THE
BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN
PUBLISHED^BY
THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
Editorial Board
ARTHUR L. COLWIN, Queens College, New York ROBERT K. JOSEPHSON, Case Western
Reserve University DONALD P. COSTELLO, University of
North Carolina CHARLES B. METZ, University of Miami
PHILIP B. DUNHAM, Syracuse University HOWARD A. SCHNEIDERMAN, University of
FRANK M. FISHER, JR., Rice University California, Irvine
_ „ MELVIN SPIEGEL, Dartmouth College
CATHERINE HENLEY, University of
North Carolina STEPHEN A. WAINWRIGHT, Duke University MEREDITH L. JONES, Smithsonian Institution CARROLL M. WILLIAMS, Harvard University
W. D. RUSSELL-HUNTER, Syracuse University Managing Editor
VOLUME 141
JULY TO DECEMBER, 1971
Printed and Issued by
LANCASTER PRESS, Inc.
PRINCE &. LEMON STS.
LANCASTER, PA.
11
THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN is issued six times a year at the Lancaster Press, Inc., Prince and Lemon Streets, Lancaster, Penn- sylvania.
Subscriptions and similar matter should be addressed to The Biological Bulletin, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Agent for Great Britain: Wheldon and Wesley, Limited, 2, 3 and 4 Arthur Street, New Oxford Street, London, W. C. 2. Single numbers, $5.00. Subscription per volume (three issues), $14.00.
Communications relative to manuscripts should be sent to Dr. W. D. Russell-Hunter, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 between May 23 and September 1, and to Dr. W. D. Russell-Hunter, P.O. Box 103, University Station, Syracuse, New York 13210, during the remainder of the year.
Second-class postage paid at Lancaster, Pa.
LANCASTER PRESS, INC., LANCASTER, PA.
CONTENTS
No. I.AUGUST, 1971 PAGE
Annual Report of the Marine Biological Laboratory 1
ANDERSON, ROBERT S.
Cellular responses to foreign bodies in the tunicate Molgula manhattensis (DeKay) 91
BlRKELAND, CHARLES, Fu-SHIANG CHIA AND RlCHARD R. STRATHMANN
Development, substratum selection, delay of metamorphosis and growth in the seastar, Alcdiasfcr acqnalis Stimpson 99
CHILDRESS, JAMES J.
Respiratory adaptations to the oxygen minimum layer in the bathypelagic mysid Gnathophausia ingcns 109
FERGUSON, JOHN CARRUTHERS
Uptake and release of free amino acids by starfishes 122
JONES, JACK COLVARD
On the heart of the orange tunicate, Ecteinascidia tiirbinata Herdman ... 130
JONES, P. C. T.
The effects of light and temperature on ATP level as a means of determin- ing aggregation in the cellular slime molds 146
LEGNAME, ARNALDO H., SILVIA N. FERNANDEZ AND DORA C. MICELI
Respiratory regulation in Bit jo arcnarinn eggs 154
ROBERTS, MORRIS H., JR.
Larval development of Pagiinis longicarpus Say reared in the laboratory. IV. Aspects of the ecology of the megalopa 162
ROCKSTEIN, MORRIS
The distribution of phosphoarginine and phosphocreatine in marine in- vertebrates 167
SCHWARZ, ABBY
Swimbladder development and function in the haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus L 176
SUMMERS, WILLIAM C.
Age and growth of Loligo pealei, a population study of the common Atlantic Coast squid '. 189
No. 2. OCTOBER, 1971 COOK, DAVID G.
The Tubificidae (Annelida, Oligochaeta) of Cape Cod Bay. II. Ecology and systematics, with the description of Phallodrilus parviatriatus nov. sp. 203
iv CONTENTS
FAN KBONER, PETER V. PAGE
Intracellular digestion of symbiontic zooxanthellae by host amoebocytes in giant clams (Bivalvia: Tridacnidae), with a note on the nutritional role of the hypertrophied siphonal epidermis 222
GOOCH, JAMES L. AND THOMAS J. M. SCHOPE
Genetic variation in the marine ectoproct Schizoporclla errata 235
GOREAU, THOMAS F., NORA I. GOREAU AND C. M. YONGE
Reef corals : Autotrophs or heterotrophs? 247
HASTINGS, J. \\ . AND GEORGE MITCHELL
Endosymbiotic bioluminescent bacteria from the light organ of pony fish . 261
LANG, FRED
Induced myogenic activity in the neurogenic heart of Liuntlus polyphemus 269
LESH-LAURIE, GEORGIA E.
Observations on pseudocolonial growth in hydra 278
MACKLIN, MARTIN AND ROBERT K. JOSEPH SON
The ionic requirements of transepithelial potentials in Hydra 299
McCLAY, DAVID R.
An autoradiographic analysis of the species specificity during sponge cell reaggregation 319
MEIER, ALBERT H., Louis E. GARCIA AND M. M. JOSEPH
Corticosterone phases a circadian water-drive response to prolactin in the spotted newt, Notopthalinus viridescens 331
OLLA, BORI L. AND ANNE L. STUDHOLME
The effect of temperature on the activity of bluefish, Poiuatonuis saltatri.v
I : 337
PEARSE, VICKI BUCHSBAUM AND LEONARD MUSCATINE
Role of symbiotic algae (Zooxanthellae) in coral calcification 350
WEBB, K. L., R. E. JOHANNES AND S. J. COWARD
Effects of salinity and starvation on release of dissolved free amino acids by Dugesia dorotoccphala and Bdcllonra Candida (Platyhelminthes, Tur- bellaria) ' 364
Abstracts of papers presented at the Marine Biological Laboratory 372
No. 3. DECEMBER, 1971
JOSEPHSON, ROBERT K. AND ROGER C. HALVERSON
High frequency muscles used in sound production by a katydid. I. Organ- ization of the motor system 411
ELDER, HUGH Y.
High frequency muscles used in sound production by a katydid. II. Ultra- structure of the singing muscles 434
COOK, SUSAN BLACKFORD
A study of homing behavior in the limpet Siphonaria alternata 449
CONTENTS v
DE VLAMING, VICTOR L. PAGE The effects of food deprivation and salinity changes on reproductive func- tion in the estuarine gobiid fish, Gillichthys mirabilis 458
DIMOCK, RONALD V., JR. AND DEMOREST DAVENPORT
Behavioral specificity and the induction of host recognition in a symbiotic polychaete 472
GORE, ROBERT H.
Petrolisihes tridentatus: The development of larvae from a Pacific speci- men in laboratory culture with a discussion of larval characters in the genus ( Crustacea : Decapoda : Porcellanidae) 485
GWILLIAM, G. F. AND JOEL C. BRADBURY
Activity patterns in the isolated central nervous system of the barnacle and their relation to behavior 502
HENDLER, GORDON AND DAVID R. FRANZ
Population dynamics and life history of Crcpldnla convexa Say 514
KAMBYSELLIS, MICHAEL P. AND CARROLL M. WILLIAMS
In I'itro development of insect tissue. I. A macromolecular factor prere- quisite for silkworm spermatogenesis 527
KAMBYSELLIS, MICHAEL P. AND CARROLL M. WILLIAMS
hi I'itro development of insect tissues. II. The role of ecdysone in the spermatogenesis of silkworms 541
LUTZ, PETER L. AND JAMES D. ROBERTSON
Osmotic constituents of the coelacanth Latiincria clialnninac Smith 553
McMAHON, JOHN J. AND WILLIAM C. SUMMERS
Temperature effects on the development rate of squid (Loligo pealci) embryos 561
REISWIG, HENRY M.
Particle feeding in natural populations of three marine demosponges .... 568
THOMAS, MARY BETH AND CATHERINE HENLEY
Substructure of the cortical singlet microtubules in spermatozoa of Macro- stoiiimn (Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria) as revealed by negative staining. 593
Volume 141 Number 1
THE
BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN
PUBLISHED BY THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
Editorial Board
ARTHUR L. COLWIN, Queens College, New York ROBERT K. JOSEPHSON, Case Western
Reserve University DONALD P. COSTELLO, University of
North Carolina CHARLES B. METZ, University of Miami
PHILIP B. DUNHAM, Syracuse University HOWARD A. SCHNEIDERMAN, University of
California, Irvine FRANK M. FISHER, JR., Rice University
MELVIN SPIEGEL, Dartmouth College CATHERINE HENLEY, University of
North Carolina STEPHEN A. WAINWRIGHT, Duke University
MEREDITH L. JONES, Smithsonian Institution CARROLL M. WILLIAMS, Harvard University
W. D. RUSSELL-HUNTER, Syracuse University Managing Editor
AJUGUST, 1971
Printed and Issued by LANCASTER PRESS, Inc.
PRINCE & LEMON STS. LANCASTER, PA.
THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN
THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN is issued six times a year at the Lancaster Press, Inc., Prince and Lemon Streets, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
Subscriptions and similar matter should be addressed to THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts. 'Agent for Great Britain: Wheldon and Wesley, Limited, 2, 3 and 4 Arthur Street, New Oxford Street, London, W. C. 2. Single numbers, $5.00. Subscription per volume (three issues), $14.00, (this is $28.00 per year for six issues).
Communications relative to manuscripts should be sent to Dr. W. D. Russell-Hunter, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 between May 23 and September 1, and to Dr. W. D. Russell-Hunter, P.O. Box 103, University Station, Syracuse, New York 13210, during the remainder of the year.
Copyright © 1971, by the Marine Biological Laboratory Second-class-postage paid at Lancaster, Pa.
INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS
THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN accepts original research reports of intermediate length on a variety of subjects of biological interest. In general, these papers are either of particular interest to workers at the Marine Biological Laboratory, or of outstanding general significance to a large number of biologists throughout the world. Normally, review papers (except those written at the specific invitation of the Editorial Board), very short papers, preliminary notes, and papers which de- scribe only a new technique or method without presenting substantial quantities of data resulting from the use of the new method cannot be accepted for publication. A paper will usually appear within four months of the date of its acceptance.
The Editorial Board requests that manuscripts conform to the requirements set below; those manuscripts which do not conform will be returned to authors for correction before review by the Board.
i i f
1. Manuscripts. Manuscripts must be typed in double spacing (including figure legends, foot-notes, bibliography, etc.) on one side of 16- or 20-lb. bond paper, 8^ by 11 inches. They should be carefully proof-read before being submitted and all typographical errors corrected legibly in black ink. Pages should be numbered. A left-hand margin of at least 1| inches should be allowed.
2. Tables, Foot-Notes, Figure Legends, etc. Tables should be typed on separate sheets and placed in correct sequence in the text. Because of the high cost of setting such material in type, authors are earnestly requested to limit tabular material as much as possible. Similarly, foot- notes to tables should be avoided wherever possible. If they^are essential, they should be indi- cated by asterisks, daggers, etc., rather than by numbers. Foot-notes in the body of the text should also be avoided and the material incorporated into the text. Text foot-notes should be numbered consecutively and typed double-spaced on a separate sheet. Explanations of figures should be typed double-spaced and placed on separate sheets at the end of the paper. '
3. A condensed title or running head of no more than 35 letters and spaces should be included.
Continued on Cover Three
Vol. 141, No. 1 August, 1971
THE
BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN
PUBLISHED BY THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY SEVENTY-THIRD REPORT, FOR THE YEAR 1970 — EIGHTY-THIRD YEAR
I. TRUSTEES AND EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE (AS OF AUGUST, 1970) 1
II. ACT OF INCORPORATION 4
III. BYLAWS OF THE CORPORATION 5
IV. REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 7
Addenda :
1. Memorials 15
2. The Staff 19
3. Investigators, Fellowships, and Students 32
4. Fellows and Scholarships 46
5. Training Programs 46
6. Tabular View of Attendance, 1966-1970 48
7. Institutions Represented 49
8. Friday Evening Lectures 51
9. Tuesday Evening Seminars 51
10. Members of the Corporation 53
V. REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN 81
VI. REPORT OF THE TREASURER. 82
I. TRUSTEES
Including Action of 1970 Annual Meeting
GERALD SWOPE, JR., Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Croton-on-Hudson, New York,
New York 10520
ALEXANDER T. DAIGNAULT, Treasurer, 7 Hanover Square, New York, New York 10005 JAMES D. EBERT, Director, President of the Corporation, and Director, Department of
Embryology, Carnegie Institution ROBERT T. WILCE, Clerk of the Corporation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
1
Copyright © 1971, by the Marine Biological Laboratory Library of Congress Card No. A38-518
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
EMERITI
WILLIAM R. ARMSTRONG, Falmouth, Massachusetts
PHILLIP B. ARMSTRONG, State University of New York, College of Medicine, Syracuse
DETLEV W. BRONK, The Rockefeller University
C. LALOR BURDICK, The Lalor Foundation
E. G. BUTLER, Princeton University
C. LLOYD CLAFF, Brockton, Massachusetts
KENNETH S. COLE, National Institutes of Health
PAUL S. GALTSOFF, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
RUDOLF T. KEMPTON, Vassar College
DOUGLAS MARSLAND, Marine Biological Laboratory
CHARLES W. METZ, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
CHARLES PACKARD, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
HAROLD H. PLOUGH, Amherst, Massachusetts
A. C. REDFIELD, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
CARL C. SPEIDEL, University of Virginia
A. H. STURTEVANT, California Institute of Technology ALBERT SZENT-GYORGYI, Marine Biological Laboratory W. RANDOLPH TAYLOR, University of Michigan
B. H. WILLIER, The Johns Hopkins University
CLASS OF 1974
ROBERT D. ALLEN, State University of New York at Albany
MICHAEL V. L. BENNETT, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
JOHN E. DOWLING, Johns Hopkins University
HARLYN O. HALVORSON, University of Wisconsin
J. WOODLAND HASTINGS, Harvard University
JAMES W. LASH, University of Pennsylvania
RICHARD S. MORSE, Wellesley, Massachusetts
CLARK P. READ, Rice University
H. BURR STEINBACH, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
CLASS OF 1973
JAMES CASE, University of California, Santa Barbara
ARTHUR L. COLWIN, Queens College
WILLIAM T. GOLDEN, New York, New York
GEORGE G. HOLZ, JR., State University of New York, Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse
SHINYA INOUE, University of Pennsylvania
CHARLES B. METZ, University of Miami
GEORGE T. SCOTT, Oberlin College
MALCOLM S. STEINBERG, Princeton University
EDGAR ZWILLING, Brandeis University
CLASS OF 1972
JOHN B. BUCK, National Institutes of Health ANTHONY C. CLEMENT, Emory University DONALD P. COSTELLO, University of North Carolina GEORGE H. A. CLOWES, JR., Harvard Medical School TERU HAYASHI, Illinois Institute of Technology ALBERTO MONROY, University of Palermo, Italy
TRUSTEES
JOHN W. SAUNDERS, JR., State University of New York at Albany HOWARD A. SCHNEIDERMAN, University of California, Irvine ANDREW SZENT-GYORGYI, Brandeis University
CLASS OF 1971
FRANK A. BROWN, JR., Northwestern University
D. EUGENE COPELAND, Tulane University
SEARS CROWELL, Indiana University
HARRY GRUNDFEST, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons
LEWIS H. KLEINHOLZ, Reed College
SAMUEL LENHER, Wilmington, Delaware
C. LADD PROSSER, University of Illinois
S. MERYL ROSE, Tulane University
W. D. RUSSELL-HUNTER, Syracuse University
STANDING COMMITTEES
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES
GERARD SWOPE, JR., ex officio TERU HAYASHI, 1971
ALEXANDER T. DAIGNAULT, ex officio JOHN B. BUCK, 1972
JAMES D. EBERT, ex officio JOHN E. DOWLING, 1973
CLARK P. READ, 1972 HARLYN O. HALVORSON, 1973 J. WOODLAND HASTINGS, 1971
LIBRARY COMMITTEE
JOHN B. BUCK, Chairman ARNOLD LAZAROW
GARLAND E. ALLEN DAVID A. Ross
CATHERINE HENLEY THOMAS J. SCHOPF
NORMAN B. RUSHFORTH T. FERRIS WEBSTER
RESEARCH SERVICES COMMITTEE
MARTIN MENDELSON, Chairman WILLIAM J. ADELMAN, JR.
H. A. DEPHILLIPS M. S. STEINBERG
ROBERT V. RICE DAVID A. YPHANTIS ANDREW SZENT-GYORGYI
SUPPLY DEPARTMENT COMMITTEE
FRANK M. FISHER, JR., Chairman SEARS CROWELL
MILTON FINGERMAN LIONEL I. REBHUN
W. D. RUSSELL-HUNTER ROBERT T. WlLCE
INSTRUCTION COMMITTEE
PHILIP B. DUNHAM, Chairman PHILIP GRANT
FRANCIS D. CARLSON AUDREY HASCHEMEYER
J. WOODLAND HASTINGS JOHN M. TEAL
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS COMMITTEE
PHILIPP STRITTMATTER, Chairman D. EUGENE COPELAND
JAMES W. GREEN TERU HAYASHI
CHARLES WYTTENBACH LEON P. WEISS
RADIATION COMMITTEE
S. J. COOPERSTEIN, Chairman DANIEL S. GROSCH
LASZLO LORAND GEORGE T. REYNOLDS
RONALD C. RUSTAD
RESEARCH SPACE COMMITTEE
J. WOODLAND HASTINGS, Chairman ARTHUR L. COLWIN
JAMES W. LASH WALTER S. VINCENT
JAMES F. CASE T. H. GOLDSMITH
COMMITTEE FOR THE NOMINATION OF OFFICERS
JOHN B. BUCK HARLYN O. HALVORSON
J. WOODLAND HASTINGS TERU HAYASHI
JOHN E. DOWLING CLARK P. READ
FOOD SERVICE COMMITTEE
GEORGE G. HOLZ, JR., Chairman JOHN M. ARNOLD
FR. J. D. CASSIDY S. J. COOPERSTEIN
GlLLES H. COUSINEAU RlTA GUTTMAN
A. FARMANFARMAIAN
COMPUTER SERVICES COMMITTEE
JOHN W. MOORE, Chairman MELVIN ROSENFELD, JR.
ARNOLD LAZAROW NORMAN B. RUSHFORTH
C. LEVINTHAL
II. ACT OF INCORPORATION
No. 3170
COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS
Be It Known, That whereas Alpheus Hyatt, William Sanford Stevens, William T. Sedgwick, Edward G. Gardiner, Susan Minns, Charles Sedgwick Minot, Samuel Wells, William G. Farlow, Anna D. Phillips, and B. H. Van Vleck have associated themselves with the intention of forming a Corporation under the name of the Marine Biological Laboratory, for the purpose of establishing and maintaining a laboratory or station for scientific study and investigation, and a school for instruction in biology and natural his- tory, and have complied with the provisions of the statutes of this Commonwealth in such case made and provided, as appears from the certificate of the President, Treasurer, and Trustees of said Corporation, duly approved by the Commissioner of Corporations, and recorded in this office;
Now, therefore, I, HENRY B. PIERCE, Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachu- setts, do hereby certify that said A. Hyatt, W. S. Stevens, W. T. Sedgwick, E. G. Gardi- ner, S. Minns, C. S. Minot, S. Wells, W. G. Farlow, A. D. Phillips, and B. H. Van Vleck,
ACT OF INCORPORATION -^
their associates and successors, are legally organized and established as, and are hereby made, an existing Corporation, under the name of the MARINE BIOLOGICAL LAB- ORATORY, with the powers, rights, and privileges, and subject to the limitations, duties, and restrictions, which by law appertain thereto.
Witness my official signature hereunto subscribed, and the seal of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts hereunto affixed, this twentieth day of March, in the year of our Lord One Thousand Eight Hundred and Eighty-Eight.
[SEAL] HENRY B. PIERCE,
Secretary of the Commonwealth
III. BYLAWS OF THE CORPORATION OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
(Revised August 12, 1966)
I. The members of the Corporation shall consist of persons elected by the Board of Trustees.
II. The officers of the Corporation shall consist of a Chairman of the Board of Trustees, President, Director, Treasurer and Clerk.
III. The Annual Meeting of the members shall be held on the Friday following the second Tuesday in August in each year at the Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, at 9 :30 A.M., and at such meeting the members shall choose by ballot a Treasurer and a Clerk to serve one year, and nine Trustees to serve four years, and shall transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting. Special meetings of the members may be called by the Trustees to be held at such time and place as may be designated.
IV. Twenty-five members shall constitute a quorum at any meeting.
V. Any member in good standing may vote at any meeting, either in person or by proxy duly executed.
VI. Inasmuch as the time and place of the Annual Meeting of members are fixed by these bylaws, no notice of the Annual Meeting need be given. Notice of any special meeting of members, however, shall be given by the Clerk by mailing notice of the time and place and purpose of such meeting, at least (15) days before such meeting, to each member at his or her address as shown on the records of the Corporation.
VII. The Annual Meeting of the Trustees shall be held promptly after Annual Meeting of the Corporation at the Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Special meetings of the Trustees shall be called by the Chairman, the President, or by any seven Trustees, to be held at such time and place as may be designated, and the Secretary shall give notice thereof by written or printed notice, mailed to each Trustee at his address as shown on the records of the Corporation, at least one (1) week before the meeting. At such special meeting only matters stated in the notice shall be considered. Seven Trustees of those eligible to vote shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting.
VIII. There shall be three groups of Trustees:
(A) Thirty-six Trustees chosen by the Corporation, divided into lour classes, each to serve four years. After having served two consecutive terms of four years each, Trustees are ineligible for re-election until a year has elapsed.
(B) Trustees ex officio, who shall be the Chairman, the Director, the Treasurer, and the Clerk.
C. Trustees Emeriti, who shall be elected from present or former Trustees by the Corporation. Any regular Trustee who has attained the age of seventy years shall con-
6 AXXUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
tinue to serve as Trustee until the next Annual Meeting of the Corporation, whereupon his office as regular Trustee shall become vacant and be filled by election by the Corpora- tion and he shall become eligible for election as Trustee Emeritus for life. The Trustees c.v oflicio and Emeriti shall have all the rights of the Trustees, except that Trustees Emeriti shall not have the right to vote.
The Trustees and officers shall hold their respective offices until their successors are chosen and have qualified in their stead.
IX. The Trustees shall have the control and management of the affairs of the Cor- poration. They shall elect a Chairman of the Board of Trustees who shall be elected an- nually and shall serve until his successor is selected and qualified and who shall also pre- side at meetings of the Corporation They shall elect a President of the Corporation shall also be the Vice Chairman of the Board of Trustees and Vice Chairman of meetings of the Corporation, and who shall be elected annually and shall serve until his successor is selected and qualified. They shall appoint a Director of the Laboratory for a term not to exceed five years, provided the term shall not exceed one year if the candidate has at- tained the age of 65 years prior to the date of the appointment. They may choose such other officers and agents as they may think best. They may fix the compensation and define the duties of all the officers and agents; and may remove them, or any of them except those chosen by the members, at any time. They may fill vacancies occurring in any manner in their own number or in any of the officers. The Board of Trustees shall have the power to choose an Executive Committee from their own number, and to dele- gate to such Committee such of their own powers as they may deem expedient. They shall from time to time elect members to the Corporation upon such terms and conditions as they may think best.
X. The Associates of the Marine Biological Laboratory shall be an unincorporated group of persons (including associations and corporations) interested in the Laboratory and shall be organized and operated under the general supervision and authority of the Trustees.
XI. The consent of every Trustee shall be necessary to dissolution of the Marine Biological Laboratory. In case of dissolution, the property shall be disposed of in such manner and upon such terms as shall be determined by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the Board of Trustees.
XII. The account of the Treasurer shall be audited annually by a certified public accountant.
XIII. These bylaws may be altered at any meeting of the Trustees, provided that the notice of such meeting shall state that an alteration of the bylaws will be acted upon.
RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED AT TRUSTEES' MEETINGS EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
I. RESOLVED:
(A) The Executive Committee is hereby designated to consist of not more than ten members including the ex officio members who shall be the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, President, Director and Treasurer; six additional Trustees, two of whom shall be elected by the Board of Trustees each year, to serve for a three-year term. (August 11, 1967).
(B) The Chairman of the Board of Trustees shall act as Chairman of the Executive Committee, and the President as Vice Chairman. A majority of the members of the Executive Committee shall constitute a quorum and a majority of those present at any properly held meeting shall determine its action. It shall meet at such times and places and upon such notice and appoint such sub-committees as the Committee shall deter- mine. (August 12, 1966)
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR /
(C) The Executive Committee shall have and may exercise all the powers of the
Board during the intervals between meetings of the Hoard of Trustees except those
powers specifically withheld from time to time by the Board or laws. (August 16, 1963)
(D) The Executive Committee shall keep appropriate minutes of its meetings, and
its action shall be reported to the Board of Trustees. (August 16, 1963)
II. RESOLVED:
The elected members of the Executive Committee shall be constituted as a standing "Committee for the Nomination of Officers," responsible for making nominations at the Annual Meeting of the Corporation and of the Board of Trustees, for candidates to fill each office as the respective terms of office expire (Chairman of the Board, President, Director, Treasurer, and Clerk). (August 16, 1963)
IV. REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
To: THE TRUSTEES OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
Gentlemen :
By convention, annual reports deal largely, if not entirely, with past and already cold events. In these reports I will, from time to time, depart from convention to speak of ambitions for the future, of plans being formulated, and of new undertakings. Un- deniably, the future of the Laboratory can be predicted only to a limited degree, for opportunism often plays a large role in advances in science, and today, more than ever before, we must be alert to advantageous alterations in course. However the Labora- tory, in pace with the scientific community as a whole, has entered a period of self- examination, a search for a new perspective and sense of purpose, recognizing that, in S. L. Fawcett's words, "... man's progress depends upon a balanced effort resulting in both new knowledge and innovative uses of this knowledge." In this period, it is especially fitting that ambitions and plans be discussed as fully as possible.
I would begin by reiterating my observations at the Annual Meeting, August 14, 1970.
The year 1970 was at once a difficult, yet reassuring year for me. I arrived in mid- June full of concern about the Laboratory. It had been a hard winter. Although an aura of success enveloped the Laboratory, with new buildings completed and in pro- gress, and a summer program of international fame, our financial situation continued to worsen, and it was only through the determined efforts of our Chairman and Treasurer and the economies effected by Mr. Smith and his staff that the downward trend was slowed — although by no means halted or reversed. There were other distress signals. As we heard from the Committee on Research Space, in recent years the number of applications for laboratories has been very close to the number finally accepted. Less than five per cent of those applying have been denied space. In one sense this figure speaks to the effectiveness of Burr Steinbach, who by cajolery, compromise, and mea- sures known only to him, has kept many applicants happy (or reasonably so) with less space than they desired, thus accommodating more investigators. However we would have hoped that his job — now mine — would have been even more difficult. We need more competition for our space.
Yet I began by saying that I was also reassured. It is not that the problems miraculously disappeared. Far from it ; what reassured me was the realization that the members of the Corporation and other scientists in residence shared my concern and were willing to take steps to meet the problems, even though in doing so they added to burdens they were already bearing in their home institutions. It is for all of us a
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MAKIXE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
frustrating period, a time'of national indecision. Not only do we fail to gauge the future, \\c tind it difficult even to understand the present.
1 am reminded of the remark attributed to Abbe Sieyes, who when asked what he did during the French Revolution, replied, "I survived." The Laboratory must do more than "survive." It must not be becalmed, for there is nothing more dangerous than to be paralyzed between apprehension and action.
At their meeting in February, 1970, the Trustees and officers resolved that the Laboratory had to move forward. That resolve was translated into action during the year. It should be emphasized that although the Laboratory's plans for the future are an outgrowth and elaboration of ideas developed over the past decade by the Trustees, working with the two previous directors, P. B. Armstrong and H. B. Steinbach, at least sixty members of the Corporation and resident scientists played an active role in their formulation during 1970.
In the spring of 1970, a draft proposal was prepared by Steinbach and Ebert, then Director and Director-designate respectively, in consultation with the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Mr. Gerard Swope, Jr., and the General Manager, Mr. Homer P. Smith. This draft was prepared as a basis for further discussion and planning. It was circulated to the Trustees, and discussed extensively at a full scale meeting of the Board on July 2, 1970.
The Trustees approved the formation of a representative Planning Committee, which was established on July 7. Subsequently, the Planning Committee itself initiated three sub-groups. The composition of the Committee and Sub-Committees follows:
Planning Committee: H. O. Halvorson and J. \V. Hastings, Co-Chairmen, John Buck, F. D. Carlson, Sears Crowell, R. T. Hinegardner, C. L. Prosser, S. M. Rose, H. W. Siegelman and W. S. Vincent.
Sub- Committee on Visiting Scholars: H. O. Halvorson, Chairman, Martha Baylor, M.V.L. Bennett, Philip Grant, Hugh Huxley, Alexander Keynan, and Cyrus Levinthal.
Sub-Committee on Education: W. S. Vincent, Chairman, James F. Case, Frank Child, Arthur Humes, Jonathan Green, and Allan Scott.
Sub-Committee on the MBL as a Conference Center: Ralph Hinegardner, Chairman, A. M. Clark, Cyrus Levinthal, Robert Loftfield, and Maurice Sussman.
The Planning Committee held nine meetings between July 10 and August 21. The Sub-Committee on Education met seven times, that on Visiting Scholars, four times. The Conference Sub-Committee collected written recommendations from its members. On July 28, the Planning Committee solicited the help of all Corporation Members and Individuals registered at the MBL by letter. In response to this request, and to a later request by the Director, there were at least 50 written statements, and innumerable conversations. In addition to input from its Sub-Committees, the Planning Committee drew extensively upon the reports of several of the Standing Committees, especially the Supply Department, Research Services, Buildings and Grounds and Library Committees. Ideas were also contributed by members of the Systematics-Ecology and Boston University Marine Programs. The Committee's report was submitted to the Director on August 21.
Concurrently during July and August, a second major Committee was in operation. Headed by John Dowling, the Neuroscience Committee was charged with evaluating the Laboratory's special needs in this fast-moving field :
N euro sciences Committee: John Dowling, Chairman, W. J. Adelman, M. V. L. Bennett, J. F. Case, Timothy Goldsmith and E. O. Wilson.
Penultimate draft proposals were prepared during October 1970 for review by the Executive Committee and those who had played key roles in the studies (about 50
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
individuals). Their further comments were incorporated in two proposals, one sub- mitted on January 20, 1971 to the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation for support of a large part of the Laboratory's teaching programs in the neurosciences, and the second sub- mitted on May 12, 1971 to the National Science Foundation.
The proposals: (1} neuroscience training
Recognizing that the Laboratory holds a unique position of strength in research in the neurosciences, we will make a sustained effort to increase our highly promising train- ing programs in that field — programs that are now underway only by dint of sacrifice on the part of Drs. Adelman, Bennett, Dowling and their colleagues, and the generosity and good will of companies and individuals who have loaned equipment, and through modest support provided by the Laboratory. One of our immediate large goals should be to provide facilities for the Neurobiology course in the Loeb Teaching Building, and to provide improved quarters for Excitable Membrane Biophysics and Physiology. To these ends we are seeking major new funding from foundations. I should note that the projected new quarters for the Neurobiology course would serve not only our summer programs, but eventually our winter programs as well.
I would emphasize that the Neuroscience Committee is concerned not only with programs officially designated as Neurobiology or Excitable Membranes, but with generating new interest in behavior and neurogenesis in established courses, e.g., experi- mental invertebrate zoology, embryology, and marine ecology.
(2] A year-round resource center for research and advanced study in the genetics, physiology and ecology of marine organisms
It is becoming even more clear that the oceans constitute a life-support system that will become increasingly important to man as population increases and the effects of industrialization and urbanization place greater stresses upon the capacity of the land to support the earth's people. At the same time, pollution of the water is already en- dangering marine resources. The dangerous levels of mercury recently discovered in fish and in the livers of offshore mammals and of DDT in animals high on the food chain are but two well-publicized examples. Yet although we know that the sea is suffering a massive chemical invasion, we can only guess at the long-term effects, be- cause we know so little about its biology ranging from microbial productivity and degradation to the life cycles and ecological communities in the oceans.
Coping with such long-range problems will require informed leaders, coupled with powerful and sustained scientific efforts, which will in turn mandate the marshalling and interaction of scientists thoroughly trained in the marine biosciences. Such inter- actions require not only extensive facilities and resources, with access to a variety of marine and estuarine environments, but also of more far-reaching consequence, the development of centers in which the powerful methods of modern biology and chemistry may be brought to bear on the solution of major problems in environmental biology, reproductive physiology and behavior.
Never in the history of American science has a set of problems demanded inter- disciplinary research to a greater degree than does the environmental crisis now con- fronting us. Never have our approaches been so fragmentary, so lacking in depth. It is clearly not enough just to bring ecologists and molecular biologists together. What is required is a common focus, a recurring theme. In the solution of other major prob- lems in the health sciences, that theme has been provided by genetics. We believe that major advances are to be expected from the application of genetics and its related disciplines to the environmental and behavioral sciences. An understanding of the effects of changing the marine environment on any population of organisms will surely require that we know not only their environmental history but their genetic back- ground as well.
10 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
Few universities are in a geographic location that would permit them to develop Mich a program in the marine sciences; furthermore the facilities, resources and staff required by such an enterprise would be prohibitive to all but a few. One practical and effective plan would be to concentrate the national effort in a few national centers for advanced study and research in marine biology to which scientists in training as well as those already experienced but seeking new opportunities for the application of their skills to today's problems would come for circumscribed periods from institutions throughout the nation.
We believe that because of its unique qualities and interdisciplinary tradition, the Marine Biological Laboratory is well equipped to develop such a center. We propose that over the next decade the Laboratory greatly augment and reinforce its capability for serving the nation as a year-round center of advanced study and research in the genetics, physiology and ecology of marine organisms. The specific objectives of this proposal covering the first five years of the program, are threefold:
(1) To plan and construct a Marine Resources Building, embodying environmentally controlled facilities suitable for the development of genetic strains of selected marine species and to initiate long-term studies of the influences of changing environmental conditions on their life histories and behavior. As the program develops, we propose to identify and appoint a nucleus of talented investigators who wish to play a role in developing the field of the physiological genetics of marine organisms.
(2) To initiate a program of Visiting Scholars, designed to bring to the Laboratory a group of investigators whose interests and qualifications bear directly on our long- range goals. This group would include both experienced investigators and younger scientists, who would interact with the first staff scientists to be appointed in the Resource Center, thereby providing a "critical mass" of research talent. We envisage that the fully-developed program will include a substantial nucleus of full-time key investigators in residence and that the Visiting Scholars in Residence would provide a pool of talent from which future staff members may be drawn.
(3) To provide core support to strengthen the Laboratory and permit the coordina- tion of interdisciplinary research and teaching on a year-round basis. The develop- ment of the Laboratory's own year-round programs should in turn complement and enhance its efforts to provide inland universities and colleges with access to facilities for education in the marine biosciences.
We believe that the Marine Biological Laboratory constitutes a national resource and that the assurance of its continued development is in the national interest. To meet these objectives, we are seeking major support from the National Science Found- ation and other agencies.
In taking these steps, the officers and Trustees have acted in the conviction that the Laboratory must develop year-round and winter activities, while holding fast to the best features of its renowned summer programs. The decision to ultimately commit up to ten per cent of the Laboratory's research facilities to year-round was not an easy one, for on this question the Laboratory has a split personality. We want winter programs, yet we appear to fear them. I wish to make clear my belief that the Laboratory cannot fullfill its responsibilities or long maintain its current strength without a nucleus of excellence in sustained winter research. If winter teaching at the Laboratory is to increase (as I believe it must) then excellence in research the year-round becomes vital ; for we will attract the most able winter visitors and students only if there are investiga- tors with whom they can interact. Without a strong research group, we are likely to get second-raters. Bad science drives out good.
Such a nucleus need not be large; quality is what is of importance. I believe that first rate winter programs in one or more fundamental areas of biology will strengthen
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 11
the summer programs. The choice of areas was made difficult by the pressures being developed for applied science. The most disastrous course of all would have been to compromise our aims by yielding to temptation for "easy money" (if indeed there is any easy money). We still have the status to build from strength. We need not adopt indecisive, halfway measures. If we wait the chances for action will only diminish.
If adequate funding can be obtained, we hope to take the first steps in these new directions in 1972. By "adequate funding," however, we mean more than just funds earmarked for the new ventures.
There must be a parallel improvement in our research services, with special attention to the needs of the Supply Department. Our research equipment also badly needs to be upgraded. In 1969 and 1970 our cash deficits amounted to $25,122 and $75,496. These deficits would have been substantially larger had we not deferred the purchase of badly-needed equipment. To the casual observer, especially of the summer scene, we are well-equipped — but much of the equipment in evidence is borrowed or rented, often at only a fraction of the usual cost. Other services need to be upgraded, including electronics, electron microscopy and photography ; and the library's resources need to be restored to full-strength.
Scientifically, ways have to be found to bolster our overall strength in the environ- mental sciences. We have islands of interest — the marine ecology course, the System- atics-Ecology Program — but our efforts lack cohesion. Several recent developments augur well for the future, notably Holger Jannasch's acceptance, during 1970, of the Laboratory's invitation to direct the marine ecology course beginning in 1971, and the close collaboration in research of members of BUMP, SEP and WHOI.
Finally we must innovate without growth of the summer population — a difficult task. We wish to increase the quality of life in Wroods Hole, not the quantity.
Winter teaching
The Laboratory plans to initiate vigorous winter courses. In the academic year 1972-1973, we propose to start at least two programs : (1) A semester in Marine Biology (for graduate students) and (2) A January Short Term (one month) in Marine Biology for undergraduates. It is possible that the latter may get underway as early as January, 1972.
Before discussing our ideas about the specific programs, I wish to delineate the think- ing behind these decisions.
Over the past several years a number of educational experiments have been initiated at MBL. Of these, the best developed has been the Boston University Marine Pro- gram (BUMP). This is a graduate level program in marine biology inaugurated by Boston University. The major component is based at MBL, although the program benefits from courses and research training at the New England Aquarium in Boston and at the Boston campus of the University. During the academic year graduate level courses are offered by BLIMP faculty in residence at MBL, where dissertation research is conducted. The Boston University Marine Program is coordinated closely with MBL's research program in Systematics and Ecology (M. R. Carriker, Director) and draws up SEP's facilities.
The staff of BUMP in 1970-71 includes Professor Arthur G. Humes, Director, instructor in marine invertebrate zoology, Assistant Professor Ivan Valiela, instructor in marine ecology, and Assistant Professor William C. Stewart, instructor in environ- mental physiology. The courses offered are intensive six-week units, accompanied by related seminars and opportunities for research. Qualified graduate students from any college or university may enroll in the courses currently offered, with students from schools other than Boston University receiving credit from their home institutions. Cooperative arrangements are currently being made whereby a limited number of
12 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE A1ARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
students in BUMP and at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution may receive transferable credit for courses either at BUMP or at WHO!.
In 1970 there were nine graduate students in the program, three in their second year at MBL and six newly enrolled. The course in marine invertebrate zoology emphasized the morphology, identification, and habitats of local invertebrates, together with a discussion of phylogeny and systematics. There were 12 field trips (six on board the R/V A. E. YERRILL), 13 lectures, and nine seminars by specialists from MBL, \VHOI, the National Marine Fisheries service, and Boston University. In addition, each stu- dent carried out a small research project. The course in marine ecology dealt with models in ecology, experiments and design including computer work, population ecology, competition, ecosystems, and community structure and development. The course in environmental physiology is being offered for the first time in the spring of 1971. Stu- dents in BUMP have available to them courses at \YHOI in biological oceanography, chemical oceanography, and marine geology.
One of the first questions to be raised is whether the MBL should enter into a "working agreement" with Boston University, or with any other university, in elaborat- ing additional winter instructional programs. The Executive and Planning Com- mittees, the Sub-Committee on Winter Educational Activities, and the Instruction Committee have all considered this question. There is virtually unanimous agreement that the BUMP experiment is off to a good start; that in the person of Dr. Humes it has an able and respected leader; and that Dr. Valiela and Dr. Stewart are competent young scientists and teachers. Although the program is a Boston University program, principally geared to the needs of the University's own students, courses are open to qualified students from any university with transfer of credit. Boston University is earnestly supporting BUMP, as evidenced by the 1970-71 budget for the program of approximately $70,000 including salaries. We confidently expect that BUMP will grow in quality and serve an increasingly important role. We hope, in fact, that students enrolling in an MBL semester may have an opportunity of electing a BLIMP course or courses. However, we very much want to develop MBL courses with the Laboratory's own special "stamp" on them. We believe that many of the nation's better graduate students should have the opportunity of a full semester of marine biology of the quality of, say, the Laboratory's summer course in physiology.
There has been considerable discussion as to whether the MBL should attempt to develop its teaching program by acting as a focus for the development of a consortium. In fact, the Laboratory has been doing this on a modest scale for some years by providing colleges and universities with laboratory, boat and other facilities for students brought in groups for short periods of intensive study. In 1969-1970 eight colleges and univer- sities including Amherst, Brown, SUNY and Drew were involved in this program. In May 1971 Temple University will offer a month-long course in Marine Invertebrate Zoology at MBL for 24 students. Arrangements are being made for Brooklyn College and the University of Copenhagen to bring students for specified periods in the falls of 1971 and 1972, respectively. In 1970-71, Bridgewater State College is using the MBL's facilities (laboratories, library) on weekends for its course, Intertidal Biology.
In addition, during 1970 discussions were begun with the Bates, Bowdoin and Colby Consortium, looking toward the establishment of a winter research participation program for undergraduates.
Should a broadly representative regional consortium be established, giving more structure and coordination to these programs? A model might be the program at the University of Southern California's Santa Catalina Marine Biological Laboratory, which has working ties with California Institute of Technology, the California State College System, Occidental and Pomona Colleges and the University of California campuses at Irvine, Los Angeles and Riverside. It is possible that in the long run, the
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 13
development of a consortium may indeed be the most effective mechanism. However, since the MBL is a national, indeed international, center, operating at a high level of quality, we believe that we can ourselves develop several types of instructional programs. To insure administrative control, including the coordination of schedules, the Director, or his designated professional representative, with the advice and aid of the Instruction Committee, should be in residence.
The foregoing decisions stemmed from the report of the subcommittee on Education which is endorsed by the Planning and Executive Committees.
The semester in marine biology at MBL. \Ye propose to initiate this program during the fall term of the academic year 1972-1973. In the first two or three years of the pro- gram we expect to offer opportunities to 20-24 beginning graduate students annually. (The group might include a few exceptional undergraduates.) Each student will be enrolled during the term in two intensive courses, at the level of the MBL's traditional summer offerings, including research participation. It has not yet been decided whether the courses will run concurrently or in series, although in order to coordinate them with the BUMP and \YHOI programs, it may be necessary to have them run concurrently. The MBL will mount two courses; these together with the BUMP offerings should give each student in the Woods Hole community at least four courses from which to elect a program. One of the MBL courses will be Marine Developmental Biology and the other probably Experimental Invertebrate Zoology, with emphasis on environmental physiology, including endocrine and neural coordination and behavior.
The faculty will be recruited from colleges and universities, both U. S. and European. In the first experimental year, we expect to draw as much as possible from the "MBL community," i.e.. Corporation members, former instructors, etc., in order to insure a faculty fully aware of the manner in which we like to function. \Ve hope to be able to appoint key instructors by March 1, 1972, to permit the publication of an announcement of the program by mid-March. Each course will have at least an instructor-in-charge and one other staff member in residence throughout the term, with additional staff members in residence for shorter periods.
The January short term at MBL. We hope to present this program for the first time in January, 1972. We will provide instruction for 20-24 college juniors and seniors. At least one intensive research-oriented course will be offered, Marine Developmental Biology and Reproductive Physiology. Each student will be enrolled in only one course, which will be a full-time effort.
The faculty will be recruited from two sources, from the MBL community and from among the faculties of four-year colleges that have adopted 4-1-4 programs. According to the Interim Term Digest, prepared by J. L. Armstrong of Macalester College (October, 1969), at least 150 colleges had adopted 4-1-4 programs.
The involvement of four-year colleges in MBL programs is hardly a new idea. One little-mentioned role of the Laboratory is its function as a place for the carrying out of research by faculty of four-year colleges, and the provision of advanced training, as well as exposure to research environment, to the students of the same institutions.
The Director proposes to take an active part in the first year's Developmental Biology course, along with Professor Edgar Zwilling of Brandeis University, and others.
MBL as a winter meeting and conference center
One desirable feature for a national scientific center is contact with diverse current developments. These the Laboratory has in almost superabundance during the summer.
We have now developed the Laboratory to serve these needs the year-round. It has so functioned in the past in the spring and fall, despite inadequate housing. For example the Society of General Physiologists has long had its annual (fall) meeting at the Laboratorv.
14 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
Tlit- following advertisement is intended for those members of the Corporation and other readers who have not visited the Laboratory recently.
With the opening of a new dormitory-dining hall in April, 1971 the Laboratory is almost ideally suited as a meeting and conference center. With 110 rooms (208 beds) and a dining room with 362 places the Laboratory can accommodate meetings of smaller scientific and educational organizations, regional meetings of larger societies, and conferences on special topics, like the Gordon Conferences. Topics such as the relevance and application of biological research to societal problems today, and in the future, would be very appropriate.
There are several possible advantages to users: reasonable fees, attractive environ- ment, isolated enough to keep the group together yet close enough to a major transport center to make access easy, a staff familiar with technical and educational needs, and generally a more friendly reception than a commercial operation might offer. The lecture halls are also designed for their intended use and are not converted ballrooms. In some cases the library would be a unique advantage. For the MBL, conferences should increase the attractiveness and vitality of the Laboratory during the winter months.
The kitchen is open the year round. During the winter the staff of the MBL, the Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) and National Marine Fisheries Service use the dining hall, primarily for lunch. This should not interfere with any meeting since the dining facilities are larger than the number of beds. A coffee shop will also be available. There are three large lecture halls (520, 140 and 75 seats) and at least eight conference rooms seating 10 to 20 persons. WE ARE ANXIOUS TO HAVE THIS BEAUTIFUL NEW
BUILDING USED TO FULL CAPACITY THE YEAR-ROUND
Frontiers in research and teaching: an experimental program in the neural sciences
With the support of the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, the Laboratory is initiating an experimental program designed to introduce increasing num- bers of well-qualified scientists of minority ethnic groups into the neurosciences. In 1971, its first summer, the Frontiers Program will itself be an experiment. The number of Fellows to be appointed will be small (four to eight), but the full range of the Labora- tory's instructional and research resources will be available to them.
Alan Steinbach will serve as Coordinator of the program, which is designed to provide Fellows with an opportunity to carry out a personalized program in one or more areas of research and teaching in the biological sciences. Emphasis will be placed on neurobiology, but there will be considerable flexibility. The design of programs will be tailored to the interests and the need of individuals.
The fellowship program is designed primarily for individuals at the doctorate level who, although they have had training in research, desire additional opportunities to obtain research experience and/or additional training. Included is the opportunity to participate in or audit one or more of the summer courses, all of which focus on current research in the particular field. Applicants might be, for example, individuals who because of their commitment to teaching have not had good opportunities to pursue their research interests and wish to keep alive their contact with the frontiers of research. Although applications are welcomed from any individual who believes he would profit from the experience, they are especially encouraged from individuals from minority ethnic groups.
Opportunities for fellows may include programs based on any of the following, or combinations thereof: (1) An independent research program, specified by the applicant;
(2) A research program in association with an ongoing research group at the MBL;
(3) Association with one of the established summer courses or training programs.
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 15
The laboratory: stability with Jinx
Despite the emphasis in this report on the Laboratory's new directions, it is clear that the advent of a new Director has not resulted in abrupt or dramatic changes, for the officers and Trustees are guided by policies that have evolved through eight decades. To a few, any change, even evolutionary change, is unwelcome. Increasingly, however, all of us engaged in research and teaching have to reappraise our roles and contributions : What have we done? Why have we done it? What should we be doing? The need for new knowledge in the biological sciences has never been greater, but we have too often failed to make that fact clear. We must seize the initiative in interpreting our aspirations to our leaders and the public.
I realize that I have failed to touch upon the contributions of many of the Labora- tory's ongoing activities. However future reports will afford an opportunity to examine other departments critically, occasionally to hark back to their beginnings and to trace their development, leading up to an examination of their present-day role. I hope, too, that in future reports I shall be able to treat one of the most neglected (and underrated) achievements of the Laboratory — its contributions in research.
I would add a few final words. A little over a year ago, as I approached my appoint- ment as Director-designate, I learned that Burr Steinbach was not only admired and respected — but loved. How, I wondered, does an "administrator" command not only respect, but affection as well. I have never been accused of being sentimental. In fact, it was once said that my approach to life was, in one respect, not unlike that of George Catlett Marshall. Dean Acheson recalled that the General expected from him complete and even brutal candor; he had no feelings, the General said, "except those which I reserve for Mrs. Marshall."
During a year of working closely with Burr, however, I discovered the source of that affection. It springs initially from him — from the affection and devotion he has for the Laboratory. His good will pervades the institution, and is amplified in each of us. Feedback mechanisms are common in biology — this is another example. It is only fitting that his affection for us be reciprocated.
1. MEMORIALS
MERKEL HENRY JACOBS
BY WARNER E. LOVE
The third Director of the Marine Biological Laboratory, Professor M. H. Jacobs, died in Falmouth June 27, 1970, at age 85. From his earliest postdoctoral years until just last year he was continuously associated with the Laboratory, excluding absences caused by World Wars I and II. He became a corporation member in 1911. He was elected Associate Director of this Laboratory 1925-1926, and Director 1926-1938. He was also in charge of the Physiology Course 1921-1929. His directorship began during the boom years of the late 1920's. The Brick Building (Lillie) and the Brick Dormitory had just been completed. Somewhat more than 300 students and investigators were in attendance. At that time all courses of instruction ran simultaneously and severe overcrowding for a short peak period resulted. To alleviate this situation, the system of staggering the courses was begun in 1929 to spread the load more evenly throughout the summer. Then in the early thirties, the Laboratory felt the depression through decreased income, enrollment and subscriptions for space. Attendance, which had risen to 362 in 1931, fell back to a little more than 300, and it was only by 1937 that attendance had recovered and climbed to a new high, 391. The financial problems of the Laboratory were severe and economic health was only barely maintained by the
16 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
most drastic curtailment of expenditures. Nevertheless, during Dr. Jacobs' directorship the Devils Lane tract was purchased and all outstanding interest-bearing obligations were liquidated. The disposal of the steam vessel Cayadetta, which had been used for collecting and picnicing, must have been an unpopular act of economy.
Professor Jacobs resigned the directorship in 1938 in order to devote himself more completely to his work. He left the MBL essentially intact and undergoing a process of consolidation which hindsight now tells us formed a strong base upon which growth and expansion could occur after World War II.
Merkel Henry Jacobs, his given name was his mother's maiden name, was born of Pennsylvania Dutch stock at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, December 6, 1885. He earned both his A.B. in 1905 and his Ph.D. (Zoology) in 1908 at the University of Pennsylvania. After one postdoctoral year in Berlin he was invited back to the Zoology Department of the University of Pennsylvania as an Instructor in Protozoology. He was promoted to Assistant Professor in 1913. In 1918-1919 he was a Captain in the Sanitation Corps. In 1921 he moved to the Physiology Department of the Medical School at the University of Pennsylvania as an Assistant Professor, and in 1923 he was made Professor of General Physiology. He lectured to medical students on permeabil- ity, renal physiology, acid-base regulation and blood coagulation. He also played a large role in an inter-departmental extra-medical school program of lectures to graduate students on a variety of subjects in General Physiology. All his lectures were utterly clear, scientifically organized and exhaustively prepared. They were models of scholarly excellence. He supervised the doctoral research of approximately a dozen graduate students, many of whom spent some of their summers here at Woods Hole in his laboratory or in courses.
Protozoology was his earliest professional interest. Studies of the effect of COo on protozoa lead him to questions of permeability and by 1921, when he joined the medical faculty, he had become firmly attached to the erythrocyte as his experimental material. Perhaps the most important thread running through all his work was the idea that chemistry, physics, and mathematics should afford explanations for biological phenom- ena. In collaboration primarily with two former students, Dorothy Stewart and Arthur Parpart, he published a series of about a dozen papers which dealt quantitatively with a number of permeability problems in Arbacia eggs and erythrocytes. In 1935 he published a review on Diffusion in Biological Systems in Ergebnisse der Biologie. Much to his satisfaction and delight, some thirty years after it appeared, this review was reprinted as a monograph a year or so ago.
The rigor and excellence of his work were recognized and marked by election to the American Philosophical Society and to the National Academy of Science. He served diligently and conscientiously on the editorial boards of five journals and was vice president of the Zoological Society in 1928 and president in 1938. He was a member of a number of scientific societies and a founding member, here at MBL, of the Society of General Physiologists.
Quiet, shy, retiring, and diffident are words to describe only part of the man. He was tenacious of purpose, very hard working, high-principled, and kept his own council. He spoke ill of no one. To those around him, he was above all, gentle.
On a mountaineering expedition on the Selkirk Range of the Canadian Rockies in June 1908, he broke his leg. E. Newton Harvey, in the Festschrift volume #47 of the J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. has described his recollections of participation in the rescue. The leg was set and the party remained in camp till August. During the knitting of the fracture, Professor Jacobs taught himself calculus which stood him in good stead many years later. At one stage of the return journey, transport was provided by lashing him on his stretcher to the cowcatcher of a steam locomotive. The accident left him with a limp which in no way hampered his vigorous pursuit of the joys of walking.
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 17
In Philadelphia, even in the dead of winter, on his way in from Media, he detrained one stop early and walked 13 blocks to work, and reversed the procedure to go home.
In 1955 Dr. Jacobs became an Emeritus Professor, having reached the mandatory retirement age of 70. He continued to \vork both at the University of Pennsylvania and here in the Library at MBL. His 70th birthday was memorialized by volume #47 of the /. Cell. Com p. Physiol. In 1961 he received an award for distinguished teaching from the Linback Foundation.
His long life is now finished. He lives on in the minds of those who were privileged to know him. He is perhaps best memorialized by his published work and by the prudence with which he guided the MBL during his directorship through the difficult years of the Great American Depression.
ALFRED HENRY STURTEVANT BY D. E. LANCEFIELD
Alfred Henry Sturtevant was born in Jacksonville, Illinois, on Xobember 21, 1891, and grew up in Alabama. He received the A.B. degree in 1912 and the Ph.D. in 1914 from Columbia. He was immediately given a research appointment from the Carnegie Institution to work with T. H. Morgan, 1915-28. When Morgan went to the California Institute of Technology to establish the Division of Biology in 1928, Sturtevant received a professorial appointment there. Thereafter he held the T. H. Morgan Professorship of Genetics from 1947 to 1962.
Sturtevant first came to the MBL in 1913 and spent most of his summers here since. He served the Laboratory as Trustee for several terms.
In the "Fly Room" at Columbia, Sturtevant was intimately associated with a unique group consisting of Morgan, Bridges, and Muller — to name the most notable. It was an autocatalytic group which accomplished great things in genetic research: no elaboration is needed here.
Sturtevant's dissertation established a major principle of the chromosome theory of heredity, namely the linear order of the genes. He went on from there, and his early work on the comparative genetics of related species of Drosophila with its evolutinary significance was important, and remained a lifetime interest. I refer to the crosses between D. melanogaster and simiilans, and to his later pioneer work on the use of polytene chromosomes in phylogeny. His discovery of inversions and the elucidation of their effect on crossing was notable. His analysis of the events associated with "Bar" reversion to normal helped to clear up that puzzling situation.
The diversity of his interests is shown by his published results of investigations on Oenothera, irises, man, and horses. His industry is attested to by 79 listings in the MBL Library, which include two monographs and three books.
He was a man with a sound critical judgment and wide acquaintance with the literature. This made him much sought after. He was a visiting professor at three universities here and three in England.
Dr Sturtevant was elected to membership in the National Academy of Sciences in 1930; the American Philosophical Society in 1936. He became President of the Society of Zoologists in 1934, and of the Genetics Society in 1944. Honorary doctorates were conferred on him by Princeton, Pennsylvania, and Vale. For the sake of brevity the list of his honors and awards, culminating in the National Medal of Science in 1968, is left incomplete.
Sturtevant was a fine collector, and his collecting net, as well as his pipe, always went with him. His knowledge of the flora and fauna all over the country made him a first-class naturalist. He married Phoebe Reed in 1922 and one of his special pleasures
18 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
was his family life. He took great interest in the professional careers of his three children.
He remained a simple and likeable man who was a fine companion whether in genetic discussion or on a camping trip by canoe or car, or on the collecting trips which he so much enjoyed. He ranks as one of the great scientists of our day.
CHARLES PACKARD
BY ROBERTS RUGH
Dr. Charles Packard, the fourth Director of the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, died on Monday, March 9th at the Falmouth Hospital. He lived sixteen years beyond the biblical allotment of three score and ten, being 86 years old this year. Of those 86 years 61 were spent entirely or in part in Woods Hole.
Dr. Packard was born in Dorchester, graduated from Syracuse University in 1907, was an instructor in zoology at Williams College for 2 years and then transferred to Columbia where, as an Instructor to such as Bowen, Sturtevant, Gowen and Severing- haus, he worked for his doctorate which he achieved in 1914. The next year he married Marguerite Adams Cogswell, another biology teacher, who survives him. He taught zoology at Williams College until 1918 when he and Mrs. Packard left for a 5 year stay in Peking, China. There he was an assistant professor at the Rockefeller Foundation Union Medical College known as P. U. M. C. For his last year there he acted as chairman of the biology department at Yenching University. He learned to speak Mandarin fluently. His next association was with the Crocker Institute for Cancer Research in New York in 1924, where he rose to the rank of full professor and retired in 1942. During several of the intervening summers he was an instructor on the Embry- ology Staff in the Woods Hole course. In 1938 he received an honorary doctorate from Syracuse University.
Following Drs. Whitman, Lillie and Jacobs as Director of this laboratory would normally be a difficult assignment. However, Dr. Packard was well prepared as he had been Clerk of the Corporation from 1931-1938 and assistant director for three years while the Trustees searched for a full-time person. Since the Packards had moved to Woods Hole in 1929 they found in Dr. Packard such a person, properly apprenticed, who would be a natural year-round steward of the laboratory affairs. He became Director in 1940 only to retire a second time in 1949. He was an active Trustee from 1949-1954 when he was elected Trustee emeritus.
Dr. Packard's directorship of this laboratory was disorganized by the invasion by the U. S. Navy during the closing years of the second world war. I have heard him say that he survived one war and two hurricanes as Director. The Navy used our Mess Hall facilities for their dining room, as well as some of the lecture halls and domitories so that it was not unusual for the Director to be called on the phone by a girl student or employee asking what she should do about a sailor in her closet Research was drastic- ally curtailed, but the war had to be prosecuted and the sailors trained so that Dr. Packard had the unusual responsibility of trying to balance the demands of the Navy against the earnest endeavors of dedicated scientific investigators limited now both in facilities and time to accomplish what they could not do during their academic years. Following the armistice it fell to Dr. Packard to reclaim from the Navy as much of the Laboratory and its facilities as he could for use of the civilians dedicated to research.
Dr. Packard's scientific interests lay in the area of radiation effects on invertebrate ova such as Nereis, Chaetopterus, and Drosophila. He tried to understand and bridge the gap between the physical stimulation and the biological response; between the effects of Beta, gamma, x- and radium emanations as well as wave length relations in biological reactions. He was one of the pioneers in investigating the biological effects
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 19
of ionizing radiations, a field that is currently very active. He was on the National Research Foundation Committee for radiation research, a member of the Society of Naturalists and Zoologists, Sigma Xi, and was listed in the American Men of Science.
Like many scientists, Dr. Packard was musically inclined and gifted, playing the flute and piano, singing in the Episcopal Church and the choral club. He was treasurer of the rapidly growing Woods Hole library, served on the town's finance committee and its sewer commission, hoping to help reduce the area pollution.
Dr. Packard gave one the impression of unfailing self-control, of a certain dignity without coldness, of being apart from but not unsympathetic to any problems whether involving personnel or facilities. When confronted with a new problem he would take his pipe from his mouth and say, "Well, well" as he marshalled his thoughts to solve the problem. He thoroughly enjoyed the many Sunday afternoons when he and Mrs. Packard held open-house for any and all members of the Corporation and community. He told one story about a frog which only he could tell, as he was asked to do annually. Dr. Severinghaus, who knew him very well, says he had few equals as a raconteur. He had two hobbies: He kept a daily weather chart presumably hoping against expe- rience of all weather prophets to make something logical out of the weather. He wras never able to do this. His second hobby was wood carving and the repair of antique furniture, samples of which are currently in his home.
Dr. Packard in his quiet but dependable way has left his unmeasurable imprint on this institution, and is in part responsible for its present magnificence.
2. THE STAFF
EMBRYOLOGY
I. CONSULTANT EVERETT ANDERSON, Professor of Biology, University of Massachusetts
II. INSTRUCTORS
MALCOLM S. STEINBERG, Professor of Biology, Princeton University, in charge of course JOHN M. ARNOLD, Assistant Professor of Cytology, Pacific Biomedical Research
Center, University of Hawaii
MAX BURGER, Associate Professor of Biology, Princeton University GARY FREEMAN, Assistant Professor of Biology, University of California at San Diego RALPH T. HINEGARDNER, Associate Professor of Biology, University of California at
Santa Cruz
ANTONE JACOBSON, Professor of Biology, University of Texas HANS LAUFER, Associate Professor of Zoology, University of Connecticut
III. LECTURERS
RAYMOND RAPPAPORT, Professor of Biology, Union College PAUL B. WEISZ, Professor of Biology, Brown University
IV. LABORATORY ASSISTANTS
ANTHONY W. SHERMOEN, Wesleyan University ROBERT S. TURNER, University of Oregon
V. LECTURES
H. BURR STEINBACH Introduction to the Marine Biological Laboratory
M. S. STEINBERG Introduction to the course
20
\\XUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
AxroxE JACOBSON
EVERETT ANDERSON FRANK J. LONGO M. S. STEINBERG
RICHARD MILLER
R. HlNEGARDNER
CHARLES HELMSTETTER M. M. BURGER RAYMOND RAPPAPORT JOHN ARNOLD
R. WEBER CHARLES EMERSON
ANTONE JACOBSON LESTER BARTH BETH BURNSIDE MALCOLM STEINBERG RICHARD SIDMAN TOM HUMPHREYS
HANS LAUFER
IRWIN KONIGSBERG RICHARD CLONEY EDUARDO SCARANO
GARY FREEMAN ROGER MILKMAN GARY FREEMAN STEVEN JAY PAUL B. WEISZ LIONEL JAFFE
BARRY KIEFER ERIC DAVIDSON
MAX BURGER, JOHN ARNOLD AND E. ANDERSON
Introduction to the teleosts
Development of teleosts
Fine Structure of Eggs (I and II)
Ultrastructural aspects of fertilization
Morphogenetic phenomena in sponges
Developmental control processes in coelenterate ontogeny
(I and II)
Pre-fertilization phenomena in hydroids Echinoderm development: egg to pluteus Echinoderms: life cycle and experimental embrology Regulation of chromosome replication and cell division in
E. coli. Cell surface chemistry and the regulation of cell divisions
in tissue culture
Cytokinesis : establishment of the mechanism Cytokinesis: nature and operation of the mechanism Early development in spiralian embryos Analysis of molluscan development Experimental studies on cephalopod development Biochemical aspects of tissue involution in the tadpole tail Regulation of DNA-like RNA and the apparent regulation
of ribosomal RNA synthesis during development of sea
urchin embryos
Experiments on the control of organ determination The role of cations in neural induction Neural plate formation and the problem of cell elongation How cells self-assemble into tissues and organs Genetic analysis of morphogenesis in the mammalian brain Isolation and characterization of factors involved in cell
aggregation
Embryonic development of Crustacea Post-embryonic development of Crustacea Fusion in cultured embryonic myoblasts Tail absorption in ascidians A novel origin of some DNA thymine and its possible role
in cell differentiation Development of ascidians
Genetics and development of Botryllits schlosseri Metamorphosis and asexual reproduction in ascidians The relationship of ontogeny to phylogeny The significance of larvae On the centripetal course of development, the Fucus egg
and self-electrophoresis Chemical induction of mitotic abnormalities in sea urchin
embryos: cause and consequences Function of repetitive and non-repetitive DNA sequences
in oogenesis and early development
VI. POST COURSE PERIOD Biochemical and ultrastructural methods
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 21
PHYSIOLOGY
I. CONSULTANTS
ALBERT SZENT-GYORGYI, Director, The Institute for Muscle Research, Marine Biological
Laboratory
W. D. McELROY, National Science Foundation J. WOODLAND HASTINGS, Professor of Biology, Harvard University
II. INSTRUCTORS
ANDREW G. SZENT-GYORGYI, Professor of Biology, Brandeis University, in charge of course
SYDNEY BRENNER, Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England
RODERICK K. CLAYTON, Professor of Biophysics, Cornell University
HUGH E. Huxley, Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cam- bridge, England
HARVEY F. LODISH, Assistant Professor of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology,
MAURICE SUSSMAN, Professor of Biology, Brandeis University
DAVID A. YPHANTIS, Professor of Biology, University of Connecticut
III. SPECIAL LECTURERS
HARLYN HALVORSON, Professor of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin K. E. VAN HOLDE, Professor of Physical Chemistry, LIniversity of Oregon
IV. STAFF ASSOCIATES
RAYMOND E. STEPHENS, Department of Biology, Brandeis LIniversity
ANNEMARIE WEBER, Department of Biochemistry, St. Louis LIniversity
RICHARD J. PODOLSKY, Laboratory of Physical Biology, National Institute of Arthritis
and Metabolic Diseases
PETER NEWELL, Department of Biochemistry, Oxford University, Oxford, England WALTER F. STRAFFORD, III, Department of Biophysics, University of Connecticut MICHAEL JOHNSON, Department of Biophysics, LIniversity of Connecticut DARRELL FLEISCHMAN, Charles F. Kettering Research Laboratory JOHN FINCH, Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge,
England DAVID REKOSH, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
V. RESEARCH ASSISTANTS
RICHARD WAYNE LINCK, Department of Biology, Brandeis LIniversity
RUTH HOFFMAN, Department of Biology, Brandeis University
JACOB FRANKE, Department of Biology, Brandeis University
PAMELA JOHNSON, Department of Biophysics, LIniversity of Connecticut
B. J. CLAYTON, Department of Genetics, Development and Physiology, Cornell
University MARION JACOBSON, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
VI. COURSE ASSISTANT MARGARET KETCHUM, Cambridge Friends School, Cambridge, Massachusetts
22
AXXUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
.\\DKE\V ('.. SZENT-GYORGYI
ANNEMARIE WEBER R. K. CLAYTON
DARRELL E. FLEISCHMAN
DAVID A. YPHANTIS K. E. VAN HOLDE R. E. STEPHENS RICHARD J. PODOLSKY IRVIN ISEXBERG J. WOODLAND HASTINGS
EMANUEL MARGOLIASH
LASZLO LORAND HARVEY F. LODISH
RACHMIEL LEVINE MAURICE SUSSMAN
H. G. CALLAN HARLYN HALVORSON
B. P. SCHOENBORN ZACK HALL
HOWARD K. SCHACHMAN H. E. HUXLEY
J. T. FINCH
MOSHE SHILO
ALBERT SZENT-GYORGYI
BESSEL KOK
LAWRENCE B. COHEN RICHARD CONE AKIMICHI KANEKO MARGIT K. Nass DAVID BALTIMORE
VII. LECTURES
Aspects of the chemistry of muscle contraction Paramyosin
assembly and the filaments of molluscan "catch"
muscles
Control of contraction and relaxation Photosynthesis
Photosynthetic reaction centers Photosynthetic membranes: optical and electrochemical
properties
Physical approaches in biochemistry (I, II and III) Ligand binding by giant molecules
Function, biochemistry and philosophy of microtubules Control of muscle contraction DNA-polylysine interaction Luciferase of temperature sensitive mutants of luminous
bacteria The tertiary structure of cytochrome C —antibodies as
probes of surface functions
Evolutionary implications of primary and tertiary struc- ture variations in cyctochrome C Transpeptidase-controlled assembly of fibrin Regulation of the transformation of the genes of bacterial
phage RNA The mechanism of initiation of mammalian protein
synthesis
The life cycle of the simplest virus — the RNA-bacterial phage
Hormones and membranes DNA in eucaryotes RNA in eucaryotes
The thoughts of Chairman Mao on cellular slime molds Organization of genetic units in chromosomes The Norwegian question: temperature dependent sex in
saccharomyces
Neutron diffraction for biological structures Acetylcholinesterase at the neuromuscular junction Proteins and subunits X-ray diffraction studies on muscle — general review and
future prospects Current problems in the structure and function of muscle
and some other motile systems Analysis of electron micrographs of periodic structures by
optical diffraction and computation Toxigenic phytoflagellates Water, matter and matrix Cooperation of positive charges in photosynthetic oxygen
evolution
Changes in axon structure during activity Rhodospin and visual excitation Vertebrate retinal neural connections Mitochondrial DNA RNA-tumor virus DNA-polymerase
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 23
GEORGE WALD Molecular basis of human vision
Ontogeny and phylogeny at the molecular level SYDNEY BRENNER Control mechanisms I, II, and III
WILLIAM BAUER The chemistry of closed circular DNA
SEYMOUR S. COHEN Polyamines in the structure and function of nucleic acids
FOTIS KAFATOS Developmental studies on insects
PETER VON HIPPEL The dynamic aspects of DXA structure as studied by
hydrogen exchange and chemical probes LEWIS GREENE Pharmacologically active peptides from Bothrops jararca
inhibitors of the metabolism of bradykinin and angio-
tensin DAVID SHEPRO The microvascular system: contractile protein activity in
hemostasis and in nurturing endothelium DANIEL MORSE Dynamics of synthesis, translation and degradation of
tryptophan operon messenger RXA in E. coli
VIII. SPECIAL SEMINARS DAVID JAFFE Myoblast development by cloned cells
EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BOTANY
I. CONSULTANTS
STERLING B. HENDRICKS, U. S. Department of Agriculture BESSELL KOK, Research Institute for Advanced Studies
II. INSTRUCTORS
HAROLD W. SIEGELMAN, Plant Biochemist, Brookhaven National Laboratory, in charge
of course ROBERT R. L. GUILLARD, Associate Scientist, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
F. T. HAXO, Professor of Marine Biology, University of California at San Diego FRANK A. LOEWUS, Professor of Biology, State University of New York at Buffalo JOHN M. OLSON, Biophysicist, Brookhaven National Laboratory
ROBERT T. WILCE, Associate Professor of Botany, University of Massachusetts
III. SPECIAL LECTURERS
MARTIN GIBBS, Professor of Biology, Brandeis University SARAH GIBBS, Associate Professor of Botany, McGill University CARL A. PRICE, Professor of Botany, Rutgers University JEROME SCHIFF, Professor of Biology, Brandeis University RUTH SAGER, Professor of Biology, Hunter College
MYRON LEDBETTER, Electron Microscopist, Brookhaven National Laboratory PHILIP Thornber, Plant Biochemist, Brookhaven National Laboratory EDWARD CARPENTER, Assistant Scientist, W. H. O. I. DAVID WALL, Associate Scientist, W. H. O. I. WILLIAM DUNSTAN, Assistant Scientist, W. H. O. I.
W. YAPHE, Chairman of Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University
IV. ASSISTANTS
J. P. THORNBER, Brookhaven National Laboratory
G. J. WAGNER, State University of New York at Buffalo
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
H. \Y. SlEGELMAN
C. A. PRICE
R. R. L. GUILLARD
E. J. CARPENTER
D. WALL
\V. M. DUNSTAN
FRANK A. LOEWUS
JEROME SCHIFF MARTIN GIBBS JOHN M. OLSON
I. P. THORNBER F. T. HAXO
RUTH SAGER JEROME SCHIFF
ROBERT T. WILCE
M. LEDBETTER BESSEL KOK
C. A. PRICE
phytoplankton phytoplankton
V. LECTURES
Phytochrome — the chromoprotein regulating plant growth
Algal bioproteins and bile pigments
Zonal centrifugation
ynfluence of environmental factors on
growth y and II ynfluence of environmental factors on
growth III. Nutrient concentrations Fossil dinoflagellate life histories Influence of environmental factors on phytoplankton
growth IV. Light adaptation in marine phytoplankton Cyclitols: a new dimension in carbohydrate metabolism Pistil secretion product : its role in pollen tube development Ascorbic acid metabolism : a re-examination Sulfate metabolism in algae Carbon metabolism in photosynthesis Light absorption, energy transfer and the photosynthetic
anit
Electron transport in bacteria and Oo-producing organisms Evolution of photosynthesis in prokaryotes Components of photosynthetic membranes Pigments, light absorption and photosynthesis in marine
algae I and II
Photosynthesis in symbiotic algae and chloroplasts Non-Mendelian inheritance in Chlamydomonas Developmental interactions among cellular compartments
in Euglena Attached algae : major group characteristics I (Morphology
and development)
Attached algae: group characteristics II Attached algae : littoral and sublittoral ecology Plant microtubules Cooperation of positive charges in photosynthetic oxygen
evolution (Sponsored jointly with the Physiology
Course) Theory of density gradient centrifugation : evolution of
zonal rotors Instrumentation: Current types of rotors, gradient
generators, monitoring devices Isopycnic and rate-zonal separations: gradient shapes for
the optimization of resolution and capacity Continuous-flow centrifugation, S-p separations, reorient- ing gradient centrifugation, choice of gradient materials Specific separations
EXPERIMENTAL INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY
I. CONSULTANTS
FRANK A. BROWN, JR., Morrison Professor of Zoology, Northwestern University C. LADD PROSSER, Professor of Physiology, University of Illinois CLARK P. READ, Professor of Biology, Rice University
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
ALFRED C. REDFIELD, Woods Hole Orr.mographic Institution
\V. D. RUSSELL-HUNTER, Professor of Zoology, Syracuse University
II. INSTRUCTORS
JAMES F. CASE, Professor of Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, in charge
of course
ALAN GELPERIX, Assistant Professor of Biology, Princeton University DAVID C. GRANT, Assistant Professor of Biology, Davidson College JONATHAN P. GREEN, Assistant Professor, Brown University MICHAEL J. GREENBERG, Associate Professor, Florida State University JOSEPH B. JENNINGS, Department of Zoology, University of Leeds CHARLOTTE P. MANGUM, Associate Professor of Biology, College of William and Mary JAMES G. MORIN, Assistant Professor of Zoology, University of California, Los Angeles
III. SPECIAL LECTURERS
MELBOURNE R. CARRIKER, Director, Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine Biological
Laboratory
PRESTON CLOUD, Department of Geology, University of California T. H. GOLDSMITH, Associate Professor of Biology, Yale University G. F. GWILLIAM, Professor of Biology, Reed College CLARK P. READ, Professor of Biology, Rice University THOMAS J. M. SCHOPF, Assistant Professor of Geophysical Sciences, University of
Chicago DOROTHY M. SKINNER, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
IV. ASSISTANTS
EVE C. HABERFIELD, University of Rhode Island, Kingston ROGER C. HALVERSON, University of California, Santa Barbara GEORGE A. KAHLER, III, Rice University
V. LECTURES
H. BURR STEINBACH Introduction to the Marine Biological Laboratory
J. F. CASE Introduction to the course
Porifera
D. C. GRANT Introduction to field trip protocol
J. MORIN Coelenterates, I and II
G. F. GWILLIAM Acoelomates
Pseudocoelomates
C. P. MANGUM Annelids
M. J. GREENBERG Molluscs, I and II
D. C. GRANT Cape Cod environment THOMAS J. M. SCHOPF Biology of moss animals JONATHAN P. GREEN Arthropoda, I and II
MELBOURNE CARRIKER Recent studies on boring mechanisms in muricids
ALAN GELPERIN Echinoderms
J. F. CASE Protochordates
C. P. MANGUM Respiration, I : exchange, II : transport
JONATHAN P. GREEN Neuroendocrinology : introduction
T. H. GOLDSMITH Arthropod vision
26
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
JONATHAN P. GRICKN
M. J. GREENBERG
D. C. GRANT CLARK P. READ DOROTHY M. SKINNER J. B. JENNINGS
J. F. CASE
J. MORIN
J. F. CASE ALAN GELPERIN
PRESTON CLOUD
Life in a box: crustacean molting physiology Arthropod endocrinology (concluded) Osmo- and ion regulation
Patterns of circulation among the invertebrates Hearts and visceral muscle: the way to a clam's heart is
through its rectum
Some aspects of comparative muscle physiology Community structure and diversity Nutritional mechanisms in animal parasites Satellite DNA's in Crustacea Alimentary systems
Nutritional physiology of acoelomates I and II Regulatory neural mechanisms Primitive nervous systems Colonial organization Coelenterate bioluminescence Firefly bioluminescence Invertebrate chemoreception Strategies of behavioral physiology Neural regulation of feeding Executive neurons Primitive earth
MARINE ECOLOGY
I. CONSULTANTS
MELBOURNE R. CARRIKER, Director, Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine Biological
Laboratory
HOWARD L. SANDERS, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution JOHN H. RYTHER, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
II. INSTRUCTORS
LAWRENCE B. SLOBODKIN, Professor of Biology, State University of New York at
Stony Brook, in charge of course LEV FISHELSON, Senior Lecturer, Department of Zoology, University of Tel Aviv,
Israel RALPH MITCHELL, Associate Professor, Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Harvard
University
SUMNER RICHMAN, Professor of Biology, Lawrence University W. ROWLAND TAYLOR, Associate Professor of Oceanography, Department of Earth
and Planetary Sciences and the Chesapeake Bay Institute, The Johns Hopkins
University EDWARD O. WILSON, Professor of Zoology, Harvard University
III. SPECIAL LECTURERS
J. FREDERICK GRASSLE, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution HOLGAR JANNASCH, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution JOHN KANWISHER, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution RICHARD KOEHN, State University of New York, Stony Brook K. C. MARSHALL, University of Tasmania, Tasmania
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
27
HOWARD L. SANDERS, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution RUDOLPH SCHELTEMA, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution JOHN TEAL, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution W. YAPHE, McGill University, Montreal
IV. LABORATORY ASSISTANTS
HERMAN F. BOSCH, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and the Chesapeake
Bay Institute, The Johns Hopkins University WAYNE H. BELL, Department of Biology, Middlebury College
W. ROWLAND TAYLOR LAWRENCE B. SLOBODKIN W. ROWLAND TAYLOR
SUMNER RlCHMAN
THOMAS LAWSON LAWRENCE B. SLOBODKIN SUMNER RICHMAN
HERMAN F. BOSCH LEV FISHELSON
RALPH MITCHELL HOLGAR JANNASCH RALPH MITCHELL K. C. MARSHALL RALPH MITCHELL
RICHARD KOEHN W. YAPHE
LAWRENCE B. SLOBODKIN
EDWARD O. WILSON,
I. RUBINOFF AND
HOWARD L. SANDERS RALPH MITCHELL JOSEPH LOYA
V. LECTURES
Chemistry of seawater
Light penetration in seawater
Survey of ecological fields
Elements of population dynamics
Plankton ecology: phytoplankton I and II
Plankton ecology: primary productivity
Plankton ecology: productivity methods
Zooplankton feeding behavior I and II
Copepod biology
How did predators get so clever?
Bomb calorimetry
Food chain dynamics
The marine Cladocera
Coral reef metabolism and development
Coral reef growth and organization
Coral reef destruction
Symbiosis on coral reefs as a factor regulating species
numbers
Coral reef crinoids : ecology and associated fauna Sex reversion and reproductive behavior of the coral fish
A nthias squamippinis What is applied microbial ecology? Problems in microbial ecology
The role of microorganisms in the fouling of surfaces Interfacial phenomena in microbial ecology Reversal of imbalances in microbial systems Biological control of undesirable organisms The role of polysaccharides in microbial aggregation Biochemical polymorphism in natural fish populations Agar : a polysaccharide of interest to the phycologist,
mycologist and biochemist The strategy of evolution: I and II Environmental design and decision making The population problem Ecological effects of a sea-level canal in Central America
The scientific approach to water pollution control Coral diversity in the Gulf of Elath
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
EDWARD O. WILSON Colonization and the species equilibrium
The analysis of adaptive radiation Chemical communication among organisms Competitive and aggressive behavior The future of sociobiology J. FREDERICK GRASSLE Species diversity, genetic variation and environmental
uncertainty
JOHN KANWISHER Comparative physiology
RUDOLPH SCHELTEMA Dispersal of larvae as a means of genetic exchange between
widely separated populations of benthic invertebrate species
JOHN TEAL Effects of hydrostatic pressure on marine organisms
HOWARD L. SANDERS Marine benthic diversity
NEUROBIOLOGY
I. INSTRUCTORS
MICHAEL V. L. BENNETT, Professor of Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,
co-director of course JOHN E. DOWLING, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and Biophysics, Johns
Hopkins University School of Medicine, co-director of course FELIX STRUMWASSER, Professor of Biology, California Institute of Technology VICTOR WHITTAKER, Sir W. Dunn Reader in Biochemistry, Cambridge University
II. SPECIAL LECTURERS
GEORGE PAPPAS, Professor of Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
DAVID L. WILSON, Research Fellow, California Institute of Technology
JON W. JACKLET, State University of New York, Albany
BERTRAM PERETZ, University of Kentucky
ITZHAK PARNAS, Visiting Professor, Columbia University
EDITH HEILBRONN, Associate Professor, University of Uppsala
S. R. SHAW, Visiting Scientific Fellow, National Institutes of Health
NIGEL W. DAW, Washington University
III. LECTURES
M. V. L. BENNETT The central dogma: I and II
GEORGE PAPPAS Fine structure of synapses
FELIX STRUMWASSER The neurocellular basis of behavior in Aplysia: I and II
DAVID L. WILSON Molecular weight distribution of proteins synthesized in
single, identified neurons of Aplysia
JON W. JACKLET The eye of Aplysia: light responses and circadian activity
BERTRAM PERETZ Neural correlates of centrally and peripherally initiated
behavior in the gill of Aplysia ITZHAK PARNAS Peripheral integration at the level of neuromuscular
junctions in arthropods VICTOR WHITTAKER Biochemical techniques in the study of synaptic function:
I. II, and III EDITH HEIL BRONX The use of drugs for investigating the mechanism of
cholinergic transmission: I and II
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 29
M. V. L. BENNETT Functional aspects of electrotonic transmission
Properties of receptor synapses
Interpretation of intracellularly recorded potentials : spikes
Methodology continued : postsynaptic potentials J. E. DOWLIXG Vision I : anatomy, chemistry, and physiology review
Vision II : receptor potentials
S. R. SHAW Invertebrate visual systems
J. E. DOWLIXG Vision III : visual processing
N. W. DAW Vertebrate color vision
J. E. DOWLING Vision IV: visual deprivation
SYSTEM ATICS-ECOLOGY PROGRAM
THE STAFF
Director: MELBOURNE R. CARRIKER
Acting Resident Systematists (Zoology) : PAUL L. ILLG, ARTHUR G. HUMES Acting Resident Systematist (Botany): ROBERT T. WILCE Resident Ecologists : DAVID K. YOUNG, IVAN VALIELA Assistant Ecologist: KATHARINE D. HOBSON
Postdoctoral Fellows and Research Associates: JAMES FIORE, RAYMOND P. MARKEL, LAWRENCE R. MCCLOSKEY, LELAND \Y. POLLOCK, NORMAN R. SINCLAIR, WILLIAM
J. WOELKERLING
Graduate Research Trainees : WILLIAM R. COBB, JOAN R. CONWAY, MARY ANN GILBERT, WILLIAM H. GILBERT, WALTER HATCH, CHARLES KREBS, ALLAN D. MICHAEL, ROY M. YARNELL
Visiting Investigators: EDWARD BOUSFIELD, LOUISE BUSH, HOWARD H. CHAUNCEY, EDWARD DELAMATER, WILLIAM D. HUMMON, M. PATRICIA MORSE, JOEL S. O'CONNOR, PHILIP PERSON, HAROLD H. PLOUGH, DONALD C. RHOADS, WILLIAM C. SUMMERS, WESLEY X. TIFFNEY, RUTH D. TURNER, DAVID K. YOUNG
Consultants: WILLIAM RANDOLPH TAYLOR, RUTH D. TURNER, ROBERT T. WILCE
Curator: JOHANNA M. REINHART
Assistant Curator (Gray Museum Herbarium) : JOAN R. CONWAY
Technical Field Assistant: PETER J. OLDHAM
Field Assistant : FRANCIS DOOHAN
Scientific Illustrators: RUTH VON ARX, SUSAN P. HELLER
Captains, R/V A. E. VERRILL : JAMES P. OSTERGARD, PETER GRAHAM
Mates, R/V A. E. VERRILL: PETER GRAHAM, FRANCIS DOOHAN
Administrative Assistant: CONSTANCE A. BRACKETT
Program Secretary: EVA S. MONTIERO
Research Assistants: SUSAN ANDERSON, BARRY BLUESTEIN, ANNE C. COLLINS, THEODORE J. GRANT, DAVID J. HARTZBAND, RICHARD A. MCGRATH, STEPHEN MCGRATH, JOHN J. MCMAHON, CAROL Q. SCHWAMB, ANNE SMARSH, MARTHA SPEIRS, PAMELA TANNEBRING, LAURA Tosi, RICHARD J. TRAVERSE, ANDREA TURNER, DIRK YANZANDT
Visitors: GREG MORDAS, MICHAEL SWEENEY, LANGLEY WOOD
SEP SEMINARS (WINTER INCLUDED)
PATRICIA L. DUDLEY Some aspects of the biology of parasitic and commensal
Crustacea H. BURR STEINBACH Woods Hole, a systematic and ecological commentary on
a scientific community
30
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
JOHN SUTHERLAND R. STUART MACKAY CHARLES L. REMINGTON- JAMES MARSH PAUL I. ILLG JOHN W. EVANS DAVID PRATT DAVID C. CULVER LEONARD ORTOLANO FRANK SMITH
RAYMOND P. MARKEL JOHN CULLINEY
J. F. GRASSLE AMELIE SCHELTEMA MALCOLM C. MERCER
AUTHUR MATHIESON WILLIAM H. GILBERT JEFFREY LEVINTON DONALD B. HORTON PETER ROY SYLVIA EARLE ROBERT ZOTTOLI
MARY M. ALLEN CHARLES LAMBERT
THOMAS SWEENEY CRAIG EDWARDS I. MACKENZIE LAMB RICHARD FRALICK SUSAN M. SMITH
LAWRENCE R. MCCLOSKEY EDWARD L. BOUSFIELD GALEN JONES JAMES F. CLARK PHILLIP G. COATES
ROGER SZAL
Dynamics of high and low populations of the limpet
Acmea scabra Decompression sickness: ultrasonic detection of bubbles
and fluid breathing Suture-zones: sites of natural experiments of rapid
evolution
Primary productivity of reef-building calcareous red algae Dendrogaster — a cirripede parasite of starfish The ecology of the rock boring clam Penitella penita Olfactory analogs of protective coloration ? Niche separation and species packing of cave crustaceans Marine resources planning in a world of perfect information Environmental quality: biological imperatives and eco- nomic choices Some physiological responses to temperature acclimation
in the limpet, Acmaea limatula Larval development and ecology of Teredo navalis and
Bankia gonldi
Saving the Barrier Reef — a case history of conservation Chaetoderma canadense: the solenogaster of Cape Cod Bay The biology and fishery of the ommastrephid squid Ilex
illecebrosus, in the Northwest Atlantic Ecological studies on marine algae in Great Bay Estuary
System, New Hampshire The relationship between ecological niche and dispersion
pattern in populations of bivalve mollusks Stability and trophic structure in deposit-feeding com- munities TRIGOM, a new educational consortium : program and
prognosis Tube dwelling behavior of the sabellarid polychaete
Phragmatotoma californica Fuwkes Ecology and distribution of the brown algae of the Gulf
of Mexico The species area curve as applied to the choice of adequate
sample size in the rocky intertidal zone Growth and cell division in blue-green algae Genetic transcription during tunicate development and
metamorphosis
A method of eliminating oil slicks on water by combustion Ecology of Polinices duplicatus Say Diving for marine algae in antarctica Codium in New England Behavioral adaptations for predation in the loggerhead
shrike, Lanius ludovicianus Acanthaster : ecocrisis or pseudoproblem ? The Hudson 70 Expedition in the Cape Horn Region Effect of trace elements on marine bacteria An experimental underwater habitat Some aspects of the winter flounder tagging and research
program in Massachusetts A "new" sense organ in certain primitive gastropods
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
31
WILBUR I.. BULLOCK HENRY MOELLER RICHARD TATLOCK
KEN HOWARD JOHN D. PALMER
WILLIAM RANDOLPH
TAYLOR PAUL FELL
DARWIN DAVIDSON
Hooks, spines and cement glands: the morphological approach to acanthocephalan systematics
Life history and ecology of Codiiim fragile in Eastern Long Island, New York, waters
Aircraft remote sensing in New England (current velocity surveys, infrared thermal scanning, aerial water sampl- ing, aerial XBT development)
Oogenesis in an Icelandic water mold, Saprolegnia ter- restris Cookson
The ups and downs in the daily life of Englena, a biological rhythm study
The shallow-water marine algal vegetation of Bermuda and the West Indies
Some aspects of the growth, reproduction and hibernation of several marine sponges
The physiological ecology of some freshwater and marine ascomycetes
THE LABORATORY STAFF HOMER P. SMITH, GENERAL MANAGER
Miss JANE FESSENDEN, Librarian ROBERT KAHLER, Superintendent Build-
JOHN J. VALOIS, Manager, Supply De- ings and Grounds
partment ROBERT GUNNING, Assistant Superin-
FRANK A. WILDES, Controller tendent, Buildings and Grounds
ROBERT B. MILLS, Manager, Department of Research Service
GENERAL OFFICE
EDWARD J. BENDER MRS. FLORENCE S. BUTZ MRS. VIVIAN I. MANSON
Miss ELAINE C. PERRY MRS. CYNTHIA S. REGAN Miss MARY TAVARES
LIBRARY
MRS. VIRGINIA BRANDENBURG DAVID J. FITZGERALD
MRS. LENORA JOSEPH MRS. DORIS RICKER
MAINTENANCE OF BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS
ELDON P. ALLEN LEE BOURGOIN JOHN T. BRADY BERNARD F. CAVANAUGH ROBERT CHASE CECIL COSTA JOHN V. DAY MANUEL P. DUTRA CHARLES FUGLISTER RICHARD E. GEGGATT, JR.
DONALD B. LEHY RALPH H. LEWIS RUSSELL F. LEWIS WILSON LITTLE RICHARD METZ STEPHEN A. MILLS WILLY M. NEILSON FREDERICK E. THRASHER FREDERICK E. WARD RALPH WHITMAN
A. \.\UAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
DEPARTMENT OF RESEARCH SERVICES
GAIL M. CAVANAUGH FRANK E. SYLVIA
LOWELL V. MARTIN
SUPPLY DEPARTMENT
BRADFORD F. ELLIS Miss JOYCE B. LIMA
DAVID H. GRAHAM EUGENE TASSINARI
EDWARD ENOS BRUNO F. TRAPASSO
LEWIS M. LAWDAY JOHN VARAO ROBERT O. LEHY
3. INVESTIGATORS: LILLIE, GRASS, AND RAND FELLOWS; STUDENTS
Independent Investigators, 1970
ABBOTT, N. JOAN, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Duke University
ABRAHAMSON, E. W., Professor of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University
ADELMAN, WILLIAM J., JR., Professor of Physiology, University of Maryland
AIKYAMA, TOYOHIRO, Research Associate, Columbia University, College of Physicians and
Surgeons ALBUQUERQUE, EDSON X., Associate Professor of Pharmacology, State University of New York
at Buffalo
ALLEN, ROBERT DAY, Professor, State University of New York at Albany ANDERSON, EVERETT, Professor of Zoology, University of Massachusetts ANDREWS, THOMAS G., JR., Postdoctoral Fellow, Columbia University, College of Physicians
and Surgeons
APLEY, MARTYN L., Assistant Professor, Brooklyn College APRIL, ERNEST W., Instructor in Anatomy, Columbia University ARMSTRONG, PHILIP B., Professor Emeritus, State University of New York ARNOLD, JOHN M., Associate Professor, University of Hawaii
AUSTIN, C. R., Professor of Animal Embryology, University of Cambridge, England AZARNIA, ROOBIK, Research Associate, University of Miami BANG, FREDERIK B., Professor and Chairman, Department of Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins
University School of Hygiene and Public Health
BARTELL, CLELMER K., Assistant Professor, Louisiana State University in New Orleans BAUER, G. ERIC, Associate Professor of Anatomy, University of Minnesota BAYLOR, MARTHA, Lecturer, State University of New York at Stony Brook BELAMARICH, FRANK A., Professor of Biology, Boston University
BELL, ALLEN L., Assistant Professor of Anatomy, University of Colorado Medical Center BENNETT, M. V. L., Professor of Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of Medicine BETCHAKU, TEIICHI, Instructor in Biology, Yale University
BIANCHI, CARMINE PAUL, Professor of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania BLUMENTHAL, ROBERT P., Research Associate, Columbia University, College of Physicians and
Surgeons BORGESE, THOMAS A., Assistant Professor of Biology, Lehman College of The City University
of New York BRANDT, PHILIP W., Associate Professor of Anatomy, Columbia University, College of Physicians
and Surgeons
BRAVERMAN, MAX, Associate Research Biologist, Allegheny General Hospital BRENNER, SYDNEY, Head of the Division of Molecular Genetics, Medical Research Council,
Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England
BROWN, FRANK A., JR., Morrison Professor of Biology, Northwestern University BROWN, JOEL E., Associate Professor of Physiology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology BURDICK, CAROLYN J., Assistant Professor of Biology, Brooklyn College BURGER, MAX M., Associate Professor of Biochemical Sciences and Biology, Princeton University
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 33
BUSH, LOUISE, Visiting Investigator in Residence, Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine Bio- logical Laboratory CARRIKER, MELBOURNE R., Director, Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine Biological
Laboratory
CASE, JAMES F., Professor of Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara CASSIDY, FR. JOSEPH D., Assistant Professor of Biology, University of Notre Dame CHAMBERS, EDWARD L., Professor of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Miami CHAUNCEY, HOWARD H., Chief, Research in Oral Diseases, Veterans Administration Central
Office
CHILD, FRANK M., Associate Professor of Biology, Trinity College CLARK, WALL is HENSMAN, JR., Assistant Professor of Zoology, University of Houston CLAYTON, RODERICK K., Professor of Biology and Biophysics, Cornell University CLEMENT, ANTHONY C., Professor of Biology, Emory University
COHEN, ADOLPH L, Associate Professor of Anatomy, Research Associate Professor of Ophthal- mology, Washington University School of Medicine COHEN, LAWRENCE B., Assistant Professor, Yale University COLE, KENNETH S., Senior Research Biophysicist, Laboratory of Biophysics, National Institutes
of Health
COLLIER, JACK R., Professor of Biology, Brooklyn College
COLLINS, MICHAEL F., Assistant Professor of Zoology, The University of Texas at Austin COLWIN, ARTHUR L., Professor of Biology, Queens College, The City University of New York COLWIN, LAURA HUNTER, Professor of Biology, Queens College, The City University of New
York
COOPERSTEIN, SHERWIN J., Professor of Anatomy, University of Connecticut COPELAND, DONALD EUGENE, Professor of Biology, Tulane University CORNELL, NEAL W., Assistant Professor of Chemistry, Pomona College
COSTELLO, DONALD P., Kenan Professor of Zoology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill COUSINEAU, GILLES H., Assistant Professor, University of Montreal CROWELL, SEARS, Professor, Indiana University
DAW, NIGEL W., Assistant Professor, Washington University, St. Louis DEGUCHI, TAKEHIKO, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Duke University DELAMATER, EDWARD D., Distinguished University Professor of Science, Florida Atlantic
University DE LORENZO, A. J. Darin, Director of Research and Professor, The Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine
DEPHILLIPS, HENRY A., Associate Professor of Chemistry, Trinity College DE TERRA, NOEL, Assistant Member, Division of Biology, The Institute for Cancer Research DETTBARN, WOLF-DIETRICH, Professor of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, School of
Medicine
DODGE, FREDERICK A., JR., Visiting Associate Professor, Rockefeller University DOWDALL, MICHAEL J., Senior Research Scientist, Institute for Basic Research in Mental
Retardation DOWLING, JOHN E., Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and Biophysics, Johns Hopkins
University
DUNHAM, PHILIP B., Associate Professor of Zoology, Syracuse University EBERT, JAMES D., Designate Director, Marine Biological Laboratory and Professor of Biology
and Embryology, Carnegie Institution of Washington EGYUD, LASZLO G., Co-Director of Project, Institute of Muscle Research, Marine Biological
Laboratory
EHRENSTEIN, GERALD, Staff Member, National Institutes of Health EPSTEIN, HERMAN T., Professor of Biophysics, Brandeis University ERULKAR, SOLOMON D., Professor, University of Pennsylvania FARMANFARMAIAN, A., Associate Professor of Physiology, Rutgers, The State University of
New Jersey
FERRIS, James P., Associate Professor, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute FERTZIGER, ALLEN, Postdoctoral Fellow, Albert Einstein College of Medicine FINCH, J. T., Scientific Staff, Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, England FINE, Jacob, Director of Shock Division, Harvard Surgical LTnit, Boston City Hospital
34 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
FINGERMAN, MILTON, Professor of Biology, Tulane University
FIORE, JAMES, Systeniatics-Ecology Program, Marine Biological Laboratory
FISHELSON, LEV, Senior Lecturer, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
FISHER, FRANK M., JR., Associate Professor of Biology, Rice University
FISHMAX, HARVEY M., Staff Member, National Institutes of Health
FLEISCHMAN, DARRELL E., Staff Scientist, Charles F. Kettering Research Laboratory
FREEMAN, ALAN R., Associate Professor of Physiology, Rutgers Medical School
FREEMAN, GARY, Assistant Professor of Biology, University of California, San Diego
FREEMAN, SALLIE BOINEAU, N. I. H. Postdoctoral Fellow and Instructor, University of Florida
FUORTES, M. G. F., Chief, Laboratory of Neurophysiology, National Institutes of Health
GELPERIN, ALAN, Assistant Professor of Biology, Princeton University
GEWURZ, HENRY, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota
GIBBS, MARTIN, Professor of Biology, Brandeis University
GILBERT, DANIEL L., Head, Section on Cellular Biophysics, National Institutes of Health
GUIDICE, GIOVANNI, Director of the Institute of Comparative Anatomy, University of Palermo,
Italy
GOLDSMITH, TIMOTHY H., Associate Professor of Biology, Yale University GORMAN, ANTHONY L. F., Research Physiologist, National Institute of Mental Health GRANT, DAVID C., Assistant Professor of Biology, Davidson College GRANT, PHILIP, Professor of Biology, University of Oregon GRASSLE, JUDITH, Research Associate, Marine Biological Laboratory GREEN, JONATHAN P., Assistant Professor, Brown University
GREENBERG, MICHAEL J., Associate Professor of Biological Sciences, Florida State UJniversity GREISS, GARY, Postdoctoral Fellow in Ophthalmology and Biochemistry, University of Rochester
Medical Center
GROSCH, DANIEL S., Professor of Genetics, North Carolina State University GROSS, PAUL R., Professor of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology GRUNDFEST, HARRY, Professor, Columbia LTniversity, College of Physicians and Surgeons GUILLARD, ROBERT R. L., Associate Scientist, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution GUTTMAN, RITA, Associate Professor of Biology, Brooklyn College G WILLIAM, GILBERT F., Professor of Biology, Reed College HALLETT, MARK, Staff Associate, Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental
Health HALVORSON, HARLYN O., Professor of Molecular Biology and Bacteriology, University of
Wisconsin
HARTSHORNE, DAVID J., Assistant Professor, Mellon Institute of Carnegie-Mellon University HASCHEMEYER, AUDREY E. V., Associate Professor of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, The
City University of New York HASTINGS, J. W., Professor, Harvard University HATA, SHUN-ICHI, Institute of Muscle Research HAXO, F. T., Professor, Chairman Marine Biological Research Division, Scripps Institution of
Oceanography
HAYASHI, TERU, Chairman and Professor, Illinois Institute of Technology
HAYES, RAYMOND L., Associate Professor of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh HEIBRONN, EDITH, Associate Professor, Chief Biochemistry Section, University of LTppsala and
Research Institute of National Defence, Sundbyberg, Sweden
HENKIN, ROBERT L, Chief, Section of Neuroendocrinology, National Institutes of Health HENLEY, CATHERINE, Research Associate in Zoology, University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill
HILL, ROBERT B., Associate Professor of Zoology, LIniversity of Rhode Island HILLMAN, PETER, Guest Professor, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel HINEGARDNER, RALPH T., Associate Professor, LTniversity of California, Santa Cruz HINSCH, GERTRUDE W., Associate Professor, Institute of Molecular Evolution, University of
Miami
HOLLYFIELD, JOE G., Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology, Columbia University HOLZ, GEORGE G., JR., Professor and Chairman, Department of Microbiology, State University
of New York, Upstate Medical Center
HOSKIN, FRANCIS C. G., Professor of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology HUBBARD, RUTH, Research Associate and Lecturer in Biology, Harvard University
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 35
HUXLEY, HUGH E., Scientific Staff, Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, England
IKEDA, MARIKO, Research Associate, University of Pennsylvania ILAN, JOSEPH, Assistant Professor, Temple University ILAN, JUDITH, Research Associate, Temple University INOUE, SADAYUKI, Assistant Professor, University of Montreal
IRISAWA, HIROSHI, Professor of Physiology, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan IZZARD, COLIN S., Assistant Professor, State University of New York at Albany JACOBSON, ANTONE G., Professor of Zoology, University of Texas at Austin JENNINGS, JOSEPH BRIAN, Senior Lecturer in Zoology, University of Leeds, England KAMINER, BENJAMIN, Lecturer in Anatomy, Harvard Medical School KANEKO, AKIMICHI, Research Fellow, Harvard Medical School KATZ, GEORGE, Assistant Professor, Columbia University
KAWAI, NOBUFUMI, Research Associate, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons KEAN, EDWARD L., Assistant Professor, Case Western Reserve University KELLY, ROBERT E., Assistant Professor of Anatomy, Dartmouth Medical School KEM, WILLIAM R., Postdoctoral Fellow, Duke University KIEN, MARJA, Postdoctoral Fellow, Boston LIniversity KIRK, EDWARD S., University of Illinois
KOHLER, KURT, Professor Associate, CNRS, Montpellier, France KORN, HENRI, Research Associate, Albert Einstein College of Medicine KRUPA, PAUL L., Assistant Professor, The City College of New York KURTZ, GUILHERME S., International Fellow USPHS, Columbia University, College of Physicians
and Surgeons
KUSANO, KIYOSHI, Associate Professor, Indiana University Medical School KUWASAWA, KIYOAKI, Postdoctoral Research Associate, University of Rhode Island LAKSHMINARAYANAIAH, NALLANNA, Associate Professor of Pharmacology, University of
Pennsylvania
LAM, DOMINIC M. K., Postdoctoral Fellow, Harvard Medical School LAMARCHE, PAUL H., Medical Director of Child Development Center and Genetics Laboratory,
Rhode Island Hospital
LASH, JAMES W., Professor of Anatomy, LIniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine LAUFER, HANS, Associate Professor of Biology, LTniversity of Connecticut LAZAROW, ARNOLD, Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, University of Minnesota LENT, CHARELS M., Assistant Professor of Zoology, Ohio University LERMAN, SIDNEY, Professor of Ophthalology and Biochemistry, McGill University LEVIN, JACK, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins LIniversity School of Medicine and
Hospital LEVINTHAL, CYRUS, Professor and Chairman, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia
University LEVY, MILTON, Professor and Chairman, Department of Biochemistry, New York University
College of Dentistry
LEVY, RICHARD, Research Associate, University of Delaware LIPICKY, RAYMOND JOHN, Assistant Professor Pharmacology and Medicine, University of
Cincinnati
Liuzzi, ANTHONY, Assistant Professor, Yale LIniversity
LODISH, HARVEY F., Assistant Professor of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology LOEWENSTEIN, WERNER R., Professor of Physiology, Columbia University, College of Physicians
and Surgeons
LOEWUS, FRANK, Professor of Biology, State University of New York at Buffalo LONGO, FRANK, J., NICHHD Postdoctoral Research Fellow, LIniversity of Massachusetts LORAND, JOYCE BRUNER, Research Associate, Northwestern University LORAND, L., Professor of Chemistry, Northwestern University MACNICHOL, EDWARD F. JR., Director, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke,
National Institute of Health
MANGUM, CHARLOTTE P., Associate Professor of Biology, College of William and Mary McKENNA, OLIVIA C., Assistant Research Scientist, New York University Medical College McREYNOLDS, JOHN S., Staff Associate, Laboratory of Neurophysiology, National Institute of
Health MENDELSON, MARTIN. Associate Professor of Physiology, New York University School of Medicine
36 ANNUAL REPORT OF THK MARIXK BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
METUZALS, J., Professor, University of Ottawa
METZ, CHARLES B., Professor of Biology, Institute of Molecular Evolution, University of Miami
MILKMAN, ROGER DAWSON, Professor of Zoology, The University of Iowa
MILLER RICHARD L., Assistant Professor of Biology, Temple University
MINOR, RONALD R., Postdoctoral Fellow in Pathology, University of Pennsylvania
MITCHELL, RALPH, Associate Professor, Harvard University
MONROY, ESPERANZA, Research Associate, University of Virginia
MOORE, JOHN \V., Professor of Physiology, Duke University
MORGADES, PILAR, Training Fellow, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons
MORIN, JAMES G., Assistant Professor of Zoology, University of California, Los Angeles
MOTE, MICHAEL I., Postdoctoral Fellow, Yale University
MURAYAMA, KOICHI, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Duke University
NADELHAFT, IRVING, Research Physicist, Veterans Administration Hospital, Leech Farm
NAMIKAWA, ISAMU, Visiting Professor, State University of New York at Buffalo
NARAHASHI, TOSHIO, Professor and Head of Physiology Division, Duke University
NEALSON, KENNETH H., Harvard University
NELSON, LEONARD, Chairman, Dept. of Physiology, Medical College of Ohio at Toledo
NEWELL, PETER C, Bell Research Fellow and Lecturer in Microbiology at St. Peter's College,
University of Oxford, England
NYSTROM, RICHARD A., Associate Professor, University of Delaware OBINATA, TAKASHI, Research Associate, Illinois Institute of Technology O'BRIEN, ELINOR M., Lecturer and Associate Director, Cancer Research Institute, Boston
College
OHKI, SHINPEI, Assistant Professor of Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo OLIVEIRA CASTRO, GILBERTO M., International Research Fellow, Columbia University OLSON, JOHN M., Biophysicist, Brookhaven National Laboratory
PALTI, YORAM, Associate Professor in Physiology, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Medicine PAPPAS, GEORGE DEMETRIOS, Professor of Anatomy and Acting Chairman of the Anatomy
Department, Albert Einstein College of Medicine PARNAS, ITZHAK, Visiting Professor, Columbia University PEARLMAN, ALAN L., Assistant Professor of Physiology and Biophysics and Assistant Professor
of Neurology, Washington University Medical School PERSON, PHILIP, Chief, Special Research Laboratory for Oral Tissue Metabolism, Veterans
Administration Hospital, Brooklyn
PIERCE, SIDNEY K., JR., Research Associate, Florida State University
PODLESKI, TOM, Visiting Investigator, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons PODOLOSKY, RICHARD J., Chief, Section on Cellular Physics, National Institute of Arthritis and
Metabolic Diseases PRENDERGAST, ROBERT A., Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and Pathology, Johns Hopkins
University
PRICE, C. A., Professor of Plant Biochemistry, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey PROSSER, C. LADD, Professor of Physiology and Zoology, University of Illinois RAMSEY, W. SCOTT, Research Postdoctoral Fellow, Yale University READ, CLARK P., Professor of Biology, Rice University REBHUN, LIONEL I., Professor, University of Virginia REINHOLD, RANDOLPH B., Research Associate, Harvard University
REUBEN, JOHN, Associate Professor, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons REYNOLDS, GEORGE T., Professor, Princeton University RICE, ROBERT V., Professor of Biochemistry and Senior Fellow of Mellon Institute, Mellon
Institute of Carnegie-Mellon University
RICHMAN, SUMNER, Professor of Biology, Lawrence University RIPPS, HARRIS, Professor of Experimental Ophthalmology, New York University School of
Medicine
RITCHIE, J. MURDOCH, Professor and Chairman, Yale University ROSE, FLORENCE C., Research Associate, Tulane University ROSE, S. MERYL, Professor, Tulane University
ROSENBLUTH, JACK, Associate Professor of Physiology, New York University College of Medicine ROXBY, ROBERT, Research Associate, Oregon State University
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 37
RUIZ-MANRESA, FRANCISCO, Investigator, Columbia University and Universidad Central de
Venezuela RUSHFORTH, NORMAN B., Associate Professor of Biology and Assistant Professor of Biostatistics,
Case Western Reserve University
RUSSELL-HUNTER, W. D., Professor of Zoology, Syracuse University RUSTAD, RONALD C., Associate Professor of Radiology and of Biology, Case Western Reserve
University
SAUNDERS, JOHN W., JR., Professor of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Albany SCHMEER, SISTER ARLINE C., Professor and Director of Life Sciences Research, Ohio Dominican
College
SCHOPF, THOMAS J., Assistant Professor of Geophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago SCHUETZ, ALLEN W., Assistant Professor, The Johns Hopkins University SCOTT, GEORGE T., Professor of Biology, Oberlin College
SENFT, JOSEPH PHILIP, Assistant Professor, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey SHANKLIN, D. R., Pathologist-in-chief and Professor of Obstetrics and Pathology, University of
Chicago (Chicago Lying-in Hospital)
SHAW, STEPHEN R., Visiting Scientific Fellow, National Institutes of Health SHEPRO, DAVID, Professor, Boston University
SHERMAN, IRWIN W., Associate Professor of Zoology, University of California, Riverside SHRIVASTAV, B. B., Postdoctoral Fellow, Yale University Medical School SIEGEL, IRWIN M., Associate Professor, Research Ophthalmology, New York University Medical
Center
SIEGELMAN, HAROLD W., Biochemist, Brookhaven National Laboratory SIMON, ERIC J., Associate Professor, New York University Medical Center SKALKO, RICHARD G., Associate Professor of Toxicology-Research Scientist, Albany Medical
Center-Birth Defects Institute SLOBODKIN, L. B., Professor, Department of Biology, State University of New York at Stony
Brook
SORENSON, A. LEE, Postdoctoral Trainee, Columbia University SORENSON, MARTHA M., Postdoctoral Trainee, Columbia University SPIEGEL, MELVIN, Professor of Biology, Dartmouth College SPIRA, MICHA, E., Postdoctoral Fellow, Albert Einstein College of Medicine STEINBERG, Malcolm S., Professor of Biology, Princeton University STEINBERG, SIDNEY, Research Associate, Columbia University ST'ELL, WTILLIAM K., Senior Staff Fellow, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke,
National Institutes of Health
STEPHENS, RAYMOND E., Assistant Professor of Biology, Brandeis University STILLMAN, IRVING E., Research Associate, National Institutes of Health STRACHER, ALFRED, Professor of Biochemistry, State University of New York, Downstate Medical
Center
STRITTMATTER, PHILIPP, Professor of Biochemistry, University of Connecticut STRUMWASSER, FELIX, Professor of Biology, California Institute of Technology STUNKARD, HORACE W., Research Associate, American Museum of Natural History SULLIVAN, REV. WTM. D., Professor and Director, Cancer Research Institute, Boston College SUSSMAN, MAURICE, Professor of Biology, Brandeis University
SUZUKI, JIRO, Research Associate, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons SZENT-GYORGYI, ALBERT, Director and Principal Investigator, Institute for Muscle Research,
Marine Biological Laboratory
SZENT-GYORGYI, ANDREW G., Professor, Brandeis University TANZER, MARVIN L., Assistant Professor of Biochemistry, University of Connecticut Medical
School
TASAKI, ICHIJI, Chief, Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health TAYLOR, ROBERT E., Acting Chief, Biophysics Laboratory, National Institutes of Health TAYLOR, WM. RANDOLPH, Emeritus Professor and Curator, University of Michigan TAYLOR, W. ROWLAND, Associate Professor of Oceanography, The Johns Hopkins University THORNBER, JAMES PHILIP, Assistant Scientist, Brookhaven National Laboratory TRACER, WILLIAM, Professor, The Rockefeller University
TRINKAUS, JOHN PHILIP, Professor of Biology and Master of Branford College, Yale University TROLL, WALTER, Professor, New York University Medical Center
38 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
TUPPER, JOSEPH T., Postdoctoral, State University of New York at Albany
T \\EEDELL, KEN YON S., Professor of Biology, University of Notre Dame
VAN HOLDE, K. E., Professor of Biophysics, Oregon State University
VILLEE, CLAUDE A., Andelot Professor of Biological Chemistry, Harvard University
VINCENT, W. S., Professor of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh
WAGNER, HENRY G., Director of Intramural Research, National Institute of Neurological Diseases
and Stroke
WALD, GEORGE, Higgins Professor of Biology, Harvard University WANG, CHING, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Duke University WATANABE, AKIRA, Visiting Scientist, National Institute of Mental Health
WATKINS, DUDLEY T., Assistant Professor of Anatomy, University of Connecticut Health Center WEBB, H. MARGUERITE, Professor of Biological Sciences, Goucher College WEBER, ANNEMARIE, Professor of Biochemistry, St. Louis University WEIDNER, EARL, Postdoctoral Fellow, Rockefeller University
WTEISSMANN, GERALD, Associate Professor of Medicine, New York University Medical Center WHITTAKER, J. RICHARD, Associate Member, Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology WHITTAKER, V. P., Sir W. Dunn Reader in Biochemistry, Cambridge University, England WIEDERHOLD, MICHAEL L., Staff Fellow, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke,
National Institutes of Health
WILCE, ROBERT T., Associate Professor, University of Massachusetts WILKENS, LON A., Research Fellow, Florida State University
WILSON, DARCY B., Associate Professor of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University of Pennsyl- vania Medical School
WILSON, DAVID Louis, Research Fellow, California Institute of Technology WILSON, EDWARD O., Professor of Zoology, Harvard University WITTMAN, KARL S., Assistant Professor, Hudson Valley Community College WOLBARSHT, MYRON L., Professor of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center WYSE, GORDON A., Assistant Professor, University of Massachusetts WYTTENBACH, CHARLES R., Assistant Professor of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of
Kansas
YPHANTIS, DAVID A., Professor of Biology, University of Connecticut
ZIGMAN, SEYMOUR, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and Biochemistry, University of Rochester Medical Center
Lillie Fellow, 1970
SCARANO, EDUARDO, Director of Research, International Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Naples, and Professor of Molecular Biology, University of Palermo, Italy
Grass Fellows, 1970
FRAZIER, DONALD T., Senior Fellow, Associate Professor, University of Kentucky GRUENER, RAPHAEL, Assistant Professor of Physiology, University of Arizona HONERJAEGER, PETER, Research Fellow, Harvard Medical School LALL, ABNER BISHAMBER, Research Associate, Eye Research Foundation of Bethesda LANDOWNE, DAVID, Research Associate, Yale University MANALIS, RICHARD S., Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Cincinnati PURVES, DALE, Harvard Medical School SMITH, DEAN O., Stanford University, Stanford, California
TAUC, L., Director, Laboratorie de Neurophysiologie Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientific, Paris, France
Rand Fellow, 1970
SHILO, MOSHE, Head of Department of Microbiological Chemistry, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Research Assistants, 1970
ANTONELLIS, BLENDA, Case Western Reserve University APRIL, STEPHANIE P., Columbia University
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 39
ARENDS, SIGRID, Centre National de la Recherche Scientitique, France
ARISPE, NELSON, Duke University
BAIRD, WILLIAM M., Massachusetts Audubon Society
BARNES, STEPHEN N., University of Colorado Medical Center
BAZAR, LEONARD, McGill University
BEACH, DAVID H., State University of New York, Upstate Medical Center
BEATY, LARRY D., University of Iowa
BELANGER, ANN M., Case Western Reserve University
BELANGER, SANDRA E., The Biological Bulletin, Marine Biological Laboratory
BELCHER, CHARLES, Harvard Medical School
BELL, WAYNE H., Middlebury College
BIRDSEY, VANESSA, University of Minnesota
BLACK, ROBERT W., Lawrence University
BOSCH, HERMAN F., The Johns Hopkins University
BOTOS, PAUL, JR., Princeton University
BROWN, ROBERT S., The Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health
BRUNER, WILLIAM E., Case Western Reserve University and Wesleyan University
BRUNO, MERLE S., Yale University
CAMPBELL, LAURIE K., Northwestern University
CARHART, JUDY A., College of William and Mary
GAYER, M. L., University of Miami
CHILDS, JOHN NORRIS III, Johns Hopkins Medical School
CIANCI, LUIGI, Herbert H. Lehman College, The City University of New York
CLARK, ANDREA, State University of New York at Stony Brook
CLEAVES, CAROL A., Duke University
CLUSIN, WILLIAM, Albert Einstein Medical College
COLGAN, JAMES A., Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons
COLLIER, MARJORIE M., Brooklyn College
CONWAY, JOAN, Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine Biological Laboratory
Cox, EDWIN B., Duke University
DEGROOF, ROBERT C., Duke University
DIGGINS, SISTER KIERAN, Northwestern University
DOHERTY, JOHN D., University of Wisconsin
DOLE, WILLIAM P., New York University School of Medicine
DONNER, DAVID, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
DOWNEY, JAMES M., University of Illinois, Urbana
DREXLER, ANDREW J., New York University Medical School
DUDLEY, JUDITH E., University of Chicago
DULUDE, GAIL LORRAINE, National Institutes of Health
EAGLES, DOUGLAS A., University of Massachusetts, Amherst
EDDS, KENNETH T., State University of New York at Albany
ELLISON, REBECCA P., Hunter College of The City University of New York
EMERSON, CHARLES P., JR., University of California, San Diego
ETTIENNE, EARL, State University of New York at Albany
FACER, JOHN, Case Western Reserve University
FAGER, LEI YEN, Case Western Reserve University
FAGER, ROGER S., Case Western Reserve L^niversity
FIEL, STANLEY B., College of Osteopathic Medicine and Surgery
FINE, JOHANNAH E., University of Massachusetts, Amherst
FISHER, LINDA A., Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
FRANKE, JAKOB, Brandeis University
GARMANY, GEORGE P., JR., University of Virginia
GEORGE, DANIEL W., Tulane University
GHAREEB, SAMI M., Emory University
GRANIERI, ALDO, International Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Naples
HACHMEISTER, LON, University of Washington
HABERFIELD, EVE, LIniversity of Rhode Island
HAHUS, MARJORIE, Boston University
HALVERSON, ROGER, University of California, Santa Barbara
40 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
HANSON, MUSETTA, Ohio Dominican College
HARRIS, EDWARD M., Duke University
HAUSE, SHELDON K., Illinois Institute of Technology
HOFFMAN, ALBERT C., North Carolina State University
HOFFMAN, RUTH, Brandeis University
HUEBNER, ERWIN, University of Massachusetts
HUNTER, ANNE LOUISE, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
HUNTER, R. DOUGLAS, Syracuse University
IKEDA, MARIKO, University of Pennsylvania
IVY, NETTIE F., University of Virginia
Izzo, THEODORE JAMES, Princeton University
JACOBSEN, MARION, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
JENSEN, DAVID WILLIAM, University of Illinois
JOHNSON, DONALD R., University of Minnesota
JOHNSON, MICHAEL L., University of Connecticut
KAUFMANN, KARL W., University of Chicago
KENNEY, DIANNE, Boston University
KETCHUM, MARGARET S., Marine Biological Laboratory
KLEIN, ABBY, National Institutes of Health
KRASNOW, ROBERT ABRAM, Tulane University
KROPP, DONNA L., Syracuse University
KUSHINS, LEONARD JAY, College of William and Mary
LAURIE, VERONICA ANN, Hunter College
LESTER, HENRY A., Rockefeller University
LEVI, CAROLYN A., Brandeis University
LIBBIN, RICHARD, Bard College
LINDBERG, KENNETH A., JR., University of Pittsburgh
LINCK, RICHARD WAYNE, Brandeis University
LINDORFER, JEAN, University of Minnesota
LIPSON, ROBERT A., Columbia University
LISMAN, JOHN, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MACARTHUR, THOMAS C., Vale University
MALOFF, SUZANNE M., Chatham College
MCCAULEY, JANE A., Reed College
McGovERN, WILLIAM EDWARD, Amherst College
McMAHON, JOHN J., Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine Biological Laboratory
McMAHON, ROBERT F., Syracuse University
MESZLER, RICHARD M., Albert Einstein College of Medicine
MOORE, PATRICK L., State University of New Vork at Albany
MULLER, KENNETH JOSEPH, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
NELSON, MARGARET C., University of Pennsylvania
NOE, BRYAN D., University of Minnesota
O'DELL, NORRIS L., Medical College of Georgia
O'RAND, ANGELA M., Temple University
PARMENTIER, JAMES, University of California, Santa Barbara
PFENNINGER, ELSA, McGill University
PILLSBURY, STEPHEN, University of Connecticut School of Medicine
REKOSH, DAVID, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
RIGGIO, BONNIE L., University of Massachusetts
ROBERTSON, LOLA E., American Museum of Natural History
RORKE, CHARLES T., Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology
ROSE, BIRGIT, Columbia University and University of Munich, Germany
Ross, ALLAN, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RUBINSTEIN, NEAL A., Dartmouth College and University of Pennsylvania
SAGE, JEAN A., Indiana University Medical Center
SAKAKURA, YASUO, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health
SASSAMAN, CLAY A., College of William and Mary
SCHULTZ, WARREN WALTER, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health
SHAPIRO, EDWARD JAMES, State University of New York at Buffalo
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 41
SHERMDEN, ANTONY W., Wesleyan University
SHIROKY, DOROTHY V., The Johns Hopkins University
SKALKO, LOUISE L., Birth Defects Institute, Albany Medical Center
SLAUGHTER, MARGARET ANN, Yale University
SMUCKER, LUELLEN A., University of Delaware
SMYTH, WARD ALAN, Central Connecticut State College
SNYDER, DAVID ANDREW, Brown University
SOSA, JORGE SANCHEZ, Boston City Hospital
STAFFORD, WALTER F., Ill, University of Connecticut
STEPHENSON, JOHN E., Tulane University
STILLINGS, WAYNE, Oberlin College
STOCKS, ADELAINE, Columbia University
STUART, CLAUDE LEROY, III, Princeton University
SUDDITH, ROBERT L., Indiana University
SZAMIER, R. BRUCE, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
SZONYI, ESTZER I., Harvard Medical School
TEREBEY, NICHOLAS, State University of New York, Upstate Medical Center
TOBIAS, THOMAS, University of Pennsylvania
Tocci, SALVATORE, Brooklyn College
TOOMEY, BARBARA, Goucher College
TOWNSEND, KAY, University of Minnesota
TUCKER, GAIL SUSAN, University of Kansas
TURNER, ROBERT SCOTT, University of Oregon
TURPEN, JAMES B., Tulane University
TWOMEY, STANLEY LAWRENCE, University of Kansas
WAGNER, GEORGE J., State University of New York at Buffalo
WAUNG, Hsi FONG, State University of New York at Stonybrook
WAXMAN, STEPHEN G., Albert Einstein College of Medicine
WEXLER, ANDREW, Dartmouth College
WOLLEY, ROBERT C., Tulane University
YOUNG, JANICE E., Northwestern University
YULO, THERESA, University of Rochester Medical Center
ZAKEVICIUS, JANE M., New York University Medical Center
ZIPSER, BIRGIT, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Library Readers, 1970
ALLEN, GARLAND E., Assistant Professor of Biology, Washington University
ANDERSON, RUPERT S., Independent Library Reader, Marine Biological Laboratory
AUGENFELD, JOHN M., Independent Library Reader, Marine Biological Laboratory
BALL, ERIC G., Professor of Biological Chemistry, Harvard Medical School
BENDET, IRWIN, Professor of Biophysics, University of Pittsburgh
BERNE, ROBERT M., Professor and Chairman of the Department of Physiology, University of
Virginia, School of Medicine
BIRNBAUM, ALLAN, Professor, New York University, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences BOETTIGER, EDWARD G., Professor of Physiology, University of Connecticut BRIDGEMAN, JOSEPHINE, Professor of Biology, Agnes Scott College BUCK, JOHN, Chief, Laboratory of Physical Biology, National Institutes of Health BURNSIDE, MARY BETH, Postdoctoral Fellow, Harvard University CABLE, RAYMOND M., Professor of Biology, Purdue University CARLSON, FRANCIS D., Professor of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University CHASE, AURIN M., Professor of Biology Emeritus, Princeton University CLARK, ARNOLD M., Professor of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware DAVIS, BERNARD D., Professor of Bacterial Physiology, Harvard Medical School EDER, HOWARD A., Professor of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine ELKINS, WILLIAM L., Assistant Professor, LIniversity of Pennsylvania GABRIEL, MORDECAI L., Professor and Chairman of Biology, Brooklyn College GELFANT, SEYMOUR, Professor of Zoology, Syracuse University
42 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
GERMAN, JAMES, Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy and Pediatrics, Cornell University
Medical Center GINSBERG, HAROLD S., Professor and Chairman, Department of Microbiology, University of
Pennsylvania
GITLIN, DAVID, Professor of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine GREEN, JAMES W., Professor of Physiology, Rutgers University HAUGAARD, NIELS, Professor of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania HILL, ROBERT B., Associate Professor, University of Rhode Island ISSELBACHER, KURT J., Professor of Medicine, Chief, Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts
General Hospital
KALTENBACH, JANE C., Associate Professor, Mount Holyoke College KEMPTON, RUDOLF T., Professor Emeritus of Biology, Vassar College KRASSNER, STUART M., Associate Professor, University of California, Irvine LAKI, KOLOMAN, Chief, Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, National Institute of Arthritis and
Metabolic Diseases — LBC
LEVINE, RACHMIEL, Chairman, Department of Medicine, New York University Medical College LINEAWEAVER, THOMAS H., Independent Library Reader, Marine Biological Laboratory LURIA, S. E., Professor of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology MAHLER, HENRY R., Research Professor, Indiana University MARKS, PAUL A., Professor and Chairman, Department of Human Genetics and Development,
Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons MARSHAK, ALFRED, Tulane University Medical School MARSLAND, DOUGLAS, Research Professor Emeritus, New York University MAUTNER, HENRY G., Professor and Chairman, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology,
Tufts University, School of Medicine
MIZELL, MERLE, Associate Professor Biology, Tulane University MORRELL, FRANK, New York Medical College
NASITIR, MAIMON, Professor and Chairman, Department of Biology, University of Toledo PALMER, JOHN D., Chairman, Department of Biology, New York University PORTER, KEITH R., Professor of Biology, Harvard University
ROSENBERG, EVELYN K., Associate Professor of Biology, Jersey City State College ROSENKRANZ, HERBERT S., Professor of Microbiology, Columbia University, College of Physicians
and Surgeons
ROSINE, W. N., Professor of Biology, Augustana College ROTH, JAY S., Professor of Biochemistry, University of Connecticut ROTH, OWEN H., Head of Biology Department, St. Vincent College ROWLAND, LEWIS P., Professor and Chairman Department of Neurology, University of
Pennsylvania
RUBINOW, SOL I., Professor of Biomathematics, Cornell University Medical College SAGER, RUTH, Professor, Hunter College
SCHLEE, SUSAN, Independent Library Reader, Marine Biological Laboratory SCHLESINGER, R. WALTER, Professor and Chairman, Department of Microbiology, Rutgers
University
SCOTT, ALLAN, Professor and Chairman, Department of Biology, Colby College SMELSER, GEORGE K., Professor of Anatomy, Columbia University, College of Physicians and
Surgeons
SONNENBLICK, B. P., Professor of Zoology, Rutgers University SPECTOR, ABRAHAM, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, College of
Physicians and Surgeons
SPERELAKIS, NICK, Professor Physiology, University of Virginia
STETTEN, DE\\'ITT, JR., Dean and Professor, Experimental Medicine, Rutgers Medical School STETTEN, MARGORIE R., Research Professor, Experimental Medicine, Rutgers Medical School STILLER, RONALD A., Graduate Student, Boston University
STRICKBERGER, MONROE W., Associate Professor of Biology, University of Missouri THOMAS, LEWIS, Professor and Chairman, Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine VACCA, LINDA L., Graduate Student, Tulane University WAINIO, WALTER, Professor of Biochemistry, Rutgers University WEISS, LEON, Professor of Anatomy, Johns Hopkins University WHEELER, GEORGE E., Associate Professor of Biology, Brooklyn College
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 43
WICHTERMAN, RALPH, Professor of Biology, Temple University
WILSON, THOMAS HASTINGS, Professor and Chairman, Department of Physiology, Harvard Medical
School
WITTENBERG, JONATHAN B., Professor of Physiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine VNTEMA, CHESTER, Professor of Anatomy, State University of New York — Syracuse ZEIDENBERG, PHILLIP, Institute in Psychiatry, Columbia, College of Physicians and Surgeons ZIPSER, DAVID, Principal Stall Investigator, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory for Quantitative
Biology
Students, 1970
All students listed completed the formal course program, June 16-July 26. Asterisk indicates students completing post-course research program, July 27-August 30.
ECOLOGY
BARI, GINA, Massachusetts Institute of Technology *BECKER, PETER F., Lawrence University *DAVIS, B. JEANNE, Scripps Institution of Oceanography
DUNN, ROSALIE A., National Biomedical Research Foundation
EATON, DAVID J., Oberlin College
FLANNERY, MAUREEN A., Mount Holyoke College
GRANT, MICHAEL G., Texas Technical University
GREENSPAN, BEVERLY N., The Rockefeller University
HARDOBY, WILLIAM J., Syracuse Lhiiversity
KASTENDIEK, JON E., University of California, Los Angeles
KORAL, STEPHEN M., Harvard University
MANOS, PETER J., Harvard University *MOSKOL, ANN E., Harvard University
PICARDI, ANTHONY C., Massachusetts Institute of Technology *POMERANTZ, MARK, Reed College
ROSNER, JUDAH L., National Institutes of Health *RUBENSTEIN, ELAINE C., State University of New York at Buffalo
SHAFFER, ELLEN J., LTniversity of Minnesota
SILBERGELD, ELLEN K., The Johns Hopkins Liniversity
SNYDER, ALICE J., Bryn Mawr College
*SPILLER, JUDITH A., State University of New York at Stony Brook *WALKER, MARY CLARE, New York University Medical School
ZOLTOWSKI, CAROL, Seton Hill College
EMBRYOLOGY
*CONNER, BRENDA JEAN, Emory University *CouRTOis, YVES, Massachusetts General Hospital
DARST, RUSSELL P., Ill, University of North Carolina *DASCH, GREGORY ALAN, Oberlin College *DUCIBELLA, THOMAS, Princeton University *FRITZLER, MARVIN J., University of Calgary
FRY, ANNE E., Ohio Wesleyan University *HAGEDORN, HENRY H., Liniversity of California, Davis
JOHNSTON, MICHAEL A., Yale University *KUHNS, WILLIAM J., New York L'niversity School of Medicine
LE COUNT, THOMAS SAMUEL, University of California, Davis *LEITH, ARDEAN, LTniversity of Rochester
Lo, TIMOTHY, Illinois Institute of Technology
LOFTFIELD, ROBERT B., University of New Mexico, School of Medicine
MACARAK, EDWARD J., University of Pennsylvania *MIYAMOTO, DAVID M., University of California, San Diego
MOREK, SR. DOLORES M., University of Notre Dame
NICKERSON, KENNETH W., University of Wisconsin
44 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
NEIDERMAN, RICHARD, I "niversity of California, Davi-
POCCIA, DOMINIC L., Harvard University
PUKKILA, PATRICIA J., I 'niversity of Wisconsin
ROSSETTI, PETER L., State University of New York, Upstate Medical Center
SCHWARTZ, MARCIA F., The Johns Hopkins University
TURNER, DAVID C, National Heart and Lung Institute, National Institutes of Health
VAN DENBOS, GARY, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
WEBB, GLENDA C., The Johns Hopkins University
WEBER, LEE A., University of Connecticut
YINGLING, WENDY B., Rice University
EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
*ALBERTE, RANDALL S., Duke University *BERNTSEN, BARBARA, University of Oregon, Eugene
BOWLER, PETER A., Bard College
CRAWFORD, GREGORY, University of Miami
DARWIN, STEVEN P., Drew University *DUNAWAY, CHARLES L., University of Alabama *LAFFERTY, MARY ANN, University of Virginia
MARKOWITZ, MELVIN M., University of Illinois *MARTIN, MARY A., University of Massachusetts, Amherst
NIKLAS, KARL J., University of Illinois *PERRY, MARY JANE, Scripps Institution of Oceanography
RICHARDSON, CHILTON A., Chatham College
RUBIN, PAULA S., University of Texas
STAKER, ROBERT D., University of Arizona *STEINBACK, KATHERINE E., University of California, Berkeley
TEGNER, MIA J., Scripps Institution of Oceanography *WEISTROP, JESSIE S., University of Massachusetts *WETHERBEE, RICHARD, University of Michigan
WILUSZ, CAROL A., University of Massachusetts
PHYSIOLOGY
* BAKER, WILLIAM BRADFORD, University of Illinois, Urbana *BONNER, ROBERT FRANCIS, Johns Hopkins University *CARPENTER, DONALD ELLIS, Or.egon State University *CHENEY, CAROL, Oberlin College
DRAPER, MICHAEL WILLIAM, The Rockefeller University *GouLD, JOHN HOWARD, University of Massachusetts, Amherst *HEREFORD, LYNNA MADSEN, Yale University Medical School
*HOFFMAN, PETER ROBERT, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University *HUANG, DONNA D. C., University of Pennsylvania Medical School *JOHNSON, PAUL ANDREW, Yale University *KLEIN, NATALIE C., New York University *KOPPENHEFFER, THOMAS L., Boston University *LEVIN, SUSANNE, Brown University *LINDNER, ROBERT, Northwestern University *LINDSTROM, DONA MEI, University of California, San Diego
NORDEN, ANTHONY, University College, London, England *POTTER, JAMES DOUGLAS, University of Connecticut *PRITCHARD, LINDA LOUISE, Oak Ridge National Laboratory *REDFIELD, ALFRED G., IBM Watson Laboratory, Columbia University *REUBEN, ROBERTA C., Columbia University *SAFER, DANIEL, Brandeis University
*SCHWELITS, FAYE DOROTHY, C. F. Kettering Research Laboratory *STOCK, GREGORY B., Johns Hopkins University *TILNEY, LEWIS GAWTRY, University of Pennsylvania
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 45
*\\'ALLACE, BRUCE GORDON, Harvard Medical School
WARDEN, JOSEPH T., University of Minnesota *WEATHERBEE, JAMES ARTHUR, Illinois Institute of Technology *WEISEL, JOHN \YINFIELD, Brandeis University * \VOLIN, EDWARD MICHAEL, Reed College
WONG, WAI YAN, University of Notre Dame
INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY
*ALTALO, MARY G.T Smith College
*BARISH, MICHAEL E., Massachusetts Institute of Technology
BERMAN, MARK S., Lawrence University *BESSO, JOSEPH A., JR., University of Vermont
BLAU, HELEN, Harvard University *BREMER, KARL E., University of Notre Dame
BROTHERS, LYNDA, University of Virginia *BURNS, JOHN R., University of Massachusetts
COLE, TIM J., University of West Florida *CORSON, DAVID W., JR., College of William and Mary *EVERSOLE, ARNOLD G., Syracuse University
FERMAN, JOHANNA, University College of London
KOVACS, DAVID A., Oregon State University *LAM, FRANK G., Oberlin College *LIPSON, ROBERT A., Columbia University
LOFTUS, MICHAEL E., Johns Hopkins University *LUBORSKY, JUDITH, State University of New York at Albany *MACLEOD, MURDO G., University of Glasgow *OSMAN, RICHARD W., Brown University
PARRISH, JOHN W., JR., Bowling Green State University
PICKVANCE, SIMON M. J., Cambridge University *PITTMAN, R. GAYLE, Rice University
RANCH, JEROME P. F., De Paul University
RIEKE, CARL K., Louisiana State University *RITZMAN, ROY E., University of Virginia
SIDIE, JAMES M., JR., Indiana University *SNIDER, GILBERT M., State University of New York at Stony Brook
STEIN, PAUL C., Southern University
STILLER, RON A., Boston University
STILLINGS, SUSAN, Oberlin College *STRONG, PAUL L., Purdue University
STULLKEN, RUSSELL E., Emory University *SWEADNER, KATHY, University of California, Santa Barbara
THOMPSON, STUART H., University of Washington *THURMAN, CARL L., II, University of West Florida
TOMASELLO, JOYCE M., Case Western Reserve University
TOOMEY, BARBARA L., Goucher College
Tosi, LAURA L., Boston University
WATTS, JOHN A., JR., Drew University
WILLIAMS, KAREN, Lynchburg College
NEUROBIOLOGY
JOHNSON, ERNEST W., University of Vermont, College of Medicine
KALAT, JAMES W., University of Pennsylvania
KANKEL, DOUGLAS R., Brown University
LINDSTROM, JON MARTIN, University of California, San Diego
MACAGNO, EDUARDO, Columbia University
MARELLI, JOHN DAVID, University of Connecticut
ROTHMAN, BARRY S., California Institute of Technology
STEINBACH, JOSEPH H., University of California, San Diego
46 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
4. FELLOWSHIPS AND SCHOLARSHIPS, 1970
The Bio Club:
FRANCINE INHABER, Botany Course
The Merkel H. Jacobs Scholarship:
ANTHONY NORDEN, Physiology Course DONNA HUANG, Physiology Course
The James Watt Mavor Fund :
MURDO G. MACLEOD, Invertebrate Zoology Course
5. TRAINING PROGRAMS FERTILIZATION AND GAMETE PHYSIOLOGY RESEARCH TRAINING PROGRAM
I. INSTRUCTORS
CHARLES B. METZ, University of Miami, Program Chairman
C. R. AUSTIN, Cambridge University, England
GIOVANNI GIUDICE, University of Palermo
GERTRUDE W. HINSCH, University of Miami
KURT KOHLER, University of Montpellier, France
ALLEN SCHUETZ, Johns Hopkins University
I 1 . CONSULTANT
LEONARD NELSON, Medical College of Ohio at Toledo
III. LABORATORY ASSISTANTS
MARILYN L. CAYER, Electron Microscope Assistant ELLEN MORGAN, Photographic Assistant ANGELA O'RAND, Secretary
IV. TRAINEES
ACKERMAN, NEIL R., Stanford University
BALCUNS, ASTRIDA J., State University of New York at Albany
BAUMGARTEL, MONA D., University of California, San Diego
BENNETT, JERRY, Iowa State University
CONWAY, CAROLYN M., University of Miami
CONWAY, ARTHUR F., University of Miami
EWING, RICHARD D., Oak Ridge National Laboratory
HULL, SHIRLEY A., Oregon State University
KUTISH, GERALD F., Iowa State University
LEWIS, MICHAEL C., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
MERKER, JERRY W., Kansas State University
O'RAND, MICHAEL G., Temple University
SHIPPEE, ELIZABETH S., Cornell University
TANG, FRANK Y., University of Toledo
TOOLE, BRIAN P., Massachusetts General Hospital
VAUGHN, JACK C., Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
V. LECTURES
ALLEN SCHUETZ Hormone tissue interactions in amphibian ovarian follicles
R. KESSEL Comparative aspects of cytodifferentiation and vitellogenesis during
oogenesis
G. GIUDICE Ribosomal RNA synthesis in the sea urchin embryo
WALLIS H. CLARK, JR., Spermiogenesis in Ascaris suns
E. L. CHAMBERS Effects of fertilization on ion exchange in sea urchin embryos
R. H. BARTH, JR. The endocrine regulation of the reproduction cycle in female cockroaches
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
47
A. C. MENGE R. STAMBAUGH L. PIKO
M. J. MOSES
Immunologic induction of infertility in female animals
Significant enzyme in fertilization and gamete physiology
Fine structural and biochemical studies of early development in sea
urchins Macromolecular differentiations during aflagellate spermatogenesis in a
coccid insect
EXCITABLE MEMBRANE PITYSIOLOGY AND BIOPHYSICS TRAINING PROGRA.M
I. INSTRUCTORS
WILLIAM J. ADELMAN, JR., University of Maryland School of Medicine, Program Chairman
JOHN W. MOORE, Duke University School of Medicine
TOSHIO NARAHASHI, Duke University School of Medicine
YORAM PALTI, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School
WERNER R. LOEWENSTEIN, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University
II. CONSULTANTS
KENNETH S. COLE, National Institutes of Health
LORIN J. MULLINS, University of Maryland School of Medicine
DANIEL L. GILBERT, National Institutes of Health
III. TRAINEES
BASHOR, DAVID, Florida State University
BAUMANN, GILBERT, Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute
BERLAD, ABRAHAM, State University of New York at Stony Brook
GOUDEAU, HENRI, University of Paris, France
JOHNSON, JAN, Boston University
KORDAS, MARIAN, Ljubljana University, Jugoslavia
LIPICKY, RAYMOND, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine
MONAHAN, MARCIA, Duke University School of Medicine
COSTING, PIETER, Phillips Research Laboratories, Eindhoven, Netherlands
SCUKA, MARIA, Institute di Fisiologia, Universita di Trieste, Italy
YAMAGUCHI, HIROSHI, Tufts University
IV. LECTURES RICHARD D. KEYNES
KENNETH S. COLE TOBIAS SCHWARTZ
GEORGE KATZ
JOHN W. MOORE WILLIAM ADELMAN, JR.
YORAM PALTI
ROBERT E. TAYLOR
Maintenance of the resting ionic concentration gradients in excitable
tissues
Electrical characteristics of excitable membranes The unity of classical membrane diffusion theory The Ussing-Teorell unidirectional flux ratio Osmotic phenomena and membrane pores The Donnau equilibrium The Goldman equation and its constraints The Goldman equation: effect of active transport Simple diffusion regimes and electrical equivalent circuits Some aspects of instrumentation systems Feedback and its application Feedback control of membranes: methodology Voltage clamp arrangements
Voltage clamped membrane currents in the squid axon Inactivation of the initial transient current The Hodgkin and Huxley axon model: parameter analysis for step and
other command potentials Reconstruction of axon action potential Passive cable properties in nerve Cable properties during nerve impulse propagation. Conduction in
medullated and unmedullated axons
48
ANNUAL REPORT OF THK MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
TOSHIO NARAHASHI
GERALD EHRENSTEIN JOHN REUBEN
C. LADD PROSSER DARIN DE LORENZO DANIEL L. GILBERT
ICHIJI TASAKI LORIN J. MULLINS
FRED DODGE
V. WORKSHOPS JOHN MOORE
YORAM PALTI
Drug action on excitable membranes I. General: conductances of
endplate membranes Drug action on excitable membranes II. Tetrodotoxin, anesthetics
and insecticides Drug action on excitable membranes III. Site of action and active
form of anesthetics
Comparison of lipid bilayers with cell membranes Excitability in lipd bilayer membranes Introduction to the morphology and function of the three excitable
membrane components of muscle Electrical characteristics of the different membrane components of
muscle
The excitation contraction coupling processes Excitable membrane characteristics of smooth muscle Ultrastructure of neural membranes and their relation to sheath cells Surface charges. I. Extension of Gouy-Chapman theory to axon
membrane Surface charges. II. Electrokinetic determination of surface charge
on cells
Macromolecular approaches to the excitation process (film) Fluorescence studies on nerve membranes
Passive electric currents and their relation to membrane currents Ion pumping contributions to the resting potential Ion membrane specificity
The myelinated axon. I. Cable properties and saltatory conduction The myelinated axon. II. Current-voltage relations of the Node of
Ranvier Computations of excitation and design specifications
Lab 8 computer simulation of axon membrane activity using a Focal
program Sigma 7 digital computer simulation of nerve behavior using a Fortran
program
6. TABULAR VIEW OF ATTENDANCE, 1966-1970
|
INVESTIGATORS — TOTAL |
1966 555 |
1967 590 |
1968 528 |
1969 566 |
1970 532 |
|
Independent |
287 |
313 |
281 |
310 |
324 |
|
Library Reader |
77 |
78 |
76 |
68 |
73 |
|
Research Assistants |
191 |
199 |
171 |
188 |
135 |
|
STUDENTS — TOTAL |
126 |
132 |
122 |
118 |
142 |
|
Invertebrate Zoology |
37 |
41 |
39 |
35 |
41 |
|
Embryology |
22 |
20 |
20 |
20 |
28 |
|
Physiology |
29 |
31 |
30 |
30 |
31 |
|
Experimental Botany |
18 |
20 |
15 |
16 |
19 |
|
Ecology ... |
20 |
20 |
18 |
17 |
23 |
|
TRAINEES — TOTAL . |
16 |
16 |
17 |
29 |
33 |
|
TOTAL ATTENDANCE |
710 |
738 |
667 |
708 |
707 |
|
Less persons represented in two categories. . . . . |
0 |
4 |
7 |
5 |
0 |
|
INSTITUTIONS REPRESENTED — TOTAL |
710 198 |
734 177 |
660 169 |
703 187 |
707 191 |
|
FOREIGN INSTITUTIONS REPRESENTED. |
28 |
29 |
23 |
24 |
21 |
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
49
7. IxsTrrrTioNs REPRESENTED, 1970
Agnes Scott College
Alabama, University of
Albany Medical School
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Allegheny General Hospital
American Museum of Natural History
Aniherst College
Arizona, University of
Arizona, University of, College of Medicine
Augustana College
Bard College
Boston City Hospital
Boston College
Boston University
Bowling Green State University
Brandeis University
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Brooklyn College, The City University of New
York
Brown University Bryn Mawr College California Institute of Technology California, University of, Berkeley California, University of, Davis California, University of, Irvine California, University of, Los Angeles California, University of, Riverside California, University of, San Diego California, University of, Santa Barbara California, University of, Santa Cruz Carnegie Institution of Washington Case Western Reserve University Central Connecticut State College Chatham College Chicago, University of Chicago Lying-in Hospital Cincinnati, University of City College of New York, The Colby College
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory College of Osteopathic Medicine and Surgery College of William and Mary Colorado, University of, Medical Center Columbia University Columbia University, College of Physicians and
Surgeons
Connecticut, University of Connecticut, University of, Health Center Connecticut, University of, Medical School Cornell University Cornell University Medical College Dartmouth College Dartmouth Medical School Davidson College Delaware, University of De Paul University
Drew University
Duke University
Duke University Medical Center
Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatrist 1 nstitute
Emory University
Eye Research Foundation of Bethesda
Florida Atlantic University
Florida, University of
Florida State University
Goucher College
Harvard Medical School
Harvard University
Hawaii, University of
Houston, University of
Hudson Valley Community College
Hunter College
Illinois, University of
Illinois Institute of Technology
Indiana University
Indiana University Medical School
Institute for Basic Research in Mental
Retardation
Institute for Cancer Research, The Institute for Muscle Research, The Institute of Molecular Evolution, University of
Miami
Iowa, University of Iowa State University Jersey City State College John Carroll University Johns Hopkins University, The Johns Hopkins University, The, Hospital Johns Hopkins University, The, School of
Hygiene Johns Hopkins University, The, School of
Medicine Juniata College Kansas, University of Kansas State University Kentucky, University of Kettering, Charles F., Research Laboratory Lawrence University Lehman College Louisiana State University Lynchburg College Maine, University of Maryland, University of Maryland, University of, School of Medicine Massachusetts, University of Massachusetts Audubon Society Massachusetts General Hospital Massachusetts Institute of Technology Medical College of Georgia Medical College of Ohio at Toledo Mellon Institute of the Carnegie-Mellon
University
50
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
Miami, University of
Miami University
Michigan, University of
Middlehury College
Minnesota, University of
Minnesota, University of, School of Medicine
Missouri, University of
Mount Holyoke College
National Biomedical Research Foundation
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institutes of Health
New Mexico, University of, School of Medicine
New York Blood Center, The
New York University
New York University College of Dentistry
New York University Medical College
North Carolina, University of
North Carolina State University, Raleigh
Northwestern University
Notre Dame, University of
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Oberlin College
Ohio Dominican College
Ohio Wesleyan University
Ohio University
Oklahoma, University of
Oregon, University of
Oregon State University
Pennsylvania, University of
Pennsylvania, Univeristyof, School of Medicine
Pittsburgh, University of
Pomona College
Princeton University
Purdue University
Queens College, The City University of New
York
Reed College
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Rhode Island, University of Rhode Island Hospital Rice University Rochester, University of Rochester, University of, Medical School Rockefeller University, The Rutgers University Rutgers University Medical School St. Louis University St. Vincent College Scripps Institution of Oceanography Seton Hill College Smith College South University Stanford University State University of New York, Downstate
Medical Center State University of New York, Upstate Medical
Center State University of New York at Albany
State University of New York at Buffalo State University of New York at Stony Brook State University of New York at Syracuse Syracuse University Temple University Tennessee, University of Texas Technical University Texas, University of, Austin Toledo, University of Trinity College Tufts University Tulane University
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Vassar College Vermont, University of Vermont, University of, School of Medicine Veterans Administration Central Office, Wash- ington. D. C.
Veterans Administration Hospital, Brooklyn Veterans Administration Hospital, Pittsburgh Virginia, University of Virginia, University of, School of Medicine Washington University Washington University School of Medicine Wesleyan University West Florida, University of Wisconsin, University of Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Yale University Yale University School of Medicine
FOREIGN INSTITUTIONS REPRESENTED, 1970
Calgary, University of Canada
Cambridge, University of, England
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France
Glasgow, University of, Scotland
Hadassah School of Medicine, Israel
Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem
Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
Institute of Pathophysicology, Yugoslavia
Institute of Physiology, Trieste
International Institute of Genetics and Bio- physics, Italy
Leeds, University of, England
McGill University, Canada
Medical Research Council, England
Montreal, University of, Canada
Ottawa, University of, Canada
Oxford, University of, England
Palermo, University of, Italy
Paris, University of, France
Research Institute of National Defence, Sweden
Tel-Aviv University, Israel
Universidad Central de Venezuela
University College, London
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 51
8. FRIDAY EVENING LKCTCKKS, 1970 July 3
JOHN DOWLING The vertebrate retina: An approachable piece of
Johns Hopkins University brain
Medical School
July 10
MALCOLM STEINBERG How cells self-assemble into tissues and organs
Princeton University
July 17
JOEL ROSENBAUM Synthesis and assembly of flagellar microtubules
Yale University
July 23
L. TAUC Postsynaptic action of transmitter substances
National Scientific Research
Center, Paris
Alexander Forbes Lecturer at MBL
July 24
L. TAUC Long lasting modifications of synaptic efficacy
July 31
MOSHE SHILO Bdellovibrio as a model in the understanding of in- Hebrew University tracellular parasitism
August 7
WALTER GILBERT Repressers and operators
Harvard University
August 14
DONALD D. BROWN An analysis of ribosomal genes in development
Carnegie Institution
August 21
ROGER PAYNE "Songs" of humpback whales
The Rockefeller University
9. TUESDAY EVENING SEMINARS, 1970 July 14
C. R. AUSTIN Initiation of development in vitro in the hamster
R. G. EDWARDS and in man
B. D. BAVISTER
R. L. GARDNER
R. L. GARDNER Manipulative experiments on the mammalian
blastocyst
YV. D. RussELL-HuNTER Interpopulation variation in shell components in
ALBERT J. BURKY the stream limpet, Ferrissia
R. DOUGLAS HUNTER
ROGER MILKMAN A fundamental error in the general model of
genetic selection
CATHERINE HENLEY Ultrastructure of the negatively stained sperma- tozoon of the earthworm
52 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
July 21
BRYAN P. TOOLE Hyaluronic acid and the early blastema of the
regenerating newt limb ERIC J. SIMON Inhibition of RXA phage reproduction and ma-
cromolecular synthesis MAX BRAVERMAN Regulation of hydranth formation in the colonial
hydroid, Podocoryne cornea RUTH SAGER Genetic circularity of an organelle DNA in
Ch lamydomonas
July 28
M. E. SPIRA Exitatory and inhibitory regulation of efferent
I. PARNAS nerve activity in the phallic nerve of the cock-
F. BERGMANN roach Periplaneta americana (L)
H. RIPPS Electrical and photochemical signs of adaptation
J. DOWLING in the skate retina
D. LANDOWNE The role of the sodium pump in adaptation in the
frog muscle spindle W. H. CLARK, JR Ultrastructural study of the secondary septa of
G. W. HINSCH Metridium sp.
August 4
N. W. CORNELL Metabolic controls and biological variation
M. FINGERMAN Analysis of the color changes induced by sero-
K. R. RAO tonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and lysergic acid
diethylamide (LSD) in the fiddler crab, Uca
pugilator
F. C. G. HOSKIN Enzymatic hydrolysis of nerve gases in relation
to function W. R. KEM Chemistry and biology of nemertine neurotoxins
August 11
G. WEISSMANN Mechanisms of enzyme release from natural and
artificial lysosomes
S. ZIGMAN Isoelectric focusing of lens gamma crystallins
\V. D. SULLIVAN, S. J Microtubules in the macronucleus of Tetrahymena
pyriformis Gl. G. \V. HINSCH Some factors controlling reproduction in Libinia
emarginata
August 18
D. B. WILSON On histocompatibility antigens
H. GEWURZ An inducible lysin in Limulns with similarities to
VANESSA BIRDSEY the complement system of vertebrates
DONALD JOHNSON
JEAN LINDORFER
KAY TOWNSEND
ANITA GEWURZ
H. T. EPSTEIN Enzyme changes associated with development of
bacterial competence R. A. PRENDERGAST Mammalian macrophage activating factor from
the sea star Asterias forbesi
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 53
10. ,\ I KM HERS OF THK CORPORATION, 1970
Including Action of 1970 Annual Meeting
Life Members
ADOLPH, DR. EDWARD F., University of Rochester School of Medicine and Den- tistry, Rochester, New York 14620
BAITSELL, DR. GEORGE A., Winter Park Tower, Winter Park, Florida 32789 BERTHOLF, LLOYD M., Central State College Association, 2530 Crawford Avenue,
Evanston, Illinois 60201
BRADLEY, DR. HAROLD C., 2639 Durant Avenue, Berkeley, California 94701 BRODIE, MR. DONALD, 522 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 1001 S COLE, Dr. ELBERT C., 2 Chipman Park Middlebury, Vermont 05753 COWDRY, DR. E. V., 4580 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 CRANE, MRS. W. MURRAY, 820 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10021 CURTIS, DR. MAYNIE R., Cancer Research Laboratory, School of Medicine,
University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146 DAWSON, DR. A. B., 12 Scott Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 DAWSON, DR. J. A., 129 Violet Avenue, Floral Park, Long Island, New York 11001 HESS, DR. WALTER, 787 Maple Street, Spartanburg, South Carolina 29302 HISAW, DR. F. L., Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge,
Massachusetts 02138
HOLLAENDER, DR. ALEXANDER, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Labora- tory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830
IRVING, DR. LAURENCE, University of Alaska, College, Alaska 99735 LOWTHER, DR. FLORENCE, Barnard College, New York, New York 10027 MACDOUGALL, DR. MARY STUART, Mt. Vernon Apartments, 423 Clairmont
Avenue, Decatur, Georgia 30030
MALONE, DR. E. F., 6610 North llth Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19126 MEANS, DR. J. H., 15 Chestnut Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02108 MEDES, DR. GRACE, 303 Abington Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111 PAGE, DR. I. H., Cleveland Clinic, Euclid at E. 93rd Street, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 PAYNE, DR. FERNANDUS, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405 PLOUGH, DR. H. H., 15 Middle Street, Rt. 1, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002 POLLISTER, DR. A. W., Department of Zoology, Columbia University, New York,
New York 10027
POND, SAMUEL E., 53 Alexander Street, Manchester, Connecticut 06040 PORTER, DR. H. C., University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19104
SCHRADER, DR. SALLY, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27706 SEVERINGHAUS, AURO E., 375 West 250th Street, New York, New York 10071 SMITH, DR. DIETRICH C., 218 Oak Street, Catonsville, Maryland 12128 STRAUS, DR. W. L., JR., Department of Anatomy, The Johns Hopkins University
Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 STUNKARD, DR. HORACE W., American Museum of Natural History, Central Park
West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024
TAYLOR, DR. WM. RANDOLPH, Department of Botany, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104
54 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
TURNER, DR. C. L., Northwestern I'niversity, Evanston, Illinois 6020i WATTE, DR. F. G., 144 Locust Street, Dover, New Hampshire 03820 WALLACE, DR. LOUISE B., 359 Lytton Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94301 WARREN, DR. HERBERT S., 2768 Egypt Road, Audubon, Pennsylvania 19407 WILLIER, DR. B. H., Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland 21218 YOUNG, DR. D. B., Alain Street, North Hanover, Massachusetts 02357
Regular Members
ABBOTT, DR. BERNARD C., Department of Biological Sciences, University of
Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90007 ADELBERG, DR. EDWARD A., Department of Microbiology, Yale University
Medical School, New Haven, Connecticut 06510 ADELMAN, DR. WM. J., JR., Department of Physiology, University of Maryland,
Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland 21201 ALLEN, DR. GARLAND E., Biology Department, Washington University, St. Louis,
Missouri 63103 ALLEN, DR. ROBERT D., Department of Biological Sciences, State University of
New York at Albany, Albany, New York 12203 ALSCHER, DR. RUTH, Department of Biology, Manhattanville College, Purchase,
New York 10577 AMATNIEK, MR. ERNEST, 34 Horner Avenue, Hasting-on-the-Hudson, New York
10706
AMBERSON, DR. WILLIAM R., Katy Hatch Road, Falmouth, Massachusetts 02540 ANDERSON, DR. EVERETT, Department of Zoology, University of Massachusetts,
Amhurst, Massachusetts 01003 ANDERSON, DR. J. M., Division of Biological Sciences, Emerson Hall, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14850
ANDERSON, DR. RUBERT S., Box 113, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 ARMSTRONG, DR. PHILIP B., Department of Anatomy, State University of New
York, College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York 13210 ARNOLD, DR. JOHN MILLER, Pacific Biomedical Research Center, 2538 The Mall,
University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 ARNOLD, DR. WILLIAM A., Division of Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830
ASHWORTH, DR. JOHN MICHAEL, Department of Biochemistry, Leicester Uni- versity, Leicester, England, U. K. ATWOOD, DR. KIMBALL C., Department of Human Genetics and Development,
Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New
York 10032 AUCLAIR, DR. WALTER, Department of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,
Troy, New York 12181 AUSTIN, DR. COLIN RUSSELL, Physiological Laboratory, Cambridge University,
Downing Street, Cambridge, England, U. K.
AUSTIN, DR. MARY L., 506^ North Indiana Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47401 BACON, MR. ROBERT, Church Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 BAKALAR, MR. DAVID, 330 Beacon Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02167
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 55
BALL, DR. ERIC G., Department of Biological Chemistry, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 BALLARD, DR. WILLIAM W., Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth
College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 BANG, DR. F. B., Department of Pathobiology, The Johns Hopkins University
School of Hygiene, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 BARD, DR. PHILLIP, Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University
Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
BARTH, DR. LESTER G., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massa- chusetts 02543 BARTH, DR. LUCENA, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
02543 BARTLETT, DR. JAMES H., Department of Physics, University of Alabama, P.O.
Box 1921, University, Alabama 35486
BAUER, DR. G. ERIC, Department of Anatomy, University of Minnesota, Minne- apolis, Minnesota 55414 BAYLOR, DR. E. R., State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long Island,
New York 11790 BAYLOR, DR. MARTHA B., State University of New York at Stony Brook, Long
Island, New York 11790 BEAMS, DR. HAROLD W., Department of Zoology, State University of Iowa, Iowa
City, Iowa 52240 BECK, DR. L. V., Department of Pharmacology, Indiana University, School of
Experimental Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana 47401 BEHRE, DR. ELINOR M., Black Mountain, North Carolina 28711 BELAMARICH, DR. FRANK A., Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston,
Massachusetts 02215 BELLE, DR. ALLEN, Department of Anatomy, University of Colorado, Medical
Center, Denver, Colorado 80220
BELL, DR. EUGENE, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 BENNETT, DR. MICHAEL V. L., Department of Anatomy, Albert Einstein College
of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461 BENNETT, DR. MIRIAM F., Department of Biology, Sweet Briar College, Sweet
Briar, Virginia 24595 BERG, DR. WILLIAM E., Department of Zoology, University of California,
Berkeley, California 94720 BERMAN, DR. MONES, National Institutes of Health, Institute for Arthritis and
Metabolic Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20014 BERNE, DR. ROBERT M., University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottes-
ville, Virginia 22903 BERNHEIMER, DR. ALAN W., New York University College of Medicine, New
York, New York 10016 BERNSTEIN, DR. MAURICE, Department of Anatomy, Wayne State University
College of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48237 BERSOHN, DR. RICHARD, Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 959
Havemeyer Hall, New York, New York 10027
56 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
BEVELANDER, DR. GERRIT, Dental Branch, Medical Center, University of Texas,
Houston, Texas 77025 DIGGERS, DR. JOHN DENNIS, The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene
and Public Health, Division of Population Dynamics, Baltimore, Maryland
21205 BISHOP, DR. DAVID W., Medical College of Ohio at Toledo, P.O. Box 6190,
Toledo, Ohio 43614
BLANCHARD, DR. K. C., The Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Balti- more, Maryland 21205
BLOCK, DR. ROBERT, Adalbertstr. 70-8, Munich, Germany (13) BLUM, DR. HAROLD F., Department of Biological Sciences, State University of
New York at Albany, Albany, New York 12203 BODANSKY, DR. OSCAR, Department of Biochemistry, Memorial Cancer Center,
444 East 68th Street, New York, New York 10021 BODIAN, DR. DAVID, Department of Anatomy, The Johns Hopkins University,
709 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 BOELL, DR. EDGAR J., Department of Biology, Kline Biology Tower, Yale
University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520 BOETTIGER, DR. EDWARD G., Department of Zoology, University of Connecticut,
Storrs, Connecticut 06268 BOLD, DR. HAROLD C., Department of Botany, University of Connecticut, Storrs,
Connecticut 06268
BOOLOOTIAN, DR. RICHARD A., Box 24787, Los Angeles, California 90024 BOREI, DR. HANS G., Department of Zoology, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 BORSELLINO, DR. ANTONIO, Institute di Fiscia, Viale Benedetto XY, 5 Genova,
Italy BOWEN, DR. VAUGHN T., Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole,
Massachusetts 02543 BRANDT, DR. PHILIP WILLIAMS, Department of Anatomy, Columbia University,
College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 BRIDGMAN, DR. ANNA J., Department of Biology, Agnes Scott, Decatur,
Georgia 30030
BRINLEY, DR. F. J., JR., Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins Uni- versity Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 BRONK, DR. DETLEV W., The Rockefeller University, 66th Street and York
Avenue, New York, New York 10021 BROOKS, DR. MATILDA M., Department of Physiology, University of California,
Berkeley, California 94720
BROWN, DR. DUGALD E. S., 38 Whitman Road, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 BROWN, DR. FRANK A., JR., Department of Biological Sciences, Northwestern
University, Evanston, Illinois 60201 BROWN, DR. JOEL E., Department of Physiology, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts BUCK, DR. JOHN B., Laboratory of Physical Biology, National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014 BULLOCK, DR. T. H., Department of Neuroscience, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92038
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 57
Bi RBANCK, UR. MADELINE PALMER, Box 15134, Emory I 'Diversity, Atlanta,
Georgia 30322 BURBANCK, DR. WILLIAM D., Box 15134 Emory I'niversity, Atlanta, Georgia
30322
BTRDICK, DR. C. LALOR, The Lalor Foundation, 4400 Lancaster Pike, Wilming- ton, Delaware 19805 BURGER, DR. MAX M., Department of Biology, Princeton I'niversity, Princeton,
New Jersey 08549 BURNETT, DR. ALLISON LEE, Department of Biology, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Illinois 60201 BTSSER, DR. JOHN H., American Institute of Biological Sciences, 3900 Wisconsin
Avenue NW, Washington, D. C. 20016 BUTLER, DR. E. G., Department of Biology, Princeton University, Princeton,
New Jersey 08540 CANTONI, DR. GIULLIO, National Institutes of Health, Department of Mental
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014 CARLSON, DR. FRANCIS D., Department of Biophysics, The Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
CARPENTER, DR. RUSSELL L., 60-H Street, Winchester, Massachusetts 01890 CARRIKER, DR. MELBOURNE R., Director, Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine
Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 CASE, DR. JAMES F., Department of Biology, University of California, Santa
Barbara, California 93106 CASSIDY, REV. JOSEPH I)., O.P., Department of Biology, University of Notre
Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 CATTELL, DR. McKEEN, Cornell University Medical College, 1300 York Avenue,
New York, New York 10021
CHAET, DR. ALFRED B., University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32505 CHAMBERS, EDWARD L., University of Miami, School of Medicine Miami, Florida
33146 CHASE, DR. AURIN M., Department of Biology, Princeton University, Princeton,
New Jersey 08540 CHAUNCEY, DR. HOWARD H., Veterans Administration Central Office, WTashing-
ton, D. C. 20420 CHENEY, DR. RALPH H., Honorary Research Associate, Brooklyn Botanic
Gardens, 1000 Washington Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11225 CHILD, DR. FRANK M., Department of Biology, Trinity College, Hartford, Con- necticut 06106
CLAFF, DR. C. LLOYD, 506 N. W7arren, Brockton, Massachusetts 02403 CLARK, DR. A. M., Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware,
Newark, Delaware 19711 CLARK, DR. ELOISE E., National Science Foundation, 1800 G. Street, Washington,
D. C. 20550 CLARK, DR. LEONARD B., 149 Sippewissett Road, Falmouth, Massachusetts
02540
CLARKE, DR. GEORGE L., Biological Laboratories, Harvard University Cam- bridge, Massachusetts 02138
58 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
CLAYTON, DR. RODERICK K., Section of Genetics, Development and Physiology,
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850
CLELAND, DR. RALPH E., Department of Botany, Indiana University, Blooming- ton, Indiana 47401 CLEMENT, DR. A. C., Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta,
Georgia 30322 CLOWES, DR. GEORGE H. A., JR., Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
02115 COHEN, DR. LAWRENCE B., Department of Physiology, Yale University, New
Haven, Connecticut 06510 COHEN, DR. SEYMOUR S., Department of Therapeutic Research, University of
Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 COLE, DR. KENNETH S., Laboratory of Biophysics, NINDS, National Institutes
Of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014 COLLIER, DR. JACK R., Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn,
New York 11210
COLTON, DR. H. S., P. O. Box 699, Flagstaff, Arizona 86001 COLWIN, DR. ARTHUR L., Department of Biology, Queens College, Flushing,
New York, 11367 COLWIN, DR. LAURA H., Department of Biology, Queens College, Flushing, New
York 11367
COOPERSTEIN, DR. SHERWIN J., School of Dental Medicine, University of Con- necticut, Hartford, Connecticut 06105 COPELAND, DR. D. EUGENE, Department of Biology, Tulane University, New
Orleans, Louisiana 70118
COPELAND, DR. MANTON, 88 Federal Street, Brunswick, Maine 04011 CORNMAN, DR. IVOR, 10A Orchard Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 COSTELLO, DR. DONALD P., Department of Zoology, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 COSTELLO DR. HELEN MILLER, Department of Zoology, University of North
Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 COUSINEAU, DR. GILLES H., Department of Biology, Montreal University, P. O.
Box 6128, Montreal, P. Q., Canada
CRANE, MR. JOHN O., Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 CRANE, DR. ROBERT K., Department of Physiology, Rutgers Medical School,
New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903 CROASDALE, DR. HANNAH T., Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
03755
CROUSE, DR. HELEN V., Institute for Molecular Biophysics, Florida State Uni- versity, Tallahassee, Florida 32306 CROWELL, DR. SEARS, Department of Zoology, Indiana University, Bloomington,
Indiana 47401 CSAPO, DR. ARPAD L, Washington University School of Medicine, 4911 Barnes
Hospital Plaza, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 DAIGNAULT, MR. ALEXANDER, T., W. R. Grace and Company, 7 Hanover Square,
New York, New York 10005 DAN, DR. JEAN CLARK, Department of Biology, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka,
Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 59
DAN, DR. KATSUMA, President, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Meguro-Ku,
Tokyo, Japan DANIELLI, DR. JAMES F., Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of
Buffalo School of Pharmacy, Buffalo, New York 14214 DAVIS, DR. BERNARD D., Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston,
Massachusetts 02115 DEHAAN, DR. ROBERT L., Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of
Washington, Baltimore, Maryland 21210 DELORENZO, DR. ANTHONY, Anatomical and Pathological Research Laboratories,
The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 DEPHILLIPS, DR. HENRY A., JR., Department of Chemistry, Trinity College,
Hartford, Connecticut 06106 DETTBARN, DR. WOLF-DEITRICH, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt
University, School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37217
DEVILLAFRANCA, DR. GEORGE W., Department of Zoology, Smith College, North- ampton, Massachu setts 01060 DIEHL, DR. FRED ALISON, Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Char-
lottesville, Virginia 22903
DILLER, DR. IRENE C., 2417 Fairhill Avenue, Glenside, Pennsylvania 19038 DILLER, DR. WILLIAM F., 2417 Fairhill Avenue, Glenside, Pennsylvania 19038 DODDS, DR. G. S., 829 Price Street, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505 DOOLITTLE, DR. R. F., Department of Biology, University of California, La Jolla,
California 92037 DOWLING, DR. JOHN E., Department of Ophthalmology and Biophysics, Wilmer
Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 DRESDEN, DR. MARC H., Department of Biochemistry, Baylor College of Medi- cine, Houston, Texas 77025 DUNHAM, DR. PHILIP B., Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse,
New York 13210 DURYEE, DR. WILLIAM R., Department of Pathology, George Washington
University, 2300 K Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. 20037 EBERT, DR. JAMES DAVID, Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of
Washington, Baltimore, Maryland 21210 ECCLES, DR. JOHN C., Department of Biophysics and Physiology, State University
of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214 ECKERT, DR. ROGER O., Department of Zoology, University of California,
Los Angeles, California 90024
EDDS, DR. MAC V., JR., Department of Medical Science Box G, Brown Uni- versity, Providence, Rhode Island 02912 EDER, DR. HOWARD A., Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
10461 EDWARDS, DR. CHARLES, Department of Biological Sciences, State University
of New York at Albany, Albany, New York 12203 EGYUD, DR. LASZLO G., The Institute for Muscle Research, Marine Biological
Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 EHRENSTEIN, DR. GERALD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
20014
60 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
EICHEL, DR. HERBERT J., Department of Biochemistry, Hahnemann Medical
College, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19102 EISEN, DR. ARTHUR Z., Division of Dermatology, Washington University, School
of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 EISEN, DR. HERMAN, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis,
Missouri 63130 ELDER, DR. HUGH YOUNG, Institute of Physiology, University of Glasgow
Glasgow, Scotland, U. K. ELLIOTT, DR. ALFRED M., Department of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, Michigan 48104 ELLIOTT, DR. GERALD F., Walton Hall, Bletchley, Bucks, The Open University,
London, England, U. K.
ERULKAR, DR. SOLOMON D., Department of Pharmacology, University of Penn- sylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 ESSNER, DR. EDWARD S., Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 410 E.
68th Street, New York, New York 10021 EVANS, DR. TITUS C., State University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City,
Iowa 52240 FAILLA, DR. P. M., Radiological Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory,
Argonne, Illinois 60439
FARMANFARMAIAN, DR. ALLAHVERDI, Department of Physiology and Biochem- istry, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903 FAURE-FREMIET, DR. EMMANUEL, College de France, Place M., Berthelot, Paris,
France FAUST, DR. ROBERT GILBERT, Department of Physiology, University of North
Carolina Medical School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 FAWCETT, DR. D. W., Department of Anatomy, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts 02115 FERGUSON, DR. E. P., National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014 FERGUSON, DR. JAMES K. W., Connought Laboratories, University of Toronto,
Toronto 5, Ontario, Canada FIGGE, DR. F. H. J., University of Maryland Medical School, Lombard and Green
Streets, Baltimore, Maryland 21201 FINGERMAN, DR. MILTON, Department of Biology, Tulane University, New
Orleans, Louisana 70118 FISCHER, DR. ERNST, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,
Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208 FISHER, DR. FRANK M., JR., Department of Biology, Rice University, Houston,
Texas 77001 FISHER, DR. JEANNE M., Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto,
Toronto 5, Ontario, Canada
FISHMAN, DR. Louis, 143 North Grove Street, Valley Stream, New York 11580 FRAENKEL, DR. GOTTFRIED S., Department of Entomology, University of Illinois,
Urbana, Illinois 61801 FREEMAN, DR. ALAN RICHARD, Department of Physiology, Rutgers Medical
School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 61
KREYGANG, DR. WALTER H., JR., 6247 29th Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. 20015
FRIES, DR. ERIK F. B., P. O. Box 605, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
FULTON, DR. CHANDLER M., Department of Biology, Brandeis University W^altham, Massachusetts 02154
FUORTES, DR. MICHAEL G. F., National Institute for Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014
FURSHPAN, DR. EDWIN J., Department of Neurophysiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
FORTH, DR. JACOB, 99 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, New York 10032
FYE, DR. PAUL M., Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods, Hole, Massa- chusetts 02543
GABRIEL, DR. MORDECAI L., Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210
GAFFRON, DR. HANS, Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Conradi Building, Florida State University, Tallahasee, Florida 32306
GALL, DR. JOSEPH G., Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
GALTSOFF, DR. PAUL S., Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, Woods Hole, Massa- chusetts 02543
GELFANT, DR. SEYMOUR, Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13210
GELPERIN, DR. ALAN, Department of Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540
GERMAN, DR. JAMES L., Ill, The New York Blood Center, 310 East 67th Street, New York, New York 10021
GIBBS, DR. MARTIN, Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02154
GILBERT, DR. DANIEL L., Laboratory of Biophysics, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Building 36, Room 2A-31, Bethesda, Maryland 20014
GILMAN, DR. LAUREN C., Department of Zoology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146
GINSBERG, DR. HAROLD S., Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsyl- vania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
GIUDICE, DR. GIOVANNI, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 22, Palermo, Italy
GOLDEN, MR. WILLIAM T., 40 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005
GOLDSMITH, DR. TIMOTHY H., Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
GOODCHILD, DR. CHAUNCEV G., Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
GORMAN, DR. ANTHONY L. F., Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, SMH, IRP, NIMH, St. Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, D. C. 20032
GOTTSCHALL, DR. GERTRUDE Y., 315 East 68th Street, Apartment 9M, New York, New York 10021
GRAHAM, DR. HERBERT, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, Woods Hole, Massa- chusetts 02543
GRANT, DR. DAVID C., Box 2316, Davidson, North Carolina 28036
62 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
GRANT, DR. PHILIP, Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403
GRASS, MR. ALBERT, The Grass Foundation, 77 Reservoir Road, Quincy, Massa- chusetts 02170
GRASS, MRS. ELLEN R., The Grass Foundation, 77 Reservoir Road, Quincy, Massachusetts 02170
GRAY, DR. IRVING E., Department of Zoology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27706
GREEN, DR. JAMES W., Department of Physiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903
GREEN, DR. JONATHAN P., Department of Biology, Brown University, Provi- dence, Rhode Island 02912
GREEN, DR. MAURICE, Department of Microbiology, St. Louis University Medi- cal School, St. Louis, Missouri 63103
GREENBERG, DR. MICHAEL J., Department of Biological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306
GREGG, DR. JAMES H., Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32601
GREGG, DR. JOHN R., Department of Zoology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27706
GREIF, DR. ROGER L., Department of Physiology, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York 10021
GRIFFIN DR. DONALD R., The Rockefeller University, 66 Street and York Avenue New York, New York 10021
GROSCH, DR. DANIEL S., Department of Genetics, Garden Hall, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607
GROSS, DR. JEROME, Developmental Biology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
GROSS, DR. PAUL R., Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
GROSSMAN, DR. ALBERT, New York University Medical School, New York, New York 10016
GRUNDFEST, DR. HARRY, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
GUTTMAN, DR. RITA, Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn New York 11210
GWILLIAM, DR. G. F., Department of Bjology, Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202
HAJDU, DR. STEPHEN, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014
HALVORSON, DR. HARLYN O., Department of Bacteriology, University of Wis- consin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
HAMBURGER, DR. VIKTOR, Department of Zoology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
HAMILTON, DR. HOWARD L., Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903
HARDING, DR. CLIFFORD V., JR., Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48063
HARRINGTON, DR. GLENN W., 11005 Jones Drive, Apt. 2, Parkville, Missouri 64152
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 63
HARTLINE, DR. II. KEFFKR, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
10021 HARTMAN, DR. FRANK A., Ohio State University, Hamilton Hall, Columbus,
Ohio 43210 HARTMAN, DR. H. BERNARD, Department of Zoology, University of Iowa, Iowa
City, Iowa 52240 HARTMAN, DR. KATHERINE A., Department of Physiology, Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio 43210 HARTMAN, DR. P. E., Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland 21218 HASCHEMEYER, DR. AUDREY E. V., Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter
College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10021 HASTINGS, DR. J. WOODLAND, Biological Laboratories, Harvard University,
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 HAUSCHKA, DR. T. S., Roswell Park Memorial Institute, 666 Elm Street, Buffalo,
New York 14203 HAXO, DR. FRANCIS T., Department of Marine Botany, Scripps Institution of
Oceanography, University of California, La Jolla, California 92038 HAYASHI, DR. TERU, Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology,
Chicago, Illinois 60616
HAYWOOD, DR. CHARLOTTE, Box 14, South Hadley, Massachusetts 01075 HEGYELI, DR. ANDREW F., 8018 Aberdeen Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20014 HENDLEY, DR. CHARLES D., 615 South Avenue, Highland Park, New Jersey 08904 HENLEY, DR. CATHERINE, Department of Zoology, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 HERNDON, DR. WALTER R., Office of the Dean, College of Liberal Arts, 110
Administration Building, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916 HERVEY, MR. JOHN P., Box 735, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 HESSLER, DR. ANITA Y., 5795 Waverly Avenue, La Jolla, California 92037 HAITT, DR. HOWARD H., Beth Israel Hospital, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston,
Massachusetts 02215
HIBBARD, DR. HOPE, 366 Reamer Place, Oberlin, Ohio 44074 HILL, DR. ROBERT BENJAMIN, Department of Zoology, LIniversity of Rhode
Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881
HINEGARDNER, DR. RALPH T., Division of Natural Sciences, University of Cali- fornia, Santa Cruz, California 95060 HINSCH, DR. GERTRUDE W., Institute of Molecular Evolution, 521 Anastasia,
University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33134 HIRSHFIELD, DR. HENRY L., Department of Biology, Washington Square Center,
New York University, New York, New York 10003 HOADLEY, DR. LEIGH, Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge,
Massachusetts 02138
HODGE, DR. CHARLES, IV, Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadel- phia, Pennsylvania 19122 HOFFMAN, DR. JOSEPH, Department of Physiology, Yale University School of
Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06515 HOLTZMAN, DR. ERIC, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia L^niversity,
New York, New York 10032
64 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
UOLZ, DR. GEORGE G., JR., Department of Microbiology, State University of
Xe\v York, Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, New York 13210 HOSKIN, DR. FRANCIS C. G., Biology Department, Illinois Institute of Tech- nology, Chicago, Illinois 60616 HOSTETLER, DR. KARL Y., Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
HOUSTON, MR. HOWARD, Preston Avenue, Meriden, Connecticut 06450 HUMPHREYS, DR. TOM DANIEL, Department of Biology, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037 HUNTER, DR. FRANCIS R., % Bruce Hunter, Department of Zoology, University
of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881 HURWITZ, DR. CHARLES, Basic Science Research Laboratory, YA Hospital,
Albany, New York 12208 HURWITZ, DR. JERARD, Department of Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College
of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461 HUTCHENS, DR. JOHN E., Department of Physiology, University of Chicago,
Chicago, Illinois 60637 HUXLEY, DR. HUGH E., Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular
Biology, Cambridge, England, U. K. HYDE, DR. BEAL B., Department of Botany, University of Vermont, Burlington,
Vermont 05401
HYDE, MR. ROBINSON, Montgomery Road, RR 2, Skillman, New Jersey 08558 ILAN, DR. JOSEPH, Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania 19122 INOUE, DR. SHINYA, 217 Leidy Building, Department of Biology, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 ISENBERG, DR. IRVIN, Science Research Institute, Oregon State University,
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
ISSELBACHER, DR. KURT J., Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massa- chusetts 02114 JAFFE, LIONEL, Department of Biology, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana
46207 JANOFF, DR. AARON, Department of Pathology, New York University School of
Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016 JENNER, DR. CHARLES E., Department of Zoology, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514
JOHNSON, DR. FRANK H., Department of Biology, Princeton University, Prince- ton, New Jersey 08540 JONES, DR. E. RUFFIN, JR., Department of Biological Sciences, University of
Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32601 JONES, DR. MEREDITH L., Division of Worms, Museum of Natural History,
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 20650 JONES, DR. RAYMOND F., Department of Biology, State University of New York
at Stony Brook, Long Island, New York 11753 JOSEPHSON, DR. R. K., Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, Ohio 44106 KAAN, DR. HELEN W., Box 665, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 65
KABAT, DR. E. A., Neurological Institute, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
KALEY, DR. GABOR, New York Medical College, Flower and Fifth Avenue Hos- pital, 5th Avenue at 106th Street, New York, New York 10029
KAMINER, DR. BENJAMIN, Department of Physiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
KANE, DR. ROBERT F., Pacific Biomedical Research Center, 2538 The Mall, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
KARAKASHIAN, DR. STEPHEN J., Department of Biology, State University of New York, College at Old Westbury, Oyster Bay, New York 11771
KARUSH, DR. FRED, Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
KATZ, DR. GEORGE M., Department of Neurology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032
KAUFMAN, DR. B. P., Department of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104
KELLY, ROBERT E., Department of Anatomy and Psychology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
KEMP, DR. NORMAN E., Department of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104
KEMPTON, DR. RUDOLF T., RR 1, Box 351, St. Augustine, Florida 32084
KEOSIAN, DR. JOHN, Department of Biology, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
KETCHUM, DR. BOSTWICK H., Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, W7oods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
KEYNAN, DR. ALEXANDER, Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
KILLE, DR. FRANK R., State Department of Education, Albany, New York 12201
KIND, DR. C. ALBERT, Department of Zoology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06268
KINDRED, DR. JAMES E., 2010 Hessian Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903
KING, DR. THOMAS J., Georgetown University, Department of Biology, Washing- ton, D. C. 20007
KINGSBURY, DR. JOHN M., Department of Botany, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850
KINNE, DR. OTTO, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, 2 Hamburg-Altona, Palmaille 9, Germany
KLEIN, DR. MORTON, Department of Microbiology, Temple University, Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania 19122
KLEINHOLZ, DR. LEWIS H., Department of Biology, Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202
KLOTZ, DR. I. M., Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evans- ton, Illinois 60201
KOHLER, KURT, Department of Biochimie Macromoleculaire, C.N.R.S., Uni- versite de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
KOLIN, DR. ALEXANDER, Department of Biophysics, California Medical School, Los Angeles, California 90024
66 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
KONIGSBERG, DR. IRWIN R., Department of Biology, Gilmer Hall, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903
KoRNBERG, DR. HANS LEO, Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, England
KORR, DR. I. M., Department of Physiology, Kirksville College of Osteopathy, Kirksville, Missouri 63501
KRAHL, DR. M. E., Department of Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
KRANE, DR. STEPHEN M., Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massa- chusetts 02114
KRASSNER, DR. STUART MITCHELL, Department of Organismic Biology, Uni- Versity of California, Irvine, California 92650
KRAUSS, DR. ROBERT, Department of Botany, University of Maryland, Balti- more, Maryland 21201
KREIG, DR. WENDELL J. S., 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611
KRIEBEL, DR. MARLON E., Department of Physiology, State University of Ne\v York, Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, New York 13210
KUFFLER, DR. STEPHEN W., Department of Neurophysiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
KUNITZ, DR. MOSES, The Rockefeller University, 66th Street and York Avenue, New York, New York 10021
KUSANO, DR. KIYOSHI, Biology Department, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3300 Federal Street, Chicago, Illinois 61606
LAMY, DR. FRANCOIS, Department of Biochemistry, University of Sherbrooke, School of Medicine, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
LAMARCHE, DR. PAUL H., Director, Genetics Laboratory and Child Develop- ment Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Pawtucket, Rhode Island 02860
LANCEFIELD, DR. D. E., 203 Arleigh Road, Douglaston, Long Island, New York 11363
LANCEFIELD, DR. REBECCA C., The Rockefeller University, 66th Street and York Avenue, New York, New York 10021
LANDIS, DR. E. M., Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massa- chusetts 02115
LANSING, DR. ALBERT, I., Department of Anatomy, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
LASH, DR. JAMES W., Department of Anatomy, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
LASTER, DR. LEONARD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014
LAUFER, DR. HANS, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06268
LAUFER, DR. MAX A., Department of Biophysics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
LAVIN, DR. GEORGE I., 6200 Norvo Road, Baltimore, Maryland 21207
LAWLER, DR. H. CLAIRE, 336 West 246th Street, Riverdale, New York 10471
LAZAROW, DR. ARNOLD, Department of Anatomy, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
LEDERBERG, DR. JOSHUA, Department of Genetics, Stanford Medical School, Palo Alto, California 94304
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 67
LEE, DK. RICHARD E., Cornell University College of Medicine, Xew York, Xew
York 10021 LEFEVRE, DR. PAUL G., Department of Physiology, State University of \e\v
York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11790
LENHER, DR. SAMUEL, 1900 Woodlawn Avenue, Wilmington, Delaware 19806 LERMAN, DR. SIDNEY, Mclntyre Medical Science Center, McGill University,
Room 12H, Montreal, Canada
LERNER, DR. ARRON B., Yale Medical School, Xew Haven, Connecticut 06515 LEVIN, DR. JACK, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital,
Baltimore, Maryland 21205 LEVINE, DR. RACHMIEL, Department of Medicine, New York University Medical
College, 5th Avenue at 106th Street, New York, New York 10029 LEVINTHAL, DR. CYRUS, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University,
908 Schermerhorn Hill, New York, New York 10027 LEVY, DR. MILTON, Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of
Dentistry, New York, New York 10010 LEWIN, DR. RALPH A., Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California
92037 LEWIS, DR. HERMAN W., Genetic Biology Program, National Science Foundation,
Washington, D. C. 20025
LING, DR. GILBERT, 307 Berkeley Road, Merion, Pennsylvania 19066 LINSKENS, DR. H. P., Department of Botany, University of Driehuizerweg 200,
Nijmegen, The Neterlands
LITTLE, DR. E. P., 216 Highland Street, West Newton, Massachusetts 02158 LIUZZI, DR. ANTHONY, Assistant Professor of Public Health, Yale University
School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
LLOYD, DR. DAVID P. C., The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021 LOCHHEAD, DR. JOHN H., Department of Zoology, Life Sciences Building, Uni- versity of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05401 LOEB, DR. R. F., 950 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10028 LOEWENSTEIN, DR. WERNER R., Department of Physiology, Columbia Univer- sity, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 LOEWUS, DR. FRANK A., Department of Biology, State University of New York
at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214 LOFTFIELD, DR. ROBERT B., Department of Biochemistry, University of New
Mexico Medical School, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106 LONDON, DR. IRVING M., Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of
Medicine, New York, New York 10461 LORAND, DR. LASZLO, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Illinois 60201 LOVE, DR. WARNER E., Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland 21218 LUBIN, DR. MARTIN, Department of Microbiology, Dartmouth Medical School,
Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 LURIA, DR. SALVADOR E., Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 LYNCH, DR. CLARA J., The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021
68 AXXUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
LYNN, DR. W. GARDNER, Department of Biology, Catholic University of America,
Washington, D. C. 20017 AlAcNiCHOL, EDWARD F., JR., National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 31 Room
SA-52, Bethesda, Maryland 20014 MAGRUDER, DR. SAMUEL R., Department of Anatomy, Tufts University School
of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 MAHLER, DR. HENRY R., Department of Biochemistry, Indiana University,
Bloomington, Indiana 47401 MALKIEL, DR. SAUL, Children's Cancer Research Foundation, Inc., 35 Binney
Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 MANGUM, CHARLOTTE P., Department of Biology, College of William and Mary,
Williamsburg, Virginia 23185 MANWELL, DR. REGINALD D., Department of Biology, Syracuse University,
Syracuse, New York 13210 MARKS, DR. PAUL A., Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons,
New York, New York 10032 MARSH, DR. JULIAN B. Department of Biochemistry, University of Pennsylvania
School of Dental Medicine, 4001 Spruce St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 MARSHAK, DR. ALFRED, Tulane University Medical School, New Orleans,
Louisiana 70112
MARSLAND, DR. DOUGLAS A., Church Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 MARTIN, DR. EARL A., 682 Rudder Road, Naples, Florida 33940 MAUTNER, DR. HENRY G., Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, School
of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510 MAZIA, DR. DANIEL, Department of Zoology, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720 McCANN, DR. FRANCES, Department of Physiology, Dartmouth Medical School,
Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 McDANiEL, DR. JAMES SCOTT, Department of Biology, East Carolina College,
Greenville, North Carolina 28734 MCDONALD, SISTER ELIZABETH SETON, Department of Biology, College of Mt.
St. Joseph on the Ohio, Mt. St. Joseph, Ohio 45051
MCELROY, DR. WILLIAM D., Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, Baltimore, Maryland 21218 MEINKOTH, DR. NORMAN, Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarth-
more Pennsylvania 19081 MELLON, DR. DEFOREST, JR., Department of Biology, University of Virginia,
Charolottesville, Virginia 22903 MENDELSON, DR. MARTIN, Department of Physiology, New York University
Medical School, New York, New York 10016 METZ, DR. C. B., Institute of Molecular Evolution, University of Miami, Coral
Gables, Florida 33146
METZ, DR. CHARLES W., Box 174, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 AliDDLEBROOK, DR. ROBERT, Downsway, School Lane, Kirk Ella, Hull, England,
U. K. HW107NR MILKMAN, DR. ROGER D., Department of Zoology, University of Iowa, Iowa
City, Iowa 52240
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 69
MILLER, DR. FAITH STONE, Department of Anatomy, Tulane University, New
Orleans, Louisiana 70112 MILLER, DR. J. A., JR., Department of Anatomy, Tulane, University, New
Orleans, Lousiana 70112 MILLOTT, DR. NORMAN, Department of Zoology, Bedford College, University of
London, Regents Park, London N.W.I, England MILLS, DR. ERIC LEONARD, Institute of Oceanography, Dalhousie University,
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada MILNE, DR. LORUS J., Department of Zoology, University of New Hampshire,
Durham, New Hampshire 03824 MONROY, DR. ALBERTO, CNR Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, 80072
Arco Felice, Napoli, Italy MOORE, DR. JOHN A., Department of Life Sciences, University of California,
Riverside, California 92502 MOORE, DR. JOHN W., Department of Physiology, Duke University Medical
Center, Durham, North Carolina 27706
MOORE, DR. R. O., Department of Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Colum- bus, Ohio 43210 MORAN, DR. JOSEPH F., JR., Department of Biology, Sacred Heart University,
Bridgeport, Connecticut 06604 MORLOCK, DR. NOEL, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, College
of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 W. 168th St., New York, New York 10032 MORRILL, DR. JOHN B., JR., Division of Natural Sciences, New College, Sarasota,
Florida 33478
MORSE, DR. RICHARD STETSON, 193 Winding River Road, Wellesley, Massa- chusetts 02184 MOSCONA, DR. A. A., Department of Zoology, University of Chicago, Chicago,
Illinois 60637 MOUL, DR. E. T., Department of Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick,
New Jersey 08903
MOUNTAIN, DR. ISABEL M., Charles Road, Mt. Kisco, New York 10549 MULLINS, DR. LORIN J., Department of Biophysics, University of Maryland
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
MUSACCOIA, DR. XAVIER J., Department of Physiology, Medical Center, Uni- versity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65201 NABRIT, DR. S. M., Texas Southern University, 3201 Wheeler Avenue, Houston,
Texas 77004 NACE, DR. PAUL FOLEY, Department of Biology, University of West Florida,
Pensacola, Florida 32504 NACHMANSOHN, DR. DAVID, Department of Neurology, Columbia University,
College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 NARAHASHI, DR. TOSHIO, Department of Physiology, Duke University Medical
Center, Durham, North Carolina 27706 NASATIR, DR. MAIMON, Department of Biology, University of Toledo, Toledo,
Ohio 43606 NASON, DR. ALVIN, McCollum-Pratt Institute, The Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland 21218
70 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
XKLSON, DR. LEONARD, Department of Physiology, Medical College of Ohio at
Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43614 XEURATH, DR. H., Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington,
Seattle, Washington 98105 XICHOLLS, DR. JOHN GRAHAM, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical
School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 XICOLL, DR. PAUL A., R.R. 12, Box 286, Bloomington, Indiana 47401 Xir, DR. MAN-CHIANG, Department of Biology, Temple University, Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania 19122 XOVIKOFF, DR. ALEX B., Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of
Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461 XYSTROM, DR. RICHARD A., Department of Biological Sciences, University of
Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711 OCHOA, DR. SEVERO, Xew York University College of Medicine, XTew York, Xew
York 10016 ODUM, DR. EUGENE, Department of Zoology, University of Georgia, Athens,
Georgia 30601
OLSON, DR. JOHN M., Brookhaven Xational Laboratory, Upton, Xew York 11973 OPPENHEIMER, DR. JANE M., Department of Biology, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn
Mawr, Pennsylvania 19010
OSTERHOUT, DR. MARION IRWIN, 160 E. 65th Street, Xew York, Xew York 10021 PACKARD, DR. CHARLES, 13 Xorth Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 PALMER, DR. JOHN D., Department of Biology, Xew York University, University
Heights, Xew York, New York 10053 PALTI, DR. YORAM, Hebrew University School of Medicine, Department of
Physiology, Box 1172, Jerusalem, Israel PAPPAS, DR. GEORGE D., Department of Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of
Medicine, Bronx, Xew York 10461 PARNAS, DR. ITZCHAK, Department of Zoology, Hebrew University, Jerusalem,
Israel PASSANO, DR. LEONARD M., Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin,
Madison, Wisconsin 53706 PATTEN, DR. BRADLEY M., University of Michigan, 2500 East Medical Building,
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 PERSON, DR. PHILIP, Special Dental Research Program, Veterans Administration
Hospital, Brooklyn, Xew York 11219 PETTIBONE, DR. MARIAN H., Division of Marine Invertebrates, U. S. Xational
Museum, Washington, D. C. 20025 PHILPOTT, DR. DELBERT E., MASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field,
California 94035 PICK, DR. JOSEPH, Department of Anatomy, Xew York University, Bellevue
Medical Center, Xew York, Xew York 10016 PIERCE, DR. MADELENE E., Department of Zoology, Vassar College, Pough-
keepsie, New York 12601
POND, DR. SAMUEL E., 53 Alexander Street, Manchester, Connecticut 06040 PORTER, DR. KEITH R., Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge,
Massachusetts 02138
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 71
POTTER, DR. DAVID, Department of Xeurophysiology, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts 02115 POTTS, DK. WILLIAM T. W., Department of Biology, University of Lancaster,
Lancaster, England, U. K. PKENDERGAST, DR. ROBERT A., Department of Pathology and Opthalmology,
Johns Hopkins I niversity Scliool of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 PRICE, DR. CARL A., Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers
I 'niversity, Xe\v Brunswick, New Jersey 08803 PROCTOR, DR. NATHANIEL, Department of Biology, Morgan State College,
Baltimore, Maryland 21212 PROSSER, DR. C. LADD, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Burrill Hall,
University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61803 PROVASOLI, DR. LUIGI, Haskins Laboratories, 165 Prospect Street, New Haven,
Connecticut 06520
PRYTX, DR. MARGARET R., 21 McCouns Lane, Oyster Bay, New York 11771 RABIN, DR. HARVEY, Institute for Comparative Biology, Zoological Society of
San Diego, Box 551, San Diego, California 92112 RAMSEY, DR. ROBERT W., Department of Physiology, Medical College of Virginia,
Richmond, Virginia 23150 RANKIN, DR. JOHN S., Department of Zoology, University of Connecticut, Storrs,
Connecticut 06268 RANZI, DR. SILVIO, Department of Zoology, University of Milan, Via Celonia 10,
Milan, Italy RAPPORT, DR. M., Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, College
of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 RATNER, DR. SARAH, Department of Biochemistry, The Public Health Research
Institute of the City of New York, Inc., 455 Pirst Avenue, New York, New
York 10016 RAY, DR. CHARLES, JR., Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta,
Georgia 30322 READ, DR. CLARK P., Department of Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas
77001 REBHUN, DR. LIONEL 1., Department of Biology, (iilmer Hall, University of
Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
RECKNAGEL, DR. R. O., Department of Physiology, Case Western Reserve Uni- versity, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
REDFIELD, DR. ALFRED C., Maury Lane, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 REINER, DR. JOHN M., Department of Biochemistry, Albany Medical College
of Union University, Albany, New York 12208
RENN, DR. CHARLES E., 509 Ames Hall, The Johns Hopkins University, Balti- more, Maryland 21218 REUBEN, DR. JOHN P., Department of Neurology, Columbia University, College
of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 REYNOLDS, DR. GEORGE THOMAS, Palmer Laboratory, Princeton University,
Princeton, New Jersey 08540
REZNIKOFF, DR. PAUL, 151 SPARKS Ave., Pelham, New York 10803 RICE, DR. ROBERT VERNON, Mellon Institute, Carnegie-Mellon University, 4400
fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
RICH, DR. ALEXANDER, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
RICHARDS, DR. A., 2950 East Marble Street, Tucson, Arizona 85716 RICHARDS, DR. A. GLENN, Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota,
St. Paul, Minnesota 55101 RICHARDS, DR. OSCAR W., Pacific University, College of Optometry, Forrest
Grove, Oregon 97116 RIPPS, DR. HARRIS, Department of Opthalmology, New York University, School
of Medicine, 550 1st Avenue, New York, New York 10016 ROBERTS, DR. JOHN L., Department of Zoology, University of Massachusetts,
Amherst, Massachusetts 01002 ROCKSTEIN, DR. MORRIS, Department of Physiology, University of Miami School
of Medicine, P.O. Box 875 Biscayne Annex, Miami, Florida 33152 ROMER, DR. ALFRED S., Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University,
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 RONKIN, DR. RAPHAEL R., National Science Foundation, O.I.S.A., Washington,
D. C. 20550
ROOT, DR. W. S., 20 Brooks Road, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 ROSE, DR. S. MERYL, Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Tulane University,
F. Edward Hebert Center, Belle Chasse, Louisiana 70037 ROSENBERG, DR. EVELYN K., Jersey City State College, Jersey City, New Jersey
07305 ROSENBERG, DR. PHILIP, Division of Pharmacology, University of Connecticut,
School of Pharmacy, Storrs, Connecticut 06268
ROSEN BLUTH, Miss RAJA, Kinsmen Laboratory for Neurological Research, Uni- versity of British Columbia, Vancouver 8, British Columbia, Canada ROSENKRANZ, DR. HERBERT S., Department of Microbiology, Columbia Uni- versity, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 ROSENTHAL, DR. THEODORE B., Department of Anatomy, University of Pitts- burgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 ROSLANSKY, DR. JOHN, 26 Albatross, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 ROTH, DR. JAY S., Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Biochemistry and
Biophysics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06268 ROTHENBERG, DR. M. A., Dorset Test Center, Ft. Douglas, Salt Lake City,
Utah 84113 ROWLAND, DR. LEWIS P., Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University
of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 RUGH, DR. ROBERTS, Radiological Research Laboratory, Columbia University,
College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 RUNNSTROM, DR. JOHN, Wenner-Grens Institute, Stockholm, Sweden RUSHFORTH, DR. NORMAN B., Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106 RUSSELL-HUNTER, DR. W. D., Department of Biology, Lyman Hall, Syracuse
University, Syracuse, New York 13210 RUSTAD, DR. RONALD C., Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 73
RUTMAN, DR. ROBERT J., University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary
Medicine, Department of Animal Biology, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania 19104 RYTHER, DR. JOHN H., Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole,
Massachusetts 02543 SAGER, DR. RUTH, Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, 695 Park
Avenue, New York, New York 10021 SANBORN, DR. RICHARD C., Dean, Purdue University Regional Campus, 1125
East 38th Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46205 SANDERS, DR. HOWARD L., Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole,
Massachusetts 02543 SATO, DR. HIDEMI, 217 Leidy Building, Department of Biology, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 SAUNDERS, DR. JOHN W., JR., Department of Biological Sciences, State University
of New York at Albany, Albany, New York 12203 SAZ DR. ARTHUR KENNETH, Department of Microbiology, Georgetown University
Medical and Dental Schools, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, D. C. 20007 SCHACHMAN, DR. HOWARD K., Department of Biochemistry, University of
California, Berkeley, California 94720 SCHARRER, DR. BERTA V., Department of Anatomy, Albert Einstein College of
Medicine, New York, New York 10461 SCHLESINGER, DR. R. WALTER, Department of Microbiology, Rutgers Medical
School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903
SCHMEER, SISTER ARLINE CATHERINE, O.P., Institutum Divi Life Sciences Labora- tory, Ohio Dominican College, Columbus, Ohio 43219 SCHMIDT, DR. L. H., Southern Research Institute, 2000 Ninth Avenue South,
Birmingham, Alabama 35205 SCHMITT, DR. FRANCIS O., Neurosciences Research Program, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 280 Newton Street, Brookline, Massachusetts 02146 SCHMITT, DR. O. H., University of Minnesota, 200 T.N.C.E. Minneapolis,
Minnesota 55455 SCHNEIDERMAN, DR. HOWARD A., Department of Organismic Biology, School of
Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 92664 SCHOLANDER, DR. P. F., Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California
92037 SCHOPF, DR. THOMAS J. M., Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University
of Chicago, 5734 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 SCHOTTE, DR. OSCAR E., Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst,
Massachusetts 01002 SCHRAMM, DR. J. R., Department of Botany, Indiana University, Bloomington,
Indiana 47401 SCHUEL, DR. HERBERT, Anatomy Department, Mount Sinai, School of Medicine,
New York, New York 10029 SCHUETZ, DR. ALLEN WALTER, The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene
and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 SCHWARTZ, DR. TOBIAS L., Biological Sciences Group, University of Connecticut
Storrs, Connecticut 06268 SCOTT, DR. ALLAN C., Colby College, Waterville, Maine 02901
74 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
SCOTT, DR. GEORGE, T., Department of Biology, Oberlin College, Oherlin, Ohio
44074
SKARS, DR. MARY, Box 152, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 SELIGER, DR. HOWARD H., McCollum-Pratt Institute, The Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218 SENFT, DR. ALFRED W., Department of Medical Sciences, Brown University,
Providence, Rhode Island, 02912 SENFT, DR. JOSEPH P., Department of Physiology, Rutgers University, New
Brunswick, New Jersey 08903 SHANKLIN, DR. DOUGLAS R., Pathologist-in-chief, University of Chicago, Chicago,
Lying-in Hospital, Chicago, Illinois 60637 SHAPIRO, DR. HERBERT, 6025 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19141 SHAVER, DR. JOHN R., Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, East
Lansing, Michigan 48823 SHEDLOVSKY, DR. THEODORE., The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
10021
SHEMIN, DR. DAVID, Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, North- western University, Evanston Illinois 60201 SHEPROW, DR. DAVID, Department of Biology, Boston University, 2 Cummington
Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 SHERMAN, DR. I. W., Division of Life Sciences, University of California, Riverside,
California 92507 SICHEL, MRS. F. J. M., Department of Biology, Trinity College, Burlington,
Vermont 05401 SIEGELMAN, DR. HAROLD W., Department of Biology, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973 SILVER, DR. PAUL, Department of Botany, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720 SIMMONS, DR. JOHN E., JR., Department of Biology, University of California,
Berkeley, California 94720 SJODIN, DR. RAYMOND A., Department of Biophysics, University of Maryland
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
SLIFER, DR. ELEANOR H., 308 Lismore Avenue, Glenside, Pennsylvania 19038 SLOBODKIN, DR. LAWRENCE BASIL, Department of Biology, State University of
New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11790 SMELSER, DR. GEORGE K., Department of Anatomy, Columbia University, New
York, New York 10032
SMITH, MR. HOMER P., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massa- chusetts 02543
SMITH, MR. PAUL FERRIS, Clark Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 SMITH, DR. RALPH I., Department of Zoology, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720 SONNENBLICK, DR. B. P., Rutgers University, 195 University Avenue, Newark,
New Jersey 07102
SONNEBORN, DR. T. M., Department of Zoology, Indiana University, Blooming- ton, Indiana 47401
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 75
SPEC TOR, DR. A., Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, College
of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 SPEIDEL, DR. CARL C., 1873 Field Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903 SPIEGEL, DR. MELVIN, Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College,
Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 SPINDEL, DR. WILLIAM, Belfer Graduate School of Science, Yeshiva University,
Amsterdam Avenue and 186th Street, Bronx, New York 10461 SPIRTES, DR. MORRIS ALBERT, Veterans Administration Hospital, Leech Farm
Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206 SPRATT, DR. NELSON T., Department of Zoology, University of Minnesota,
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414
STARR, DR. RICHARD C., Department of Botany, Indiana University, Blooming- ton, Indiana 47401 STEINBACH, DR. H. BURR, Dean of Graduate Studies, Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 STEINBERG, DR. MALCOLM S., Department of Biology, Princeton University,
Princeton, New Jersey 08540
STEINHARDT, DR. JACINTO, Georgetown University, Washington, D. C. 20007 STEPHENS, DR. GROVER C., Division of Biological Sciences, University of Cali- fornia, Irvine, Cxlifornia 92650 STEPHENS, DR. RAYMOND E., Department of Biology, Brandeis University,
Waltham, Massachusetts 02154 STETTEN, DR. DEWITT, Rutgers University Medical School, New Brunswick,
New Jersey 08903 STETTEN, DR. MAJORIE R., Rutgers University Medical School, New Brunswick,
New Jersey 08803 STRACHER, ALFRED, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York
at Brooklyn, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11203 STREHLER, DR. BERNARD L., 5184 Willow Wood Road, Rolling Hills Estate,
California 90274
STRITTMATTER, DR. PHILIPP, Department of Biochemistry, University of Con- necticut, School of Medicine, Health Center, Hartford Plaza, Hartford,
Connecticut 06105 STURTEVANT, DR. ALFRED H., California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
California 91109 SULKIN, DR. S. EDWARD, Department of Bacteriology, University of Texas,
Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas 75221 SUMMERS, DR. WILLIAM C., Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine Biological
Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 SUSSMAN, DR. MAURICE, Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham,
Massachusetts 02154 SWANSON, DR. CARL PONTIUS, Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
SWOPE, MR. GERARD, JR., Croton-on-Hudson, New York, New York 10520 SZABO, DR. GEORGE, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue,
Boston, Massachusetts 02115 S/ENT-GvoRGYi, DR. ALBERT, Institute for Muscle Research, Marine Biological
Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
76 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
SzENT-GvoRGYi, DR. ANDREW G., Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02154
TANZER, DR. MARVIN L., Department of Biochemistry, University of Con- necticut, School of Medicine, Health Center, Hartford Plaza, Hartford, Connecticut 06105
TASAKI, DR. ICHIJI, Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014
TAYLOR, DR. ROBERT E., Laboratory of Biophysics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014
TAYLOR, DR. W. ROWLAND, Department of Oceanography, Chesapeake Bay Institute, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
TEWINKEL, DR. Lois E., Department of Zoology, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts 01060
THALER, DR. M., MICHAEL, University of California, San Francisco, California 94102
TRACER, DR. WILLIAM, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021
TRAVIS, DR. D. M., Department of Pharmacology, University of Florida, Gaines- ville, Florida 32601
TRAVIS, DR. DOROTHY FRANCES, 1918 Northern Parkway, Greenberry Woods, Baltimore, Maryland 21210
TRINKAUS, Dr. J. PHILIP, Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
TROLL, DR. WALTER, Department of Environmental Medicine, New York Univer- sity, College of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
TWEEDELL, DR. KENYON S., Department of Biology, University of Notre Dame, Note Dame, Indiana 46556
URETZ, DR. ROBERT B., Department of Biophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
VAN HOLDE, DR. KENSAL EDWARD, Oregon State University, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
VILLEE, DR. CLAUDE A., Department of Biochemistry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
VINCENT, DR. WALTER S., Department of Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711
WAINIO, DR. W. W., Bureau of Biological Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903
WALD, DR. GEORGE, Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
WALLACE, DR. ROBIN A., P. O. Box Y, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37890
WARNER, DR. ROBERT C., Department of Chemistry, New York University College of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
WARREN, DR. LEONARD, Department of Therapeutic Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
WATERMAN, DR. T. H., 610 Klein Biology Tower, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
WATKINS, DR. DUDLEY TAYLOR, Department of Anatomy, University of Con- necticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06268
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 77
WATSON, DR. STANLEY WAYNE, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods
Hole, Massachusetts 02543 WEBB, DR. H. MARGUERITE, Department of Biological Sciences, Goucher College,
Towson, Maryland 21204 WEBER, DR. ANNEMARIE, Department of Biochemistry, St. Louis University,
St. Louis, Missouri 63108 WEISS, DR. LEON P., Department of Anatomy, The Johns Hopkins University,
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
WEISS, DR. PAUL A., The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021 WERMAN, DR. ROBERT, Department of Zoology, Hebrew University, Jerusalem.
Israel WHITAKER, DR. DOUGLAS M., 3300 Hillcrest Drive, Apt. 209, San Antonio,
Texas 78201
WHITE, DR. E. GRACE, 1312 Edgar Avenue, Chambersburg, Pennsylvania 17201 WHITING, DR. ANNA R., 535 West Vanderbilt Drive, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 WHITING, DR. PHINEAS, 535 West Vanderbilt Drive, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 WICHTERMAN, DR. RALPH, Department of Biology, Temple University, Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania 19122 WIERCINSKI, DR. FLOYD J., Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois State
College, 5500 North St. Louis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60625 WIGLEY, DR. ROLAND L., U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Commercial
Fisheries, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 WILBER, DR. C. G., Department of Zoology, Colorado State University, Fort
Collins, Colorado 80521
WILCE, DR. ROBERT THAYER, Department of Botany, University of Massa- chusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 WILSON, DR. DARCY B., Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania,
School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 WILSON, DR. J. WALTER, Department of Biology, Brown University, Providence,
Rhode Island 02912 WILSON, DR. T. HASTINGS, Department of Physiology, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts 02115 WILSON, DR. WALTER L., Department of Biology, Oakland University, Rochester,
Michigan 48063 WINTERS, DR. ROBERT WAYNE, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University,
College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032 WITSCHI, DR. EMIL, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021 WITTENBERG, DR. JONATHAN B., Department of Physiology and Biochemistry,
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10461 WRINCH, DR. DOROTHY, Department of Physics, Smith College, Northampton,
Massachusetts 01060 WYSE, DR. GORDON A., Department of Zoology, University of Massachusetts,
Amherst, Massachusetts 01002 WYTTENBACH, DR. CHARLES R., Department of Zoology, University of Kansas,
Lawrence, Kansas 66044 YNTEMA, DR. C. L., Department of Anatomy, State University of New York,
Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, New York 13210
78
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY
YOUNG, DR. DAVID KENNETH, Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
ZACK, DR. SUMNER IRWIN, The Pennsylvania Hospital, University of Pennsyl- vania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
ZIGMAN, DR. SEYMOUR, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Den- tistry, 260 Crittenden Boulevard, Rochester, New York 14620
ZIMMERMAN, DR. A. M., Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Toronto 5, Ontario, Canada
ZINN, DR. DONALD J., Department of Zoology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881
ZORZOLI, DR. ANITA, Department of Physiology, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York 12601
ZULLO, DR. VICTOR A., Department of Geology, California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California 94118
ZWEIFACH, DR. BENJAMIN, % Department of AMES, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92073
Z WILLING, DR. EDGAR, Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02154
ASSOCIATE MEMBERS
ACKROYD, DR. AND MRS. FREDERICK D.
ADELMAN, DR. AND MRS. W. J., JR. ALLEN, Miss CAMILLA K. ALTON, MRS. BENJAMIN ANGUS, DR. AND MRS. RALPH G. ANTHONY, MR. AND MRS. RICHARD A. ARMSTRONG, MRS. PHILIP B. BACON, DR. CATHERINE L. BACON, MR. AND MRS. ROBERT BAKALAR, MR. AND MRS. DAVID BALL, MRS. ERIC G. BALLANTINE, DR. AND MRS. H.
THOMAS, JR.
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BUCK, MRS. JOHN B.
BUFFINGTON, MRS. ALICE H. BUFFINGTON, MRS. GEORGE
BURDICK, DR. C. LALOR BURT, MR. AND MRS. CHARLES E. BUTLER, DR. AND MRS. E. G. CALKINS, MR. AND MRS. G. NATHAN,
JR. CAMPBELL, MR. AND MRS.
WORTHINGTON, JR.
CAREY, Miss CORNELIA L.
CARLTON, MR. AND MRS. WINSLOW G.
CARPENTER, MR. DONALD F.
CASHMAN, MR. AND MRS. EUGENE R.
CLAFF, MRS. C. LLOYD
CLARK, DR. AND MRS. ARNOLD M.
CLARK, MR. AND MRS. HAYS
CLARK, MRS. JAMP:S McC
CLARK, DR. AND MRS. LEONARD B.
CLARK, MRS. Li-:Rov
CLARK,