,500 feet elevation, and furnishing the most valuable timber of the central Rocky Mountain region.

304. Picea nigra, Link. Pinus nigra, Ait. Abies nigra, Michx. Pinus rubra, Lamb. Abies rubra, Poir. Abies nigra, var. rubra, Michx.t. P. rubra, Link.

Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and Canada; through the Northern States, from Maine to Wisconsin, and south along the Alleghany Mountains to the high peaks of North Carolina.

Wood light-colored or reddish, light, elastic, strong; largely sawn into boards and square timber; formerly somewhat used in ship- building, for spars, &¢c.; also now largely employed in the manufacture of paper. The Spruce lumber of the eastern markets is derived from this species.

diame scatte

Alas east tc

Woa ably s

At

in wet

range

A pec slopes | nothing and its: thirds 0 and wit

307.

States sylvan Woo ferred | In L

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES, 71

A small or medium-sized tree, 50 to 70 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter; in high mountain woods; sometimes in cold, deep swamps, when it is small, stunted, and of little value.

305. Picsa pungens, Engelm.

Abies Menziesii of Colorado botanists.

Rocky Mountains of Colorado, extending into Wyoming and perhaps Idaho.

A large tree, 100 to 150 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter; at 6,000 to 8,500 feet elevation; never forming forests but scattered along streams, in damp, moist soil.

306. Picea Sitchensis, Carri¢re.

Pinus Sitchensia, Bong. Pinus Menziesii, Doug). Abies Menziesii, Lindl.

Alaska, south to Mendocino County, California, near the coast, and east to? :

Wood light-colored, straight-grained, valuable; resembling and prob- ably surpassing that of the eastern Black Spruce.

A tree, 150 to 200 feet in height, with a trunk 6 to 9 feet in diameter ; in wet, sandy soil, generally near the mouths of streams. Rare. Its range to the east still uncertain.

A peculiar Spruce should be looked for in Strawberry Valley and other valleys and slopes about Mount Shasta, California, at 3,500 to 4,000 feet elevation; about which nothing is known but ‘that its lower branches are very long, slender, and handsome, and its leaves much narrower than those of P. Sitchensis ; 7 to 9 lines long, and two- thirds pf a line wide, quite obtuse, strongly keeled, and stomatose on the upper side and without stomata beneath.” (Engelm., Bot. Cal. ii. 123, ined.)

307. Larix Americana, Michx.

Pinus pendula, Ait.

EL. pendula, Salish,

L. macrocarpa, Forbes.

L. intermedia, Lodd. Pinua macrocarpa, Lamb,

AMERICAN LARCH. BLACK LARCH. ‘TAMARACK, HACKMATAC,

Latitude 65° north, south through British America; in the Northern States from Maine to Wisconsin, and south to the mountains of Penn- sylvania,

Wood light-colored, strong, very durable; extensively used and pre- ferred for the upper knees of ships, and for posts, railway ties, &c.

In Labrador and Newfoundlin4, a tree 80 to 100 feet in height, with —

a tru lands and »

338.

Ore vatior As

Moun A li 2to3

310.

On of that A li

Sou ley of more {

Wo compa ble; 1 for fen tine, t

A ti 2 to4

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES, 72

a trunk sometimes 2 to 3 feet in diameter; on moist uplands or interval lands; within the limits of the United States, smaller, less valuable, and always i: cold, damp swamps.

38. Larix Lyallii, Parl. Pinus Lyatlii, Pav.

Oregon, in the Cascade and Galton Ranges, at 6,000 to 7,090 feet ele- vation. A small and little known tree.

309. Larix occidentalis, Nutt.

L. Americana, var. brevifolia, Carritre, Pinus Nuttallii, Parl.

Oregon and Washington Territory, in the Cascade Mountains up to 5,000 feet elevation, and eastward to the western slopes of the Rocky Mountains.

A little known tree, said to attain a height of 150 feet, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter.

310. Pinus Arizonica, Engel. Wheeler's Rep. vi. 260,

On the Santa Rita Mountain, Southern Arizona. The best lumber of that region ; there called Yellow Pine.”—( Rothrock.)

A little known tree, 40 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diam- eter; only collected by Dr. Rothrock in 1874.

811. Pinus australis, Michx. P. palustris, Mill, LONG-LEAVED PINE, SOUTHERN PINE. GEORGIA PINE. BROWN PINE. YELLOW PINE. HARD PINE.

Southern Virginia to Florida and Mississippi, Louisiana, in the Val- ley of the Red River, and probably in Eastern Texas; not extending more than 100 miles from the coast.

Wood superior to that of any other North American Pine; strong, compact, straight-grained, remarkably free from sap-wood, very dura- ble; largely employed in construction of all sorts, ship-building, and for fencing, railway ties, &c. From this species nearly all the turpen- tine, tar, pitch, and rosin produced in the United States is derived.

A tree of the first economic value, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to4 feet in diameter; in dry, sandy soil, or more rarely in low swamps.

312.

Cal ain, a mon); River

An somet

Journ,

prefer At

313.

Fro erp b Dakot

Wor what |

A k

314.

San mon i At

Ala AS inches vi

R. Rep P. Mu vi. 331, T

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

312. Pinus Balfouriana, Jeftrey. FOX-TAIL PINE. HICKORY PINE.

California, in the Mount Shasta region, on the flanks of Scott Mount- ain, at 5,000 to 8,000 feet elevation, forming an extensive forest (Lem- mon); on Mount Whitney and on the headwaters of King and Kerr Rivers.

A medium-sized tree, rarely exceeding 50 feet in height,with a trunk sometimes 5 feet in diameter,

var. aristata, Engelm., Bot. Cal, ii. 125, ined. (Pinus aristata, Engelm, Am. Journ, Sci, (2 ser.) xxxiv, 332, and Trans, Acad, St. Louis, ii, 205, t. 5, 6.)

Mountains of Southeastern California; on the high mountains through Nevada, Northern Arizona, and Southern Utah to Colorado, above 7,500 feet, and in Colorado reaching 12,000 feet elevation.

Wood reddish, close-grained, tough, very strong; in Central Nevada preferred for the timbering of mines.

A tree, 50 to 100 feet in height.

313. Pinus Banksiana, Limb. P. Hudsonica, Poir. P, rupeatris, Michx. f. SCRUB PINE. GRAY PINE.

From latitude 63° north, south through British America to the north- ern borders of Maine, Michigan, Wisconsin; and in Minnesota and Dakota?

Wood hard, very resinous, of little value; in New Brunswick some- what used for railway ties.

A low shrub or tree, rarely exceeding 20 feet in height.

314. Pinus Chihuahuana, Engelm.

Sanoita Valley, Southern Arizona, at 6,500 feet elevation, and com- mon in Western Chihuahua. A tree, 30 to 50 feet in height.

315. Pinus contorta, Doug).

P, inops, Bong. Veg. Sitch. 45, P. Bolanderi, Parl. in DC, Prodr, xvi?. 379.

Alaska, south to Mendocino County, California, near the coast. A small tree, 5 to 25 feet in height, with a trunk rarely exceeding 6 inches in diameter; in wet, sandy soil. var. Murrayana, Engelm. Bot. Cal. ii. 126, ined. (P. contorta, Newberry, Pacif. R. Rep. iv. 34, t. 5, and of the Californian botanists. P.inops, Benth. Pl. Hartw, P. Murrayana, Murr. P. contorta, var. latifolia, Engelm. in Bot. King Rep, vi. 331, &c. ) TAMARACK. 10

319.

In t mount on the

Woc interm

A ti the mc board:

va cembro

Mon Nevad Califo

A tr a low

14

Oregon, in the Cascade Mountains; common in the high Sierras of California, where, at an elevation of 8,000 to 9,000 feet, it forms exten- sive forests; in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Southern Utah. Wood white, very light, straight-grained, valuable.

A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 4 feet in diameter.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

316. Pinus Coulteri, Don.

P. macrocarpa, Lindl.

California, in the Coast Ranges, from Monte Diablo south to the southern border of the State.

Wood said to be brittle.

A tree, 50 to 70 feet in height, with a trunk 1 to 2 feet in diameter.

317. Pinus edulis, Engelm. PINON. NUT PINE.

Caiion City, Colorado, south through New Mexico and Arizona.

Wood supplying a valuable fuel.

A small tree, rarely reaching 30 feet in height, with a trunk 8 to 12 inches in diameter; the large edible seeds furnishing to the Indians a valuable article of food.

318. Pinus Elliottii, Engelm. ined.

South Carolina, to Florida and Southern Alabama, near the coast. A large tree, probably often confounded with P. Taeda.

319. Pinus flexilis, James. WHITE PINE.

In the Rocky Mountains, from Montana to New Mexico; on the high mountain ranges of Nevada (above 8,000 feet elevation), Arizona, and on the Inyo Mountains and Mount Silliman, California.

Wood white, soft, and, although not free from knots, of fair quality ; intermediate between eastern white pine and sugar pine.

A tree, 50 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 4 feet in diameter ; the most valuable timber tree of Central Nevada, where it is sawn into boards.

var. albicaulis, Engelm. Bot. Cal. ii. 124,ined. (P. albicaulis, Engelm. P, cembroides, Newberry, P. Shasta, Carridre.)

Montana, British Columbia, and on the alpine peaks of the Sierra Nevada, from Mount Shasta to Mono Pass, and in the Scott Mountains, California. ,

A tree, 40 to 50 feet in height, or at the highest elevations reduced to a low shrub.

320.

South Wooc A tre eter; in

$21.

Midd] New Y kansas

Wooc

A sm diamete doned t

A va Chap.) h

322.

Seacr Simeon A tre

323.

Calif« north 1 length feet ele Colum

Woo coarser

A tre

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

320. Pinus glabra, Walt. SPRUCE PINE.

South Carolina, to Florida and Mississippi, near the coast. Wood soft and White.

A tree, 40 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk 12 to 18 inches in diam- eter; in swampy soil. Rare.

321. Pinus inops, Ait. JERSEY PINE. SCRUB PINE.

Middle Island, Long Island, Tottenville and Clifton, Staten Island, New York, south to Cedar Keys, Florida, and from Kentucky to Ar- kansas (Nuttall).

Wood probably of little value, except as inferior fuel.

A small tree, 10 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk rarely 2 feet in diameter; in sterile, sandy soil; springing up everywhere on the aban- doned tobacco-lands of Virginia and North Carolina.

A variety with serotinous cones (P. clausa aid P. inops, var. clausa, Chap.) has been detected in Florida by Dr. Chapman.

$22. Pinus insignis, Doug. P. Californica, Lois. ? P, adunca, Bose. P. radiata, Don.

. tuberculata, Don [not Gordon].

MONTEREY PINE.

Seacoast of California, from Pescadero south to Monterey and San Simeon Bay. A tree, 80 to 100 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter.

323. Pinus Lambertiana, Doug].

SUGAR PINE.

California, on the Coast Ranges, from the Santa Lucia Mountains north to Humboldt County, along the Sierra Nevada throughout the length of the State, especially on the western flank, at 4,000 to 8,000 feet elevation; and in the Cascade Mountains of Oregon north to the Columbia River.

Wood resembling that of the eastern white pine, but heavier, stronger, coarser-grained, and probably less easily worked.

A tree, 150 to 300 feet in height, with a trunk 10 to 20 feet in diameter.

easter about

Wo Centr: charee

and fo tallest terey :

Asl trunk

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

324, Pinus mitis, Michx. P. variabilis, Pursh. YELLOW PINE. |. SHORT-LEAVED PINE. SPRUCE PINE.

Gifford’s, Staten Island (a single specimen), south to Florida and Tallapoosa County, Alabama; on the Ozark Mountains of Missouri, where it is the only Pine, and south into Arkansas; doubtless in many intermediate stations.

Wood yellow, hard, compact, durable; inferior to, although employed for the same purpose as that of P. australis.

A tree, 40 to 70 feet in height, with a trunk rarely 2 feet in diameter.

$25. Pinus monophylla, Torr. & Frem. P. Fremontiana, Endl. NUT PINE.

Through Central Nevada, Southern Utah, and Arizona; along the eastern slope of Sierra Nevada; and in the Californian Coast Ranges about Fort Tejon.

Wood white, soft, very resinous, furnishing valuable fuel; and in Central Nevada, where it will soon be exterminated, largely made into charcoal.

A small bushy tree, 10 to 20 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 2 feet in diameter ; the large edible seeds invaluable to the Indians of the “Crsat Basin,” and their principal article of food.

$26. Pinus monticola, Doug}.

Washington Territory and Oregon in the Cascade Mountains, and south along the Sierra Nevada to Calaveras County, California, at 7,000 to 10,000 feet elevation.

Wood said to resemble that of the eastern white pine.

A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter.

327. Pinus muricata, Don. P. Edgariana, Hartw.

California, “only near the coast, where it is exposed to the sea winds: and fogs, to an altitude of 2,000 feet from Mendocino, where it grows tallest (in peat bogs) to Tomalis Point (in the most sterile soil), Mon- terey and San Luis Obispo.” (Hngelm., Bot. Cal. ii. 128, ined.)

A slender tree, 25 to 50, or rarely 80 to 120 feet in height, with a. trunk 1 to 3 feet in diameter.

328. Pinus Parryana, Engelm.

P. Llaveana, Torr.

Only collected by Dr. C. C. Parry, 40 miles southeast of San Diego,,.

Califo

diame

on an) the we

vé Torr., i

In t risbur As diame

331.

Fro and N to Mi

Wo struct

At

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. (ai

California, and beyond the limits of the United States, to which, how- ever, it may yet perhaps be found to extend.

A small tree, 20 to 30 feet in height, with a trunk 10 to 18 inches in diameter.

329. Pinus ponderosa, Doug].

™“ P, Benthamiana, Hartw. P, Beardsleyi, Murr. P Craigana, Murr. YELLOW PINE.

Throughout Oregon and California, especially along the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada.

Wood yellow, hard, heavy, strong, durable, very valuable. -

A large tree, 200 to 300 feet in height, with a trunk 12 to 15 feet in diameter; with its varieties the most widely distributed (not yet seen on any of the mountain ranges of Nevada), and the most valuable of the western Pines.

var, Jeffreyi, Engelm. Bot. Cal. ii. 120, ined. (P. Jeffreyi, Murr. P. deflexa, Torr., in part.)

Oregon and California, principally along the eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada, above 5,000 feet elevation.

A tree, 100 to 200 feet in height, with a trunk 10 to 15 feet in diam- eter; often in the most arid situations.

var. scopulorum, Engelm. 1. c. (P. ponderosa of the Colorado botanists.)

Throughout the Rocky Mountains from British Columbia to New Mex- ico and Arizona.

A tree, 80 to 100 feet in height.

330. Pinus pungens, Michx. TABLE MOUNTAIN PINE.

In the Alleghany Mountains, from Pennsylvania (Port Clinton, Har- risburg, &c.,) to North Carolina.

A small tree, 30 to 50 feet in height, with a trunk 18 to 20 tahes in diameter. Rare.

331. Pinus resinosa, Ait. P. rubra, Michx.f. RED PINE.. NORWAY PINE.

From about latitude 50° north, south through the extreme Northern and New England States to the mountains of Pennsylvania, and west to Minnesota.

Wood light-colored, resinous, hard, heavy, durable; employed in con- struction, ship-building, &c.

A tree, 60 to 80 feet in height, or in Michigan 100 to 150 feet in

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 78

height (Bessey), with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter; in light sandy soil. Nowhere very common; forming scattered groves, rarely exceeding a few hundred acres in extent.

332, Pinus rigida, Mill. PITCH PINE.

Mount Desert, Maine, and Northern Vermont to the upper districts of Georgia, not extending west of the Alleghany Mountain region.

Wood heavy, resinous, or when grown in low ground soft and largely composed of sap wood; little used except as fuel, although sometimes. sawed into cheap boards. ;

A tree, 40 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 30 inches in diameter ; in the dryest and most barren, sandy soil, or in deep swamps.

333. Pinus Sabiana, Doug].

California, throughout the Coast Ranges; on the foothills of the Sierra Nevada, up to 4,000 feet elevation, and in the valley of the Sac ramento River; east of the Sierras only seen in Owen’s Valley.

A small tree, 40 to 50 feet in height, with a trunk rarely exceeding 2 feet in diameter ; the edible seeds supplying the Indians with a valuable article of food.

334. Pinus serotina, Michx. P. Tada, var. alopecuroidea, Ait. Hort. Kew. POND PINE.

North Carolina, to middle Florida, near the coast. A tree, 40 to 80 feet in height, with a trunk rarely exceeding 20 inches. in diameter; in low, swampy, peaty soil.

335 Pinus Strobus, L. WHITE PINE. WEYMOUTH PINE.

-

Newfoundland, the northern shores of Lake Nipigon and the Saskatch- ewan; south through the New England and Northern States, and along the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia.

Wood white, soft, clear, free of knots; easily worked, and suscept- ible of a beautiful polish; durable when not placed in contact with the soil, although lacking in strength; immense quantities of boards annu- ally sawed from this species are used for the outside covering of build- ings, packing cases, cabinet work, and many domestic purposes. |

A tree, 80 to 150 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes, though rarely, exceeding 4 feet in diameter.

338.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES.

Pinus Teeda, L. LOBLOLLY PINE. OLD FIELD PINE.

Southern Delaware and Fredericksburg, Virginia, to Florida, Ala- bama, Eastern Texas, and in Arkansas,

Wood “sappy, coarse-grained, liable to warp and shrink, and soon decays on exposure.”

A tree, 50 to 70 feet in height, with a trunk 2 to 3 feet in diameter; in low, moist situations where it reaches its greatest developement, or in dry, sandy soil; everywhere springing up in abandoned lands near the coast in the Southern Atlantic and Guif States. Turpentine of infe- rior quality is produced from this species.

In the vicinity of Albemarle Sound, in low, swampy districts, the Loblolly Pine is said to occasionally attain a height of 150 to 170 feet, and to produce timber of great value, and is there locally known as ‘‘Swamp Pine,” “Slash Pine,” “ Rosemary Pine.”

337. Pinus tuberculata, Gordon. P. Californica, Hartw.

California, from the Shasta Region through the Coast Ranges to San Bernardino and the Santa Lucia Mountains, and on the foot-hills of the Sierra Nevada at 2,500 feet elevation, near Forest Hills, Placer County (Bolander).

A small tree or bush, 3 to 20 or rarely 40 feet in height.

PALMACE.E.

338. Sabal Palmetto, R. S. Chamerops Palmetto, Michx. CABBAGE TREE. CABBAGE PALMETTO.

North Carolina (rare), and south to Florida, near the coast.

Wood porous, resisting the attacks of the Teredo, and almost imperish- able under water; highly valued for piles, wharts, &c. A tree, 20 to 40 feet in height. 339. Washingtonia filifera, Wendl. Bot. Zeit. xxxvii. 68.

Brahea dulcis (?), Cooper, Smith. Rep. 1860, 442. Brahea filamentosa, Hort. Pritchardia filamentosa, Wendl.

San Bernardino County, California, to Western Arizona.

A tree, 20 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk sometimes 2 to 3 feet in diameter; “in rocky localities, in dry sheltered caiions, solitary, or few in a group.” (Watson, in Bot. Cal. ii. 211, ined.) Some other species, as yet very imperfectly known, possibly occur in Southern California.

CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 80 340. Thrinax parvifiora, Sw.

‘Keys along the Florida reefs, extending up the west const as far as Cape Rowano.”—( Chapman, in Coult, Bot, Gaz, iii, 12.) A small tree, 10 to 30 feet in height.

LILIACE. 311. Yucca brevifolia, Engelm.

¥. Draconis ?, var. arborescens, Torr,

Southwestern Utah, Northwestern Arizona to Southern Nevada, and Southeastern California; forming near the Mohave River, on the desert plateau, at 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation, straggling forests.

Wood, as in the whole genus, brittle and fibrous.

A sinall tree, 15 to 30 feet in height, with a trunk often 2 feet in diameter.

342, Yucca Treculiana, Carriere.

Southern Texas, Matagorda Bay, and from the Brazos and Guadaloupe Rivers south into Mexico.

A small tree, 15 to 25 feet in height, with a trunk 1 to 2 feet in diam- eter; the bitter-sweetish fruit cooked and eaten by the Indians.

ADDENDUM.

Under Acer saccharinum, No. 52, insert : var. nigrum, Torr. & Gray (A. nigrum, Michx. f.). Black Sugar Maple. Western Vermont to Missouri, and south to? A large tree; along streams in lower situations than the species, from which it is perhaps specifically distinct.

Abies ni Abies ni Abies ni Abies u Abies P Abies P Abies rt A bies 8 Abies s Abies Wi Acacia, Acacia Acacia, Acer ci Acer ds Acer Di Acer eri Acer gi Acer m Acer Ne Acer nig Acer Pe Acer ru Acer sa Acer sa Acer ati

$ Name. 5) A Zi

A. | Achras salicifolia ..........- e000 --e 137 30 | Acras Zapotilla, var. parviflora ......, 14231 ADIC8 AIDA ceccedsecccce coccce soccact 302 70 Alsculus arquta.....cccce-ceecee cece, 3911 Abies Albertiana. .........6020+-00+- 30069’ Asculus Californica .......-....... | $811 Abies amabilis ? (Abies concolor) ....: 292167, Aisculus flava ........200ceccee sees! 39.11 " Abies amabilis (Abies concolor)...... 292.67’ Asculus glabra.........-.......... 4011 Abies amabilis (Abies magnifica) ....'29567 Haculus Ohioensis .......--..-..--+- | 4011 Abies amabilis (Abies subalpina) .... 29768, Alder, Black......-..--..-.---+ +++. 1252 56 Abies amabilis (Abies subalpina, var. | Alder, Hoary ...... 2.200. coee cece 202 56 TAINS nccumcreascac cclseieseecsleesis 297.68 Alder, Seaside ..................... '253 57 Abies balsamea ............ 222.22. 29066 Alder, Speckled............ 2.0004. 252 56 Abies balsamiferd.....-...eees----0- 29066 Algaroba ..........-- 0.2. bid oivnes 7218 Abies bifolia........-0++ e002 -------- 29768 Algarobia glandulosa ......-.22+0.-., 7218 Abies bracteata .... 224 -.-+ cece cee. 29166 Alnus incana .......... 22.220 eee eee 252 56

Abies Bridgesii ...... sce... veces

30069, Alnus incana, var. virescens ....... 252.57

Abies Canadensis ...........--...--. 29969 Alnus maritima. .-..............-.. 25357 Abies concolor.............-----.65 292,67 Alnus oblongifolia ................. 254 57 Abies Douglasii............--+--26-- 298/68 Alnus rhombifolia .............--.. 255 57 Abies Engelmanni...... .0-+++ oosoue; 304.70 Alnus rubra ......--.. cee eee- ceeeee 256 57 Abies Fraseri ...........-2--------- ‘293 67, Amelanchier Canadensis............ 10524 Abies Gordoniana......-......------ '204'67 Amelanchier Canadensis, var. Botry- | Abies grandis .... 2... 2... cee0 cece 294,67 | BPM... 2. ceceee poe ee cece coco LOBIZA Abies grandis, var. densitlora ....... 29467 Amelanc hier Canadensis, var. oblon-! Abies grandis (Abies concolor) ...... 202167, gifolin ...............02. cece cece '105'24 Abies grandis (Abies subalpina)..... 297168 American Aspen .........-..-...... 268/60 Abies Hookeriana . oe eens eeeeee 30169: American Keech . wes cece cee 24354 Abies lasiocarpa (Abies concolor) .... 29267 American Cork Blhitccvetcc ces ponece \180'39 Abies lasiocarpa (Abies subalpina) . + 207) 68 American Crab Apple ............--, 8721 Abies Towiand.... . 2.2.2. 2-- 0 eeeeee| 202'67 American Elm............-.-..-2.. '177'39 Abies magnifica ................... 29567 American Holly ................... | 989 Abies macrocarpa ..........-2 +00 .- 29869 American Hornbeam.............../24554 Abies Menziesii (Picea pigs) Hey 30571 American Larch .......... 220. e000: (30771 Abies Menzicsii (Picea Sitchensis) ... 30671 American Mountain Ash ........... | 85/21 Abies Mertensiana ........---.-----. 30069 American Plane Tree.........-.... 19141 Abies nigra ( Picea Engelmanni). . . 303'70) Amyris Floridana ............2-.006! | 23; 8 Abies nigra (Picea nigra) ........... 30470 Amyris sylvatica .................. 23; 8 Abies nigra, var, rubra.....--...---- 304,70 ANACARDIACE.E See veweseccicesies st ht Abies nobilis ...................... 29668 Andromeda ar HOPE bass dicncdeasss cal 129'29 Abies Parsoniana . ¢ .ee-. 292167 Angelica Tree ..........-.2. 002 ce0e tate Abies Pattonii or 1 attoniana . e-3.....'301 69, Anona glabra... 22. 0.220. cece cece 9 5 Abies rubra .... 2... cece cone oe ee one 80470 Anona triloba .... 6.2... cone eee eee 10:5 Abies subalpina ............2.....- 297168 ANONACEE, 00... 22005 cecees cece seen eee, 5B Abies subalpina, var, fallax ........ 29768 Anonymos aquatica ...... .ecees.---- 181'40 Abies Williamsonii ..................8 301169 Apple, American Crab............. | 87/21 Acacia, Green-bark ................ ' 6917 Apple Haw. LiehaPexeucecanel 90!22 Acacia Greggii......-..--.2---- eee 74:18 Apple, Narrow-leaved Crab ........ | 86°21 Acacia, Three-thorned ............. 6717 Apple, Oregon Crab............. aoe 8821 Acer circinatum ...........-- +2206. 4612) Aralia spinosa ... 20. .... cece cece! 11426 Acer dasycarpum ..........-....06. AV IZARALIACER ...... 5.00 cence s coee (es 06 Acer Drummondii............. e005 51 13 Arbol de Hierro...... ...s0+ .-.--esc) 60115 Acer Cvi0CATPUM oo cece cece eee e veces TAD Arbor Vite. ... cc. ccc ecs ceccwns caee! 285164 Acer grandidentatum............... 48 13 Arbor Vite, Western .............. 284164 Acer macrophyllum..... .......... 4913) Arbutus laurifolia Crehinkewtouebesee 126'28 Acer Negundo ........-2....---..--. 5814 Arbutus Menziesii.................. 12628 ACOY NIGVUM wecccsreccee sconces cece 5220 Arbutus procera ........0.ccesee cues 126'28 Acer Pennsylyanicum............-. 5013) Arbutus Texand ...... ccc. coeetec ene . 12628 Acer rubrum ........0c05.---eeeeee 5113 Arctostaphylos glauca ag: A a 19899

Acer saccharinum ................- Acer saccharinum, var. nigrum ..... ACeY BEVIMEUM cece ceccce se enue secees

11

5213 Arctostaphylos glauca (Ar ctostaphy los, | 5280 pungens, var. platyphylla)......./127 28 5013 Adetanayhyton pungens............ 127'28

Arctos phy Ardisis

Avicen)

Bald C Balm Balm ¢ Balsan Balsan Barren Hass W Bass W Bay, L Bay, R Bay, R Bay, S Bay, V Bear B Keech, Beech, Keech, Betula Betula Betula. Betula Betula | Betula Betula Betulal Betula Betula Betula Betula Betula ; BETUL, Big La Big Tre Bignoni Bignont BIGNO} Bilsted Birch, . Birch, B'reh, Birch, lifoli Birch, Birch, Birch, Birch, |

INDEX.

ry PY

Name, 6 Name. 62

Am ; A \y

SN Soil lant ae ened cate

Arctostaphylos pungens, var. platy- Birch, Red ...... 5 ccncce saves Sue seidiee 249 56

TRV Seed Face a Le saleelelecimeeceisda s 12728 Birch, River. ...... 02.20. 0220. eo ee 24956

Ardisia Pickeringia ................ 133,30 Birch, Sweet. ....2. 0-2... cece eee eee 247 55

Aronica arbutifolia......-.cce sence 10424 Birch, West Indian ................) 22) 8 Ash, American Mountain..........- 8521 Birch, White (Betula alba, var. popu-) |

ABH SBINCK foie acces aeyeee sce ses 165:34) lifolia) ....... 22. ew wwe con wne woes 24655

ABIES MOS ovivciaciive'ewe oe vedsmesiwed 156.34 Birch, White (Betula papyracea).. . 25156

Ash, Oregon . 22... .ecee. ceceee ence 15133 Birch, Yellow..............- sama 248 55

Ash, Prickly. ..... acd is salt bee sieaes 19] 7; Bittor Nuts... ccc ee cece eee ---- 199.43

RANG WIORGY so.cls os oi cicewe sec sevees 15338 Bitter Wood..........0...-- ueaes 21| 8

ABW WMG sce. cos asecuer seve tesees 14832 Black Alder .......2......--. 0000 252 56

Ash-leaved Maple......-...-......- 5314 Black Ash................-2...---. 15534 Asimina triloba.................--- 10 5 Black Birch ......

Asp, Quaking........--...-----++-- 26860 Black Button Wood ......--.....-- 10925 Aspen, American........---....266- 26860 Black Cypress ..... 0.20. -.00---0e- ‘287/65 Avicennia nitida. .... 0.2... ..e0 eee 16736 Black Gum .... ...22.. 220 eee eee eee 120/27 Avicennia oblongifolia. ...... ......+. 16736 Black Haw ...... 2.000. ceeeee ee eens 124'28 Avicennia tomentosa. ...... 2.2... -ee- 16736 Black Jack, Forked-leaf.... 2.2.2... 210'46 B Black Jack Oak .........2. 0.2028. '229 50

: Black Larch........... bist edeve wees 307,71

Bald Cypress ..............0--. 0.2. 28765 Black Oak. ....2..........-2..2---. 23651 Balm of Gilead ............-....... 263159 Black Sugar Maple .......-.... 2... | 5280 Balm of Gilead Vir...... 22.22. ..... 29066 Black Thorn. .... 2.2.2.0. -.-. 2.006. 102/23 BRT SG BH Soo sees sicice oio0 sieseicec es 29066 Black Walnut ...........-......... 196 43 Balsam Poplar........2....2-.-2--- 263559 Blue Ash 2.20... .. 2... cece ee ee ee eee 15634 Barren Oak... .......-...-.---.---- 22950 Blue Beech ........222. 0.202. ee eee 24554 MAB EWOGQ! oo. sss bec cee ecse cscs 14)’ Gi Brie Jack 2.22... cece cennee acces 21146 Bass Wood, White .........-.....-- 1H} Aud 6 We 1 | ee 215,47 Bay, Loblolly. ..........-.......... 12 6 Blue Wood ...... 0.0... .022...22265 38310 DIV eT BROWNS pos so a: bia devsaisia nee wails a8 17037 Brahed duleis....... ee. cece ee ee ee. BBV'TD Bay, Rose .... ........-- 2.222262. 13129 Brahea filamentosa... 2.2. ...00..----. 33979 Bay, Sweet ...........0.0 cc cen wees 4 4 Brown Hickory...... 0.202. ....02.. 202,44 DIDS WEDTEO se Soe ce aie dae Seles tc gies 4 4 Brown Pine ............2.........- 31172 BOGE BOMY Coos. cece: cn ccce cecees SB TT BOI VAT oc ee ce ccnccuwewesgnesss 190'41 Keech, American....... 0-006. .s0e-- 24354 BORRAGINACE.D oo... cee eee cee eee lee BD Beech, Blue .............0... e200. - 24554 Bourreria Havanensis ...... 2.2.2... 162.35 Beech, Water... ...... 0.20. 2-0 0e-- 24554 Bourreria Havanensis, var. radula.. 16235 Betula acuminata ...... cece. eens 24855 Bourreriavadila.. 2... cc. cee eee wees 162'35 Betula alba, var. populitolia 22... .. 24655 Bourreria auceulenta 22. ..65 cee eee 16235 Betula carpinifolia...... 0.00.02. c20. 24755 Bow srervia tomentosa, var. Havanensis. . 16235 Betula cuspidata...... 2.6 o cece... 24655 Bourveria virgata . 2.0... cece cee ees 162/35 Betula excelsa 2.0.0 00 eee coos. 24855 Box Elder (Negundo aceroides)..... 53/14 Betula lenta... 2.2... eee eee 24755 Box Elder (Negundo Californicum). 54/14 Betula lente... 0. .cccce cove cccccces 247'55)'Box, Palse 2... 2.2.22. cc0e cece ccees 31/10 Betula lenta (Betula lutea).... 2.2... 24855 Buckeye, Fetid ..........0......... 4011 Betula lutea. ...... 0.0... 22 eee eee 24855 Buckeye, Ohio. ................. ... 4011 Betula nigra............ 62... ce eee 24956 Buckeye, Sweet 2.02... 0.222. 0.22.. 39 11 Betula occidentalis ................ 25056 Buckthorn, Southern. .... 0.2.2.2... 14031 Betula papyracea........... sees... 25156 Buckwheat Tree... 2.0. ..000....00.. 30:10 Betula populifolia. .... 2... 2... eeeee 24655 Bumelia angustifolia .... 0.0... 6. eee. 138/30 BETULACE.E ............00002-..--. -.- 55 Bumelia cuneata..... 2.0. ....0.208. 138/30 BiB BUI) ois os kes cecbnsewee cess 5 4 Bumelia ferruginea.... 0... 0.6.0.0... 189/81 BOE PURO euvss cckcsv icskescheceves 988 65 Bumelia falidixsima......... 0.02... 136/30 Bignonia Catalpa. .....c0. veceee wees 16435 Bumelia lannginosa...... 2.22.02... 139)31 Bignonia linearis .....00 ..se08 00 eee 16636 Bumelia lycioides...... 0.222. 02228. 140/31 BIGNONIACE.E 0.202. ...02222-- enne © 80 Bumelia myrsinifolia.... ccc... eee 138'30 Bilsted .......... See ECey eee ae ecealy 106 24. Bumelia oblongifolia .... 0.2... 2208. 139'31 Bitlis BNW is 6 ois svc k seeker vecees 24755 Bumelia pallida 2.0... 0.0.6. 00008. 136'30 Birch, Canoe ...... 0.022. ...--. 000 25156 Bumelia parvifolia ...... cee. eee. 138/30 Biroh, CH6try ...6 5... cee ces vecwess 24755 Bumelia reclinata ........0-2 0.00 ee 138/30 Birch, Gray (Betula alba, var. popu- Bumelia sulicifolia .........00.. 00.46 137/30 WTOUE) 5 Wa Vag Web ebecucuuelee cs eae 246.55 Bumelia tenax ........00...-....2.. 14131 Birch, Gray (Betula lutea) .... 2... . 24855 Bumelia tomentosa ........02.. cee ee. 139/31 Birch, Mahogany 2... .eeeee cece eens 24755 Bumwood ............ 0.2. eee eee SB IA Birch, Old Vield...... PeKebeRrewent 24655 Burr Oak... 2... 2c ce. cece ee oneness BOTY

Birch, Paper....e.. 2... secces eee, 20156 Bursera guinmifera......... 0... 0008

BURSE

Button Button Button Butters

Cabba

Cabba

CAcrac Cajepu Calico

Califor Califor Califor Califor Califori Canada Canoe

CaPrir Carolin Carpini Carpini Carpinu Carpinu Carpinu

Carya n Carya p Carya si Carya te Castanec Castanec Castane Castanec Castane; Castano Castano} Catalpa Catalpa Catalpa Catalpa Catalpa, Cat’s-cli: Ceanoth Ceanoth Cedar, ¢ Cedar, I Cedar, §S Cedar, \

sonian Cedar, \

roidea Cedar, V Cedar, V CELASTI Celtis bi Celtis cra Celtia int Celtis lw Celtia lon Celtis M

83

Name pier Name, ¢ gf A= Ai Ra BURSERACE.LE... 200 ceceee tee eee cece ee 8 Celtis occidentalis ........... 2.206 18440 Button Tree ............6. 222.0566. 10825 Celtis ocvidentalia, var, crassifolia.... 184/40 Buttonwood ... 2.2.2.2... ..0ee0 ee eee 191.41 Celtis occidentalis, var. integrifolia ... 18340 Buttonwood, Black ..........2....- 100.25, Celtis occidentalis, var, tenuifolia .... 183.40 TMINTOLNNG os siccd.ccee se wssetnenusas 195 42 Celtis (Momisia) pallida.........-... 185 40 Celtis Tala, var. pallida............ 185 40 C, . Cerasus borealis ..... eerie mere tii 8019 Cevagus Caroliniand .....cceee sees 7719 Cabbage Palmetto ................ 33879 Cervasus Chicas ...ce. 2. eee cece coos 7819 Cabbage Tree... 6. eee cee eee ee B88 TY Ceraan mollis... cece ceccce voccee aces 79:19 CACTACE .oc0 ee cece cnceeececee «.. 25 Coragua Pennaylvanicd .....0cce. .e0: 30:19 Cajepnt .. 0... ccc cece es cece eee ees 17237 Ceragus SEVOtiNd .. 2.20 ences ceeeeeee 31:20) Calico Bush ....-....-...... cial cote 130 29: Cerasus Virginiand .......00+-secee, 8120 California Laurel ...... 0.2... 2-206 172.37 Cercidium foridum (Parkinsonia tlori- | California Lilac ................2.. 3711 da) .... 02... 68 17 California Live Oak ..............- 212.46 Cer eidium Hor idum (Parkinsonia’ Tor. | California Nutmeg...... 2.2.2.2... 27061 rey ana) SA Betcha §. larars A ebiece aaveeS bie ONE California Olive ...... 2... 0006+ e050. 17237 Cervis ( ‘alifornicum . Siete s idee da nihe tel COME Canada Plum...... 2.0.2.0... ceeeee 7619 Cercis Canadensis...........2..626. TO1T Canoe Birch .... 2... 0.0. ceeeee scene 25156 Cercis occidentalis .....-....-2.---. F117 CAPRIFOLIACEAE .. 0000 -.eeceeceeeee ... 2¢ Cercis reniformis ..........-....... 7118 Carolina Poplar .............. e006. 267 60 Cercocar pus ledifolius ............- 8420 Carpinus Americana ....+. 2.002.000 24554 Cereus giganteus .........--.------ 113/25 Carpinus Caroliniana .......... 2... 24554 Chamecyparis attenuata.....-.....-. 28168 Carpinus Ostrya...... ceceeeeee ~~. 24454 Chamecyparis excelsa ........22..--- 282 64 Carpinus triflora .... 0... -6. cece ee - 24454 Chamecyparia fragrans ......-.----- 28163 Carpinus Virginiana .....20...-. 020. 24454 Chameecyparis Lawsoniana ........ 281 63 CaryneaQlbar ccs. .cccccecccscsete cess 198 43 Chamiecyparis Nutkaensis.......... 282'64 Caryn amara ........cc00.. 20020-19948 Chamecyparis Nutkaensis (Chaniwey- Carya aquatica ..... fect S Nets. s fee eo halein s 20044 paris Lawsoniana).......-....--. 28163 Carya glabra... .... 1... eee eee eee 20244 Chamecyparis sphivroidea .......-. 283 64 Carya myristicwformis............. 20144 Chamerops Palmetto .............--3 338,79 Carya porcina ...... 0.02. ..-..---- 202.44 Cherry Birch ............--.0...-.. 247,55 Carya sulcata .............2006 woes 203.44 Cherry, Wild Black.......-.......- 81:20 Carya tomentosa .............----. 20444 Cherry, Wild Red 2... ......-...--. 8019 Castanea Americana. ... 20 ceceee sees 242.54 Chestnut Oak .............-2.-..-. S83 51 Castanea chrysophylla...... .. rece 24053 Chestnut Oak, Rock ...........----. 23351 Castanea pumila.................-. 24153 Chickasaw Plum ............-...-- 78.19 Castanea vesea, var. Americand .....- 242.54 Chilopsis glutinusa.... 20... 20. ee 166 36 Castanea vulgaris, var. Americana. . 24254 Chilopsis linearis .......... WOR EReive 166.36 Castanopsis chrysophylla .......... 24053 Chilopsis saligna ..........-...---- 16636 Caatanopsia sempervirens .........--- 24053 Chinquapin (Castanea pumila). .... 2415: Catalpa bignonioides.............-- 16435 Chinquapin (Castanopsis — chryso- Catalpa cordifolia ..... §:3 bio eiatele ileen 164135) phylla)...... 0. ee. ne ee ee wees 240 5:3 Catalpa BPOCIOSD. 20005 see eee ve vees 165.36 Chionanthus Virginiea..........--. 15834 Catal ipa syringwfolia ...... .eceee sees 16435 Chrysophyllum microphyllum...... 18430 Catalpa, Western ..... pesos recees 165\36 Chrysophyllum monopyrenum .......- 135 :30 Catisolow Seek Velesleeshaiee Optieey ane 7518 Chrysophyllum oliviforme........-. 135,30 Ceanothus spinosus ..... rere ye 3611 Cladrastis tinctoria ................ 6216 Ceanothus thyrsitlorns ...... ...... 3711 Clammy Locust..........-. 0.2... 59 15 Cedar, Oregon.........- oe cooees - - 28163 Cliftonia ligustrina .............66. 30 10 Cedar, Re Ue iise ceca ece opera Veabase 27762 Clusia tlava ............--..-..---- 11 6 Cedar, Stinking ................... 27161 Coccoloba Floridana ..........-.... 168,36 Codar, White inet cecal atlW- Coccoloba parvifolia. ........-. .ee20- 16836 BODO) vis 'dcceidics vaceuvees scuees 28163 Coccoloba unifera........ 2.2... 20. 16937 Cedar, White (Chamecy paris sphie-; | Coe kspur HETRORN sg o'0:5.6:-6 00.0 sjereiciessdis 96'22 roidea) ROAR DN USE ab Ee iORe Or --. 283164 Cotfee Tree, Kentucky ..........--., 6516 Cedar, White (Libocedrus deeur rens) 286.65 Condalia obovata..............-.-- 33)10 Cedar, White (Thuya occidentalis) .. 28564 CONIFERLE 2.06 cone cece ee cee eee cone. = 62 CELASTRACE.E 2.00 cece eee sconces). ./10 Conocarpus erecta .......20.- 0.2 eee 108 25 ‘ eltis brevipes ..............0000-- 182 40 Coral Sumach .... 2... 0.2.2. ..200. 55 14 Celtis crassifolia..... paeneew sees . 184/40, Cordia Boissieri .........2..-..--+. 160 35 Celtis integrifolia ..... CMedweuvae base 18340, Cordia vloridana .... ...0 cee. seeees 16235 Celtia levigata sewe cece cues cece coee- 18340 Cordia Sebestena .........0..sccees 16135 Celtis longifolia .......seeee sees --- 183.40, Cordia speciosa ....00 2.5 cece eeeeees 16135

Celtis Mississippiensis ............. 183.40 Cork Eln, American......... 2.002. 18039

te ae sit eee . g a8

Connac Cornus § Cornus } Cotton ( Cotton

Cottonw Crab Ap Crab Ap Crab Ap Crab We Cratigu Cratweu Crategu Crategus Crategu Cratiegu Crategu Crategu Crategua Cratwegu Crategu Crategu Crategu Crativgu Crategu folia . Cratiegu Cratiegu Crataqua Crataegus Crategu Cratwgu Crategus Crativgu: Crategu Cratwegu Crategu: Crategui Cratagus Cueumbe Cucumbe Cupressus Cupressie Cupressu Cupressut Cupressus Cupressus Cupressu Cupressu Cupressus Cupressus CUPULIF Cypress, Cypress, Cypress,

Cyrilla’ p Cyrilla r CYRILLA

Dahoon — Deciduor

Name, Name, s 4 A

CORNACE.H cecces secede cece cccsee soles o MO DOMETt WiIllOW 2 coe cccccs cece coee« 166 36 Cornus Florida ....... eiegesee ace sen 11526 Devil Wood . 2.2... ccc. cone coe eee 15934 Cornus Nuttallii .......026-.... se2- 11626 Diospyros Texana...... 2... ...6 200+ 14482 Cotton Gum .... cc cee cece eeeeee --- 12127 Diospyros Virginiana ...........-.. 14331 Cotton Tree ...... ...e0. eeeeee----- 26659 Dipholis salicifolia............ . ee. 13730 Cottonwood ... . 0... econ. oes eee 267 60 Dogwood, Flowering............--- 11526 Crab Apple, American ........0.... 8721 Dogwood, Jamaica...... aiitegettense 61/15 Crab Apple, Narrow-leaved ........ 8621) Dogwood, Striped. ................. 5018 Crab Apple, Oregon .....-++00----- 8821 Douglas Spruce. ...... ....0. -ee eee 298 68 Crab Wood ...... 22.64 ilewiancs srelelaeie’s 3110 Downy Poplar... .........--...---- 26659 Cratigus wetivalis ...... ccc.e. cee. YOR2 Drimyphyllum pauciflorum. ...... 606+ 172.37 Cratwaus apiifolia ...... cece ee . coe 9122 Drypetes crocea.... 2... 2.2. eee eens 173: Cratwgus arborescens .........66.-- 9222) ‘Crataegus arbutifolia ...0 ce. eee cece W424 E. Cratwgus berberifolia.......... ese! a ed bpENACKas 31 Cratiegus coccinea ..... iiseaweescees Uae gg ere ree ewels Aall Cratiegas coccinea, var, populifolia. 9422) Ehretia Beurreria. .... 000+ Rapes eens 162.35

: wea 99| Ehretia elliptica ...........00.. 026. 163.35 Cratiegus coccinea, var. viridis. .... 9422) 7) 7. ] ; Pd ae Crataqgus coccinea, var, mollix «2, 10123 Phretia Havanensis .....-.+-+20+ ++. 16235

‘vedi OH. Appvd paar ab 95 22 Hhretia radula..... digeadeticeaee seca 162 35 Ceatogns cordaty veveecceeencoee| SSIS Bbvti mento sss STB Crategus Crus-galli, var. linearis... 9622 hn, WihiMGIL c... .oek kkk *" 49739 Crategus Crus-galli, var. ovalitolia.| 96 22 Elm. Minavlaan Cork... Palenie ee 18039 Cratwgus Crus-galli, var. prunifolia. 96 22, Elm. False . gronsereanee (7K Cratiegus Crus-galli, var. pyricanthi-, |_| Mini: Midke. Sern sca bee ate 17939

PONMIED pi ge tiieedeal-seceus eccand 9622 nw’ Pao meas ees Heme eet ** 18039 Crates He ELLE Elm Slippery... 0.00 amaay Crataqgus microcarpd ....0ce0 eee. +--+. 10023 mi! i aa OL eee reer eens ceee 179: Cratagus Mollis ... cee secccececcccs - 101 23 Mini White... .<cccccc... ee 77/39 Crategus punctata .............2.. 10223 ay Wi red dA RNRERE TSA ee aces a 99 176 38 Cratwgus rivularis...........0.-..., 9923 Banta MARYS Sha 0 9 tie sees Rea HFSS 20645 Crataegus sanguinea, var. Douglasit .. 97:23 Ert Clone. isteach eon ri Si Para ae (98 Crativgus spathulata ...........-66. 100 23 Hamann MiiOLi... once ccc One Cratiwgus species. ............ e008. LOSS URE or Uae Ursin seeestisocs cogs 11125 Cratiegus subvillosa............20-. 10123 Hngonindichovomn ...+.+-.+-- eer de rf Cratwgus tomentosa ............... 10223) AR ee Yves ale a Ie dite he ah Cratwegus tomentosa, var. punctata.. 102 23) by OTe WV hIEC OIC, ee aie ec iaiaiS 5330 an Cratagus tomentosa, var. mollis. ...... 101,23 E Bi Ldibit Y lucid PTS Sess SOO S.0 8:88 7 4 38 Cucumber Tree ies Aa Seep eat ane 1: 4 GUCOPCAVU CUCU ccc wee ccc wee sr ewece (4. Cucumber Tree, Long-leaved ....... 34 F

Cupressus Americand.... 2... eees see. 28264

Cupressus Goveniana 2... 22... cee 27863 Fagus ferrnginea. .........2.....-.. 24354 Cupressus Hartwegii ...... 2.26 2 cece 28063 Fagus pumild. .ccccececcee secceeccee 24153 Cupressus Lambertiana ..... BW we wae 28063 Fagus sylvestris. 6... .2c0 2.5 cece ees 243.54 Cupressus Lawsoniand. ...... 0... 066. 28163 False Box ...... 2... 2.2.2 cece eee ---- 3110 Cupressus Macnabiana ..........-.. 479163 False Elim . 1... ccc eee eee eee one ----- 18440 Cupressus macrocarpa. ....... 0666. 280.63 Fetid Buckeye. ..... Seb vcdeciesscine | 4011 Cupressus Nutkaensis............666. 28264 Ficus aurea...... 22.22. .0ee. eee es 18641 Cupressus Thyoities ......2. 2... cceeee 283.64 Ficus brevifolia..... oiceee pee beed 187/41 CUPULIFERE 2.0.22. ..000. 0005 ceeee.--- 45 Ficus pedunculata ..........06....- 188/41 Cypress, Bald....... 2 sew wes see cee. 20765 Fir, Balin of Gilead ...... vecece coe. 20/66 Cypress, Black..........-.......--. 287,65 Fir, Balsam..............---0.-0-6- 290'66 Cypress, Deciduous ...-.. 2.22.2... 28765 Fir, Red... .. 2.2... eee ee eee eee eee 29567 Cypress, Monterey . ........-.- ----. 28063 Fir, White... 0.2... cece cece ee Q9R67 Cypress, ite ...... OVER Rs ves einen 287 65) Flowering Dogwood ............-.. 115)26 Cyvilla Caroliniana .. 12.06. ceceee 29 9 Forked-leaf Black Jack ............ 210\46 Cyrilla’ paniculata ......-.... eee eee. 13330 Fox-tail Pine .... 0.222.202.2020. 2-22 31273 Cyrilla racemitlora. ................ 29) 9 Frangula Caroliniana ..........2e.-| 3410 CYRILLACE.E .... 0200 cece cece ee eeee vee) 9 Frangula Purshiana ....0. ..00.0ee .| 3511 | | | Franinus acuminata.........2202 +--+ 148/32 D. | | Brains alba 2.200. coc cee co cnees coee, 14832 ' | | Fraxinus Americana .............-., 14832

Dahoon Holly ...... rear er 27, 9 Fraxinus Americana (Fraxinus platy-

Deciduous Cypress..............-.. 28765 carpn)..... eC Re Vedat 153.33

ee ee aad a

seo Sime aon

epeiraberstae

=

ae ar tw er

Sac ai aS te eee

Fraxin Fi

Fraxin Fraxin Frazini Fraxin Fraxin Fraxin Fraxin Fraxin Fraxin Fraxina Fraxin Fraxin Fraxina Frazxin Frazini Fraxin Fraxin Fringe

Genip * Georgi: Georgi: Gledits Gledits

Guajae Gun, E Gum, C Gum, § Gum, § Gum T GUTTIF Gymnai Gymno

Hackbe Hackm

Name, Name,

Fraxinus anomala ...... oeeeesesese 14933 Halesia diptera ...... 0... cee eee eee 146 32

Frazinus Berlandierand .....00ceeeee 157 34 Halesia Srereu ter Wincelcosltenaeaea ver 147 82 Frazinua Caroliniana (Fraxinus pla- HAMAMELACE.E .cccee cece cece eeee one Oh URCBING) sis sige secede scedeseeeece 15333 Hard Pine........0. cece cess eeseees BILT2 Fraxinus Cavoliniana eldbighising viri- Haw, Apple ..........608 wonrcccoe: 90 22 TAY checdc uve dad voces cor ccecce ov EOPBAIHINW, BIROK. ccs sesccccescccenseses 124 28 Fraxinus concolor. ...c00.cccee veeces, 157 34 Haw, MAY dc60:6 cawscorvece coceeaees Ie Fraxinus coriaced ....2. eee Peaisans 15233 Haw ROHUner Shab Roa e eee ree MER RE 9823 Fraxinus Curtiasii....... seaeee +--+ ++ 14832 Hemlock .... 0.2.2. ee eee cece ce eee: 209 69 Fraxinus dipetala.................- 15033 Hercules’ Clul...... 2... cee see eee 114.26 Fraxinus epipterd..... 0.0.0. ..eecees 148 32 'Heteromeles arbutifolia.......... .. 10424 Fraxinus expannd. .. co. scccce veces: 157 34 Heteromeles Fremontiana .... 2... soe. 104/24 Ht Frazinus grand ONUisacnectsesiayee 15133 pager: Hi MECUVTONE.. 0000 cee eee wees 28665 ae | | Fraxinus — juglandifolia (Fraxinus Hickory, Brown 2... ececee scenes eee Q0R44 i Americann)...........sceeeeeeees 148 32 Hickory, Nutmeg............0..... 201,44 ite Fraxinus juglandifolia (Fraxinus viri- Hickory Pine ...... 2.2.06. .0e ceee oe BIQTS te CUB ee ised ba eeiaacabda cased seas 15734 Hickory, Shag-bark .............. - 1984 ee | PVaxinus Nigra 6.2... ceceen cess cues 15434 Hickory, Shell-bark ............... 198 43 Wd Fraxinus Oregana Wehaarwuscetivedees 151,33, Hic kory, Swamp ...... ceceee ceeeee 199 43 i) Frazinua pallida. ........06.- ah 33 Hickory, Thick Shell-bark ......... 203'44 mi Fraxinus pauciflora .. cocccs cocces coos 163:33 (Hickory, Water ............. 0.000. 200 44 Hae | Fraxinua Pe ennaylvanica Sasesesaeedas . 15434) Hickory, Western Shell-bark.. -- 203'44 Se | Fraxinus pistaciefolia............. 15233) Hickory, White 2. ... cece eee eee 1994 atte Fraxinus pistacivfolia, var, coriacea 152.33 Hickory, White-heart.............. 204 44 4) Fraxinus platycarpa .........--...- 15333 Hippomane Mancinella ........2..- 175: whit Fraxinus pubescens...... 2.200. ..0- 15434 Hoary Alder............. 220. eee. 25256 Fraxinus pubescens, var . ....2. eecee: 151 33 ae Plum.. i6 Ce awe bGaeeieelee RO Fraxinus quadrangulata ........... 15634 Holly, Ame ric “an. ceeeenedebhbees Ree ee | Fraxinus sambueifolia ............. 15534 Holly, Dahon .coe...2scvcceesssccss! GUND wil Fraxinus tomentosa ....0. 000 .-++ 0006 18434 Honey BIGED VS 5, biesiars do ects sueeinerhe'sls 4412 tid Praxinus triptera . « ceceee cocces 153.33 Honey Locust (Gleditschia triacan- | Mee Fraxinus velutina . 0.022. vecces cecces 152 33 thos)........ f . 6717 ee || | Fraxinus viridis . eecccccccecees 157,34 Honey Locust (Prosopis julifiora). . -- 72:18 Fraxinus viridis, v ‘ar. Berlandierana 15734 Hopea tinctored ...... 0.200220. eeeeee 14532 BEING TVCG sscecsiccccsecccccececnss 15834 Hornbeam, American .............. 24554 HEE G Horse Sugar. ges tancesies* novess te c+ ARIE aid Hi Hypelate paniculata ............... 4412 ee Gonip Tree .... 2... cccces cecces cece 4412 Hypelate trifoliata................. 45 12 i | | Georgia Bark ............ seceee +--+ 125.28 I iy | Georgia Pay Aakers cnn coeeer¢ +7 GLU ; ta Gleditschia monosperma . eeceee 6617 Ilex Dahoon...... 0.0... . ce ceee ee. 2 YY hae Gleditschia triacanthos ............ 67.17 Tex opacn. 20. cece. ceceee eee ee ee 28 9 rt Gordonia Lasianthus. .............- 12) GRELICINE AD. . oc ciecesc ce ceccescccsweweis espe fi | Gordonia pubescens ........-.. 26. 13 6 Inga Unguis-Cati ......- 2-2. cee eee 75 18 se Grape, Sen ceeeDes - 16937 Iron Wood (Bumelia lycioides)..... 14031 | Gray Birch (Betula ‘alba, var pop Iron Wood al (Carpinns C aroliniana).. 24554 it lifolia) ......... dead seeds MMIMMEUY va gheretsess ascasacces sens cvs as 9 OOMG ql ay Birch (Hetula inten). secees cee 24855 j it Gray Pine.............. ceeeeeaees BIB 73 Mae | fy | Great Laurel . eeee cece eee cewees coee 13129 Jack, Blue .... veces. QI146 4 Green-bark Acacia. seeccceseces 6917 Jack, Forked-leaf Black . --ecee 21046 hh Guiacum angustifolium .. Loewen esccwebelelgruy Jamaica Dogwood . weheeuce acest GLLD fy | Guaiacum sanctum 2.0... ..05.. eee 16 7 Jersey Pine...... 2.00. eeeeee ee. B21 75 Wi GUMGAONN oa. csccc cc's ose ch ecileead’s 17,7 Judas Tree (Cercis Canade nsis). . . 7017 Bi Gum, Black .................2000 12027 Judas Tree (Cercis oc cidentalis) .. - 17 re Gum, Cotton .... 2.0.2.0... cece eee 12127 JUGLANDACE.A ...... cece ceeene es 0. 42 ii | Gum, Sour ...... 2.2.2 cece ce eee ees LID SF TUglans AMATA ..0. 2. eee eee cece 199 43 i i Gum, Sweet ........0. .20. 00-2 cee 106.24 Suglans anguatifolia .............-., 19943 HA Gum Tree ........ 2.2. seceee see ee - 118 26 Juglans aquatica .......2-- 000+ ee: 200.44 i GUTTIFERAE ...... 000 eee eeee eee -ae. 6 Juglans Californica.............--- 194 42 Gymnanthes lucida............-. 5... 17438 Juglans cathartica ......-- ....2. 2005 195.42 Gymnocladus Canadensis .........- 6516 Juglans cinerea........-......-...- 19542 H Juglans glabra ...........-.00.-2--+ 20244 Juglans myristicwfor Mi8 coo. eeeee---- QOMAL Hackberry ....0..5.. 2055 s.0.00- ..+. 18440 Juglans nigra... 2... 2... cece. -- 196.43

HAGKMATIG 5... ose s cise os cecceves 307.71 Juglans obcordata. 1... .......++. eee. 20244

Junipert gens) Junipert sperms Junipert Juniper Tuniperu Junipert

Kalinia Kentack

Laguneu Larch, A Larch, B Large Tt Large-le: Larix Av Lariz An Larix int Larix Ly Larix ma Larix oc Larix per LAURACI Laurel . Laurel, | Laurel, ( Laurel, ( Laurel, } Laurel O Laurel O Laurus B Laurus C Laurus S& LEGUMI) Libocedr Lignum | Lilac, Ce LILIACE: Lime, Og Lime Tre Liquidan Liquidan Liriodent Live Oak Live Oak Live Oak Loblolly

+ Name. ow Name,

é A Juglans oblonga .......cccceseeeeees 19542 Loblolly Pine 0... ..... cee cee eee SUB TY Suglans porcind .........0 cece cece 0c BOREAS Locnat 2.0.00 cceccesecccsvccead cone Sr 15 Juglans rupestris .......066 cee. eee 197.43 Locust, Clammy.. 50 15 Juglana rupestris, var, major ........ 194 42 Locust, Honey (Gleditse hia triacan: | UMM IOUEY cccsee cece vceewetesoeene 105 24 thos) REVERE CURRUMEEE RED ESE CALS weT 67,17 Juniperus Andina.. s vecwes cocces 27462 Locust, Honey (Prosopis julitlora) ..) 7215 Juniperns Californica voc... ..c0ce 0 27462 Locust, Water. 2.2.0... ..20e0 eee 6617 Juniperus Californica, var, Utahensis 27462 Log WNP ees, Cocacsucukixskeses 33 10 Juniperus Cerrvosianus......-seeeeee: 27462 Long-leaved Cucumber Tree ....... 3 4 Tuniperus excelad ...00 secccess-ee0e 22062 Long-leaved Pine . ed.ccce vneeeeiOhe Om Juniperus occidentalis ........ . 275 602 | a cod occidentale (Junipe rus Ca M. MOEINUH) nv bicnetovcussivens cece’ 274 62 Juniperus occidentalis, var, ? conjun- Maclura aurantiaca ........ 6... eee. LOO 41 QO) cass cee vacene’s ec ceeese - 27562 Madeira Wood... ........ 02... e ceee 4412 Juniperus oc vide ntalis, var, mono- RINCLOUG Vhete hiv teedes vescaceconse 126 23 BPEL) 2... eee eee ceweee sees coos 27562 Magnolia acuminata.............6. 14 Juniperus pac hy OWNGBisuvpeicviieces 27662 Magnolia auriculata 2... ..60 0.00 eens 34 Juniperus plochyderma ...........005 27662 Magnolia cordata ...............66 24 Juniperus tetragona, var, labia ma. 27462 Magnolia Fraseri ...............-6. 34 Juniperus Virginiana .............. 27762 Magnolia glauca...... 0.2... - cece es 44 | Magnolia grandiflora. ............6. 5 4 K. Magnolia macrophylla ............. 6 5 Magnolia Tree, Large-leaved....... 65 Kalinia latifolia so... 0.0... ee ee, 13029 Magnolia tr ipetala Se Haeeekee eek Mae Ns 75 Kentacky Cottve Tree... ... 2.2.6... 6516 Magnolia Umbre me eae Rixt baleiwude es 75 MAGNOLIACE.E .oce ce cece ee cece ween vee, A L. Mahogany ......-scccee cece ceeecces 24:5 Mahogany Birch............... 2.6. 247 55 Laguncularia racemosa .........--- 10925 Mahogany, Mountain .............. 84 20 Larch, American. ...........0.2---6: 307.71 Malus anguatifolia.... 2... 2... ...005 86 21 Larch, Black ........cce0scessesces 307,71 Malus coronaria ...........06. eee eee 87 21 Large Tupelo ...... 2.2.2... eee eee 121 7 Malus vivularis.... 0.2... eee eee 88 21 Large-leaved Magnolia Tree........ 6 5 Manchineel ........5... 0.20.0. ..206. 17538 Larix Americana ................6- 307.71 Manchineel, Bouutain.. coeeseeee SOLA Lariz Americana, var. brevifolia ..... 30072 Mangrove ....0. 2-02. cece eee e eens 107 25 Larix intermedia ...........00020000- 30771 Mangrove, White(Avicennia nitida) 167 86 Larix Lyallii ....................-. 30872 Mangrove, White (Laguneularia ra- Lavix Macrocarpa....cecee sseeceees SOBT1:, CeMOSB) ........ cece ccccce ce eenees 109 2: Larix occidentalis ........... . 309.72 Manzanita (Arctostaphylos glauca) . 12830 Larix preene cece ee eens coc cceeee ee 807 71 Manzanita (Arctostaphylos pungens), 12728 LAURACE.E. eee ea bash bee ‘37 Maple, Ash-leaved ................. 53/14 IGANG a Uvehiciesanwercéecesuaed ceatex » 13029 al Black Sugar............-... 5220 POMPOM HU ss o'ciss ss vlessleseeeesceeive 5 4 Maple, Red.............. 000. . eee 5113 Laurel, California ...........0....- 172.37 Maple, Rock GaGa yeied as be'sa ORER Laurel, GTGRE iss cess chee kawer tien td 13129 Maple, GBH iy isd vaviwess soos suse 47 12 Laurel, Mountain...............2.. 17237 Maple, Striped .... 2.0.2.2... 22-24. 5018 Laurel Oak (Quercus imbric 5 . 222.48 Maple, Sugar............0.-. ceeeee 5213 Laurel Oak (Quercus laurifolia) .... 22449 Maple, Swamp ................---- 5113 Laurus Borbonica .............. 46. 17037 Maple, Vine ............-...... see. 4612 Laurus Carolinensis..........-2.206- 170.37 Maple, White .................2... 47 12 Laurus Sassafras ..........---.0002 UTLEY ERO: sence et Nine deeisieccwee sadic 9022 LEGUMINOS.E..... 02-6... eee eee 15 MELIACE® . Eee ooabesp ee eee Libocedrus decurrens ....... . 28665: Melicocca panic WME de sinc sacmencs 4412 Lignum Vitw...................... PEO MMONBEU Fe ccc b ccelg as owecsceceunesees 7218 Lilac, California................... 37.11, Mespilus arborea.... 2.0... ..0.20 6055 10524 TTT YA OMAR sige es ce ac acs wewececaswelelne (80 Mespilus arbutifolia...............-. 104/24 Lime, Ogeechee ..........----+ +26. 117.26 (Mesquit, Screw-pod..............-. 73:18 Lime Tree ..............200.-+- 000.) 141 6 Mexican Persimmon ..........-.... 14432 Liquidambar Sty racifina aca sers‘vieigie' nla 106 24) | Mimusops dissecta. .....eceee.---- +. 14231 Liquidamber .............--000-0es 10624 Mimusops Sieberi...............--./ 14231 Liriodendron Tulipifera.. svesaeuee | 8 5) Mock COT Cr ae eee i eee preer | 7719 Live Oak (Quercus oblongifolia). . 23050 'Mocker Nut ........ 2.2.00. .020 000 '204:44 Live Oak (Quercus virens) ......... |238}52 | Momisia (Celtis) pallida............. 185/40 Live Oak, California............... 212.46: Monterey Cypress.......--.-.-+ +++: 280.63

Loblolly Bay .......-.. .0c00s ceccee 12 6 Monterey Pine.............. 2.22065 32275

i a a NR NR A tI am tre a MT

et

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it /

Ky '

|

ne bi

Was |

¥ |

oa

i

i

|

Seamer |,

Moose KE Moone V Morua C Morus ri Mossy-e Mountai Mountai Mountai Mountai Mountai Monntai

MYRTACI

Narrow-] Nase Bet Negundo Negundo Necklace Norway ] Nut, Bitt Nut, Moe Nut Pine Nut Pine Nut, Pig Nutmeg, Nutmeg I Nuttallia Nyssa aq uVy nae aqu Nyssa aqui Nyasa bifl Nyssa can Nyssa cay Nyssa Ca Nysse gra Nyssa mu Nyssa mul Nyssa syh Nyasa tom Nyssa uni Nyssa vill

Oak, Bart Oak, Blac Ouk, Blac Onk, Blue Oak, Bun Oak, Cali Oak, Ches Oak, Ever Oak, Law Oak, Lam Oak, Live Oak, Live

INDEX.

. 3 Name, ; he e Name, 3 3» Z& zz ih

AOTUTTT ETC LRTI ELIT Te 17030 Oak, Mossy-cnp White ...........65 4

rece ceosveckLvenekeenks 5018 Oak, Mountain White ............., 21547 Morus Canadensis .... 0.0... ceeeeees 189.41 Oak, Over-cup (Quercus lyrata).... 22649 | Morus rubra ........cceecesceeeee ss LAD 4T Onk, Over-cup (Quercus macrocar- lh Mossy-cup White Oak ...c.0 cee. cee QUT AD ) conn cece ceewee cee eee cee eeees 22740 ) Mountain Ash, American........... 8521 Ovk, Pin .......... pecoce cece codecs |\MEEOO i Mountain Laurel .... 2.00062. .eeeee 17237 Oak, Post ...... PATEL eT 235 51 ae | Mountain Mahogany ...........-06: 8420, Oak, Red... 2.2... cee eee cone cocces W354 51 | Mountain Manchineel.............. 6514 Oak, Rock Chestnut ........006...- 23351 i ig Mountain Plum........ceeeseeeeees 25 9 Oak, Rocky Mountain Scrub ....... 237 Sz 1 | Mountain White Onk ............+. 21547 Onk, Scarlet .... 2.2... ccees coos coos BIB 47 Mh Mulberry, Red .......... 2... seeeee 18041 Oak, Serwh...... 2... ccc cece cece t Mylocarium liguatrinum .... 2.6.5 e006 3010, Oak, Shingle ..... ° ‘| | Myrica Calitornien...............4. 205 45 Oak, Spanish............ cee ee ees ik DEVRIGACRAR noc cc ceccweecccscecestlens 45 Oak, Swamp Post....... eeeds secect 226 40 MYRSINACHAD .. 0.00 cccccccccccccces ove 29 Oak, Swamp Spanish .............. 233150 Myreine floribunda ...... 0.6.65 .0000 13220 Oak, Swamp White........ 2... 2... 200.46 Myraine Flovidana ........0-20+ cece 13229 Oak, Turkey ...... 0... .cce eens woes 210.46 Myrsine Rapanea .............. 068. 13229 Oak, Upland Willow.........-. 06. 21146 MEVRPACHIR soi Sc cccctecccscccct cscs 8s 2 Oak, Water...... 2.0... ccc eee eee 208 45 Oak, Water White................. 226 40 N. Oak, White ....6. 0.0... cee eee vec ees 207 4 GA WD OW 6 veces sccscccacecnsces 232.50 Narrow-leaved Crab Apple ......... 86:21 Oak, Yellow-barked ........... 666. 23651 Naae Betry ...5.. 22.000 veces cccece 14231 Ogeechee Lime ............ 0002 eee 117.26 Negundo aceroides...............6- 5314 Ohio Buckeye... ......... ce eeee eee 4011 Negundo Californicum ............. A414 OLACINEE 2.60. cee ee cee eee ccc eee eee 9 Necklace Poplar ...............206. 267 60 OLEACE.K. 0. ccc cece ee cece ee cece ewes cee 32 Norway Pine ...................-.-. 838177 Old Field Birch..............2....- 246 55 INUIUT EICCOL 6 oe We cceeecavtibabcessewes 199 43, Old Field Pine. ............ ..0000e- 33679 Nut, Mocker........-20. cece ccccess 204 44 Olea Americana. ...... 0.2... cee eeeee 159; Nut Pine (Pinus edulis)............ 317.74 Olive, California...............00.. 172.37 Nut Pine (Pinus monophylla) ...... $2576 Olneya Tesota ...........-.eeccee-- BOIS NUD IG heevhgastdoeesbncceces ees 202 44 Ovegon Ash... 2... 2... cceeee cece cone 15133 Nutmeg, California ................ 27061 Ovegon Cedar...... 12... eee cece cee 281 63 Nutmeg Hickory .................-. 201.44 Oregon Crab Apple ..........6. e0e 88 21 Nuttallia cerasiformis........00.2-. 8320 Oreodaphne Californica......... e000. 17237 Nyasa aquatica (Nyssa Caroliniana) . 11826 Ornus dipetala.... 22... ceeeeeceeees L038 Nyaa aquatica (Nyssa multifiora) ... 11927 Osage Orange .... 0.220. seeees ceeeee 190 41 Nyssa aquatica (Nyssa uniflora) ..... 12127, Osmanthus Americanus ............ 15934 Nyss DiMOVA 0.0. cece cece eee eee 11927 Oso Berry ... 0.2... cee cee eee coc ees 8320 Ny 880 CANMICANS .ccce.ceeceeceeeeees 11726, Ostrya Americand .... ceceee coos coos 24454 Nyssa capitata 2... ........- eee eee 117 26: Ostryva Virginica....... 2.262. cee ee BANG Nyssa Caroliniana ...............-. 11826, Ostrya vulgaris...... cecces cece cee 244 54 Nyasc grandidentata ..cc00....eesee. 121.37, Over-cup Oak (Quercus lyrata)..... 226 49 Nyssa multiflora .... 00... .....0.66. 119 27; Over-cup Oak (Quereus macrocarpia) 227 49 Nyssa multiflora, var. sylvatica ...... 12027 Oxydendrum arborenn. ..........-. 12929 Nyssa sylvaticn .... 00. 22. cece eee 12027 Niyand tomentond ...006.2ecee cece cece 121 27 P. Nyssa uniflora... ...20. cece eee. 19127 Nywnd villond ..- 20. ceccce cee ees scene 12027 Paliurus Tewensis ..cccc. cece ee wwees. 3210 PALMACEA 6200 ccc cccqeccce coos cece 200 GD 0, Palmetto, Cabbage ................ 33879 | Palo Verde .. 22... secees cece s coe.) GY Cake BUTrOU ei sks. ce eso oe o) RRDBONRANAW. 0. vecs ccieses caccns coccss wane 10 5 OAR DIGG. oii sicw sees ceedeceb ones 23651, Paper Birch ....... 00.6. se0e- ee. QOL 56 Oak, Black Jack 2.2... 0.000. eee eee 22950 Parkinsonia florida ......2......... 6817 ORF BIUG a sdeh cecketecid casts veeel 215.47, Parkinsonia Torreyana............. 6917 OaK; BOTs oo debe cele ccc ads 227 49, Pavia flava... 2... .0..ceeens ween cess 39 11 Oak, California Live............-... 21246 Pear Thorn. ... 0.0... 0.2.20 eee eee 102.23 Oak, Chestnut .........0..-..-.-... W351 Pepperidge ...... 00... 22. eee eee 41927 Oak, Evergreen White ............. 23050, Persea Borbonica ....... 6006-222 00-2 17037 Oak, Laurel (Querens imbricarin) ...222 48, Persea Carolinensis ...... 2.2... .... 17037 Oak, Laurel (Quercus laurifolia) ... 22449 Persea Sassafras... -.. 00.02. cece eens 171.37 Oak, Live (Querens oblongifolia). ..'23050 Persimmon .......... .eceeeceeeee ee 14331

Oak, Live (Quercus virens) ........ 23852 Persimmon, Mexican. .............- 14432

Photinia Photinia Picea al Picea ba Picea br Picea Ca Picea co Picea E Picea gr Picea ni Picea nol Picea pv Picea ru Picea Si Pickering Pig Nut Pigeon ] Pin Oak Pinckne Pifion .. Pine, B

Pine, F

Pine, G

Pine, G

Pine, He

Pine, Sp Pine, Sp Pine, Su, Pine, Sv Pine, Ta Pine, Wi Pine, WI Pine, WI] Pine, Ye Pine, Ye Pine, Ye Pinus ad Pinus alb Pinus all Pinus am Pinus ari Pinus At Pinus au Pinus Be Pinus Ba Pinus ba Pinus Bz Pinus Be

Name. sit Name, 312 Am A=

Photinia arbutifolia. ......200. 2-22. 10424 Pinns Benthamiana ...... 222006 c006 - SQ9 17 Photinia salicifolia..............066- 104 24 Pinus Bolanderi . cheveteevapeseci Shore Picea alba... .20. cece cone cece eee 30210) Pinus bracteata. ...... cecees cece cece 291 66 Picea balsamed .......-.- eee eee- 200 06 Pinus Californica (Pinus 6 insignis) «+ - 822.75 Pivea bracteata ...0 2.00. cece coos = + 166 Pinus Californica (Pinus tuberculata) 337 79 Picea Canadensis ........-...--- eee. 299 69 Pinus Canadensis ........... 0.00500. 299 69 Picea concolor .......---- disbisieaeisiens 292.67 | Pinus cembroides.............. ceseee 31974 Picea Engelmanni ............... - 30870 Pinus Chihnahnana................ 31473 Picea grandis...... Biveidee ete ceeelies 29467 Pinus clausa.........-... 0002.22 2ee 32175 Picea nigra...........-...00..----- 30470 Pinus commutatd.c.ce. .cceee cece ceee 303.70 Picea nobilis ..... 0.0 cee. cee coe ees QEG8 Pinus concolor... ...cce cece cece eens 292 67 Picea pungens ....... .........---. 30571 Pinus contorta ...............2.... 31573 Picea rubra ....... eee cecees ---ee0-- 30470 Pinus contorta, var. Murrayana .... 31573 Picea Sitchensis ..............-...- 30671 Pinus contorta, var. latifolia.........% 31578 Pickeringia paniculata ..........--.-.. 13330 Pinus contorta (Pinus contorta, var. Pig Nut -.... 2... 000+ cesses eens 20244) Murrayana) ...........--22 2-22: 31573 Pigeon Plum ........-.....-+++---- 16836 Pinus Coulteri....... 2.222.222.2065. 31674 UO Bea eng sins osicc. seg wie biweec eee 23150 Pinus Craigana.........ceee ee eee eee 329 77 Pinckneya pubens ................. 125 28 Pinus defer . 0.0.6 ce ccee ceceee woes 32977 MUNG care se Seep. sdeae ewes cave! 31774 Pinus Edgariana ...... 0.06 --++ ee0+ - 32776 Pine BROWN. oss ccc ces woeecees 311.72 Pinus edulis ....... 0... ..eee. eee eee 31774 Pine, Fox-tail ..................... 31273 Pinus Elliottii..................... 31874 Pine, Georgia........-.....-...-..- 31172 Pinns flexilis ...... 0.2.0.2. .022 008. 31974 Pine, Gray .....................-.. 31373 Pinus flexilis, var. albicaulis .......319:74 Pine, Hard ....... SRUPATS cine sce sakes 31172) Pinus Fraseri .. 2.2. ceuees cece eeeeee 293 67 Pine, Hickory .................-... 31273 Pinus Fremontiana ..........2. 0.2. 325 76 Pine, Jersey ....- 2.2.2.5 0s seen 32175 Pinus glabra. .... 2.2.2... eee ee 82075 Pine, Loblolly wc cce pec ees cece ce cece SOTO! PINUS PTANTIB 2.00 cc nne wenn ween eens 294 67 Pine, Long-leaved ................. 31172) Pinus Hudsonica ..........02. ceeee: 31373 Pine, Monterey .............-....-. 32275 Pinus inops......-.222. eee. eee eee $2175 Pittey NOLway <. cece ce cece 33177 Pinus inops, var. clausa...... 6... 32175 Pine, Nut (Pinus edulis) ........... 317 74) Pinus inops (Pinus contorta)........ 31573 Pine, Nut oe monophylla).... .. 82576 Pinus inops (Pinus contorta, var. Pine, Old Field ss eeee cece cesces SHU 79) Murrayana) ..... 2... seccee eee 31573 Pine, Pitch... Sbwits weeee sees 30278 Pinus insignis Ter rer Te ret 32275 Pine, Pond ........... 0.0.2.2... - 338478 Pinus Jeffreyi ... 22. 2-2. cee eee wee 329 77 PATONG cL volte se bce caeesereceersisk 33177 Pinus Lambertiana ................ 32375 Pine, Rosemary. . weeeeee - 38679 Pinus Llaveana 2... ..02.. 22 cece oe -- 32876 Pine, Serub (Pinus: Banksiana) aa dare 31373 Pinus Lyallit.. cc. ee ce eee cee eee 30872 Pine, Scrub (Pinus inops) .......... 32175 Pinus macrocarpa (Larix Americana) 30771 Pine, Short-leaved ................. 32476 Pinus macrocarpa (Pinus Coulteri) .. 31674 Bin SBM eres toicv cies sede clecce'els 33679) Pinus Menziesit ..cee. .. eee ce eee eee 3067 Pine, Southern ........ eeeee S11 72 Pinus Mertensiana.... 02.00. 2... «+. 30069 Pine, Spruce (Pinus glabr a). --. 32075 Pinus mitis...... 0.0.2.2... 00. eee 324 76 Pine, Spruce (Pinus itis) ......... 32476 Pinus monophylla ................. 32576 Pine, Sugar. ...... 0.0... ce eee eee S28 75 Pinus monticola ....0. 00... eee. SOTO Pine, Swamp .. ...... ..000. ce ee wees 328679 Pinus murieata ............ eee eee 327 76 Pine, Table Mountain... ............ 338077 Pinus Marvayund ....0. ....2. ee eee 31573 Pine, Weymouth. .................. 33578 Pinus nigra ...... 0... eee cee wee 304 70 Pine, White (Pinus flexilis) ........ 319.74 Pinus nobilis ...... 0 ..2....06. - 296 68 Pine, White (Pinus Strobus)........ 335.78 Pinus Nuttallii cc... ccc. cee cee 309 72 Pine, Yellow (Pinus australis)... .... 311,72) Pinus palustris .... 0.2... 02..-.0006- BILT2 Pine, Yellow (Pinus mitis)..........: 324.76 Pinus Parryana...... 0.0... 0.026. 328 76 Pine, Yellow (Pinus ponderosa) .... 32977 Pinus Pattoniand....-. 2... 6 cee ees 301 69 Pinus adancd. ...0. 6... c ee cee eee oe. 82275 Pinus penditla. .... cee cece eee ee BOT TL Pinusalba ..........-..ceceee..---. 30270 Pinus ponderosa... .. 2... .....-..... 82977 Pinus albicaulia 2.0. 0... 6c ee eee 319-74 Pinas ponderosa .... 0... ...2 60 ee eee 32977 Pinus amabilia.... 2.0... ee cee eee eee 294 67 Pinus ponderosa, var. Jeffreyi...... 32977